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Lalani K, Rao MS, Padmakumar R, Parikh P, Ashwini MV, teja Dhulipalla U. Cardiac Hydatid Cyst: A Rare but Potentially Life-Threatening Presentation of Hydatid Disease. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2024; 20:124-127. [PMID: 38495659 PMCID: PMC10941686 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac echinococcosis is a rare and severe manifestation of hydatid disease. It is caused by parasitic infestation by the Echinococcus species and can lead to life-threatening complications. Diagnosis is difficult due to nonspecific symptoms, but echocardiography is a highly sensitive diagnostic method. Albendazole treatment is effective in managing these cysts and can be an alternative to surgery. A patient with multiple cardiac hydatid cysts was successfully treated with albendazole, highlighting the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent life-threatening complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanhai Lalani
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - M. Sudhakar Rao
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - R. Padmakumar
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Pankti Parikh
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - M. V. Ashwini
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ujwal teja Dhulipalla
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Banisefid E, Baghernezhad K, Beheshti R, Hamzehzadeh S, Nemati S, Samadifar Z, Owaysee Osquee H, Javanshir E, Naseri A. Cardiac hydatid disease; a systematic review. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:600. [PMID: 37705012 PMCID: PMC10500901 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Human cystic echinococcosis (CE), is a common health problem in low- and middle-income countries. Cardiac involvement is a relatively rare manifestation of Echinococcus infection. This study aims to summarize the evidence regarding the features of cardiac CE. METHODS Case series of the patients with cardiac CE, were included in this study. Non-English papers, case reports, reviews, letters, , commentaries, and conference abstracts were not included. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed and EMBASE databases and the risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. RESULTS Out of 3985 results of the searches, finally 37 studies were included in this systematic review. Based on available evidence, cardiac involvement is an uncommon but serious presentation of CE which presents with some non-specific signs and symptoms. Dyspnea, chest pain, and palpitation are the most common symptoms of the disease and normal sinus rhythm is the most common Electrocardiogram (ECG) feature. The disease is not associated with high mortality in case of timely diagnosis and appropriate management. DISCUSSION Consecutive and complete inclusion of participants, statistical analysis, and appropriate reporting of the demographics were the sources of bias in the included studies. The exclusion of non-English papers was a limitation during the review process. FUNDING The research protocol was approved and supported by the Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (grant number: 69380). REGISTRATION This study was registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022381204).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Banisefid
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kosar Baghernezhad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rasa Beheshti
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sina Hamzehzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soheil Nemati
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Zahra Samadifar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Hamid Owaysee Osquee
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elnaz Javanshir
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, 5166/15731, Iran.
| | - Amirreza Naseri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Center: A Joanna Briggs Institute Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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3
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Karev E. The Tibetan echoes: Unrecognized conditions in nomadic population. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2022; 50:1260-1261. [PMID: 36353913 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Egor Karev
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Federal State Budgetary Institution, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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4
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Wegner B, Meel R, Nell T, Nqwata L, Wong M. Hydatid disease of the interventricular septum: Echocardiographic and computed tomography findings. SA J Radiol 2020; 24:1986. [PMID: 33391841 PMCID: PMC7756595 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v24i1.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatid disease (HD) is prevalent in South Africa, with cardiac HD being a rare but important manifestation to recognise and diagnose. An incidental finding on computed tomography (CT) of the chest in a patient with pulmonary HD prompted further multimodality imaging, which confirmed the presence of cardiac HD involving the interventricular septum. This case report focuses on imaging findings related to cardiac HD, as demonstrated by the CT of the chest and two- and three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography. Multimodality imaging is essential to assist in making a diagnosis and providing a detailed assessment of patients with cardiac HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Wegner
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ruchika Meel
- Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Tamarin Nell
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lamla Nqwata
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Michelle Wong
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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5
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Singh A, Sharma R, Garg A, Nanda NC, Elsayed M, Taher A, Bulur S. Usefulness of bubble study in echocardiographic diagnosis of contained rupture of hydatid cyst in the right ventricular outflow tract. Echocardiography 2016; 33:1402-8. [PMID: 27650224 DOI: 10.1111/echo.13317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe an adult female presenting with dyspnea in whom both transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography detected a mobile sac-like structure in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) containing a heterogenous echogenic mass. This sac-like structure markedly changed its shape and size during the cardiac cycle. These findings and the fact that the patient lived in a rural area raised the possibility that this was a hydatid cyst. A bubble study using normal saline was useful in detecting a contained rupture of the cyst. Bubble echoes were noted within the sac-like structure but did not penetrate the inner wall of the cyst which contained echogenic material, indicating that the rupture was confined only to the outer layers. At surgery, a 0.5 cm communication was noted between the cyst and the RVOT and pathology confirmed the diagnosis of hydatid cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitoj Singh
- Department of Cardiology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
| | - Ravindra Sharma
- Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ashok Garg
- Jaipur Heart Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Navin C Nanda
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
| | - Mahmoud Elsayed
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ahmed Taher
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Serkan Bulur
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Karuppiah S, Dharmalingam S, Sahajanandan R, George G. Role of transoesophageal echocardiography in peri-operative management of cardiac hydatid cyst. Indian J Anaesth 2015; 59:753-4. [PMID: 26755844 PMCID: PMC4697251 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5049.170039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Intracavitary cardiac hydatid cysts with a high risk of thromboemboli. Invasive nature of cardiac echinococcosis. Herz 2013; 39:882-6. [PMID: 23982833 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-013-3932-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydatid cysts are a serious health problem in many countries that raise farm animals, and they usually involve the liver and lungs. Although cardiac involvement is a rare manifestation of hydatid cyst disease, its early diagnosis and surgical management are crucial. Patients with cardiac hydatidosis may develop acute life-threatening complications secondary to their invasion of surrounding cardiac structures, such as cyst rupture together with systemic and pulmonary dissemination. Therefore, surgical excision is the definitive method of treatment for cardiac hydatid cysts in order to prevent these potential life-threatening complications, even for asymptomatic patients. Herein, we report the case of a 36-year-old man who initially presented with pleuritic chest pain, hemoptysis, and dyspnea. This was followed by the revelation of multiple cardiopericardial hydatid cysts which were discovered via transesophageal echocardiography and multislice computed tomography. In this case, there was a higher risk of cyst rupture and thromboembolism during systemic and pulmonary circulation due to the invasive nature of the cysts which were located in the left atrium as well as between the pulmonary artery and aorta. The patient successfully underwent the removal of the multiple cardiac cysts under cardiopulmonary bypass by taking into account their relationship with the surrounding cardiac structures and the potential risk of local, systemic, and pulmonary dissemination. A pathological evaluation of the surgical specimens confirmed the diagnosis of cardiac echinococcosis and the aggressive nature of the cardiopericardial hydatid cysts by demonstrating their myocardial invasion.
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8
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Serraj M, Smahi M, Kamaoui I, El Houari A, Sahnoune F, Ouadnouni Y, Amara B, El Biaze M, Tizniti S, Benjelloun MC. [Hydatic pulmonary embolism: a rare complication of hepatic hydatid cyst]. Rev Mal Respir 2013; 30:215-21. [PMID: 23497931 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepato-pulmonary hydatidosis is a parasitic disease common in Mediterranean countries. Hydatid pulmonary embolism is extremely rare and is due to rupture of a cardiac hydatid cyst or, more rarely, rupture of a hepatic hydatid cyst. We report three cases of hydatid pulmonary embolism secondary to rupture of a hydatid cyst into the inferior vena cava. Thoracic imaging, mainly CT angiography and MRI, was important for both the diagnosis and decisions on treatment. The prognosis of intra-arterial pulmonary hydatid cyst is poor because of the risk of acute fatal complications such as anaphylactic shock and vascular rupture and also of chronic progression to cor pulmonale and respiratory failure. The therapeutic management is difficult and often only partially effective hence the importance of focusing on preventative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Serraj
- Service de pneumologie, CHU Hassan II, BP 5552, 30006 Fès Sidi Brahim, Fès, Maroc.
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9
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Fabijanić D, Bulat C, Letica D, Nenadić D, Pešutić-Pisac V, Carević V. Echocardiographic appearance of a hydatid cyst of the papillary muscle and chordae tendineae. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2011; 39:431-433. [PMID: 21491459 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.20818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A 24-year-old woman with a history of hydatid disease of the lung and brain, which was treated surgically and medically with albendazole, was admitted because of syncope. Echocardiography demonstrated a mass in the anterolateral papillary muscle and chordae tendineae. Despite negative serologic tests for Echinococcus granulosus, cytology and histology of the surgically removed mass confirmed hydatid disease. The patient was discharged and treated further with albendazole and praziquantel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Fabijanić
- Department of Cardiology, Split University Hospital, Split 21000, Spinčićeva 1, Croatia
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Molavipour A, Javan H, Moghaddam AA, Dastani M, Abbasi M, Ghahramani S. Combined medical and surgical treatment of intracardiac hydatid cysts in 11 patients. J Card Surg 2010; 25:143-6. [PMID: 20492027 DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2009.00973.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Echinococcosis is a human parasitic disease common in sheep-rearing regions, which is caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granolosus and can involve any heart region. We report 11 cases of cardiac hydatidosis who were treated medically and surgically. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eleven patients diagnosed with cardiac echinococcosis were referred to the Cardiac Surgery Department of Shahid Madani Hospital from 1992 to 2004. Symptoms included dyspnea, palpitation, limb ischemia, fever, weight loss, hemiplegia, and loss of consciousness. Patients underwent surgical removal of the cyst followed by medical treatment until the titer of echinococcus hemaglutination test came to normal. RESULTS Hospital stay and recovery time were uneventful in nine patients. One patient died due to acute renal failure before hospital discharge (9%) and another patient experienced cerebral hydatidosis 12 months after surgery (probably due to cyst embolism). The other nine patients had no complications during five years of follow-up. CONCLUSION Surgical excision using cardiopulmonary bypass combined with medical therapy provides the most optimal treatment for cardiac echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Molavipour
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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11
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Saedi B, Kouhi A. Isolated nasolabial hydatid cyst: an unusual location. ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY 2010; 103:737-40. [PMID: 20030999 DOI: 10.1179/000349809x12502035776270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Saedi
- Otorhinolaryngology Research Centre, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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12
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Molavipour A, Javan H, Moghaddam AA, Dastani M, Abbasi M, Ghahramani S. Combined Medical and Surgical Treatment of Intracardiac Hydatid Cysts in 11 Patients. J Card Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8191.2010.00973.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Eroglu E, Gemici G, Ergenoglu M, Yildiz C, Kucukaksu S, Degertekin M. Giant hydatid cyst of the interventricular septum mimicking acute myocardial infarction on ECG: an unusual cause of ST segment elevation. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2009; 10:425-7. [DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e328329335e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Gulel O, Acar Z, Elmali M, Akar H, Demircan S. Ventricular tachycardia and coronary anatomy changes due to a large cardiac cyst. Can J Cardiol 2007; 23:899. [PMID: 17876382 PMCID: PMC2651368 DOI: 10.1016/s0828-282x(07)70846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Biyik I, Acar S, Ergene O. Left atrial mobile hydatid cyst mimicking left atrial myxoma and mitral stenosis and causing heart failure and arrhythmia. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2006; 23:193-5. [PMID: 16868856 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-006-9132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2006] [Accepted: 06/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hydatid cysts are very rare in hydatid cyst disease. We report herein a case of hydatid cyst mimicking left atrial myxoma. A 78-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaint of dyspnea and signs pulmonary edema and mitral stenosis. Echocardiography showed left atrial mobile, mostly solid mass with wall calcifications moving towards the orifice of the mitral valve. We also found loculated giant hepatic and right pulmonary cysts. We aimed to report this case because of mimicking mitral stenosis and left atrial myxoma and causing heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Biyik
- Department of Cardiology, Usak State Hospital, Ismetpasa Caddesi 75/1, 64100 Usak, Turkey.
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Nemes A, Geleijnse ML, van Geuns RJ, Caliskan K, Michels M, Soliman OII, McGhie JS, ten Cate FJ. Evaluation of pericardial hydatid cysts by different echocardiographic imaging modalities. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2006; 22:647-51. [PMID: 16625312 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-006-9089-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2006] [Accepted: 03/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hydatid disease or echinococcosis is a rare complication of Echinococcus granulosus infection. Traditionally, the diagnosis is made with two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. This case report shows the complementary function of the different echo modalities (two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and contrast echocardiography) and MRI in the evaluation of pericardial hydatid cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Nemes
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr Molewaterplein 40, Room Ba304, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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