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Moradi S, Fateh MS, Movahed E, Mortezagholi B, Amini MJ, Salehi SA, Hajishah H, Nowruzi M, Shafiee A. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder among dental students: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent Educ 2024; 88:900-909. [PMID: 38504501 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the increasing concern, the literature lacks a comprehensive synthesis of the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances among dental students. METHODS We conducted a systematic review following Cochrane Manual for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and PRISMA guidelines. Our search, spanning databases like Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, covered data until June 5, 2023. A random effect model was utilized for the meta-analysis. RESULTS From 508 initially identified articles, 45 studies met eligibility criteria. The pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders among dental students was estimated as follows: depression [38%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 32%-44%; I2 = 98%], anxiety [48%, 95% CI: 41%-55%; I2 = 97.7%], and sleep disorders [31%, 95% CI: 24%-38%; I2 = 85.7%]. Subgroup analyses based on geographical regions and assessment scales revealed significant between-subgroup differences. Meta-regression identified associations between the prevalence of depression and the year of publication and between the prevalence of anxiety and total sample size, participant age, and year of publication. Publication bias assessments demonstrated a lack of significant bias, strengthening the validity of the findings. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances in dental students is significant. This study highlighted the need for targeted interventions and support systems within dental education to alleviate the mental health challenges students face, ultimately ensuring their well-being and competence as future healthcare providers. Further research should explore the effectiveness of interventions in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Moradi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Fateh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Emad Movahed
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bardia Mortezagholi
- Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Amini
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Hajishah
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Nowruzi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Arman Shafiee
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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Heumann E, Palacio Siebe AV, Stock C, Heinrichs K. Depressive Symptoms Among Higher Education Students in Germany-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Public Health Rev 2024; 45:1606983. [PMID: 38978768 PMCID: PMC11228579 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2024.1606983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Higher education students in Germany are vulnerable to depressive symptoms. Despite ample evidence, no comprehensive review has recently been conducted. Thus, our systematic review and meta-analysis aims at describing the extent to which students are affected by depressive symptoms. Methods We searched three databases for articles reporting the prevalence rates of depressiveness among students in Germany published between 2002 and 2023. Pooled prevalence rates were calculated using random effects models, both for the overall sample and for subgroups categorized by gender, study setting, assessment instrument, and whether the study was conducted before or during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results The search yielded 992 records. After screening, 60 articles remained for data extraction. About one out of five students (21.1%) exhibits depressive symptoms. Pooled prevalence rates differ between subgroups, with higher rates during the COVID-19 pandemic than before (30.6% versus 18.0%) and with females being more affected than their male counterparts (29.0% versus 23.1%). Conclusion This review underlines the urgency with which the mental health of students should be addressed at the (higher educational) policy level. Clinical Trial Registration: PROPSPERO, Identifier CRD42022384066.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Heumann
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Valentina Palacio Siebe
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Stock
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Unit for Health Promotion Research, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Katherina Heinrichs
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Finkelman MD, Joseph A, Khoynezhad S, Bordin TB. Depressive symptoms and their correlates among predoctoral dental students in the United States. J Dent Educ 2024; 88:856-864. [PMID: 38348972 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms among predoctoral dental students in the United States and examine potential correlates. METHODS A survey was emailed to all 66 dental schools in the United States, inviting them to distribute it to their predoctoral students. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Data collection occurred from February to April 2020. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to assess associations between demographic variables and depressive symptom severity category, adjusting for potential confounding. RESULTS Of an estimated 25,000 predoctoral dental students at the 66 schools, 631 students from 21 schools completed the survey. A total of 24.1% were categorized as having minimal or no depressive symptoms, 33.6% as having mild depressive symptoms, and 42.3% as having moderate, moderately severe, or severe depressive symptoms. Gender (p = 0.015) and race/ethnicity (p = 0.002) were significant predictors of severity, adjusting for other variables. Students identifying as female had higher odds of self-reporting greater depressive severity symptoms compared with students identifying as male. Students identifying as African American/Black (non-Hispanic) and Asian/Pacific Islander had higher odds of self-reporting greater depressive severity symptoms compared with students identifying as White. CONCLUSION There is evidence of a high prevalence of depressive symptoms among predoctoral dental students in the United States. Demographic variables may be risk indicators within this population. Approaches to reduce depressive symptoms among US predoctoral dental students are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Finkelman
- Department of Public Health and Community Service, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Shirin Khoynezhad
- Department of Prosthodontics, LSUHSC School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Restorative & Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thaisa Barizan Bordin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Silva AND, Vettore MV. Associations of academic environment, lifestyle, sense of coherence and social support with self-reported mental health status among dental students at a university in Brazil: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e076084. [PMID: 38114282 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study evaluated the association of academic environment, lifestyle, sense of coherence (SOC) and social support with self-reported mental health status among dental students. DESIGN Secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey conducted from August to October 2018. SETTING Dental school of a public-funded university in the south-eastern region of Brazil. PARTICIPANTS 233 undergraduate dental students recruited across all years of the course. OUTCOME MEASURES Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, city of origin and student's academic semester were obtained through self-completed questionnaires. Perception of the academic environment (Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM)), individual lifestyle (Individual Lifestyle Profile Questionnaire (ILPQ)), SOC (SOC Scale (SOC-13)), social support (Medical Outcomes Study Scale (MOS)), and depression, anxiety and stress (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21)) were assessed using validated instruments. The relationships between variables were investigated through multivariable negative binomial regression to obtain the rate ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS Female sex was associated with greater scores of anxiety (RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.97) and stress (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.06). Students who perceived a better academic environment and those reporting a greater SOC had a lower probability of depression, anxiety and stress. Furthermore, a favourable lifestyle was associated with lower depression scores (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99). Social support did not remain associated with depression, anxiety and stress after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that self-reported mental health status is associated with students' sex, academic environment, SOC and lifestyle. Enhancing the educational environment and SOC, and promoting a healthy lifestyle may improve the psychological health of dental students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Neiva da Silva
- Department of Health and Society, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mario Vianna Vettore
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Vest-Agder, Norway
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Garcia FF, Casarin M, Silva FH, Muniz FWMG. Association between history of academic failure during dental school and self-reported depression, anxiety, and stress: A retrospective cohort. J Dent Educ 2023; 87:1502-1511. [PMID: 37485557 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between history of academic failure (HAF) and self-reported depression, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate dental students. METHODS This study involved 244 dental students from one university. An online questionnaire collected information on the following variables: socioeconomic status, behavior, use of licit/illicit drugs, and the choice of dentistry as an undergraduate field of study. The 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) was applied. HAF in at least one subject during a participant's undergraduate tenure was defined as the main outcome. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust variance. In addition, a subgroup analysis was performed for the variable "dentistry as the first choice for undergraduate studies." RESULTS The prevalence of HAF was 25.00% (n = 61). Among those students, the mean number of academic failures was 5.41 ± 6.38 (range: 1-33). Higher rates of HAF were observed among older and non-white dental students. Moreover, those who self-reported at least severe depression presented a 79% higher HAF prevalence ratio (PR) (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.15-2.80). Similar findings were detected among those who reported (PR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.06-4.46) or did not report (PR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.10-4.46) interest in dentistry as a first undergraduate option. Conversely, among women and students who did not choose dentistry as their first option, HAF was significantly lower (PR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.21-0.80). CONCLUSION Higher HAF rates are observed in students who are older, non-white, and self-report at least severe depression. However, dentistry as a first option for undergraduate studies was not associated with HAF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maísa Casarin
- Department of Periodontology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Muñoz MDS, Dantas PPDA, Pola NM, Casarin M, de Almeida RZ, Muniz FWMG. Poor Quality of Sleep is Associated with Lower Academic Performance in Undergraduate Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. SLEEP AND VIGILANCE 2023; 7:1-10. [PMID: 36644371 PMCID: PMC9823249 DOI: 10.1007/s41782-022-00223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to assess the quality of sleep and associated factors among dental students. Methods All dental students regularly enrolled at the Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil, were invited to participate. A structured online questionnaire was applied to collect the independent variables, including academic performance. Quality of sleep was assessed by the validated version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sample was dichotomized as good sleep quality (total score: ≤ 4) and at least poor quality (total score: ≥ 5). Adjusted analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust variance to detect the association between sleep quality and independent variables. Independent adjusted models were performed to the whole-sample, only undergraduate and only graduate dental students. Results Poor quality of sleep was detected in 266 (65.2%) dental students, of which 228 (68.9%) and 38 (49.4%) were undergraduate and graduate dental students, respectively. Female students presented a prevalence ratio (PR) 19% higher compared to males (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.41). When only graduate students were considering, those that reported not being the head of the family presented a PR 4.39 higher for poor quality of sleep (95% CI 1.91-10.09). Poor quality of sleep was associated with lower academic performance among undergraduate students (PR: 0.94; 95% CI 0.89-0.99), but not significantly associated when graduate students are considered (PR: 0.99; 95% CI 0.96-1.03). Conclusion It was concluded that dental students, mainly female ones, have high prevalence of poor quality of sleep, which is associated with undergraduate student's worst academic performance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41782-022-00223-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana da Silva Muñoz
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Pelotas, RS 96015-560 Brazil
| | | | - Natália Marcumini Pola
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Pelotas, RS 96015-560 Brazil
| | - Maísa Casarin
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Pelotas, RS 96015-560 Brazil
| | | | - Francisco Wilker Mustafa Gomes Muniz
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Rua Gonçalves Chaves, 457, Pelotas, RS 96015-560 Brazil
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Frajerman A, Chaumette B, Krebs MO, Morvan Y. Mental health in medical, dental and pharmacy students: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022; 10:100404. [PMID: 35992770 PMCID: PMC9378210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mental health of health students is considered a public health issue which increased dramatically with the COVID 19’s pandemic. Few studies have assessed the prevalence of depression in medical, pharmacy, and dental students. Our goal was to assess mental health in health students from the same university and identify the associated factors. Methods An online survey was sent to the health students of the University of Paris in 3 specialties (medicine, pharmacy, and dentistry). We used the Hospitalization Anxiety and Depression scale, the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (with 2 versions: the Human Services Survey for clinical students and residents and the Student survey for the others). The presence of suicidal ideation, humiliation, sexual harassment, and sexual aggression over twelve-months was also measured. We performed multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify the associated factors of Major Depressive Episodes (MDE). Findings 1925 students answered the survey. The overall prevalence of 7-day anxiety and depressive symptoms, MDE, suicidal ideation, humiliation, sexual harassment, and sexual aggression were 55%, 23%, 26%, 19%, 19%, 22%, and 5.5%, respectively. Burnout was present in 42% of nonclinical students and 65% of clinical students and residents. Multivariable logistic regression identified several associated factors of MDE: moderate (OR = 1.49,CI95[1.17-1.90]) or major (OR = 2.32,CI95[1.68-3.20]) subjective financial difficulties, humiliation (OR = 1.71,CI95[1.28-2.28]), sexual abuse (OR = 1.65,CI95[1.04-2.60]), and sexual harassment (OR = 1.60,CI95[1.19-2.16]). Interpretation This is one of the largest studies comparing dental, pharmacy and medical students from the same university. We found elevated prevalences of psychiatric symptoms with variation depending on specialty.
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Fernandez MDS, Pontes AFL, Casarin M, Feijo JDS, Pola NM, Muniz FWMG. Factors associated with poor academic performance among undergraduate dental students: A cross‐sectional study. J Dent Educ 2022; 87:514-522. [PMID: 36349686 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the factors associated with poor academic performance among undergraduate dental students enrolled at a public university in Brazil. METHODS A semi-structured questionnaire addressing the exploratory variables of interest (sociodemographic and economic characteristics, use of medications and drugs, dentistry as the first choice of undergraduate course, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) was hosted on Google Forms and shared with all dental students at the Federal University of Pelotas. Academic performance was evaluated based on institutional records, access to which the participants had previously authorized; students with good (average ≥7.0 points) or poor academic performance (average <7.0 points) were considered. Adjusted logistic regressions were performed to verify the association between academic performance and the exploratory variables (p < 0.05). RESULTS In total, 244 students were included, of whom 18.8% had poor academic performance. Increased age (OR: 1.34; 95%CI: 1.18-1.52), non-white skin color (OR: 1.34; 95%CI: 1.18-1.52), the use of medications for anxiety and depression (OR: 1.34; 95%CI: 1.18-1.52), and poor sleep quality (OR: 1.34; 95%CI: 1.18-1.52) were factors associated with poor academic performance. CONCLUSION A low prevalence of poor academic performance was observed. Non-white skin color, increased age, use of anxiolytics or antidepressants, and poor or disturbed sleep may reduce dental students' academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maísa Casarin
- Department of Periodontology Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | | | - Natália Marcumini Pola
- Department of Periodontology Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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Oliveira de Freitas B, Casarin M, Almeida RZD, Pessoa Gomes JM, Cepeda IVB, Muniz FWMG. Prevalence of depressive symptoms among dental students is influenced by sex, academic performance, smoking exposure, and sexual orientation. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.20396/bjos.v22i00.8669237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To estimate the prevalence and associated factors of self-reported depressive symptoms in undergraduate and graduate dental students. Methods: The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was applied, and only the depression domain was verified. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, behavioral, and COVID-19 pandemic-related fear variables. Academic performance was assessed based on academic records, ranging from 0 (worst possible grade) to 10 (best possible grade). Respondents included 408 regularly enrolled dental students. Bi- and multivariate analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust variance to verify the association between at least moderate depressive symptoms and independent variables. Results: The prevalence of at least moderate depression was 40.5% among undergraduate students and 26% among graduate students. The prevalence of fear and anxiety due to the COVID-19 pandemic was 96.1% among undergraduate students and 93.5% among graduate students. In the final multivariate analysis, being female (prevalence ratio [PR]:2.01; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:1.36–2.96) was associated with a higher PR for depression. Conversely, no exposure to smoking (PR:0.54; 95%CI:0.36–0.82) and a final academic performance average ≥7.0 (PR:0.56; 95%CI:0.41–0.76) was associated with a lower PR for depression. Finally, among graduate students, a non-heterosexual orientation was associated with a higher PR for depression (PR:6.70; 95%CI:2.21–20.29). Conclusion: Higher rates of depression symptoms were observed in female undergraduates, students with lower academic performance and smoking exposure, and graduate dental students with a non-heterosexual orientation.
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Scarbecz M, DeSchepper EJ, Dyer NL, Blanton AO. Alcohol use among US dental students: Results of a nationwide survey. J Dent Educ 2022; 86:934-948. [PMID: 35211967 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES Substance use may be a consequence of dental student stress. Studies have examined the alcohol use among medical students, but there are fewer studies among dental students. The purpose of this study was to examine alcohol use in a large geographically diverse sample of US Dental Students. METHODS An anonymous web-based survey instrument was modeled after well-known surveys of college student substance use. Survey data collection used best practices for web-based surveys when possible. RESULTS 2019 responses were collected with the cooperation of fifteen US dental schools (potential sample size: 6029; RR: 7.6%, n = 463). 2021 responses were collected using the American Student Dental Association email list (potential sample size: 18,722; RR: 2.2%, n = 424). Respondents came from all regions of the US. Thirty-day alcohol usage and binge drinking rates were somewhat higher among dental students than college-age students from other surveys. Women's 30-day prevalence of alcohol use was slightly higher than men, but binge drinking prevalence was greater among men. Prevalence of binge drinking was higher among white students, as was mean drinks per drinking occasion. Students who self-reported below average academic performance were more likely to report drinking to get away from problems and had a higher prevalence of some alcohol-related problems (ARPs). CONCLUSIONS Despite the limitations of this study, the results are consistent with that of other studies. This study has provided some valuable insight into the prevalence of alcohol usage and ARPs among US dental students. Of special concern are the reasons for drinking as mechanisms for relieving tension and stress, which may continue into dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Scarbecz
- Department of Bioscience Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC) College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Edward J DeSchepper
- Department of General Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC) College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nakeshi L Dyer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC) College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alan O Blanton
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC) College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Rolland F, Frajerman A, Falissard B, Bertschy G, Diquet B, Marra D. Impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on French Health students. Encephale 2022; 49:219-226. [PMID: 35221022 PMCID: PMC8813577 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Context In France, care workers and health students have been intensely mobilized during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. But few studies have evaluated psychological distress on non-medical health students, in addition to the challenges posed by pedagogical continuity while universities are closed following health and safety regulations. Objectives This study aims to assess COVID-19's impact on health students in France on different levels: psychological, educational and social. Methods An online national cross-sectional study, from April 11 to May 30 2020, included sociodemographic, work conditions and numeric scales. Results A total of 4411 students answered. Regarding the K6 scale, 39% of students had moderate distress, and 21% had a high level of distress. Risk factors of psychological distress included being a woman (P < 0.001), being between 19 and 21 years old (P < 0.001), living alone (P = 0.008), and not having the ability to isolate (P < 0.001). Students on the frontline had less psychological distress (57 vs 62%, P = 0.003), better quality of sleep (34% vs 28% high quality, P < 0.001) but a higher consumption of medical (8.5% vs 6.5%, P = 0.044) and non-medical (18% vs 10%, P < 0.001) psychotropic drugs. Nurse and medical students had more distress and used more non-medical psychotropic substances than other health students (15% vs 9.2%). Discussion COVID-19’ crisis had an important impact on health students’ mental health, social life and training with discrepancies regarding the speciality whether they were on the frontline or not. There is an urgent need for psychological and pedagogical support for students, and even more so regarding the prolongation of the COVID-19 epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rolland
- Center for research in epidemiology and population health (CESP), National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1018, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaitre de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Assistaice Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
| | - A Frajerman
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), Université de Paris, INSERM U1266, 75014 Paris, France
| | - B Falissard
- Center for research in epidemiology and population health (CESP), National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1018, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaitre de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Assistaice Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - G Bertschy
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addictology, Strasbourg University Hospital, 67000 Strasbourg, France; INSERM U1114, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Translational Medicine Federation, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - B Diquet
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, Institut de Biologie en santé, CHU Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France
| | - D Marra
- Service Hospitalo-Universitaitre de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Saclay, Assistaice Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Paris-Est Créteil (UPEC), 61, avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
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