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He M, Zhang L, Hu H, Liu X, Zhang C, Xin Y, Liu B, Chen Z, Xu K, Liu Y. Complete genome sequencing and comparative genomic analyses of a new spotted-fever Rickettsia heilongjiangensis strain B8. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2153085. [PMID: 36440590 PMCID: PMC9930820 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2153085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rickettsia heilongjiangensis, a tick-borne obligate intracellular bacterium and causative agent of spotted fever in China, has attracted increasing concern regarding its capability in causing human rickettsiosis. Here, we conducted a genomic analysis of a new R. heilongjiangensis strain B8 (B8) isolated from the serum of a patient who had been bitten by a Haemaphysalis longicornis tick in Anhui Province, China. The present study sought to identify exclusive genes that might be associated with the pathogenicity of B8 using comparative genomics. Specifically, the sequences of B8 were assembled into one circular chromosome of 1,275,081 bp and predicted to contain 1447 genes. Comparative genome analyses were performed based on the genome of B8 and 28 spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsial genomes deposited in NCBI. Phylogenomic analyses indicated the B8 strain was clustered within the R. heilongjiangensis species; however, a sum of 112 and 119 B8-unique genes was identified when compared with R. heilongjiangensis and R. japonica strains, respectively. Functional annotation analyses revealed that these B8-unique genes were mainly annotated to defence mechanisms, lipid transport and metabolism, cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis. These data indicate B8 rather represents a previously undescribed human-pathogenic SFG rickettsia lineage, which may be an intermediate lineage of R. heilongjiangensis and R. japonica. Overall, this study isolated a new strain of R. heilongjiangensis in East-Central China for the first time, and provided potential B8-unique genetic loci that could be used for the discrimination of B8 from other R. heilongjiangensis and closely related SFG Rickettsial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maozhang He
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoran Hu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Xin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Boyu Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kehan Xu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China,Kehan Xu Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical, The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical; The Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Zoonoses of High Institutions in Anhui, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China, Yan Liu
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Zhang W, An Z, Bai Y, Zhou Y, Chen F, Wang KJ. A novel antimicrobial peptide Scyreptin 1-30 from Scylla paramamosain exhibiting potential therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa early infection in a mouse burn wound model. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 218:115917. [PMID: 37952897 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) constitutes a significant global threat to human health. In recent years, there has been a concerning surge in infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, highlighting the pressing need to urgently explore novel and effective alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a focal point of research, capturing significant attention as promising antimicrobial agents. In this study, we have identified a novel cationic antimicrobial peptide (AMP) named Scyreptin1-30, derived from the marine invertebrate Scylla paramamosain. The results showed that Scyreptin1-30 exhibits a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, demonstrating significant potency against both bacteria and fungi, and even against the clinically isolated multidrug-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, Scyreptin1-30 exhibited rapid bactericidal kinetic. The results of antibacterial mechanism showed that Scyreptin1-30 destroyed the integrity of bacterial membranes, leading to bacterial death and exhibited potent anti-biofilm activity against P. aeruginosa. The activity of Scyreptin1-30 against bacteria had a favorable thermal stability, displayed a certain ion tolerance, and showed no discernible cytotoxicity when assessed against both the mammalian cell line HEK293T and the fish cell lines ZF4. In an In vivo study, Scyreptin1-30 exhibited a remarkably reduction in the bacterial load caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa at the site of infection, and promoted wound healing in a mouse model of burn infection. This study indicated that Scyreptin1-30 holds promise as an effective antibacterial agent, potentially serving as a topical skin treatment against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, including those caused by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhe An
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqi Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Bolten S, Mowery J, Gu G, Redding M, Kroft B, Luo Y, Nou X. Listeria monocytogenes loss of cultivability on carrot is associated with the formation of mesosome-like structures. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 390:110121. [PMID: 36807003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Raw carrot is known to have antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, but the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined carrot antilisterial activity against several strains of Listeria species (including L. grayi, L. innocua, L. seeligeri, and L. welshimeri) and L. monocytogenes. A representative strain of L. monocytogenes was subsequently used for further characterizing carrot antilisterial activity. Exposure to fresh-cut carrot for 15 min resulted in a similar loss of cultivability, ranging from 2.5 to 4.7 log units, across all Listeria strains evaluated. L. monocytogenes recovered from the fresh-cut surface of different raw carrots was 1.6 to 4.1 log lower than levels obtained from paired boiled carrot samples with abolished antilisterial activity. L. monocytogenes levels recovered from fresh-cut carrot were 2.8 to 3.1 log lower when enumerated by culture-dependent methods than by the culture-independent method of PMAxx-qPCR, a qPCR assay that is performed using DNA pre-treated to selectively sequester DNA from cells with injured membranes. These results suggested that L. monocytogenes loss of cultivability on fresh-cut carrot was not associated with a loss of L. monocytogenes cell membrane integrity and putative cell viability. Transmission electron microscopy imaging revealed that L. monocytogenes rapidly formed mesosome-like structures upon exposure to carrot fresh-cut surface but not upon exposure to boiled carrot surface, suggesting there may be an association between the formation of these mesosome-like structures and a loss of cultivability in L. monocytogenes. However, further research is necessary to conclude the causality of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Bolten
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Joseph Mowery
- Electron and Confocal Microscopy Unit, USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Ganyu Gu
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Marina Redding
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Brenda Kroft
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Yaguang Luo
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Xiangwu Nou
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA-ARS Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, United States of America.
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Yang Y, Chen HY, Hao H, Wang KJ. The Anticancer Activity Conferred by the Mud Crab Antimicrobial Peptide Scyreprocin through Apoptosis and Membrane Disruption. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105500. [PMID: 35628312 PMCID: PMC9142079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Scyreprocin is an antimicrobial peptide first identified in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Herein, we showed that its recombinant product (rScyreprocin) could significantly inhibit the growth of human lung cancer NCI-H460 cells (H460), but showed no cytotoxicity to human lung fibroblasts (HFL1). rScyreprocin was a membrane-active peptide that firstly induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H460, and led to endoplasmic reticulum stress and Ca2+ release, which resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequently activation of caspase-3 cascades, and ultimately led to apoptosis. The comprehensive results indicated that rScyreprocin exerted anticancer activity by disrupting cell membrane and inducing apoptosis. The in vivo efficacy test demonstrated that intratumoral injection of rScyreprocin significantly inhibited the growth of H460 xenografts, which was close to that of the cisplatin (inhibition rate: 69.94% vs. 80.76%). Therefore, rScyreprocin is expected to become a promising candidate for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (H.-Y.C.); (H.H.)
| | - Hui-Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (H.-Y.C.); (H.H.)
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hua Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (H.-Y.C.); (H.H.)
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (H.-Y.C.); (H.H.)
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Correspondence:
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Yang Y, Chen F, Qiao K, Zhang H, Chen HY, Wang KJ. Two Male-Specific Antimicrobial Peptides SCY2 and Scyreprocin as Crucial Molecules Participated in the Sperm Acrosome Reaction of Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3373. [PMID: 35328805 PMCID: PMC8952799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) identified in the reproductive system of animals have been widely studied for their antimicrobial activity, but only a few studies have focused on their physiological roles. Our previous studies have revealed the in vitro antimicrobial activity of two male gonadal AMPs, SCY2 and scyreprocin, from mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Their physiological functions, however, remain a mystery. In this study, the two AMPs were found co-localized on the sperm apical cap. Meanwhile, progesterone was confirmed to induce acrosome reaction (AR) of mud crab sperm in vitro, which intrigued us to explore the roles of the AMPs and progesterone in AR. Results showed that the specific antibody blockade of scyreprocin inhibited the progesterone-induced AR without affecting intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, while the blockade of SCY2 hindered the influx of Ca2+. We further showed that SCY2 could directly bind to Ca2+. Moreover, progesterone failed to induce AR when either scyreprocin or SCY2 function was deprived. Taken together, scyreprocin and SCY2 played a dual role in reproductive immunity and sperm AR. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the direct involvement of AMPs in sperm AR, which would expand the current understanding of the roles of AMPs in reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (F.C.); (K.Q.); (H.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (F.C.); (K.Q.); (H.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kun Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (F.C.); (K.Q.); (H.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (F.C.); (K.Q.); (H.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Hui-Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (F.C.); (K.Q.); (H.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Y.Y.); (F.C.); (K.Q.); (H.Z.); (H.-Y.C.)
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Bin Hafeez A, Jiang X, Bergen PJ, Zhu Y. Antimicrobial Peptides: An Update on Classifications and Databases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11691. [PMID: 34769122 PMCID: PMC8583803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are distributed across all kingdoms of life and are an indispensable component of host defenses. They consist of predominantly short cationic peptides with a wide variety of structures and targets. Given the ever-emerging resistance of various pathogens to existing antimicrobial therapies, AMPs have recently attracted extensive interest as potential therapeutic agents. As the discovery of new AMPs has increased, many databases specializing in AMPs have been developed to collect both fundamental and pharmacological information. In this review, we summarize the sources, structures, modes of action, and classifications of AMPs. Additionally, we examine current AMP databases, compare valuable computational tools used to predict antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of action, and highlight new machine learning approaches that can be employed to improve AMP activity to combat global antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmer Bin Hafeez
- Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Xukai Jiang
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (X.J.); (P.J.B.)
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Phillip J. Bergen
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (X.J.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Yan Zhu
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (X.J.); (P.J.B.)
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Chen YC, Yang Y, Zhang C, Chen HY, Chen F, Wang KJ. A Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Sparamosin 26-54 From the Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain Showing Potent Antifungal Activity Against Cryptococcus neoformans. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:746006. [PMID: 34690992 PMCID: PMC8531530 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.746006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant fungi and the limitations of current treatment strategies to fungal infections, exploration and development of new antifungal drugs or substituents are necessary. In the study, a novel antimicrobial peptide, named Sparamosin, was identified in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain, which contains a signal peptide of 22 amino acids and a mature peptide of 54 amino acids. The antimicrobial activity of its synthetic mature peptide and two truncated peptides (Sparamosin1-25 and Sparamosin26-54) were determined. The results showed that Sparamosin26-54 had the strongest activity against a variety of Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, in particular had rapid fungicidal kinetics (killed 99% Cryptococcus neoformans within 10 min) and had potent anti-biofilm activity against C. neoformans, but had no cytotoxic effect on mammalian cells. The RNA-seq results showed that after Sparamosin26-54 treatment, the expression of genes involved in cell wall component biosynthesis, cell wall integrity signaling pathway, anti-oxidative stress, apoptosis and DNA repair were significantly up-regulated, indicating that Sparamosin26-54 might disrupt the cell wall of C. neoformans, causing oxidative stress, DNA damage and cell apoptosis. The underlying mechanism was further confirmed. Sparamosin26-54 could bind to several phospholipids in the cell membrane and effectively killed C. neoformans through disrupting the integrity of the cell wall and cell membrane observed by electron microscope and staining assay. In addition, it was found that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was disrupted, and DNA fragmentation was induced after Sparamosin26-54 treatment, which are all hallmarks of apoptosis. Taken together, Sparamosin26-54 has a good application prospect as an effective antimicrobial agent, especially for C. neoformans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hui-Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Innovation Research Institute for Marine Biological Antimicrobial Peptide Industrial Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Hu H, Jiang C, Zhang B, Guo N, Li Z, Guo X, Wang Y, Liu B, He Q. Investigation of morphological changes of HPS membrane caused by cecropin B through scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. J Vet Sci 2021; 22:e59. [PMID: 34423597 PMCID: PMC8460462 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified as promising compounds for consideration as novel antimicrobial agents. Objectives This study analyzed the efficacy of cecropin B against Haemophilus parasuis isolates through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments. Results Cecropin B exhibited broad inhibition activity against 15 standard Haemophilus parasuis (HPS) strains and 5 of the clinical isolates had minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) ranging from 2 to 16 μg/mL. Microelectrophoresis and hexadecane adsorption assays indicated that the more hydrophobic and the higher the isoelectric point (IEP) of the strain, the more sensitive it was to cecropin B. Through SEM, multiple blisters of various shapes and dents on the cell surface were observed. Protrusions and leakage were detected by AFM. Conclusions Based on the results, cecropin B could inhibit HPS via a pore-forming mechanism by interacting with the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria. Moreover, as cecropin B concentration increased, the bacteria membrane was more seriously damaged. Thus, cecropin B could be developed as an effective anti-HPS agent for use in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Hu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Changsheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Binzhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Nan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhonghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaozhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yang Wang
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Binlei Liu
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Qigai He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Yang Y, Chen F, Chen HY, Peng H, Hao H, Wang KJ. A Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Scyreprocin From Mud Crab Scylla paramamosain Showing Potent Antifungal and Anti-biofilm Activity. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1589. [PMID: 32849331 PMCID: PMC7396596 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are potential antibiotic alternatives. Marine crustaceans are thought to generate more powerful and various AMPs to protect themselves from infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms in their complex aquatic habitat, thus becoming one of the most promising sources of AMPs or other bioactive substances. In the study, a novel protein was identified as an interacting partner of male-specific AMP SCY2 in Scylla paramamosain and named scyreprocin. The recombinant product of scyreprocin (rScyreprocin) was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. rScyreprocin exerted potent, broad-spectrum antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-biofilm activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations from 0.5 to 32 μM) through differential modes of action, including disruption of cell membrane integrity and induction of cell apoptosis, and has rapid bactericidal (in 0.5–2 h) and fungicidal (in 8–10 h) kinetics. In addition to its fungicidal activity against planktonic fungi, rScyreprocin also prevented the adhesion of fungal cells, inhibited biofilm formation, and eradicated the mature biofilms. Moreover, rScyreprocin showed a profound inhibitory effect on spore germination of Aspergillus spp. (minimum inhibitory concentrations from 4 to 8 μM). This peptide was not cytotoxic to murine and mammalian cells and could increase the survival rate of Oryzias melastigma under the challenge of Vibrio harveyi. Taken together, the novel AMP scyreprocin would be a promising alternative to antibiotics used in aquaculture and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hui-Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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10
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Díaz-Roa A, Espinoza-Culupú A, Torres-García O, Borges MM, Avino IN, Alves FL, Miranda A, Patarroyo MA, da Silva PI, Bello FJ. Sarconesin II, a New Antimicrobial Peptide Isolated from Sarconesiopsis magellanica Excretions and Secretions. Molecules 2019; 24:E2077. [PMID: 31159162 PMCID: PMC6600161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is at dangerous levels and increasing worldwide. The search for new antimicrobial drugs to counteract this problem is a priority for health institutions and organizations, both globally and in individual countries. Sarconesiopsis magellanica blowfly larval excretions and secretions (ES) are an important source for isolating antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). This study aims to identify and characterize a new S. magellanica AMP. RP-HPLC was used to fractionate ES, using C18 columns, and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated. The peptide sequence of the fraction collected at 43.7 min was determined by mass spectrometry (MS). Fluorescence and electronic microscopy were used to evaluate the mechanism of action. Toxicity was tested on HeLa cells and human erythrocytes; physicochemical properties were evaluated. The molecule in the ES was characterized as sarconesin II and it showed activity against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli MG1655, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, P. aeruginosa PA14) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Micrococcus luteus A270) bacteria. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration obtained was 1.9 μM for M. luteus A270; the AMP had no toxicity in any cells tested here and its action in bacterial membrane and DNA was confirmed. Sarconesin II was documented as a conserved domain of the ATP synthase protein belonging to the Fli-1 superfamily. The data reported here indicated that peptides could be alternative therapeutic candidates for use in infections against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and eventually as a new resource of compounds for combating multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Díaz-Roa
- Special Laboratory for Applied Toxinology (LETA), Butantan Institute, São Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
- PhD Program in Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 111221, Colombia.
| | - Abraham Espinoza-Culupú
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Monamaris M Borges
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ivan N Avino
- Special Laboratory of Cell Cycle (LECC), Butantan Institute, São Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - Flávio L Alves
- Biophysics Department, UNIFESP, São Paulo CEP 04023-062, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Miranda
- Biophysics Department, UNIFESP, São Paulo CEP 04023-062, Brazil.
| | - Manuel A Patarroyo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá 111321, Colombia.
- Basic Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá 112111, Colombia.
| | - Pedro I da Silva
- Special Laboratory for Applied Toxinology (LETA), Butantan Institute, São Paulo CEP 05503-900, SP, Brazil.
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - Felio J Bello
- Faculty of Agricultural and Livestock Sciences, Veterinary Medicine Programme, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá 110141, Colombia.
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11
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Lyu Y, Fitriyanti M, Narsimhan G. Nucleation and growth of pores in 1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) / cholesterol bilayer by antimicrobial peptides melittin, its mutants and cecropin P1. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 173:121-127. [PMID: 30278360 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are one of the most promising alternatives to antibiotics for targeting pathogens without developing resistance. In this study, pore formation in 1,2-Dimyristoyl-snglycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) / cholesterol liposome induced by native melittin, its two mutant variants (G1I and I17 K), and cecropin P1 was investigated by monitoring the dynamics of fluorescence dye leakage. A critical peptide concentration was required for dye leakage with the rate of leakage being dependent on peptide concentration above a critical value. A lag time was required for dye leakage for low peptide concentrations that are above the critical value, which decreased at higher peptide concentrations eventually approaching zero. Lag time was found to be in the order I17 K mutant with lower hydrophobicity and higher net charge > G1I with higher hydrophobicity > melittin > cecropin P1. Cecropin P1 exhibited the highest rate of dye leakage followed by melittin, G1I, and I17 K. Size distribution and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of liposomes exposed to peptides of different concentrations indicated pore formation with accompanied stretching of liposomes at low peptide concentrations for both melittin and cecropin P1. At much higher concentrations, however, size distribution indicated three peaks for both peptides. In both cases, TEM images show that the middle and small peaks are shown to be due to stretched liposome and broken stretched liposome respectively. For melittin, the large peak is due to peptide aggregates as well as aggregates of liposome. For cecropin P1, however, the large peak indicates cecropin P1 aggregates with solubilized lipids thus suggesting carpet mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lyu
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Maya Fitriyanti
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Ganesan Narsimhan
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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12
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Chongsiriwatana NP, Lin JS, Kapoor R, Wetzler M, Rea JAC, Didwania MK, Contag CH, Barron AE. Intracellular biomass flocculation as a key mechanism of rapid bacterial killing by cationic, amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and peptoids. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16718. [PMID: 29196622 PMCID: PMC5711933 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16180-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many organisms rely on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as a first line of defense against pathogens. In general, most AMPs are thought to kill bacteria by binding to and disrupting cell membranes. However, certain AMPs instead appear to inhibit biomacromolecule synthesis, while causing less membrane damage. Despite an unclear understanding of mechanism(s), there is considerable interest in mimicking AMPs with stable, synthetic molecules. Antimicrobial N-substituted glycine (peptoid) oligomers ("ampetoids") are structural, functional and mechanistic analogs of helical, cationic AMPs, which offer broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and better therapeutic potential than peptides. Here, we show through quantitative studies of membrane permeabilization, electron microscopy, and soft X-ray tomography that both AMPs and ampetoids trigger extensive and rapid non-specific aggregation of intracellular biomacromolecules that correlates with microbial death. We present data demonstrating that ampetoids are "fast killers", which rapidly aggregate bacterial ribosomes in vitro and in vivo. We suggest intracellular biomass flocculation is a key mechanism of killing for cationic, amphipathic AMPs, which may explain why most AMPs require micromolar concentrations for activity, show significant selectivity for killing bacteria over mammalian cells, and finally, why development of resistance to AMPs is less prevalent than developed resistance to conventional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel P Chongsiriwatana
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
| | - Jennifer S Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Rinki Kapoor
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Modi Wetzler
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Jennifer A C Rea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
| | - Maruti K Didwania
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Christopher H Contag
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Pediatrics, and Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States.
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13
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Fang SL, Wang L, Fang Q, Chen C, Zhao XS, Qian C, Wei GQ, Zhu BJ, Liu CL. Characterization and functional study of a Cecropin-like peptide from the Chinese oak silkworm, Antheraea pernyi. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 94:e21368. [PMID: 28008655 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In present study, a Cecropin-like peptide from Antheraea pernyi (ApCec) was cloned and characterized. The full-length ApCec cDNA encoded a protein with 64 amino acids including a putative 22-amino-acid signal peptide, a 4-amino-acid propeptide, and a 38-amino-acid mature peptide. ApCec gene was highly expressed in Malpighian tubules of A. pernyi after induction for 24 h by Escherichia coli in PBS. Pro-ApCec (including propeptide and mature peptide) and M-ApCec (just mature peptide) were synthesized chemically and analyzed by HPLC and mass spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity of M-ApCec is more potent than pro-ApCec against E. coli K12 or B. subtilus in both minimum inhibitory concentration and inhibition zone assays. Hemolytic assay results showed M-ApCec possessed a low cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. The secondary structure of M-ApCec forms α-helical structure, shown by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy analysis suggested that M-ApCec killed bacteria by disrupting bacterial cell membrane integrity. Our results indicate ApCec may play an important role in defending from pathogenic bacteria in A. pernyi, and it may be as a potential candidate for applications in antibacterial drug development and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Liang Fang
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-San Zhao
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cen Qian
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Guo-Qing Wei
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bao-Jian Zhu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chao-Liang Liu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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14
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Barreto-Santamaría A, Curtidor H, Arévalo-Pinzón G, Herrera C, Suárez D, Pérez WH, Patarroyo ME. A New Synthetic Peptide Having Two Target of Antibacterial Action in E. coli ML35. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:2006. [PMID: 28066341 PMCID: PMC5167725 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased resistance of microorganisms to the different antimicrobials available to today has highlighted the need to find new therapeutic agents, including natural and/or synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). This study has evaluated the antimicrobial activity of synthetic peptide 35409 (RYRRKKKMKKALQYIKLLKE) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 and Escherichia coli ML 35 (ATCC 43827). The results have shown that peptide 35409 inhibited the growth of these three bacterial strains, having 16-fold greater activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, but requiring less concentration regarding E. coli (22 μM). When analyzing this activity against E. coli compared to time taken, it was found that this peptide inhibited bacterial growth during the first 60 min and reduced CFU/mL 1 log after 120 min had elapsed. This AMP permeabilized the E. coli membrane by interaction with membrane phospholipids, mainly phosphatidylethanolamine, inhibited cell division and induced filamentation, suggesting two different targets of action within a bacterial cell. Cytotoxicity studies revealed that peptide 35409 had low hemolytic activity and was not cytotoxic for two human cell lines. We would thus propose, in the light of these findings, that the peptide 35409 sequence should provide a promising template for designing broad-spectrum AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Barreto-Santamaría
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; Faculty of Sciences and Education, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de CaldasBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Hernando Curtidor
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Gabriela Arévalo-Pinzón
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Chonny Herrera
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana Suárez
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine and Health sciences, Universidad del RosarioBogotá, Colombia
| | - Walter H Pérez
- Escuela Colombiana de Carreras Industriales Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel E Patarroyo
- Receptor-Ligand Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotá, Colombia
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15
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Alharbi NS, Khaled JM, Alzaharni KE, Mothana RA, Alsaid MS, Alhoshan M, Dass LA, Kadaikunnan S, Alobaidi AS. Effects of Piper cubeba L. essential oil on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: an AFM and TEM study. J Mol Recognit 2016; 30. [PMID: 27594436 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is creating a real challenge for health care systems worldwide, making the development of novel antibiotics a necessity. In addition to the development of new antibiotics, there is an urgent need for in-depth characterization of the mechanisms of bacterial resistance toward new drugs. Here, we used essential oils extracted in our laboratory from Piper cubeba against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, one of the most prominent antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Effects of the essential oils extracted from P cubeba on bacteria were mainly evaluated using 2 powerful microscopy techniques: atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. High-resolution atomic force microscopy images of the cells were obtained close to their native environment by immobilizing the cells on porous Polyether sulfone membranes, which were prepared in our laboratory with a wide range and distribution of pore sizes and depth. Inhibition zones (mm) and minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined. Two different concentrations of the oil were used to treat the cells: 50 μg/mL minimum inhibitory concentration and 25 μg/mL. The 50 μg/mL oil solution caused severe damage to the bacterial cells at microscopic levels while the 25 μg/mL solution showed no effects compared to the control. However, at nanoscopic levels, the 25 μg/mL oil solution caused significant changes in the cell wall, which could potentially impair bacterial activities. These results were also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy micrographs. Our results indicate that the extract has a good biological activity against methicillin- and oxacillin-resistant S aureus and that it acts on the cell wall and plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyf S Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal M Khaled
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Khalid E Alzaharni
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramzi A Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour S Alsaid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Alhoshan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shine Kadaikunnan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S Alobaidi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Interaction of Cecropin B with Zwitterionic and Negatively Charged Lipid Bilayers Immobilized at Gold Electrode Surface. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Yu W, Gao XJ, Liu Y, Wang Q. Fusion expression of cecropin B-like antibacterial peptide in Pichia GS115 and its antibacterial mechanism. Biotechnol Lett 2015; 38:305-12. [PMID: 26494559 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-015-1978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To establish an efficient expression system for a fusion protein of glutathione S-transferase and cecropin B (GST-CB) and to clarify the antibacterial mechanism of CB. RESULTS The optimal incubation time and methanol concentration for induced expression of CB were 36 h and 1 % w/v, respectively. The yield of GST-CB was 2.2 g/l. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of GST-CB towards Staphylococcus aureus subsp. saprophyticus (ATCC 15305) and Escherichia coli strain CFT073 were 250 and 125 μg/ml, respectively. Notably, mutations of proline 24 (P24) in CB produced a polypeptide without antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSION The fusion protein GST-CB, which has a broad spectrum antimicrobial activity, can be abundantly expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115, and P24 may be an important amino acid for the antimicrobial activity of GST-CB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xue Jun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China
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18
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Chen F, Hu H, Li Z, Huang J, Cai X, Wang C, He Q, Cao J. Deletion of HAPS_2096 Increases Sensitivity to Cecropin B in Haemophilus parasuis. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 25:284-91. [PMID: 26304836 DOI: 10.1159/000434752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cecropin B (CB) is a very effective natural antimicrobial peptide that has shown great potential for future antimicrobial drug development. HAPS_2096 is a Haemophilus parasuis gene that encodes the periplasmic substrate-binding protein of an ATP-binding cassette-type amino acid transporter. In this research, we constructed and verified an HAPS_2096 deletion mutant and a complementary HAPS_2096 mutant of H. parasuis JS0135. A bactericidal assay revealed that the HAPS_2096 deletion mutant was significantly more sensitive than the wild-type strain to 0.25-0.5 µg/ml CB. However, the gene complementation alleviated the CB sensitivity of the mutant. Immunoelectron microscopy observation following a 30-min treatment with a sublethal concentration of CB (0.25 μg/ml) revealed more extensive morphological damage in the mutant strain than in the wild-type strain. Hence, our results suggest that the HAPS_2096 gene contributes to H. parasuis resistance to CB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjie Chen
- Division of Animal Infectious Disease, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan, PR China
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19
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Tassanakajon A, Somboonwiwat K, Amparyup P. Sequence diversity and evolution of antimicrobial peptides in invertebrates. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 48:324-341. [PMID: 24950415 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are evolutionarily ancient molecules that act as the key components in the invertebrate innate immunity against invading pathogens. Several AMPs have been identified and characterized in invertebrates, and found to display considerable diversity in their amino acid sequence, structure and biological activity. AMP genes appear to have rapidly evolved, which might have arisen from the co-evolutionary arms race between host and pathogens, and enabled organisms to survive in different microbial environments. Here, the sequence diversity of invertebrate AMPs (defensins, cecropins, crustins and anti-lipopolysaccharide factors) are presented to provide a better understanding of the evolution pattern of these peptides that play a major role in host defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Piti Amparyup
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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20
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Wang ZZ, Shi M, Zhao W, Bian QL, Ye GY, Chen XX. Identification and characterization of defensin genes from the endoparasitoid wasp Cotesia vestalis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 59:1095-1103. [PMID: 24013003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Defensins are members of a large and diverse family of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) containing three or four intramolecular disulfide bonds. They are widely distributed from vertebrates to invertebrates, and serve as critical defense molecules protecting the host from the invasion of pathogens or protozoan parasites. Cotesia vestalis is a small endoparasitoid wasp that lays eggs in larvae of Plutella xylostella, a cosmopolitan pest of cruciferous crops. We identified and characterized three full-length cDNAs encoding putative defensin-like peptides from C. vestalis, named CvDef1, CvDef2 and CvDef3. Phylogenetic analyses of these sequences showed that they are present in two clades, CITDs and PITDs, indicating a diversity of defensins in C. vestalis. We analyzed their expression patterns in larvae, pupae and adults by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that CvDef1 mRNA was expressed from the end stage of the second instar larva, CvDef3 mRNA from the early stage of the second instar larva, and CvDef2 mRNA was expressed in all developmental stages of C. vestalis. Furthermore, CvDef1 showed antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Growth kinetics of Staphylococcus aureus indicated that CvDef1 had much better antimicrobial ability than ampicillin, making it a potential candidate for practical use. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination of CvDef1-treated S. aureus cells showed extensive damage to the cell membranes. Our results revealed the basic properties of three defensins in C. vestalis for the first time, which may pave the way for further study of the functions of defensins in parasitism and innate immunity of C. vestalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhi Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Xu D, Yang W, Hu Y, Luo Z, Li J, Hou Y, Liu Y, Cai K. Surface functionalization of titanium substrates with cecropin B to improve their cytocompatibility and reduce inflammation responses. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 110:225-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hu H, Wang C, Guo X, Li W, Wang Y, He Q. Broad activity against porcine bacterial pathogens displayed by two insect antimicrobial peptides moricin and cecropin B. Mol Cells 2013; 35:106-14. [PMID: 23456332 PMCID: PMC3887904 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-2132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to infection, insects produce a variety of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to kill the invading pathogens. To study their physicochemical properties and bioactivities for clinical and commercial use in the porcine industry, we chemically synthesized the mature peptides Bombyx mori moricin and Hyalophora cecropia cecropin B. In this paper, we described the antimicrobial activity of the two AMPs. Moricin exhibited antimicrobial activity on eight strains tested with minimal inhibitory concentration values (MICs) ranging between 8 and 128 μg/ml, while cecropin B mainly showed antimicrobial activity against the Gramnegative strains with MICs ranging from 0.5 to 16 μg/ml. Compared to the potent antimicrobial activity these two AMPs displayed against most of the bacterial pathogens tested, they exhibited limited hemolytic activity against porcine red blood cells. The activities of moricin and cecropin B against Haemophilus parasuis SH 0165 were studied in further detail. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of moricin and cecropin B treated H. parasuis SH 0165 indicated extensive damage to the membranes of the bacteria. Insights into the probable mechanism utilized by moricin and cecropin B to eliminate pathogens are also presented. The observations from this study are important for the future application of AMPs in the porcine industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Division of Animal Infectious Disease, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei,
China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Division of Animal Infectious Disease, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei,
China
| | - Xiaozhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Division of Animal Infectious Disease, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei,
China
| | - Wentao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Division of Animal Infectious Disease, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei,
China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Division of Animal Infectious Disease, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei,
China
| | - Qigai He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Division of Animal Infectious Disease, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei,
China
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Darabpour E, Roayaei Ardakani M, Motamedi H, Taghi Ronagh M. Isolation of a potent antibiotic producer bacterium, especially against MRSA, from northern region of the Persian Gulf. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2012; 12:108-21. [PMID: 22642595 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2012.2509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, emergence and prevalence of MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) strain have become a great global concern in 21st century, so, it is necessary to discover new antibiotics against this pathogen. The aim of this study was isolation and evaluation marine bacteria from the Persian Gulf in order to finding antibiotic compounds against some pathogenic bacteria. For this purpose, water and sediment samples were collected from the Persian Gulf during March to October 2009. The antibacterial activity of the isolated bacteria was assessed using disc diffusion method. The Growth Curve Interference (GCI) parameter against MRSA was determined for the high potential antibiotic producing strain. The most important factors affecting fermentation conditions in antibiotic production were also optimized. Definite identification of intended isolate was confirmed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Altogether, 51 bacterial colony was isolated and among them only 3 bacterium showed antibacterial activity. Pseudoalteromonas piscicida PG-01 isolated from a sediment sample was chosen as the best antibiotic producing strain. This strain was effective against all tested Gram-positive bacteria, had good anti-MRSA activity and also GCI value against MRSA was two times lower than MIC value. Among the optimized fermentation parameters, carbon and nitrogen sources play major role in efficacy of optimized antibiotic production. Ultrastructural study on the effect of intended antibiotic compounds on MRSA using TEM revealed that the target site for this compound is cell wall. Considering the antibacterial effect of PG-01 strain especially against MRSA, intended antibiotic compounds can gives hope for treatment of diseases caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Darabpour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Shen X, Ye G, Cheng X, Yu C, Yao H, Hu C. Novel antimicrobial peptides identified from an endoparasitic wasp cDNA library. J Pept Sci 2010; 16:58-64. [PMID: 19950104 DOI: 10.1002/psc.1195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We screened an endoparasitic wasp (Pteromalus puparum) cDNA library for DNA sequences having antimicrobial activity using a vital dye exclusion assay. Two dozens of clones were isolated that inhibited the growth of host Escherichia coli cells due to expression of the cloned genes. Three peptides (PP13, PP102 and PP113) were synthesized chemically based on the amino acid sequences deduced from these clones and assayed for their antimicrobial activity. These peptides have net positive charges and are active against both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria, but are not active against fungi tested. Their hemolytic activity on human red blood cells was measured, and no hemolytic activity was observed after 1-h incubation at a concentration of 62.5 microM or below. A Blast search indicated that the three peptides have not been previously characterized as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Salt-dependency studies revealed that the biocidal activity of these peptides against E. coli decreased with increasing concentration of NaCl. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination of PP13-treated E. coli cells showed extensive damage of cell membranes. The CD spectroscopy studies noted that the enhanced alpha-helical characteristics of PP13 strongly contribute to its higher antimicrobial properties. These results demonstrate the feasibility to identify novel AMPs by screening the expressional cDNA library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China
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Expression of a synthesized gene encoding cationic peptide cecropin B in transgenic tomato plants protects against bacterial diseases. Appl Environ Microbiol 2009; 76:769-75. [PMID: 19966019 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00698-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cationic lytic peptide cecropin B (CB), isolated from the giant silk moth (Hyalophora cecropia), has been shown to effectively eliminate Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, the effects of chemically synthesized CB on plant pathogens were investigated. The S(50)s (the peptide concentrations causing 50% survival of a pathogenic bacterium) of CB against two major pathogens of the tomato, Ralstonia solanacearum and Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, were 529.6 microg/ml and 0.29 microg/ml, respectively. The CB gene was then fused to the secretory signal peptide (sp) sequence from the barley alpha-amylase gene, and the new construct, pBI121-spCB, was used for the transformation of tomato plants. Integration of the CB gene into the tomato genome was confirmed by PCR, and its expression was confirmed by Western blot analyses. In vivo studies of the transgenic tomato plant demonstrated significant resistance to bacterial wilt and bacterial spot. The levels of CB expressed in transgenic tomato plants ( approximately 0.05 microg in 50 mg of leaves) were far lower than the S(50) determined in vitro. CB transgenic tomatoes could therefore be a new mode of bioprotection against these two plant diseases with significant agricultural applications.
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Park Y, Park SC, Park HK, Shin SY, Kim Y, Hahm KS. Structure-activity relationship of HP (2-20) analog peptide: enhanced antimicrobial activity by N-terminal random coil region deletion. Biopolymers 2007; 88:199-207. [PMID: 17216635 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
HP (2-20) (AKKVFKRLEKLFSKIQNDK) is a 19-aa antimicrobial peptide derived from N-terminus of Helicobacter pylori Ribosomal protein L1 (RpL1). In the previous study, several analogs with amino acid substitutions were designed to increase or decrease only the net hydrophobicity. In particular, substitutions of Gln(16) and Asp(18) with Trp (Anal 3) for hydrophobic amino acid caused a dramatic increase in antibiotic activity without a hemolytic effect. HP-A3 is a potent antimicrobial peptide that forms, in a hydrophobic medium, an amphipathic structure consisting of an N-terminal random coil region (residues 2-5) and extended C-terminal regular alpha-helical region (residues 6-20). To obtain the short and potent alpha-helical antimicrobial peptide, we synthesized a N-terminal random coil deleted HP-A3 (A3-NT) and examined their antimicrobial activity and mechanism of action. The resulting 15mer peptide showed increased antibacterial and antifungal activity to 2- and 4-fold, respectively, without hemolysis. Confocal fluorescence microscopy studies showed that A3-NT was accumulated in the plasma membrane. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that A3-NT acted in salt- and energy-independent manner. Furthermore, A3-NT causes significant morphological alterations of the bacterial surfaces as shown by scanning electron microscopy. Circular dichroism (CD) analysis revealed that A3-NT showed higher alpha-helical contents than the HP-A3 peptide in 50% TFE solution. Therefore, the cell-lytic efficiency of HP-A3, which depended on the alpha-helical content of peptide, correlated linearly with their antimicrobial potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonkyung Park
- Research Center for Proteineous Materials, Chosun University, Kwangju, Korea
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Pan CY, Chao TT, Chen JC, Chen JY, Liu WC, Lin CH, Kuo CM. Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) anti-lipopolysaccharide factor reduces the lethality of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:687-700. [PMID: 17386416 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2006] [Revised: 01/08/2007] [Accepted: 01/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the efficacy of amino acids 55-76 of the synthetic shrimp anti-lipopolysaccharide factor peptide (SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide), the C-terminal part of the shrimp anti-lipopolysaccharide factor. This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of the antiseptic action of this peptide. The SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide was tested against bacterial clinical isolates and showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination of SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide-treated Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that severe swelling preceded cell death and breakage of the outer membrane; the intracellular inclusion was found to have effluxed extracellularly. When mice were treated with the SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide before bacterial challenge with P. aeruginosa, the peptide highly protected mice against death by sepsis. The P. aeruginosa recovered from SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide-treated mice after 4 h exhibited reduced bacterial growth similar to that recovered from vancomycin-treated mice. In addition, the syntheses of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, were significantly upregulated 4 h after SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide treatment except for IL-4 in the liver. The expressions of Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4), Irf3, myd88, and Tram, were considerably elevated, but only Tlr4 existed in the spleen 4 h after SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide treatment. The prophylactic administration of SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide was begun the TNF-alpha response in comparison to untreated mice by an ELISA analysis. Due to its multifunctional properties, the SALF(55-76) cyclic peptide may become an important prophylaxis against and therapy for bacterial infectious diseases, as well as for septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Pan
- Marine Research Station, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 23-10 Dahuen Road, Jiaushi, Ilan 262, Taiwan
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van der Kraan MIA, van Marle J, Nazmi K, Groenink J, van 't Hof W, Veerman ECI, Bolscher JGM, Nieuw Amerongen AV. Ultrastructural effects of antimicrobial peptides from bovine lactoferrin on the membranes of Candida albicans and Escherichia coli. Peptides 2005; 26:1537-42. [PMID: 16112390 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2005.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2004] [Revised: 02/11/2005] [Accepted: 02/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides allegedly exert their action on microbial membranes. Bovine lactoferrin enfold two antimicrobial domains, lactoferricin B (LFcin B) and lactoferrampin (LFampin). Effects of representative peptides thereof on the membranes of Candida albicans and Escherichia coli were investigated. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that these peptides were internalized within a few minutes, concurrently with disrupting membrane integrity as indicated by freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy. The most striking findings were induction of distinct vesicle-like structures in the membrane of C. albicans by the LFampin peptide, and detachment of the outer membrane and surface protrusions in E. coli by the LFcin B peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke I A van der Kraan
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit and Universiteit van Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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