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Dai J, Liu M, Di Giulio A, Sabatelli S, Wang W, Audisio P. The First Two Complete Mitochondrial Genomes for the Subfamily Meligethinae (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and Implications for the Higher Phylogeny of Nitidulidae. INSECTS 2024; 15:57. [PMID: 38249063 PMCID: PMC10816600 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The phylogenetic status of the family Nitidulidae and its sister group relationship remain controversial. Also, the status of the subfamily Meligethinae is not fully understood, and previous studies have been mainly based on morphology, molecular fragments, and biological habits, rather than the analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome. Up to now, there has been no complete mitochondrial genome report of Meligethinae. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of Meligethinus tschungseni and Brassicogethes affinis (both from China) were provided, and they were compared with the existing complete mitochondrial genomes of Nitidulidae. The phylogenetic analysis among 20 species of Coleoptera was reconstructed via PhyloBayes analysis and Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis, respectively. The results showed that the full lengths of Meligethinus tschungseni and Brassicogethes affinis were 15,783 bp and 16,622 bp, and the AT contents were 77% and 76.7%, respectively. Each complete mitochondrial genome contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and a control region (A + T-rich region). All the PCGs begin with the standard start codon ATN (ATA, ATT, ATG, ATC). All the PCGs terminate with a complete terminal codon, TAA or TAG, except cox1, cox2, nad4, and nad5, which terminate with a single T. Furthermore, all the tRNAs have a typical clover-leaf secondary structure except trnS1, whose DHU arm is missing in both species. The two newly sequenced species have different numbers and lengths of tandem repeat regions in their control regions. Based on the genetic distance and Ka/Ks analysis, nad6 showed a higher variability and faster evolutionary rate. Based on the available complete mitochondrial genomes, the results showed that the four subfamilies (Nitidulinae, Meligethinae, Carpophilinae, Epuraeinae) of Nitidulidae formed a monophyletic group and further supported the sister group relationship of Nitidulidae + Kateretidae. In addition, the taxonomic status of Meligethinae and the sister group relationship between Meligethinae and Nitidulinae (the latter as currently circumscribed) were also preliminarily explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Dai
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
| | - Meike Liu
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
| | - Andrea Di Giulio
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Viale Guglielmo Marconi, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Simone Sabatelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (P.A.)
| | - Wenkai Wang
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China;
| | - Paolo Audisio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.S.); (P.A.)
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Wang K, Lu Y, Bai M, Sun Y, Hao Y. The Microscopic Morphology of Mouthparts and Their Sensilla in the Mycophagous Ladybeetle Illeis chinensis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). INSECTS 2024; 15:46. [PMID: 38249052 PMCID: PMC10816638 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The morphological diversity of insect mouthparts is closely related to changes in food sources and diets. Research into the structures of insect mouthparts may help to establish a fundamental basis for a better understanding of insect feeding mechanisms. In this study, we examined the fine morphology of the mouthparts of Illeis chinensis using scanning electron microscopy. We paid particular attention to the types, quantities, and distribution of sensilla on the mouthparts. Our results showed that the basic components of the mouthparts of I. chinensis are the same as those in other lady beetles, i.e., the labrum, mandible, maxillae, labium, and hypopharynx. We also found structural specialization indicating adaptation to fungal feeding. On the mouthparts, there are eight kinds of sensilla and two kinds of glandular structures, including sensilla chaetica, sensilla basiconica, sensilla styloconica, sensilla coeloconica, sensilla campaniformia, sensilla placodea, sensilla digitiformia, Böhm bristles, perforated plates, and cuticular pores. This is the first time that sensilla digitiformia has been reported in ladybirds. Finally, variations in mouthparts among ladybirds with differing diets, as well as the putative functions of each of the mouthparts and sensilla, were discussed. This research can provide a reference for understanding the functions of the mouthparts in ladybird feeding behavior and thereby contribute to the development of precise insect behavior regulation and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China; (Y.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Ming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China; (Y.L.); (M.B.)
- Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yuanxing Sun
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.W.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yanan Hao
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (K.W.); (Y.S.)
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Hu G, Liu C, Zhang R, Li L, Shao S, Zhang R, Gao Y, Guo Y, Yang Y, Wang Y, Tao L. Differences in three instars of four carrion nitidulids (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae, Nitidula and Omosita) revealed using SEM. ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT 2024; 78:101317. [PMID: 38113686 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2023.101317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The genera Omosita and Nitidula from the family Nitidulidae, are often reported to be associated with rotten animal carcasses. However, morphological descriptions of their larval stages are limited and are usually only from the third instar larvae, which does not provide enough systematic data. In this study, the overall structure of three instar larvae from the four Nitidulidae species was compared using optical microscopy, and the resolution was not satisfactory. To compensate, a large number of structures and organs were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that the number and distribution of chaetotaxy in different parts, including the macrosetae, setae, and microtrichia, have important identification values between the genera, species, and even instars. We also discuss the possible role of microtrichia in the biology of Nitidulidae larvae. Additionally, we described the number and types of sensilla in three sensory organs, and the morphologic parameters of the head capsule and urogomphi as determined by SEM images, are provided. An identification key with application value for storage products and forensic entomology was also compiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengwang Hu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China; Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Runze Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Liangliang Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Shipeng Shao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Ruonan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Yundi Gao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Ya Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China; Institute of Forensic Sciences, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
| | - Luyang Tao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, 215000, China.
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Chiba Y, Yosano S, Hori M. Chemosensory input from mouthparts in response to sexually dimorphic cuticular wax mediates male sexual discrimination in Galerucella grisescens (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Sci Rep 2023; 13:21754. [PMID: 38066196 PMCID: PMC10709455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The surface of the insect body is covered with a hydrophobic layer called cuticular wax (CW). In addition to functioning as an anti-desiccation agent, CW is critical for chemical communication. It has been reported that in Chrysomelidae, males discriminate between sexes based on the sex-specific CW. However, little is known regarding the underlying sensory basis. Herein, we demonstrate that chemosensory input from mouthparts mediates sexual discrimination in male Galerucella grisescens (Chrysomelidae). Observations of mating behaviour, bioassays for CW, and chemical analyses revealed that G. grisescens possess qualitatively sexually dimorphic CW, and such compositional differences allow males to distinguish between sexes. Using electron microscopy, blocking male chemosensory organs, and electrophysiological experiments, we showed that male mouthparts bear chemosensory sensilla tuned to female CW components, and sensory input from them induces male aedeagal insertion, a common male behavioural response to females. Thus, detecting CW via mouthparts is essential for males to distinguish between sexes, consistent with the fact that males inspect conspecific individuals by licking their body surfaces. To our best knowledge, this is the first report describing the detailed functional roles of mouthparts in sexual discrimination in Coleoptera. We believe that this study will promote further studies on insect chemical communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Chiba
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Shun Yosano
- Institute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8666, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hori
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8572, Japan.
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Hu G, Li L, Guo Y, Kang C, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Wang J, Wang Y. Temperature-Dependent Development of Nitidula rufipes (Linnaeus, 1767) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) and Its Significance in Estimating Minimum Postmortem Interval. INSECTS 2023; 14:299. [PMID: 36975984 PMCID: PMC10058101 DOI: 10.3390/insects14030299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Coleoptera, including the family Nitidulidae, are valuable for estimating long-term postmortem intervals in the late stage of body decomposition. This study showed that, under seven constant temperatures of 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, and 34 °C, the developmental durations of Nitidula rufipes (Linnaeus, 1767) from oviposition to eclosion were 71.0 ± 4.4, 52.9 ± 4.1, 40.1 ± 3.4, 30.1 ± 2.1, 24.2 ± 2.0, 21.0 ±2.3, and 20.8 ± 2.4 days, respectively. The morphological indexes of body length, the widths of the head capsules, and the distance between the urogomphi of the larvae were measured in vivo. The regression model between larval body length and developmental durations was simulated for larval aging, and the head capsule width and the distance between the urogomphi at different instars were cluster-analyzed for instar discrimination. Based on the developmental durations, larval body length and thermal summation data were obtained, and the isomorphen diagram, isomegalen diagram, linear thermal summation models, and curvilinear Optim SSI models were established. The lower developmental threshold and thermal summation constant of N. rufipes evaluated by the linear thermal summation models were 9.65 ± 0.62 °C and 471.40 ± 25.46 degree days, respectively. The lower developmental thresholds, intrinsic optimum temperature, and upper lethal developmental threshold obtained by Optim SSI models were 10.12, 24.15, and 36.00 °C, respectively. The study of the immature stages of N. rufipes can provide preliminary basic developmental data for the estimation of minimum postmortem interval (PMImin). However, more extensive studies are needed on the effects of constant and fluctuating temperatures on the development of N. rufipes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yu Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-155-2114-3385
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Wang J, Liu P, Wang J, Luan Q, Jiang X, Cao C. Morphology and Distribution of Antennal Sensilla in an Egg Parasitoid Wasp, Anastatus disparis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2022; 22:6. [PMID: 36469364 PMCID: PMC9721342 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The wasp Anastatus disparis is an egg endoparasitoid of a number of Lepidopteran pest species. To better understand the A. disparis olfactory system, we observed the antennal sensilla of males and females under a scanning electron microscope and quantified their sizes and morphological characteristics. We identified the types of sensilla and counted the numbers and locations of the different types on the dorsal and ventral antennal surfaces. The antennae of A. disparis are geniculate, with flagella that comprise 11 subsegments in females and eight in males. The mean antenna length was 1324.10 ± 52.50 μm in females and 1323.93 ± 65.20 μm in males. Ten sensillum types were identified in both sexes: Böhm bristles (BBs), sensilla trichodea (ST, with subtypes STI and STII), sensilla chaetica (SCh), sensilla basiconica (SB, with subtypes SBI and SBII), sensilla placodea (SP), sensilla coeleoconica (SCo), sensilla grooved peg (SGP), sensilla auricillica (SAu), sensilla campaniformia (SCa), and glandular pores (GPs). The total numbers of BBs, STI, SBII, SCa, SCo, and GPs did not differ significantly between the sexes, whereas the total numbers of SCh, SBI, and SAu were significantly greater in females, and those of STII, SP, and SGP were significantly lower. The types, number, and density of antennal sensilla increased from the base to the end. The possible functions of these sensilla in host-detection behavior are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jianguo Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, Liaoning Academy of Forest Sciences, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Qingshu Luan
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, Liaoning Academy of Forest Sciences, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Protection, Liaoning Academy of Forest Sciences, Shenyang 110032, China
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Li Q, Chen L, Liu M, Wang W, Sabatelli S, Di Giulio A, Audisio P. Scanning Electron Microscope Study of Antennae and Mouthparts in the Pollen-Beetle Meligethes ( Odonthogethes) chinensis (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Meligethinae). INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12070659. [PMID: 34357319 PMCID: PMC8304583 DOI: 10.3390/insects12070659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The present paper is aimed to further explore the structure of the antennae and mouthparts of specialized beetle species living on flowers, as well as the functions of their associated sensilla. In this study, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe and describe for the first time the fine morphology of sensilla on the antennae and mouthparts of the pollen-beetle Meligethes (Odonthogethes) chinensis, a common Chinese species associated with flowers of Rosaceae. The results show that there are six types and twelve subtypes of sensilla on male antennae; seven types and fourteen subtypes on female antennae; seven types and seventeen subtypes on male mouthparts; seven types and sixteen subtypes on female mouthparts. The sensilla on the antennae and mouthparts of Meligethinae that feed on pollen were finally compared with similar sensilla known to occur in other insects, in order to obtain more insights on the evolution of these sensorial structures in specialized flower-inhabiting insects. Abstract Meligethes (Odonthogethes) chinensis is a common Chinese phytophagous species in the family Nitidulidae. Its main larval host plant is Rubus idaeus L. (Rosaceae), and adults feed on pollen and other floral parts. In this study, we used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe and study the fine morphology of sensilla on the antennae and mouthparts of M. chinensis. The results show that there are six types and twelve subtypes of sensilla on male antennae; seven types and fourteen subtypes on female antennae; seven types and seventeen subtypes on male mouthparts; seven types and sixteen subtypes on female mouthparts. Sensilla coeloconica (SCo) are found on the female antennae of M. chinensis only, and they are also reported on the antennae of Nitidulidae for the first time. SCo2 on the labrum present sexual dimorphism, and one subtype of sensilla basiconica (SB6) is presented on the tip of maxillary and labial palps of the male only, while other types of sensilla are very similar on the mouthparts of male and female. Finally, by comparing similar sensilla in other insects, we also attempted to discuss the functions of all sensilla on the antennae and mouthparts of M. chinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihang Li
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Q.L.); (L.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Longyan Chen
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Q.L.); (L.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Meike Liu
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Q.L.); (L.C.); (W.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Wenkai Wang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Q.L.); (L.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Simone Sabatelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza Rome University, Viale dell’Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrea Di Giulio
- Department of Science—L.I.M.E., University of Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paolo Audisio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza Rome University, Viale dell’Università 32, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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Xu W, Wang Y, Wang M, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang J. Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Omosita colon (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2021; 6:1547-1553. [PMID: 33969215 PMCID: PMC8078925 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1915201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Omosita colon (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is an economically important storage pest worldwide and a forensically important beetle. The first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of O. colon was sequenced in this study using the next-generation sequencing. The mitogenome of O. colon is circular with a total length of 16,544 bp, which consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and a non-coding control region. The order and orientation of genes were identical with that of the ancestral insects. This study provides genomic data for mitogenome library of the genus Omosita to investigate evolutionary and systematic studies. It also provides a molecular basis to infer the postmortem interval (PMImin) with O. colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Jiangfeng Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
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Shi X, Zhang SF, Liu F, Zhang Z, Xu FY, Yin SY, Kong XB. Sensilla on antennae and mouthparts of adult spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:1484-1497. [PMID: 33470484 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, is an invasive forest pest that occurs across Eurasia. To further understand the mechanism of insect-host chemical communication and the feeding choices of adult I. typographus, we examined the sensilla on the antennae and mouthparts of I. typographus using scanning electron microscopy. No sexual dimorphism in sensilla type or distribution was observed. Ten subtypes of antennal sensilla were identified: sensilla trichodea Types I-III (TR1 , TR2 , and TR3 ); sensilla chaetica Types I and II (CH1 and CH2 ); sensilla basiconica Types I-III (BA1 , BA2 , and BA3 ); sensilla coeloconica (CO); and Böhm sensilla (BS). BA2 were the most abundant among the antennal sensilla in both sexes. Thirteen mouthpart sensilla subtypes were observed: sensilla trichodea Types I-IV (TR1 , TR2 , TR3 , and TR4 ); sensilla chaetica Types I-III (CH1 , CH2 , and CH3 ); sensilla digitiformia (DI); sensilla basiconica Types I-II (BA1 and BA2 ); and sensilla styloconica Types I-III (ST1 , ST2 , and ST3 ). Among these, TR4 were the most abundant in both sexes. The apex of each maxillary and labial palp carried the same sensilla (BA2 , ST1 , ST2 , and ST3 ), although the apex of the maxillary palp contained more total sensilla. The functional roles of each sensilla type are discussed based on their external structure and distribution. The results provide a theoretical basis for further studies on the olfactory and feeding behaviors and electrophysiology of adult I. typographus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Shi
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Fu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Ying Xu
- Zhashui County Forest Products Industry Development Center, Shangluo, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shu-Yan Yin
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang-Bo Kong
- Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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Abd El-Ghany NM, Abd El-Aziz SE. Morphology of antennae and mouthpart sensillae in Lasioderma serricorne (fabricius) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae). JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2021; 90:101754. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2020.101754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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SEM analysis of sensilla on the mouthparts and antennae of Asian larch bark beetle Ips subelongatus. Micron 2020; 140:102976. [PMID: 33221524 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2020.102976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Asian larch bark beetle, Ips subelongatus, is a severe pest of larches in Northeastern China. The gustatory and olfactory systems of I. subelongatus play important roles in host location, mating, and feeding. In this study, we examined the types, distributions, and abundances of various sensilla associated with the mouthparts and antennae of I. subelongatus using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). On the mouthparts, five types of sensilla are present: sensilla trichodea (S.t.1-3), sensilla chaetica (S.c.1-3), sensilla basiconica (S.b.1-2), sensilla twig basiconica (S.tb.1-3), and sensilla placodea (S.p). S.t.3 are the most abundant sensilla subtype on the mouthparts in both sexes, while S.b.1 are the least abundant. Most sensilla on the mouthparts are located on the maxillae and labium, and the apex of each maxillary and labial palp carry the same sensilla subtypes (S.b.2 and S.tb.1-3). However, the total number of sensilla on the apex of each maxillary palp is higher than that on the labial palp. On the antennae, five types of sensilla are present: sensilla trichodea (S.t.1-3), sensilla chaetica (S.c.1-2), sensilla basiconica (S.b.1-3), Böhm bristles (B.b), and sensilla coeloconica (S.co). Antennal sensilla are mostly situated on the anterior surface of the antennal club, particularly on the two dense sensory bands. S.b.1 are the most abundant sensilla subtype on the antennae in both sexes, while S.t.1 are the least abundant. No sexual dimorphism in sensilla type or distribution on the mouthparts or antennae is observed between the sexes of I. subelongatus. However, S.t.3 (on mouthparts) and S.c.1 (on antennae) were significantly more abundant in males than in females, while more S.t.1 (on mouthparts) were observed in females than in males. Finally, the putative functions of each kind of sensilla with respect to their fine structures, distributions, and abundances on the mouthparts and antennae are discussed.
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Shi X, Shen JC, Zhang SF, Liu F, Xu FY, Wang GL, Zhang Z, Kong XB. Comparative analysis of the type and number of larval sensilla on the antennae and mouthparts of Ips typographus and Ips subelongatus using SEM. ZOOL ANZ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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First description and comparison of the morphological and ultramicro characteristics of the antennal sensilla of two fir longhorn beetles. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241115. [PMID: 33125380 PMCID: PMC7598455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Allotraeus asiaticus Schwarzer and Callidiellum villosulum Fairmaire are repeatedly intercepted in wood and wood products all over the world. As two common stem borers of Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lambert) Hooker, to further understanding of the differences in their living habits, behaviors and the mechanism of insect-host chemical communication, we observed the external morphology, number and distribution of antennal sensilla of A. asiaticus and C. villosulum with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The results showed that 1st-5th subsegments of the flagellum are spined endoapically in A. asiaticus which is different from the previous report (1st-3rd of the flagellomere). Meanwhile, there were five subsegments on the flagellum of C. villosulum that were clearly specialized as serrated shapes on the 4th-8th flagellomeres. Four types (ten subtypes) of sensilla were both found on the antennae of these two fir longhorn beetles, named Böhm bristle (Bb), sensilla trichodea (ST I and II), sensilla basiconica (SB I, II and III), sensilla chaetica (SCh I, II, III and IV). There is one additional kind of morphological type of sensilla found on the antennae of C. villosulum compared to A. asiaticus which was related to their habit of laying eggs only on dry and injured fir branches, named sensilla campaniformia (SCa). These differences may vary according to their own biological habits. For research purposes, the observed difference in the sensillum distribution and function between the two fir longhorn beetles will greatly facilitate the design of better semiochemical control methods of these insect pests.
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Wang Y, Wang M, Hu G, Xu W, Wang Y, Wang J. Temperature-dependent development of Omosita colon at constant temperature and its implication for PMI min estimation. J Forensic Leg Med 2020; 72:101946. [PMID: 32275229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2020.101946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Omosita colon (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is a species widely distributed in the Holarctic that usually appears during more advanced stages of decay. It is one of the species found on highly decomposed remains. Although O. colon may be a promising indicator of post-mortem interval (PMI) in cases with longer PMI, there is currently no existing research on its growth and development. Therefore, we studied the development of O. colon at seven constant temperatures between 16 and 34 °C and found that O. colon can complete its entire life cycle between 16 and 31 °C, but failed to complete development at 34 °C. At 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, and 31 °C, the developmental duration of O. colon from egg to adult is 95.3 ± 11.4, 62.4 ± 8.5, 45.9 ± 2.8, 34.9 ± 3.4, 30.0 ± 2.6, and 25.2 ± 2.6 d, respectively. Based on the results of development time and accumulated degree days, an isomorphen diagram was plotted and a thermal summation model was established. The mean (±SE) developmental threshold temperature D0 and the thermal summation constant K calculated using the thermal summation model were 10.65 ± 0.16 °C and 514.1 ± 8.7° days, respectively. The results of this study provide fundamental developmental data for the use of O. colon in minimum post-mortem interval (PMImin) estimations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Man Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiangfeng Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, China.
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Chen J, Zhu X, Qiao H, Liu S, Xu C, Xu R, Zhan W, Li J, Guo K, Chen J. Ultrastructure of sensilla on the maxillary and labial palps of the adult Xylotrechus grayii
(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Microsc Res Tech 2018; 81:669-680. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiu Zhu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Haili Qiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Sai Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Changqing Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Rong Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Wenhui Zhan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jianling Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Kun Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College; Beijing, 100193 China
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