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Cui Y, Zhang M, Guo J, Jin J, Wang H, Wang X. Correlation between sarcopenia and cirrhosis: a meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1342100. [PMID: 38268669 PMCID: PMC10805929 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1342100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between sarcopenia and cirrhosis is unclear. In this research, our aim is to evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia among individuals with liver cirrhosis and its correlation with survival and mortality risks. Methods We conducted searches on PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane for English articles published up to July 10, 2023, and additionally manually searched the bibliography of relevant articles. We incorporated research on sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis to examine the connection between sarcopenia and the likelihood of survival and mortality. Statistical analyses were carried out utilizing the Stata version 15.1 software. Depending on the heterogeneity of the results, we employed either fixed-effects models or random-effects models for data synthesis. To assess publication bias, we employed funnel plots and conducted Egger's test. Results We included 40 studies involving 8,945 patients with cirrhosis. The overall prevalence of cirrhosis was 41% (95% CI 34%-48%). Male patients and those with liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy had a higher prevalence of sarcopenia (44% for male patients and 48% for hepatic encephalopathy patients). Sarcopenia emerged as a risk factor for both survival (HR = 2.57, 95% CI 2.02-3.27, p < 0.001) and mortality (HR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.86-2.44, p < 0.001) in patients with cirrhosis. Subgroup analyses consistently yielded the same results for study sites, whether HCC patients were excluded from the cohort, whether patients were from the liver transplant cohort or had undergone tips surgery, the definition of sarcopenia (L3-SMI or other methods), and the diagnostic criteria used by patients. The presence of sarcopenia was also a significant risk factor for hepatic encephalopathy [HR = 2.27, 95% CI (1.76-2.94), p < 0.001]. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis reveal that patients with cirrhosis have a prevalence of sarcopenia of 41% and is associated with survival rate and mortality rate. Therefore, we should attach importance to the screening of sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis, early detection of susceptible populations, and appropriate measures to reduce the occurrence and adverse outcomes.Systematic review registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xinran Wang
- General Surgery Department, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhou C, Liu Y, Liang X, Zhang N, He T, Zhang J, Zhang J, Fu S, Li X, Liu P, Zhang T, Gong M. A novel imaging index for predicting adverse progression in acute-on-chronic liver failure related to hepatitis B virus: the low erector spine index. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:367. [PMID: 37884863 PMCID: PMC10601125 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02995-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely known that muscle mass influences the outcomes of many chronic diseases. Erector spine mass is a convenient parameter obtained from routine abdominal computed tomography (CT). The clinical application value of erector spine mass, and whether erector spine mass could predict the outcome of disease has not been studied. AIM To evaluate the role of the erector spine index (ESI) calculated based on abdominal CT imaging in the progression of acute-on-chronic liver failure related to the hepatitis B virus (HBV-ACLF). METHODS We performed a retrospective study of 118 HBV-ACLF patients and calculated the ESI (the total erector spine area normalized for height2 in meters) for each patient through abdominal CT. The findings were analyzed regarding the progression of HBV-ACLF and the ESI at baseline, including mortality and the development of complications. RESULTS The ESI level was associated with mortality and the development of complications. During the 90-day follow-up period, patients with a low ESI (<12.05 cm2/m2) had higher mortality than those with a high ESI (≥ 12.05 cm2/m2) (51.7% vs. 26.7%), and the cumulative survival rates were 71.0%±4.6 and 85.8%±3.9, respectively (log-rank P = 0.003). The hazard ratios (HRs) calculated using univariable and multivariable analyses were 2.23(95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25-4.21, P = 0.005) and 2.52 (95% CI: 1.34-9.24, P = 0.011), respectively. Patients with a low ESI (<12.05 cm2/m2) had higher incidences of kidney dysfunction (43.5% vs. 23.2%, P = 0.029; log-rank P = 0.017) and hepatic encephalopathy (39.6% vs. 14.0%, P = 0.003; log-rank P = 0.010) than those with a high ESI. A low ESI was an independent risk factor for kidney dysfunction (adjusted HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.05-2.93, P = 0.043) and the development of hepatic encephalopathy (adjusted HR = 2.26; 95% CI: 2.05-3.13, P = 0.036). In addition, the presence of hepatic encephalopathy (the odds ratio (OR) = 2.26, 95% CI: 2.05-3.18, P = 0.006), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (OR = 3.95, 95% CI: 1.01-5.46, P = 0.037), and kidney dysfunction (OR = 4.47, 95% CI: 1.02-9.64, P = 0.032) was independently associated with a low ESI in patients. CONCLUSION A low ESI is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with HBV-ACLF, as well as the development of kidney dysfunction and hepatic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liang
- Beijing Chaoyang Integrative Medicine Emergency Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting He
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangnan Fu
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Liu
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China
| | - Man Gong
- Department of Liver Disease, 5th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 100, the 4th Ring Road, Beijing, China.
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