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Sakhi H, Arabi M, Ghaemi A, Movafagh A, Sheikhpour M. Oncolytic viruses in lung cancer treatment: a review article. Immunotherapy 2024; 16:75-97. [PMID: 38112057 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has a high morbidity rate worldwide due to its resistance to therapy. So new treatment options are needed to improve the outcomes of lung cancer treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oncolytic viruses (OVs) as a new type of cancer treatment. In this study, 158 articles from PubMed and Scopus from 1994 to 2022 were reviewed on the effectiveness of OVs in the treatment of lung cancer. The oncolytic properties of eight categories of OVs and their interactions with treatment options were investigated. OVs can be applied as a promising immunotherapy option, as they are reproduced selectively in different types of cancer cells, cause tumor cell lysis and trigger efficient immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanie Sakhi
- Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Arabi
- Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaemi
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Movafagh
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1983969411, Iran
| | - Mojgan Sheikhpour
- Department of Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, 1316943551, Iran
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2
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Liu L, Qiu F, Chen J, Wu D, Nong Q, Zhou Y, Lu J. Functional Polymorphism in the MSI1 Gene Promoter Confers a Decreased Risk of Lung Cancer in Chinese by Reducing MSI1 Expression. Curr Genomics 2018; 19:375-383. [PMID: 30065613 PMCID: PMC6030856 DOI: 10.2174/1389202919666171128151544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Musashi1 (MSI1) is a characteristic stem cell marker that regulates the balance between cell self-renewal and differentiation. Evidence has identified MSI1 as a pivotal oncogenic regulator in diverse malignancies. However, little evidence uncovers the role of genetic variations of MSI1 gene in cancer etiology. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between genetic variants in the MSI1 gene and lung cancer risk. Methods: Based on a two-stage retrospective study with a total of 1559 patients with lung cancer and 1667 healthy controls, we evaluated the relevance between three putative functional SNPs in the MSI1 promoter (i.e., -2696T>C[rs7959801], -2297T>C[rs3742038] and -1081C>T[rs34570155]) and lung cancer risk. Results: We found that the SNP rs7959801T>C was significantly associated with lung cancer susceptibility. Compared to those with rs7959801TT wild-genotype, individuals with CT/CC variant genotypes exerted consistently beneficial roles in lung cancer risk in the discovery set (adjusted odd ratios [OR] = 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.57-0.80), and in the validation set (OR=0.69; 95%CI=0.54-0.88). Functional assays indicated that the allele transformation from T to C in rs7959801 of MSI1 gene arrestingly decreased its transcription activity in vitro. Furthermore, the expression levels of MSI1 were significantly lower in the patients with CT/CC variants than in those who were with TT genotype. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that the rs7959801T>C polymorphism in the MSI1 promoter conferred a decreased risk to lung cancer by reducing the expression of MSI1 and it may be a promising indicator for lung cancer predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,The School of Public Health, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Collaborative Innovation Center for Environmental Toxicity, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Fuman Qiu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,The School of Public Health, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Collaborative Innovation Center for Environmental Toxicity, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Jiansong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,The School of Public Health, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Collaborative Innovation Center for Environmental Toxicity, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Di Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,The School of Public Health, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Collaborative Innovation Center for Environmental Toxicity, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Qingqing Nong
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong road, Nanning530021, China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai road, Suzhou215123, China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 151 Yanjiangxi Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.,The School of Public Health, The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Collaborative Innovation Center for Environmental Toxicity, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou, 510182, China
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3
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Gong P, Wang Y, Gao Y, Gao M, Liu L, Qu P, Jin X, Gao Q. Msi1 promotes tumor progression by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cervical cancer. Hum Pathol 2017; 65:53-61. [PMID: 28088346 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Musashi1 (Msi1) is an RNA-binding protein that has been reported to be a pivotal regulator in tumorigenesis and progression in several cancers. However, its function and mechanism in cervical cancer is still unknown. In this study, Msi1 expression was found elevated in cervical cancers by immunohistochemistry and correlated with poor outcomes. Then, endogenous Msi1 was silenced in cervical cancer cell lines by short hairpin RNA, and its function and mechanism were determined. The results showed that the silencing of Msi1 in SiHa and HeLa cells inhibited the cells' migratory and invasive abilities in vitro and tumor progression in vivo. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were down-regulated, and Wnt activity was inhibited by the silencing of Msi1. In clinical tissues, positive correlations between Msi1 and EMT markers were found. In conclusion, Msi1, a diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target, promoted the EMT progression through activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in cervical cancers, thereby contributing to poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijun Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yidong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yane Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Mei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Lixia Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xi'an Electric Power Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Ping Qu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xianyang First People's Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 717200, China
| | - Xinxing Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
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4
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Cambuli FM, Correa BR, Rezza A, Burns SC, Qiao M, Uren PJ, Kress E, Boussouar A, Galante PAF, Penalva LOF, Plateroti M. A Mouse Model of Targeted Musashi1 Expression in Whole Intestinal Epithelium Suggests Regulatory Roles in Cell Cycle and Stemness. Stem Cells 2015; 33:3621-34. [PMID: 26303183 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium is very peculiar for its continuous cell renewal, fuelled by multipotent stem cells localized within the crypts of Lieberkühn. Several lines of evidence have established the evolutionary conserved RNA-binding protein Musashi1 as a marker of adult stem cells, including those of the intestinal epithelium, and revealed its roles in stem cell self-renewal and cell fate determination. Previous studies from our laboratories have shown that Musashi1 controls stem cell-like features in medulloblastoma, glioblastoma, and breast cancer cells, and has pro-proliferative and pro-tumorigenic properties in intestinal epithelial progenitor cells in vitro. To undertake a detailed study of Musashi1's function in the intestinal epithelium in vivo, we have generated a mouse model, referred to as v-Msi, overexpressing Musashi1 specifically in the entire intestinal epithelium. Compared with wild type litters, v-Msi1 mice exhibited increased intestinal crypt size accompanied by enhanced proliferation. Comparative transcriptomics by RNA-seq revealed Musashi1's association with gut stem cell signature, cell cycle, DNA replication, and drug metabolism. Finally, we identified and validated three novel mRNA targets that are stabilized by Musashi1, Ccnd1 (Cyclin D1), Cdk6, and Sox4. In conclusion, the targeted expression of Musashi1 in the intestinal epithelium in vivo increases the cell proliferation rate and strongly suggests its action on stem cells activity. This is due to the modulation of a complex network of gene functions and pathways including drug metabolism, cell cycle, and DNA synthesis and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Cambuli
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Lyon, France
| | - B R Correa
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Rezza
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Lyon, France
| | - S C Burns
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - M Qiao
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - P J Uren
- Molecular and Computational Biology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - E Kress
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Lyon, France
| | - A Boussouar
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Lyon, France
| | - P A F Galante
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L O F Penalva
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - M Plateroti
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Lyon, France
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5
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Lu S, Mu Q, Yu M, Yin X, Chen J, Jin J. Overexpression of musashi2 is possibly associated with chemoresistance in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 57:467-469. [PMID: 26148874 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1055478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Lu
- a Department of Hematology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Qitian Mu
- a Department of Hematology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,c Department of Hematology , Ningbo First Hospital , Ningbo , Zhejiang , China
| | - Mengxia Yu
- a Department of Hematology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiufeng Yin
- a Department of Hematology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Jian Chen
- a Department of Hematology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
| | - Jie Jin
- a Department of Hematology , the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China.,b Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang , China
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6
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Horisawa K, Imai T, Okano H, Yanagawa H. The Musashi family RNA-binding proteins in stem cells. Biomol Concepts 2015; 1:59-66. [PMID: 25961986 DOI: 10.1515/bmc.2010.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Musashi family is an evolutionarily conserved group of RNA-binding proteins. In mammal, two members of the group, Msi1 and Msi2, have been identified to date. Msi1 is considered to play roles in maintaining the stem cell status (stemness) of neural stem/progenitor cells in adults and in the development of central nervous system through translational regulation of its target mRNAs, which encode regulators of signal transduction and the cell cycle. Recently, strong expression of Msi1 in various somatic stem/progenitor cells of adult tissues, such as eye, gut, stomach, breast, and hair follicle, has been reported. The protein is also expressed in various cancer cells, and ectopically emerging cells have been found in neural tissues of patients with diseases involving neural disorder, including epilepsy. Many novel target mRNAs and regulatory pathways of Msi1 have been reported in recent years. Here, we present a review of the functions and action mechanisms of Msi1 protein and discuss possible directions for further study.
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7
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Conrad SJ, Essani K. Oncoselectivity in Oncolytic Viruses against Colorectal Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/jct.2014.513118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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8
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Current status of local therapy in malignant gliomas--a clinical review of three selected approaches. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 139:341-58. [PMID: 23694764 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are the most frequently occurring, devastating primary brain tumors, and are coupled with a poor survival rate. Despite the fact that complete neurosurgical resection of these tumors is impossible in consideration of their infiltrating nature, surgical resection followed by adjuvant therapeutics, including radiation therapy and chemotherapy, is still the current standard therapy. Systemic chemotherapy is restricted by the blood-brain barrier, while methods of local delivery, such as with drug-impregnated wafers, convection-enhanced drug delivery, or direct perilesional injections, present attractive ways to circumvent these barriers. These methods are promising ways for direct delivery of either standard chemotherapeutic or new anti-cancer agents. Several clinical trials showed controversial results relating to the influence of a local delivery of chemotherapy on the survival of patients with both recurrent and newly diagnosed malignant gliomas. Our article will review the development of the drug-impregnated release, as well as convection-enhanced delivery and the direct injection into brain tissue, which has been used predominantly in gene-therapy trials. Further, it will focus on the use of convection-enhanced delivery in the treatment of patients with malignant gliomas, placing special emphasis on potential shortcomings in past clinical trials. Although there is a strong need for new or additional therapeutic strategies in the treatment of malignant gliomas, and although local delivery of chemotherapy in those tumors might be a powerful tool, local therapy is used only sporadically nowadays. Thus, we have to learn from our mistakes in the past and we strongly encourage future developments in this field.
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9
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Hong IS, Kang KS. The effects of Hedgehog on the RNA-binding protein Msi1 in the proliferation and apoptosis of mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56496. [PMID: 23418578 PMCID: PMC3572075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential tools for regenerative medicine due to their capacity for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation. As MSCs are found in very small numbers in various tissues, in vitro cell expansion is an essential step that is needed before these cells can be used in clinical applications. Therefore, it is important to identify and characterize factors that are involved in MSC proliferation and apoptosis. In the present study, we focused on Hedgehog (Hh) signaling because several studies have proposed that Hh signaling plays a critical role in controlling the proliferation of stem and progenitor cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of MSCs remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the direct effects of Hh signaling on the proliferation and apoptosis of hUCB-MSCs as well as investigated potential downstream regulatory mechanisms that may be responsible for Hh signaling. We observed that the Hedgehog agonist purmorphamine enhanced cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis through the RNA-binding protein Msi1 by regulating the expression of an oncoprotein (i.e., c-Myc), a cell cycle regulatory molecule (i.e., p21(CIP1,WAF1)) and two microRNAs (i.e., miRNA-148a and miRNA-148b). This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating the self-renewal capability of MSCs with relevance to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Sun Hong
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tumor Biology, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tumor Biology, Department of Veterinary Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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10
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Plateroti M, de Araujo PR, da Silva AE, Penalva LOF. The RNA-Binding Protein Musashi1: A Major Player in Intestinal Epithelium Renewal and Colon Cancer Development. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2012; 8:290-297. [PMID: 23914149 DOI: 10.1007/s11888-012-0141-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant gene expression is the cause and the consequence of tumorigenesis. A major component of gene expression is translation regulation; a process whose main players are RNA-binding-proteins (RBPs). More than 800 RBPs have been identified in the human genome and several of them have been shown to control gene networks associated with relevant cancer processes. A more systematic characterization of RBPs starts to reveal that similar to transcription factors, they can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. A relevant example is Musashi1 (Msi1), which is emerging as a critical regulator of tumorigenesis in multiple cancer types, including colon cancer. Msi1 is a stem marker in several tissues and is critical in maintaining the balance between self-renewal and differentiation. However, a boost in Msi1 expression can most likely lead cells towards an oncogenic pathway. In this article, we discuss the parallels between Msi1 function in normal renewal of intestinal epithelium and in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelina Plateroti
- Centre de Génétique et de Physiologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France. 16 Rue Raphael Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex France
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11
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Vo DT, Subramaniam D, Remke M, Burton TL, Uren PJ, Gelfond JA, de Sousa Abreu R, Burns SC, Qiao M, Suresh U, Korshunov A, Dubuc AM, Northcott PA, Smith AD, Pfister SM, Taylor MD, Janga SC, Anant S, Vogel C, Penalva LOF. The RNA-binding protein Musashi1 affects medulloblastoma growth via a network of cancer-related genes and is an indicator of poor prognosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 181:1762-72. [PMID: 22985791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Musashi1 (Msi1) is a highly conserved RNA-binding protein that is required during the development of the nervous system. Msi1 has been characterized as a stem cell marker, controlling the balance between self-renewal and differentiation, and has also been implicated in tumorigenesis, being highly expressed in multiple tumor types. We analyzed Msi1 expression in a large cohort of medulloblastoma samples and found that Msi1 is highly expressed in tumor tissue compared with normal cerebellum. Notably, high Msi1 expression levels proved to be a sign of poor prognosis. Msi1 expression was determined to be particularly high in molecular subgroups 3 and 4 of medulloblastoma. We determined that Msi1 is required for tumorigenesis because inhibition of Msi1 expression by small-interfering RNAs reduced the growth of Daoy medulloblastoma cells in xenografts. To characterize the participation of Msi1 in medulloblastoma, we conducted different high-throughput analyses. Ribonucleoprotein immunoprecipitation followed by microarray analysis (RIP-chip) was used to identify mRNA species preferentially associated with Msi1 protein in Daoy cells. We also used cluster analysis to identify genes with similar or opposite expression patterns to Msi1 in our medulloblastoma cohort. A network study identified RAC1, CTGF, SDCBP, SRC, PRL, and SHC1 as major nodes of an Msi1-associated network. Our results suggest that Msi1 functions as a regulator of multiple processes in medulloblastoma formation and could become an important therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dat T Vo
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, USA
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12
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Vo DT, Abdelmohsen K, Martindale JL, Qiao M, Tominaga K, Burton TL, Gelfond JA, Brenner AJ, Patel V, Trageser D, Scheffler B, Gorospe M, Penalva LOF. The oncogenic RNA-binding protein Musashi1 is regulated by HuR via mRNA translation and stability in glioblastoma cells. Mol Cancer Res 2012; 10:143-55. [PMID: 22258704 PMCID: PMC3265026 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-11-0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Musashi1 (Msi1) is an evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding protein (RBP) that has profound implications in cellular processes such as stem cell maintenance, nervous system development, and tumorigenesis. Msi1 is highly expressed in many cancers, including glioblastoma, whereas in normal tissues, its expression is restricted to stem cells. Unfortunately, the factors that modulate Msi1 expression and trigger high levels in tumors are largely unknown. The Msi1 mRNA has a long 3' untranslated region (UTR) containing several AU- and U-rich sequences. This type of sequence motif is often targeted by HuR, another important RBP known to be highly expressed in tumor tissue such as glioblastoma and to regulate a variety of cancer-related genes. In this report, we show an interaction between HuR and the Msi1 3'-UTR, resulting in a positive regulation of Msi1 expression. We show that HuR increased MSI1 mRNA stability and promoted its translation. We also present evidence that expression of HuR and Msi1 correlate positively in clinical glioblastoma samples. Finally, we show that inhibition of cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and changes in cell-cycle profile as a result of silencing HuR are partially rescued when Msi1 is ectopically expressed. In summary, our results suggest that HuR is an important regulator of Msi1 in glioblastoma and that this regulation has important biological consequences during gliomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dat T. Vo
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Martindale
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mei Qiao
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Kumiko Tominaga
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Tarea L. Burton
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jonathan A.L. Gelfond
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Andrew J. Brenner
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229 USA
| | - Vyomesh Patel
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Daniel Trageser
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Center, D-53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Björn Scheffler
- Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn Medical Center, D-53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, National Institute on Aging - Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Luiz O. F. Penalva
- Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Kharas MG, Lengner CJ, Al-Shahrour F, Bullinger L, Ball B, Zaidi S, Morgan K, Tam W, Paktinat M, Okabe R, Gozo M, Einhorn W, Lane SW, Scholl C, Fröhling S, Fleming M, Ebert BL, Gilliland DG, Jaenisch R, Daley GQ. Musashi-2 regulates normal hematopoiesis and promotes aggressive myeloid leukemia. Nat Med 2010; 16:903-8. [PMID: 20616797 DOI: 10.1038/nm.2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins of the Musashi (Msi) family are expressed in stem cell compartments and in aggressive tumors, but they have not yet been widely explored in the blood. Here we demonstrate that Msi2 is the predominant form expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and its knockdown leads to reduced engraftment and depletion of HSCs in vivo. Overexpression of human MSI2 in a mouse model increases HSC cell cycle progression and cooperates with the chronic myeloid leukemia-associated BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein to induce an aggressive leukemia. MSI2 is overexpressed in human myeloid leukemia cell lines, and its depletion leads to decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis. Expression levels in human myeloid leukemia directly correlate with decreased survival in patients with the disease, thereby defining MSI2 expression as a new prognostic marker and as a new target for therapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Kharas
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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14
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Abstract
The very deep knowledge acquired on the genetics and molecular biology of herpes simplex virus (HSV), has allowed the development of potential replication-competent and replication-defective vectors for several applications in human healthcare. These include delivery and expression of human genes to cells of the nervous systems, selective destruction of cancer cells, prophylaxis against infection with HSV or other infectious diseases, and targeted infection to specific tissues or organs. Replication-defective recombinant vectors are non-toxic gene transfer tools that preserve most of the neurotropic features of wild type HSV-1, particularly the ability to express genes after having established latent infections, and are thus proficient candidates for therapeutic gene transfer settings in neurons. A replication-defective HSV vector for the treatment of pain has recently entered in phase 1 clinical trial. Replication-competent (oncolytic) vectors are becoming a suitable and powerful tool to eradicate brain tumours due to their ability to replicate and spread only within the tumour mass, and have reached phase II/III clinical trials in some cases. The progress in understanding the host immune response induced by the vector is also improving the use of HSV as a vaccine vector against both HSV infection and other pathogens. This review briefly summarizes the obstacle encountered in the delivery of HSV vectors and examines the various strategies developed or proposed to overcome such challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Manservigi
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine - Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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15
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Manservigi R, Argnani R, Marconi P. HSV Recombinant Vectors for Gene Therapy. Open Virol J 2010; 4:123-56. [PMID: 20835362 DOI: 10.2174/1874357901004030123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Revised: 03/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The very deep knowledge acquired on the genetics and molecular biology of herpes simplex virus (HSV), has allowed the development of potential replication-competent and replication-defective vectors for several applications in human healthcare. These include delivery and expression of human genes to cells of the nervous systems, selective destruction of cancer cells, prophylaxis against infection with HSV or other infectious diseases, and targeted infection to specific tissues or organs. Replication-defective recombinant vectors are non-toxic gene transfer tools that preserve most of the neurotropic features of wild type HSV-1, particularly the ability to express genes after having established latent infections, and are thus proficient candidates for therapeutic gene transfer settings in neurons. A replication-defective HSV vector for the treatment of pain has recently entered in phase 1 clinical trial. Replication-competent (oncolytic) vectors are becoming a suitable and powerful tool to eradicate brain tumours due to their ability to replicate and spread only within the tumour mass, and have reached phase II/III clinical trials in some cases. The progress in understanding the host immune response induced by the vector is also improving the use of HSV as a vaccine vector against both HSV infection and other pathogens. This review briefly summarizes the obstacle encountered in the delivery of HSV vectors and examines the various strategies developed or proposed to overcome such challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Manservigi
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine - Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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16
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Huang J, Gao J, Lv X, Li G, Hao D, Yao X, Zhou L, Liu D, Wang R. Target gene therapy of glioma: overexpression of BAX gene under the control of both tissue-specific promoter and hypoxia-inducible element. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2010; 42:274-80. [PMID: 20383466 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmq016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-specific transcription of tumor-killing genes has been exploited as a promising gene therapeutic modality in glioma patients. Musashi1 (Msi1) and GFAP gene promoters are both cancer-specific promoters. Optimized HIF-binding site (optHBS) sequence was newly found as efficient as EPO HREs used as enhancer in cancer gene therapy. We constructed 4optHBS-Msi1/GFAP promoters and tested their ability to mediate BAX expression to induce apoptosis in glioma cell lines. Our results demonstrated that 4optHBS-Msi1/GFAP promoters are apparently strong and glioma-selective promoters with potential application in targeted glioma gene therapy, and 4optHBS-Msi1/GFAPBAXa are valuable tools for glioma gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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