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Sadowski M, Synkiewicz-Musialska B, Kula K. (1 E,3 E)-1,4-Dinitro-1,3-butadiene-Synthesis, Spectral Characteristics and Computational Study Based on MEDT, ADME and PASS Simulation. Molecules 2024; 29:542. [PMID: 38276620 PMCID: PMC10821504 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemistry of conjugated nitrodienes is becoming increasingly popular. These molecules are successfully applied in cycloaddition to synthesize six-membered rings in Diels-Alder reactions. Nitrodienes can be also applied to obtain bis-compounds in [3+2] cycloaddition. Moreover, the presence of a nitro group in the structure provides a possibility of further modification of the products. The simplest symmetrical representative of conjugated nitrodienes is (1E,3E)-1,4-dinitro-1,3-butadiene. Although the first mentions of the compound date back to the early 1950s, the compound has not yet been examined thoroughly enough. Therefore, in this article, a comprehensive study of (1E,3E)-1,4-dinitro-1,3-butadiene has been described. For this purpose, an experimental study including the synthesis process as well as an evaluation of the spectral characteristics has been conducted. So as to better understand the properties of this compound, a computational study of reactivity indices based on MEDT and also an assessment of pharmacokinetics and biological activity according to ADME and PASS methodologies have been made. On this basis, some future application trends of (1E,3E)-1,4-dinitro-1,3-butadiene have been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikołaj Sadowski
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Beata Synkiewicz-Musialska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Zabłocie 39, 30-701 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Karolina Kula
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland;
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2
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Sobhi C, Merzoud L, Bouasla S, Nacereddine AK, Morell C, Chermette H. Understanding the mechanism and regio- and stereo selectivity of [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions between substituted azomethine ylide and 3,3,3-trifluoro-1-nitroprop-1-ene, within the molecular electron density theory. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:1208-1220. [PMID: 36708224 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The selectivity and the nature of the molecular mechanism of the [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction between 2-(dimethylamino)-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione (AY11) and trans(E)-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-nitroprop-1-ene(FNP10) has been studied, in which the molecular electron density theory using density functional theory methods at the MPWB1K/6-31G(d) computational level was used. Analysis of the global reactivity indices permits us to characterize FNP10 as a strong electrophile and AY11 as a strong nucleophile. Four reactive pathways associated with the ortho/meta regioselective channels and endo/exo stereoselective approaches modes have been explored and characterized in the gas phase and in the benzene solvent. The analysis of the relative energies associated with the different reaction pathways indicates that the 32CA reactions of the azomethine ylide (AY) with the nitroalkene (FNP) is meta regioselective with high endo stereoselectivity. This result is in good agreement with the experimental observations. electron localization function topological analysis of the most favored reactive pathways allows for characterizing the mechanism of this 32CA reactions as a non-concerted two-stage one-step mechanism. Finally, non-covalent interactions and quantum theory of atoms in molecule analyses at the meta/endo transition state structure indicate that the presence of different several weak interactions, namely, CF and NH contributed in favoring the formation of a meta-endo cycloadduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chafia Sobhi
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Des Surfaces Et Interfaces, Université du 20 Août 1955, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Lynda Merzoud
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMRCNRS 5280, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Souad Bouasla
- Laboratory of Materials and Energetic Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University 20 August 1955, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Abdelmalek Khorief Nacereddine
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Biology of Materials, Department of Physics and Chemistry, Higher Normal School for Technological Education of Skikda, Azzaba, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Christophe Morell
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMRCNRS 5280, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Henry Chermette
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMRCNRS 5280, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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3
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Kras J, Woliński P, Nagatsky R, Demchuk OM, Jasiński R. Full Regio- and Stereoselective Protocol for the Synthesis of New Nicotinoids via Cycloaddition Processes with the Participation of Trans-Substituted Nitroethenes: Comprehensive Experimental and MEDT Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083535. [PMID: 37110768 PMCID: PMC10142438 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
[3 + 2] Cycloaddition reactions with the participation of Z-C-(3-pyridyl)-N-methylnitrone and series of E-2-R-nitroethenes were both experimentally and theoretically explored in the framework of Molecular Electron Density Theory. It was found that all considered processes are realized under mild conditions and in full regio- and stereocontrol. The ELF analysis additionally showed that the studied reaction proceeds by a two-stage, one-step mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jowita Kras
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Przemysław Woliński
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Roman Nagatsky
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Oleg M Demchuk
- Faculty of Medicine, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynow 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Radomir Jasiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
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4
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Kula K, Łapczuk A, Sadowski M, Kras J, Zawadzińska K, Demchuk OM, Gaurav GK, Wróblewska A, Jasiński R. On the Question of the Formation of Nitro-Functionalized 2,4-Pyrazole Analogs on the Basis of Nitrylimine Molecular Systems and 3,3,3-Trichloro-1-Nitroprop-1-Ene. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238409. [PMID: 36500503 PMCID: PMC9739753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical studies on the reaction between (E)-3,3,3-trichloro-1-nitroprop-1-ene and N-(4-bromophenyl)-C-arylnitrylimine were performed. It was found that the title process unexpectedly led to 1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-phenyl-5-nitropyrazole instead of the expected Δ2-pyrazoline molecular system. This was the result of a unique CHCl3 elimination process. The observed mechanism of transformation was explained in the framework of the molecular electron density theory (MEDT). The theoretical results showed that both of the possible channels of [3 + 2] cycloaddition were favorable from a kinetic point of view, due to which the creation of 1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-aryl-4-tricholomethyl-5-nitro-Δ2-pyrazoline was more probable. On the other hand, according to the experimental data, the presented reactions occurred with full regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kula
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (A.Ł.); (R.J.)
| | - Agnieszka Łapczuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (A.Ł.); (R.J.)
| | - Mikołaj Sadowski
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jowita Kras
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Zawadzińska
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Oleg M. Demchuk
- Faculty of Medicine, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynow 1J, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Gajendra Kumar Gaurav
- Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory—SPIL, NETME Centre, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology—VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616-69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Wróblewska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radomir Jasiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (A.Ł.); (R.J.)
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Zawadzińska K, Gadocha Z, Pabian K, Wróblewska A, Wielgus E, Jasiński R. The First Examples of [3+2] Cycloadditions with the Participation of ( E)-3,3,3-Tribromo-1-Nitroprop-1-Ene. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15217584. [PMID: 36363174 PMCID: PMC9657535 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The first examples of [3+2] cycloaddition reactions between 3,3,3-tribromo-1-nitroprop-1-ene (TBMN) were explored on the basis of experimental and theoretical approaches. It was found that reactions involving TBMN and diarylnitrones realized with full regio- and stereoselectivity lead to respective 3,4-cis-4,5-trans-4-nitroisoxazolidines. The regioselecticity and the molecular mechanism of title processes was analyzed on the basis of the advanced DFT computational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Zawadzińska
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Gadocha
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Kamila Pabian
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Aneta Wróblewska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wielgus
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radomir Jasiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
- Correspondence:
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6
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Zawadzińska K, Ríos-Gutiérrez M, Kula K, Woliński P, Mirosław B, Krawczyk T, Jasiński R. The Participation of 3,3,3-Trichloro-1-nitroprop-1-ene in the [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reaction with Selected Nitrile N-Oxides in the Light of the Experimental and MEDT Quantum Chemical Study. Molecules 2021; 26:6774. [PMID: 34833866 PMCID: PMC8622200 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The regioselective zw-type [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions of a series of aryl-substituted nitrile N-oxides (NOs) with trichloronitropropene (TNP) have been both experimentally and theoretically studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT). Zwitterionic NOs behave as moderate nucleophiles while TNP acts as a very strong electrophile in these polar 32CA reactions of forward electron density flux, which present moderate activation Gibbs free energies of 22.8-25.6 kcal·mol-1 and an exergonic character of 28.4 kcal·mol-1 that makes them irreversible and kinetically controlled. The most favorable reaction is that involving the most nucleophilic MeO-substituted NO. Despite Parr functions correctly predicting the experimental regioselectivity with the most favorable O-CCCl3 interaction, these reactions follow a two-stage one-step mechanism in which formation of the O-C(CCl3) bond takes place once the C-C(NO2) bond is already formed. The present MEDT concludes that the reactivity differences in the series of NOs come from their different nucleophilic activation and polar character of the reactions, rather than any mechanistic feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Zawadzińska
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (K.Z.); (K.K.); (P.W.)
| | - Mar Ríos-Gutiérrez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Karolina Kula
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (K.Z.); (K.K.); (P.W.)
| | - Przemysław Woliński
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (K.Z.); (K.K.); (P.W.)
| | - Barbara Mirosław
- Department of General and Coordination Chemistry and Crystallography, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Pl. Marii Curie-Sklodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Krawczyk
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Radomir Jasiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (K.Z.); (K.K.); (P.W.)
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7
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Kula K, Kącka-Zych A, Łapczuk-Krygier A, Wzorek Z, Nowak AK, Jasiński R. Experimental and Theoretical Mechanistic Study on the Thermal Decomposition of 3,3-diphenyl-4-(trichloromethyl)-5-nitropyrazoline. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051364. [PMID: 33806344 PMCID: PMC7961919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present paper is a continuation of comprehensive study regarding to synthesis and properties of pyrazoles and their derivatives. In its framework an experimental and theoretical studies of thermal decomposition of the 3,3-diphenyl-4-(trichloromethyl)-5-nitropyrazoline were performed. It was found, that the decompositions of the mentioned pyrazoline system in the solution and at the melted state proceed via completely different molecular mechanisms. These mechanisms have been explained in the framework of the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) with the computational level of B3LYP/6-31G(d). A Bonding Evolution Theory (BET) examination of dehydrochlorination of the 3,3-diphenyl-4-(trichloromethyl)-5-nitropyrazoline permits elucidation of the molecular mechanism. It was found, that on the contrary for most known HCl extrusion processes in solution, this reaction is realised via single-step mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kula
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.-Z.); (A.Ł.-K.)
| | - Agnieszka Kącka-Zych
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.-Z.); (A.Ł.-K.)
| | - Agnieszka Łapczuk-Krygier
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.-Z.); (A.Ł.-K.)
| | - Zbigniew Wzorek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (Z.W.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Anna K. Nowak
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (Z.W.); (A.K.N.)
| | - Radomir Jasiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland; (K.K.); (A.K.-Z.); (A.Ł.-K.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Liu Y, Liu J, Liu YY, Tang B, Lin H, Li Y, Zhang L. Synthesis of spirocyclic Δ 4-isoxazolines via [3 + 2] cycloaddition of indanone-derived ketonitrones with alkynes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30415-30425. [PMID: 35480251 PMCID: PMC9041119 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06063e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A [3 + 2] cycloaddition of indanone-derived nitrones and alkynes under mild conditions is developed, allowing facile synthesis of spirocyclicindenyl isoxazolines with structural diversity. The sequential protocol of generated in situ ketonitrone from unsaturated ketones and N-alkylhydroxylamines is also achieved successfully, affording the desired products in considerable yield with moderate to good diastereoselectivity. Moreover, the spirocyclic product can be conveniently transformed into indenyl-based allylic alcohol and enamide. A [3 + 2] cycloaddition of indanone-derived nitrones with alkynes under mild conditions has been developed. It is a highly efficient and straightforward method for the synthesis of diverse spirocyclicindenyl isoxazolines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Liu
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material, Institute of Organic Synthesis, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiaxue Liu
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material, Institute of Organic Synthesis, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Yan-Yun Liu
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material, Institute of Organic Synthesis, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Boxiao Tang
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material, Institute of Organic Synthesis, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Hongwei Lin
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material, Institute of Organic Synthesis, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Yuanxiang Li
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material, Institute of Organic Synthesis, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material, Institute of Organic Synthesis, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
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9
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Yan J, Wang Y, Hou S, Shi L, Zhu X, Hao X, Song M. NCC Pincer Ni (II) Complexes Catalyzed Hydrophosphination of Nitroalkenes with Diphenylphosphine. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University No. 100 of Science Road Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Bing Wang
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University No. 100 of Science Road Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Senyao Hou
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University No. 100 of Science Road Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Linlin Shi
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University No. 100 of Science Road Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Xinju Zhu
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University No. 100 of Science Road Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University No. 100 of Science Road Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
| | - Mao‐Ping Song
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University No. 100 of Science Road Zhengzhou Henan 450001 P. R. China
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10
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Kącka-Zych A, Jasiński R. A DFT study on the molecular mechanism of the conjugated nitroalkenes polymerization process initiated by selected unsaturated nucleophiles. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-02627-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe participation of the nitroethene and its α-substituted analogs as model nitrofunctionalized monomers, and (Z)-C,N-diphenylnitrone and methyl vinyl ether as initiators in the polymerization reactions, has been analyzed in the framework of the density functional theory calculations at the M06-2X(PCM)/6-311 + G(d) level. Our computational study suggests the zwitterionic mechanism of the polymerization process. The exploration of the nature of critical structures shows that the first reaction stage exhibits evidently polar nature, whereas additions of further nitroalkene molecules to the polynitroalkyl molecular system formed should be considered as moderate polar processes. The more detailed view on the molecular transformations gives analysis based on the bonding evolution theory. This study shows that the case of polymerization reaction between nitroethene and (Z)-C,N-diphenylnitrone allows for distinguishing eleven topologically different phases, while, in the case of polymerization reaction nitroethene and methyl vinyl ether, we can distinguish nine different phases.
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11
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Kula K, Dobosz J, Jasiński R, Kącka-Zych A, Łapczuk-Krygier A, Mirosław B, Demchuk OM. [3+2] Cycloaddition of diaryldiazomethanes with (E)-3,3,3-trichloro-1-nitroprop-1-ene: An experimental, theoretical and structural study. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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12
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Kącka-Zych A. Push-pull nitronates in the [3+2] cycloaddition with nitroethylene: Molecular Electron Density Theory study. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 97:107549. [PMID: 32028111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The structure and the participation of the N-methoxy-N-[bis(methoxycarbonyl)methylene]amine N-oxide as model push-pull nitronate 1 with nitroethylene 2 in [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction have been analyzed within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP(PCM)/6-31G(d) level. Topological analysis of the Electron Localization Function (ELF) of nitronate 1 reveals that this compound has pseudoradical center, while the conceptual DFT reactivity indices characterizes this three-atom-component (TAC) as a strong electrophile. The analyzed 32CA reaction takes place through a one-step mechanism. A Bonding Evolution Theory (BET) study of the more favorable reaction path associated with the 32CA reaction of nitronate 1 with nitroethylene 2 indicates that it is associated with a non-concerted two-stage one-step mechanism, in which the activation energy is mainly related with to the initial formation of the O3-C4 single bond. In the case of this reaction, an additional mechanism with formation of intermediate 7 is also found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kącka-Zych
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155, Cracow, Poland.
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13
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Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of nitrofunctionalized 1,2-oxazolidine analogs of nicotine. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-020-02631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Jasiński R. A new insight on the molecular mechanism of the reaction between (Z)-C,N-diphenylnitrone and 1,2-bismethylene-3,3,4,4,5,5-hexamethylcyclopentane. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 94:107461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.107461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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15
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3-Nitroacrylates as promising substrates for the construction of carbo- and heterocyclic structures. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2631-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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The structural aspects of the transformation of 3-nitroisoxazoline-2-oxide to 1-aza-2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane derivatives: Experimental and MEDT theoretical study. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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17
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Soleymani M, Kazemi Chegeni Z. A molecular electron density theory study on the [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide with 2-cyclopentenone. J Mol Graph Model 2019; 92:256-266. [PMID: 31422198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (Nit-5) and 2-cyclopentenone (CPN-6), experimentally reported by Tamura et al., was theoretically studied using the newly introduced molecular electron density theory (MEDT). Based on the experimental findings, this reaction takes place in an O3-C4 regio- and an exo-stereospecific fashion to give corresponding [3 + 2] exo cycloadduct as the sole product. The results of the potential energy surface analysis indicated that the experimentally reported product is more favorable both thermodynamically and kinetically relative to other possible adducts. In complete agreement with the experimental outcomes, the conceptual density functional theory reactivity indices explained the reactivity and regioselectivity of the reaction. Calculation of global electron density transfer of the energetically most preferred transition state indicated that the electron density fluxes from Nit-5 as a nucleophilic species toward CPN-6 as an electrophilic species. Analysis of the molecular electrostatic potential map of the most favorable transition state showed that approach of Nit-5 and CPN-6 locates the oppositely charged regions over each other leading to attractive forces between two reagents rationalizing the exo stereoselectivity predominance. The molecular mechanism of the reactions was specified using electron localization function analysis over some relevant points along the intrinsic reaction coordinate profile of the most favorable transition state and the results indicated that this zwitterionic-type [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction proceeds through a two-stage one-step mechanism. In fact, while the O3-C4 single bond is initialy formed between two fragments through donation of some electron density from the O3 oxygen lone electron-pairs of Nit-5 toward the C4 carbon atom of CPN-6, the delayed C1-C5 single bond begins to form via C1- to -C5 coupling of pseudodiracal centers created on theses atoms over the course of reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Soleymani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Kazemi Chegeni
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran
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18
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Competition between [2 + 1]- and [4 + 1]-cycloaddition mechanisms in reactions of conjugated nitroalkenes with dichlorocarbene in the light of a DFT computational study. J Mol Model 2019; 25:157. [PMID: 31079231 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-4006-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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19
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Dresler E, Kącka-Zych A, Kwiatkowska M, Jasiński R. Regioselectivity, stereoselectivity, and molecular mechanism of [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions between 2-methyl-1-nitroprop-1-ene and (Z)-C-aryl-N-phenylnitrones: a DFT computational study. J Mol Model 2018; 24:329. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3861-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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20
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Mirosław B, Babyuk D, Łapczuk-Krygier A, Kącka-Zych A, Demchuk OM, Jasiński R. Regiospecific formation of the nitromethyl-substituted 3-phenyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole via [3 + 2] cycloaddition. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018; 149:1877-1884. [PMID: 30237620 PMCID: PMC6133101 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT 5-(Nitromethyl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole was obtained as a product of a high-yielding [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of in situ-generated benzonitrile N-oxide and 3-nitroprop-1-ene. For the first time, the regiochemistry of this reaction was unambiguously proven by X-ray structural analysis. The quantum-chemical calculation performed at the M06-2X/6-31G(d) (PCM) theoretical level affords a basis for explaining the course of reaction as well as the nature of transition states. Next, further DFT calculations together with spectral data shed light on structural aspects of the product. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Mirosław
- Department of Crystallography, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska St 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dmytro Babyuk
- Institute of Biology, Chemistry and Bioresources, Chernivtsi National University, 2 Kotsyubynski Str., Chernivtsi, 58012 Ukraine
| | - Agnieszka Łapczuk-Krygier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska St. 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kącka-Zych
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska St. 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | - Oleg M. Demchuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Gliniana St 33, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Radomir Jasiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska St. 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
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21
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Frau J, Glossman-Mitnik D. Computational study of the chemical reactivity of the Blue-M1 intermediate melanoidin. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Frau J, Glossman-Mitnik D. Molecular Reactivity and Absorption Properties of Melanoidin Blue-G1 through Conceptual DFT. Molecules 2018; 23:E559. [PMID: 29498665 PMCID: PMC6017537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This computational study presents the assessment of eleven density functionals that include CAM-B3LYP, LC-wPBE, M11, M11L, MN12L, MN12SX, N12, N12SX, wB97, wB97X and wB97XD related to the Def2TZVP basis sets together with the Solvation Model Density (SMD) solvation model in calculating the molecular properties and structure of the Blue-G1 intermediate melanoidin pigment. The chemical reactivity descriptors for the system are calculated via the conceptual Density Functional Theory (DFT). The choice of the active sites related to the nucleophilic, electrophilic, as well as radical attacks is made by linking them with the Fukui function indices, the electrophilic Parr functions and the condensed dual descriptor Δ f ( r ) . The prediction of the maximum absorption wavelength tends to be considerably accurate relative to its experimental value. The study found the MN12SX and N12SX density functionals to be the most appropriate density functionals in predicting the chemical reactivity of the studied molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Frau
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Daniel Glossman-Mitnik
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua, 31136 Chih, Mexico.
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23
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Domingo LR, Ríos-Gutiérrez M, Pérez P. A Molecular Electron Density Theory Study of the Reactivity and Selectivities in [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions of C,N-Dialkyl Nitrones with Ethylene Derivatives. J Org Chem 2018; 83:2182-2197. [PMID: 29350934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b03093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The zw-type [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions of C,N-dialkyl nitrones with a series of ethylenes of increased electrophilic character have been studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) at the MPWB1K/6-311G(d,p) computational level. Both, reactivity and selectivities are rationalized depending on the polar character of the reaction. Due to the strong nucleophilic character of C,N-dialkyl nitrones, the corresponding zw-type 32CA reactions are accelerated with the increased electrophilic character of the ethylene, which also plays a crucial role in the reaction mechanism, thus determining the regio- and stereoselectivities experimentally observed. While, in the 32CA reactions with nucleophilic ethylenes, the reaction begins with the formation of the C-C single bond, determining the ortho regioselectivity, in the 32CA reactions with strong electrophilic ethylenes, the reaction begins with the formation of the C-O single bond involving the β-conjugated carbon of the ethylene, determining the meta regioselectivity. The present MEDT study also provides an explanation for the unexpected ortho regioselectivity experimentally found in the 32CA reactions involving weak electrophilic ethylenes such as ethyl acrylate and acrylonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis R Domingo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia , Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mar Ríos-Gutiérrez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia , Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Pérez
- Universidad Andres Bello , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Av. República 498, 8370146, Santiago, Chile
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24
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Jasiński R. Competition between one-step and two-step mechanism in polar [3 + 2] cycloadditions of (Z)-C-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-N-methyl-nitrone with (Z)-2-EWG-1-bromo-1-nitroethenes. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Jasiński R. β-Trifluoromethylated nitroethenes in Diels-Alder reaction with cyclopentadiene: A DFT computational study. J Fluor Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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Jasiński R. One-step versus two-step mechanism of Diels-Alder reaction of 1-chloro-1-nitroethene with cyclopentadiene and furan. J Mol Graph Model 2017; 75:55-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Saruengkhanphasit R, Collier D, Coldham I. Synthesis of Spirocyclic Amines by Using Dipolar Cycloadditions of Nitrones. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6489-6496. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Darren Collier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Iain Coldham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
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28
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Sastre S, Frau J, Glossman-Mitnik D. Computational Prediction of the Protonation Sites of Ac-Lys-(Ala)n-Lys-NH2 Peptides through Conceptual DFT Descriptors. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030458. [PMID: 28335381 PMCID: PMC6155279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Six density functionals (M11, M11L, MN12L, MN12SX, N12, and N12SX) in connection with the Def2TZVP basis set and the SMD solvation model (water as a solvent) have been assessed for the calculation of the molecular structure and properties of several peptides with the general formula Ac-Lys-(Ala)n-Lys-NH2, with n = 0 to 5. The chemical reactivity descriptors for these systems have been calculated through Conceptual density functional theory (DFT). The active sites for nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks have been chosen by relating them to the Fukui function indices, the condensed dual descriptor Δf(r), and the electrophilic Parr functions. The results allowed the prediction of the protonation sites of the peptides and rendered a qualitative explanation of the difference in pKa of the two Lys groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Sastre
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Juan Frau
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Daniel Glossman-Mitnik
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Chihuahua, Chih 31136, Mexico.
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29
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A DFT computational study of the molecular mechanism of [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions between nitroethene and benzonitrile N-oxides. J Mol Model 2016; 23:13. [PMID: 28032222 PMCID: PMC5196010 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations were performed to shed light on the molecular mechanism of [3 + 2] cycloadditions of simple conjugated nitroalkenes to benzonitrile N-oxides. In particular, it was found that these processes proceed by a one-step mechanism through asynchronous transition states. According to the latest terminology, they should be considered polar but not stepwise processes.
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