1
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Jagtap PA, Lokolkar MS, Bhanage BM. Cu-Mediated Tandem 2,3-Disubstituted Indole Synthesis from Simple Anilines and Internal Alkynes via C-H Annulation. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37463299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
A simple, cost-effective, and straightforward method for the synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indole scaffolds has been developed. The present protocol involves copper-mediated tandem hydroamination followed by C-H annulation of unprotected anilines with a wide range of internal alkynes. In the presence of Cu(OAc)2·H2O and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), the reaction proceeds well to afford a variety of substituted indole derivatives in moderate to good yields. This process was found to be compatible with both primary and secondary anilines coupled with aromatic/aliphatic alkynes. High-purity copper nanoparticles can be recovered after the reaction, revealing the cost-effectiveness and environmentally benign feature of the current protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafull A Jagtap
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
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2
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Tajik M, Shiri M, Hussain FHS, Lotfi Nosood Y, Baeiszadeh B, Amini Z, Bikas R, Pyra A. Highly regioselective and diastereoselective synthesis of novel pyrazinoindolones via a base-mediated Ugi- N-alkylation sequence. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16963-16969. [PMID: 37288378 PMCID: PMC10243185 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02065g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient base-mediated/metal-free approach has been developed for the synthesis of 1-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indole-3-carboxamide derivatives via intramolecular indole N-H alkylation of novel bis-amide Ugi-adducts. In this protocol the Ugi reaction of (E)-cinnamaldehyde derivatives, 2-chloroaniline, indole-2-carboxylic acid and different isocyanides was designed for the preparation of bis-amides. The main highlight of this study is the practical and highly regioselective preparation of new polycyclic functionalized pyrazino derivatives. This system is facilitated by Na2CO3 mediation in DMSO and 100 °C conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Tajik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran 1993893973 Iran
| | - Morteza Shiri
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran 1993893973 Iran
| | - Faiq H S Hussain
- Medical Analysis Department, Applied Science Faculty, Tishk International University Erbil Kurdistan Region Iraq
| | - Yazdanbakhsh Lotfi Nosood
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran 1993893973 Iran
| | - Behnaz Baeiszadeh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran 1993893973 Iran
| | - Zahra Amini
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Alzahra University Vanak Tehran 1993893973 Iran
| | - Rahman Bikas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University Qazvin 34148-96818 Iran
| | - Anna Pyra
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław 14 Joliot-Curie 50-383 Wroclaw Poland
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3
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Synthesis and Reactions of 3-Halogenated 2-CF 3-Indoles. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248822. [PMID: 36557954 PMCID: PMC9785211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Halogenation of 2-trifluoromethylindole afforded 3-chloro-, 3-bromo- and 3-iodo derivatives in up to 98% yield. Methyl-, benzyl- and tosyl-groups can be installed at the nitrogen atom of prepared indoles in high yields by base catalyzed reaction with the corresponding alkylating (sulfonylating) reagents. A high synthetic utility of the prepared haloindoles in the reaction with various nucleophilies was shown. The reaction with 4-methylthiophenol and copper cyanide afforded the corresponding sulfides and nitriles in high yield. Palladium catalyzed cross-coupling with phenyl boronic acid and phenylacetylene gave the corresponding 3-phenyl-2-CF3-indoles and acetylenic derivatives in 72-98% yield.
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4
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Mohanta PP, Behera AK, Pati HN. Novel, Practical, and Efficient Process for the Preparation of 4,5-Dichloroindole. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajaya Kumar Behera
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, JyotiVihar, Burla 768019, Odisha, India
| | - Hari Narayan Pati
- School of Chemistry, Sambalpur University, JyotiVihar, Burla 768019, Odisha, India
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5
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Flury P, Eppler O, Schollmeyer D, Laufer S, Pillaiyar T. 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol-mediated hydroarylation of fluorinated alkynes with indoles: Application to diindolylmethanes. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2100488. [PMID: 35467043 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A new mild and practically simple alkyne hydroarylation protocol for the synthesis of 3-(indol-3-yl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid esters by the reaction of indole derivatives with ethyl/methyl 4,4,4-trifluoro-3-(indol-3-yl)but-2-enoates in trifluoroethanol was developed. This method has the following advantages: no catalyst, atom economy, high yields, broad substrate scope, and large-scale synthesis. The potential application of this protocol was further demonstrated by the synthesis of a variety of CF3 -substituted synthons and a new class of (un)symmetrical 3,3'-diindolylmethanes with a quaternary carbon core that might be biologically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Flury
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry and Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Olga Eppler
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry and Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dieter Schollmeyer
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Laufer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry and Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry and Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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6
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Muzalevskiy VM, Sizova ZA, Abaev VT, Nenajdenko VG. An Efficient Approach to 2-CF 3-Indoles Based on ortho-Nitrobenzaldehydes. Molecules 2021; 26:7365. [PMID: 34885948 PMCID: PMC8658784 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic olefination reaction of 2-nitrobenzaldehydes with CF3CCl3 afforded stereoselectively trifluoromethylated ortho-nitrostyrenes in up to 88% yield. The reaction of these alkenes with pyrrolidine permits preparation of α-CF3-β-(2-nitroaryl) enamines. Subsequent one pot reduction of nitro-group by Fe-AcOH-H2O system initiated intramolecular cyclization to afford 2-CF3-indoles. Target products can be prepared in up to 85% yields. Broad synthetic scope of the reaction was shown as well as some followed up transformations of 2- CF3-indole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliy M. Muzalevskiy
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia; (V.M.M.); (Z.A.S.)
| | - Zoia A. Sizova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia; (V.M.M.); (Z.A.S.)
| | - Vladimir T. Abaev
- North Ossetian State University, 44-46 Vatutina St., 362025 Vladikavkaz, Russia;
- North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355009 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Valentine G. Nenajdenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia; (V.M.M.); (Z.A.S.)
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7
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Muzalevskiy VM, Sizova ZA, Nenajdenko VG. An Efficient Synthesis of 2-CF 3-3-Benzylindoles. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165084. [PMID: 34443672 PMCID: PMC8401147 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of α-CF3-β-(2-nitroaryl) enamines with benzaldehydes afforded effectively α,β-diaryl-CF3-enones having nitro group. Subsequent reduction of nitro group by NH4HCO2-Pd/C system initiated intramolecular cyclization to give 2-CF3-3-benzylindoles. Target products can be prepared in up to quantitative yields. Broad synthetic scope of the reaction was shown. Probable mechanism of indole formation is proposed.
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8
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Kiyokawa K, Urashima N, Minakata S. Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-Catalyzed Formal Cyanoalkylation of Indoles with Cyanohydrins. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8389-8401. [PMID: 34077225 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the significant achievements related to the C3 functionalization of indoles, cyanoalkylation reactions continue to remain rather limited. We herein report on the formal C3 cyanoalkylation of indoles with cyanohydrins in the presence of a tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (B(C6F5)3) catalyst. It is noteworthy that cyanohydrins are used as a cyanoalkylating reagent in the present reaction, even though they are usually used as only a HCN source. Mechanistic investigations revealed the unique reactivity of the B(C6F5)3 catalyst in promoting the decomposition of a cyanohydrin by a Lewis acidic activation through the coordination of the cyano group to the boron center. In addition, a catalytic three-component reaction using indoles, aldehydes as a carbon unit, and acetone cyanohydrin that avoids the discrete preparation of each aldehyde-derived cyanohydrin is also reported. The developed methods provide straightforward, highly efficient, and atom-economic access to various types of synthetically useful indole-3-acetonitrile derivatives containing α-tertiary or quaternary carbon centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Kiyokawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naruyo Urashima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Rahaman M, Ali MS, Jahan K, Belayet JB, Rahman AFMT, Hossain MM. Chemistry of 3-hydroxy-2-aryl acrylate: syntheses, mechanisms, and applications. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01157f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
3-Hydroxy-2-aryl acrylate is important scaffold which is widely used for the synthesis of pharmacologically active compounds. This review summarises the synthetic methods of the 3-hydroxy-2-aryl acrylate including mechanisms and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizzanoor Rahaman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | - M. Shahnawaz Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | - Khorshada Jahan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | - Jawad Bin Belayet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
- Milwaukee
- USA
| | | | - M. Mahmun Hossain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee
- Milwaukee
- USA
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10
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Yuan H, Guo L, Liu F, Miao Z, Feng L, Gao H. Copper-Catalyzed Tandem O-Vinylation of Arylhydroxylamines/[3,3]-Rearrangement/Cyclization: Synthesis of Highly Substituted Indoles and Benzoindoles. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji’nan 250100, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lirong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji’nan 250100, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengting Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji’nan 250100, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zechen Miao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji’nan 250100, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji’nan 250100, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyin Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Ji’nan 250100, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Regioselective ring opening of styrene oxide by carbon nucleophiles catalyzed by metal–organic frameworks under solvent-free conditions. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Youssif BG, Abdelrahman MH, Abdelazeem AH, abdelgawad MA, Ibrahim HM, Salem OI, Mohamed MF, Treambleau L, Bukhari SNA. Design, synthesis, mechanistic and histopathological studies of small-molecules of novel indole-2-carboxamides and pyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1(2H)-ones as potential anticancer agents effecting the reactive oxygen species production. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 146:260-273. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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13
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Vitaku E, Smith DT, Njardarson JT. Metal-Free Synthesis of Fluorinated Indoles Enabled by Oxidative Dearomatization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edon Vitaku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - David T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - Jon T. Njardarson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
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14
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Vitaku E, Smith DT, Njardarson JT. Metal-Free Synthesis of Fluorinated Indoles Enabled by Oxidative Dearomatization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2243-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edon Vitaku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - David T. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
| | - Jon T. Njardarson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Arizona; 1306 E. University Blvd. Tucson AZ 85721 USA
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15
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Qiao B, Zhang L, Li R. A highly active and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of indole and phenyl ether. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16134g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new simple catalytic system consisting of copper-aluminium and hydrotalcite (CuAl–HT) has been developed using a facile one-pot method without harm to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University
- The Key Laboratory of Catalytic engineering of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Le Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University
- The Key Laboratory of Catalytic engineering of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou 730000, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- College of Jiu quan Vocational Technology
| | - Rong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University
- The Key Laboratory of Catalytic engineering of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou 730000, China
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16
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Microwave-assisted synthesis of fused tricyclic pyrazino[1,2-a]indole derivatives. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Tsyshchuk IE, Vorobyeva DV, Peregudov AS, Osipov SN. Cu-Catalyzed Carbenoid Functionalization of Indoles by Methyl 3,3,3-Trifluoro-2-diazopropionate. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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18
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Maruoka H, Okabe F, Takasu M, Masumoto E, Fujioka T, Yamagata K. An Approach to the Synthesis of Novel Dihydroindoles Bearing Electron-Withdrawing Groups at C-2 Position. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-s(s)21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Pesti JA, LaPorte T, Thornton JE, Spangler L, Buono F, Crispino G, Gibson F, Lobben P, Papaioannou CG. Commercial Synthesis of a Pyrrolotriazine–Fluoroindole Intermediate to Brivanib Alaninate: Process Development Directed toward Impurity Control. Org Process Res Dev 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/op400242j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaan A. Pesti
- Early Phase Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08923, United States
| | - Thomas LaPorte
- Early Phase Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08923, United States
| | - John E. Thornton
- Early Phase Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08923, United States
| | - Lori Spangler
- Early Phase Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08923, United States
| | - Frederic Buono
- Early Phase Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08923, United States
| | - Gerard Crispino
- Early Phase Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08923, United States
| | - Frank Gibson
- Early Phase Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08923, United States
| | - Paul Lobben
- Early Phase Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08923, United States
| | - Christos G. Papaioannou
- Early Phase Chemical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08923, United States
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21
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Karuvalam RP, Haridas KR, Sajith AM, Muralidharan A. A facile access to substituted indoles utilizing palladium catalyzed annulation under microwave enhanced conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.07.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Karuvalam RP, Pakkath R, Haridas KR, Rishikesan R, Kumari NS. Synthesis, characterization, and SAR studies of new (1H-indol-3-yl)alkyl-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanamide derivatives as possible antimicrobial and antitubercular agents. Med Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-012-0451-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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23
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Fraile JM, Le Jeune K, Mayoral JA, Ravasio N, Zaccheria F. CuO/SiO2 as a simple, effective and recoverable catalyst for alkylation of indole derivatives with diazo compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4327-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40264a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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24
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25
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Kondo T, Kanda T, Takagi D, Wada K, Kimura Y, Toshimitsu A. DEHYDROGENATIVE N-HETEROCYCLIZATION OF 2-(2-AmINOARYL)ETHYL ALCOHOLS TO INDOLE DERIVATIVES CATALYZED BY (μ-OXO)TETRARUTHENIUM CLUSTER/1,2-BIS(DIPHENYLPHOSPHINO)BENZENE. HETEROCYCLES 2012. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-s(n)124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Zhou F, Han X, Lu X. Synthesis of indoles via palladium-catalyzed C–H activation of N-aryl amides followed by coupling with alkynes. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Palmieri A, Gabrielli S, Lanari D, Vaccaro L, Ballini R. A New One-Pot Synthesis of Polysubstituted Indoles from Pyrroles and β-Nitroacrylates. Adv Synth Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201000965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Shimura S, Miura H, Wada K, Hosokawa S, Yamazoe S, Inoue M. Ceria-supported ruthenium catalysts for the synthesis of indole via dehydrogenative N-heterocyclization. Catal Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cy00235j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Rizk HF, El-Badawi MA, Ibrahim SA, El-Borai MA. Synthesis, Fastness and Spectral Properties of Some New Azo Pyrazole and Pyrazolotriazole Derivatives. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2010.54.6.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhu J, Zhang W, Zhang L, Liu J, Zheng J, Hu J. Copper-mediated fluoroalkylation reactions with iododifluoroacetamides: controlling the selectivity among cross-coupling, intramolecular cyclization, and homocoupling reactions. J Org Chem 2010; 75:5505-12. [PMID: 20704426 DOI: 10.1021/jo1005262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cu-mediated fluoroalkylation reactions with iododifluoroacetamides 1 have been systematically investigated. It was found that three types of reactions may coexist in Cu-mediated reactions between iododifluoroacetamides and aryl/alkenyl iodides: cross-coupling, intramolecular cyclization, and homocoupling reactions. The selectivity among these three types of reactions could be controlled by tuning the substituents on the nitrogen atom of iododifluoroacetamides, and/or by removing the cross-coupling reaction partner (aryl/alkenyl halides). The general rule is as follows: (a) in the presence of proper aryl/alkenyl iodides, the cross-coupling products 2 (or 6) are generally formed as the major products; (b) in the absence of aryl/alkenyl iodides, and when R(1) = alkyl and R(2) = aryl groups, or when R(1) = R(2) = aryl groups, the intramolecular cyclization products 3 can be formed predominantly; and (c) in the absence of aryl/alkenyl iodides, and when R(1) = R(2) = alkyl groups, or when R(1) = H and R(2) = alkyl, aryl groups, the homocoupling products 4 can be formed dominantly. Our experimental results also indicate that in many cases when cross-coupling, homocoupling, and intramolecular cyclization reactions coexist in the Cu-mediated reaction system, the reactivity decreases in the following order: cross-coupling > intramolecular cyclization > homocoupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Huang NY, Liu MG, Ding MW. Efficient Regioselective Synthesis of Indole N-Carboximidamides and N-Carboximidoates by a Sequential Aza-Wittig/Ag(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization. J Org Chem 2009; 74:6874-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jo901362c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Yu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Guo Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Wu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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Kraus GA, Guo H. A flexible synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted indoles from aminobenzyl phosphonium salts. A direct synthesis of rutaecarpine. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5337-41. [PMID: 19527008 DOI: 10.1021/jo900718g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of substituted (2-aminobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium bromides with aromatic aldehydes or alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes constitutes a new synthesis of 2,3-disubstitued indoles in high yields. The adduct from 4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazoline-2-carbaldehyde was an advanced intermediate in the synthesis of several rutaecarpines.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Kraus
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
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Karthikeyan SV, Perumal S, Shetty KA, Yogeeswari P, Sriram D. A microwave-assisted facile regioselective Fischer indole synthesis and antitubercular evaluation of novel 2-aryl-3,4-dihydro-2H-thieno[3,2-b]indoles. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:3006-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Revised: 04/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Maligres PE, Humphrey GR, Marcoux JF, Hillier MC, Zhao D, Krska S, Grabowski EJJ. Practical, Highly Convergent, Asymmetric Synthesis of a Selective PPARγ Modulator. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op8002882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter E. Maligres
- Department of Process Research, Merck & Co., Inc., P.O. 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Guy R. Humphrey
- Department of Process Research, Merck & Co., Inc., P.O. 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Jean-François Marcoux
- Department of Process Research, Merck & Co., Inc., P.O. 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Michael C. Hillier
- Department of Process Research, Merck & Co., Inc., P.O. 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Dalian Zhao
- Department of Process Research, Merck & Co., Inc., P.O. 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Shane Krska
- Department of Process Research, Merck & Co., Inc., P.O. 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Edward J. J. Grabowski
- Department of Process Research, Merck & Co., Inc., P.O. 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
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Bastos MM, Mayer LMU, Figueira ECS, Soares M, Boechat N, Kover WB. Synthesis of new 3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-indoles by reduction of trifluoromethyloxoindoles. J Heterocycl Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570450404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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36
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Sayyed IA, Alex K, Tillack A, Schwarz N, Spannenberg A, Michalik D, Beller M. Selective reduction and functionalization of diethyl 1-alkyl-1H-indole-2,3-dicarboxylates. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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One-pot oxidative carbon–carbon bond formation of 3-benzylic and 3-allylic indoles with carbon nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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38
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Das B, Thirupathi P, Kumar RA, Reddy KR. Efficient synthesis of 3-alkyl indoles through regioselective ring opening of epoxides catalyzed by sulfated zirconia. CATAL COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2007.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Sayyed IA, Alex K, Tillack A, Schwarz N, Michalik D, Beller M. A Convenient and General Method for the Synthesis of Indole-2,3-dicarboxylates and 2-Arylindole-3-carboxylates. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 3-hydroxy-2-oxo-3-trifluoromethylindole as potential HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-007-9004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Barluenga J, Jiménez-Aquino A, Valdés C, Aznar F. The azaallylic anion as a synthon for pd-catalyzed synthesis of heterocycles: domino two- and three-component synthesis of indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:1529-32. [PMID: 17225226 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Barluenga
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica Enrique Moles, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33071 Oviedo, Spain.
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Tomioka Y, Ohkubo K, Maruoka H. A novel synthesis of indole derivatives by the reaction ofN-arylhydroxamic acids with malononitrile. J Heterocycl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570440222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Barluenga J, Jiménez-Aquino A, Valdés C, Aznar F. The Azaallylic Anion as a Synthon for Pd-Catalyzed Synthesis of Heterocycles: Domino Two- and Three-Component Synthesis of Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Manian RDR, Jayashankaran J, Raghunathan R. A rapid access to indolo[2,1-a]pyrrolo[4′,3′:4,5]pyrano[5,6-c]coumarin/[6,5-c]chromone derivatives by domino Knoevenagal intramolecular hetero Diels–Alder reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.12.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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47
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Bandgar B, Patil AV. Fluoroboric acid adsorbed on silica gel catalyzed regioselective ring opening of epoxides with nitrogen heterocycles. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.10.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Aoyagi Y, Mizusaki T, Shishikura M, Komine T, Yoshinaga T, Inaba H, Ohta A, Takeya K. Efficient synthesis of pyrroles and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindoles via palladium-catalyzed oxidation of hydroxy-enamines. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Barberis C, Gordon TD, Thomas C, Zhang X, Cusack KP. Cu(I)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of ene-carbamates: synthesis of indoles and pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridines. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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