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Frenkel M, Hall A, Meyn MS, Diamond CA. An oligogenic case of severe neonatal thrombocytopenia and a purportedly benign variant in GFI1B requiring reinterpretation. Platelets 2023; 34:2237592. [PMID: 37577973 PMCID: PMC10653983 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2023.2237592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Although thrombocytopenia in neonatal intensive care patients is rarely due to inherited disorders, the number of genetic variants implicated in platelet defects has grown dramatically with increasing genome-wide sequencing. Here we describe a case of severe, oligogenic neonatal thrombocytopenia and reinterpret a reportedly benign mutation that is likely pathogenic. Despite this patient's synonymous mutation (GFI1B 576 C>T, Phe192=) being annotated as benign, GFI1B is a well-known regulator of megakaryopoiesis, this variant alters splicing and megakaryocyte maturation, and our analysis of existing genome-wide associated studies demonstrates that it likely causes gray platelet syndrome. This variant has not been reported in a case of life-threatening thrombocytopenia. We propose that the severity of this patient's phenotype is due to synergistic epistasis between the intrinsic platelet defect caused by this mutation and her concomitant inherited PMM2 congenital glycosylation disorder neither of which have been associated with such a severe phenotype. This case highlights the importance of whole-exome/genome sequencing for critically ill patients, reexamining variant interpretation when clinically indicated, and the need to study diverse genetic variation in hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Frenkel
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - April Hall
- Center for Human Genomics and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Stephen Meyn
- Center for Human Genomics and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Division of Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Carol A Diamond
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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2
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Starosta RT, Kerashvili N, Pruitt C, Schultz MJ, Boyer SW, Morava E, Lasio MLD, Grange DK. PIGO-CDG: A case study with a new genotype, expansion of the phenotype, literature review, and nosological considerations. JIMD Rep 2023; 64:424-433. [PMID: 37927489 PMCID: PMC10623102 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class O protein (PIGO) enzyme is an important step in the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), which is essential for the membrane anchoring of several proteins. Bi-allelic pathogenic variants in PIGO lead to a congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) characterized by global developmental delay, an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase levels, congenital anomalies including anorectal, genitourinary, and limb malformations in most patients; this phenotype has been alternately called "Mabry syndrome" or "hyperphosphatasia with impaired intellectual development syndrome 2." We report a 22-month-old female with PIGO deficiency caused by novel PIGO variants. In addition to the Mabry syndrome phenotype, our patient's clinical picture was complicated by intermittent hypoglycemia with signs of functional hyperinsulinism, severe secretory diarrhea, and osteopenia with a pathological fracture, thus, potentially expanding the known phenotype of this disorder, although more studies are necessary to confirm these associations. We also provide an updated review of the literature, and propose unifying the nomenclature of PIGO deficiency as "PIGO-CDG," which reflects its pathophysiology and position in the broad scope of metabolic disorders and congenital disorders of glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Tzovenos Starosta
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of PediatricsWashington University in St. LouisClaytonMissouriUSA
| | - Nino Kerashvili
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of NeurologyWashington University in St. LouisClaytonMissouriUSA
| | - Cassandra Pruitt
- Division of Academic Pediatrics, Department of PediatricsWashington University in St. LouisClaytonMissouriUSA
| | - Matthew J. Schultz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical GenomicsMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Maria Laura Duque Lasio
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of PediatricsWashington University in St. LouisClaytonMissouriUSA
- Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University in St. LouisClaytonMissouriUSA
| | - Dorothy K. Grange
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of PediatricsWashington University in St. LouisClaytonMissouriUSA
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3
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Boyer SW, Johnsen C, Morava E. Nutrition interventions in congenital disorders of glycosylation. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:463-481. [PMID: 35562242 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of more than 160 inborn errors of metabolism affecting multiple pathways of protein and lipid glycosylation. Patients present with a wide range of symptoms and therapies are only available for very few subtypes. Specific nutritional treatment options for certain CDG types include oral supplementation of monosaccharide sugars, manganese, uridine, or pyridoxine. Additional management includes specific diets (i.e., complex carbohydrate or ketogenic diet), iron supplementation, and albumin infusions. We review the dietary management in CDG with a focus on two subgroups: N-linked glycosylation defects and GPI-anchor disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne W Boyer
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christin Johnsen
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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4
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Tiwary H, Hecht LE, Brucker WJ, Berry GT, Rodig NM. The development of end stage renal disease in two patients with PMM2-CDG. JIMD Rep 2022; 63:131-136. [PMID: 35281664 PMCID: PMC8898725 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report two patients with PMM2-CDG who developed end stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal abnormalities of clinical significance have only been reported in about 6% of patients with PMM2-CDG and have rarely been reported as the cause of death. Given the recurrent episodes of acute kidney injury associated with hospital admissions and the accelerated development of ESRD thereafter in our two patients, we recommend proactively involving Nephrology early in the care of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henna Tiwary
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Leah E. Hecht
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Gerard T. Berry
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Nancy M. Rodig
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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5
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De Graef D, Mousa J, Waberski MB, Morava E. Mannose treatment improves immune deficiency in mannose phosphate isomerase-congenital disorder of glycosylation: case report and review of literature. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN RARE DISEASE 2022; 3:26330040221091283. [PMID: 37180423 PMCID: PMC10032425 DOI: 10.1177/26330040221091283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Mannose phosphate isomerase-congenital disorder of glycosylation (MPI-CDG) is a CDG presenting with a clinically recognizable presentation, including early hypoglycemia, coagulation defects, and gastrointestinal and hepatic symptoms. We report on a female patient with biallelic pathogenic mutations in the MPI gene who presented with recurrent respiratory infections and abnormal IgM levels, but none of the classic symptoms associated with MPI-CDG. Oral mannose therapy led to a fast improvement in serum IgM levels and transferrin glycosylation in our patient. The patient did not experience severe infections after the initiation of treatment. We also reviewed the immune phenotype in patients so far reported with MPI-CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diederik De Graef
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jehan Mousa
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and
Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Park JH, Marquardt T. Treatment Options in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation. Front Genet 2021; 12:735348. [PMID: 34567084 PMCID: PMC8461064 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.735348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the identification and diagnosis of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), treatment options remain limited and are often constrained to symptomatic management of disease manifestations. However, recent years have seen significant advances in treatment and novel therapies aimed both at the causative defect and secondary disease manifestations have been transferred from bench to bedside. In this review, we aim to give a detailed overview of the available therapies and rising concepts to treat these ultra-rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien H Park
- Department of General Pediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thorsten Marquardt
- Department of General Pediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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Ziburová J, Nemčovič M, Šesták S, Bellová J, Pakanová Z, Siváková B, Šalingová A, Šebová C, Ostrožlíková M, Lekka DE, Brucknerová J, Brucknerová I, Skokňová M, Mc Cullough A, Hrčková G, Hlavatá A, Bzdúch V, Mucha J, Baráth P. A novel homozygous mutation in the human ALG12 gene results in an aberrant profile of oligomannose N-glycans in patient's serum. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:3494-3501. [PMID: 34467644 PMCID: PMC9291070 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ig (ALG12-CDG) is a rare inherited metabolic disease caused by a defect in alpha-mannosyltransferase 8, encoded by the ALG12 gene (22q13.33). To date, only 15 patients have been diagnosed with ALG12-CDG globally. Due to a newborn Slovak patient's clinical and biochemical abnormalities, the isoelectric focusing of transferrin was performed with observed significant hypoglycosylation typical of CDG I. Furthermore, analysis of neutral serum N-glycans by mass spectrometry revealed the accumulation of GlcNAc2Man5-7 and decreased levels of GlcNAc2Man8-9, which indicated impaired ALG12 enzymatic activity. Genetic analysis of the coding regions of the ALG12 gene of the patient revealed a novel homozygous substitution mutation c.1439T>C p.(Leu480Pro) within Exon 10. Furthermore, both of the patient's parents and his twin sister were asymptomatic heterozygous carriers of the variant. This comprehensive genomic and glycomic approach led to the confirmation of the ALG12 pathogenic variant responsible for the clinical manifestation of the disorder in the patient described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ziburová
- Department of Glycobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Nemčovič
- Department of Glycobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sergej Šesták
- Department of Glycobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Bellová
- Department of Glycobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Pakanová
- Department of Glycobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Siváková
- Department of Glycobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anna Šalingová
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Claudia Šebová
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Ostrožlíková
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dimitra-Evanthia Lekka
- Department of Neonatology and Intensive Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Brucknerová
- Department of Neonatology and Intensive Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ingrid Brucknerová
- Department of Neonatology and Intensive Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Skokňová
- Department of Neonatology and Intensive Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alexandra Mc Cullough
- Department of Neonatology and Intensive Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabriela Hrčková
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anna Hlavatá
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimír Bzdúch
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Mucha
- Department of Glycobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Baráth
- Department of Glycobiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Bratislava, Slovakia
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8
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Broadly effective metabolic and immune recovery with C5 inhibition in CHAPLE disease. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:128-139. [PMID: 33398182 PMCID: PMC7856263 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-00830-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Complement hyperactivation, angiopathic thrombosis and protein-losing enteropathy (CHAPLE disease) is a lethal disease caused by genetic loss of the complement regulatory protein CD55, leading to overactivation of complement and innate immunity together with immunodeficiency due to immunoglobulin wasting in the intestine. We report in vivo human data accumulated using the complement C5 inhibitor eculizumab for the medical treatment of patients with CHAPLE disease. We observed cessation of gastrointestinal pathology together with restoration of normal immunity and metabolism. We found that patients rapidly renormalized immunoglobulin concentrations and other serum proteins as revealed by aptamer profiling, re-established a healthy gut microbiome, discontinued immunoglobulin replacement and other treatments and exhibited catch-up growth. Thus, we show that blockade of C5 by eculizumab effectively re-establishes regulation of the innate immune complement system to substantially reduce the pathophysiological manifestations of CD55 deficiency in humans.
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9
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Lipiński P, Bogdańska A, Socha P, Tylki-Szymańska A. Liver Involvement in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation and Deglycosylation. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:696918. [PMID: 34291020 PMCID: PMC8286991 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.696918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and NGLY1-CDDG (NGLY1-congenital disorder of deglycosylation) usually represent multisystem (especially neurovisceral) diseases with liver involvement reported in some of them. The aim of the study was to characterize the liver phenotype in CDG and NGLY1-CDDG patients hospitalized in our Institute, and to find the most specific features of liver disease among them. Material and Methods: The study involved 39 patients (from 35 families) with CDG, and two patients (from two families) with NGLY1-CDDG, confirmed molecularly, for whom detailed characteristics of liver involvement were available. They were enrolled based on the retrospective analysis of their medical records. Results: At the time of the first consultation, 13/32 patients were diagnosed with hepatomegaly; none of them with splenomegaly. As many as 23/32 persons had elevated serum transaminases, including 16 (70%) who had mildly elevated levels. During the long-term follow-up (available for 19 patients), serum transaminases normalized in 15/19 (79%) of them, including a spontaneous normalization in 12/15 (80%) of them. The GGT activity was observed to be normal in all study cases. Protein C, protein S and antithrombin activities in plasma were observed in 16 patients, and they were decreased in all of them. Conclusions: It is necessary to conduct a long-term follow-up of liver disease in CDG to obtain comprehensive data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Lipiński
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bogdańska
- Department of Biochemistry, Radioimmunology and Experimental Medicine, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Socha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Difficulties and Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Tylki-Szymańska
- Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Poskanzer SA, Schultz MJ, Turgeon CT, Vidal-Folch N, Liedtke K, Oglesbee D, Gavrilov DK, Tortorelli S, Matern D, Rinaldo P, Bennett JT, Thies JM, Chang IJ, Beck AE, Raymond K, Allenspach EJ, Lam C. Immune dysfunction in MGAT2-CDG: A clinical report and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 185:213-218. [PMID: 33044030 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a critical post/peri-translational modification required for the appropriate development and function of the immune system. As an example, abnormalities in glycosylation can cause antibody deficiency and reduced lymphocyte signaling, although the phenotype can be complex given the diverse roles of glycosylation. Human MGAT2 encodes N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase II, which is a critical enzyme in the processing of oligomannose to complex N-glycans. Complex N-glycans are essential for immune system functionality, but only one individual with MGAT2-CDG has been described to have an abnormal immunologic evaluation. MGAT2-CDG (CDG-IIa) is a congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) associated with profound global developmental disability, hypotonia, early onset epilepsy, and other multisystem manifestations. Here, we report a 4-year old female with MGAT2-CDG due to a novel homozygous pathogenic variant in MGAT2, a 4-base pair deletion, c.1006_1009delGACA. In addition to clinical features previously described in MGAT2-CDG, she experienced episodic asystole, persistent hypogammaglobulinemia, and defective ex vivo mitogen and antigen proliferative responses, but intact specific vaccine antibody titers. Her infection history has been mild despite the testing abnormalities. We compare this patient to the 15 previously reported patients in the literature, thus expanding both the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum for MGAT2-CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri A Poskanzer
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Matthew J Schultz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Coleman T Turgeon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Noemi Vidal-Folch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kris Liedtke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Devin Oglesbee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dimitar K Gavrilov
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Silvia Tortorelli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dietrich Matern
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Piero Rinaldo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - James T Bennett
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jenny M Thies
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Irene J Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Anita E Beck
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kimiyo Raymond
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Eric J Allenspach
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christina Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
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11
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Ondruskova N, Cechova A, Hansikova H, Honzik T, Jaeken J. Congenital disorders of glycosylation: Still "hot" in 2020. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129751. [PMID: 32991969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are inherited metabolic diseases caused by defects in the genes important for the process of protein and lipid glycosylation. With the ever growing number of the known subtypes and discoveries regarding the disease mechanisms and therapy development, it remains a very active field of study. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review brings an update on the CDG-related research since 2017, describing the novel gene defects, pathobiomechanisms, biomarkers and the patients' phenotypes. We also summarize the clinical guidelines for the most prevalent disorders and the current therapeutical options for the treatable CDG. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS In the majority of the 23 new CDG, neurological involvement is associated with other organ disease. Increasingly, different aspects of cellular metabolism (e.g., autophagy) are found to be perturbed in multiple CDG. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This work highlights the recent trends in the CDG field and comprehensively overviews the up-to-date clinical recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Ondruskova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Cechova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hansikova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Honzik
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaak Jaeken
- Department of Paediatrics and Centre for Metabolic Diseases, KU Leuven and University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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12
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Uddin MA, Barabutis N. P53 in the impaired lungs. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 95:102952. [PMID: 32846356 PMCID: PMC7437512 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our laboratory is focused on investigating the supportive role of P53 towards the maintenance of lung homeostasis. Acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, bronchial asthma, pulmonary arterial hypertension, pneumonia and tuberculosis are respiratory pathologies, associated with dysfunctions of this endothelium defender (P53). Herein we review the evolving role of P53 towards the aforementioned inflammatory disorders, to potentially reveal new therapeutic possibilities in pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Uddin
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71201, USA
| | - Nektarios Barabutis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71201, USA.
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