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Gudasheva TA, Deeva OA, Mokrov GV, Dyabina AS, Yarkova MA, Seredenin SB. Design, Synthesis and Anxiolytic Activity Evaluation of N-Acyltryptophanyl- Containing Dipeptides, Potential TSPO Ligands#. Med Chem 2019; 15:383-399. [DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666181119164846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), previously known as the peripheral- type benzodiazepine receptor, plays a key role for the synthesis of neurosteroids by promoting transport of cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is the ratelimiting step in neurosteroid biosynthesis. Neurosteroids interact with nonbenzodiazepine site of GABAa receptor causing an anxiolytic effect without the side effects.Methods:Using the original peptide drug-based design strategy, the first putative dipeptide ligand of the TSPO N-carbobenzoxy-L-tryptophanyl-L-isoleucine amide (GD-23) was obtained. Molecular docking of GD-23 in the active pocket of the TSPO receptor using Glide software was carried out. The lead compounds GD-23 and its analogues were synthesized using activated succinimide esters coupling method. The anxiolytic activity of GD-23 and its analogues was investigated in vivo, using two validated behavioral tests, illuminated open field and elevated plus-maze.Results:he in vivo studies revealed that the following parameters are necessary for the manifestation of anxiolytic activity of new compounds: the L-configuration of tryptophan, the presence of an amide group at the C-terminus, the specific size of the N-acyl substituent at the Nterminus. Compound GD-23 (N-carbobenzoxy-L-tryptophanyl-L-isoleucine amide) demonstrated a high anxiolytic-like effect in the doses of 0.05–1.0 mg/kg i.p. comparable with that of diazepam. Compound GD-23 was also active in the open field test when was administered orally in the doses of 0.1-5.0 mg/kg. The involvement of TSPO receptor in the mechanism of anxiolytic-like activity of new compounds was proved by the antagonism of compound GD-23 with TSPO selective inhibitor PK11195 as well as with inhibitors of enzymes which are involved in the biosynthesis of neurosteroids, trilostane and finasteride.Conclusion:A series of N-acyl-tryptophanyl-containing dipeptides were designed and synthesized as 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) ligands. Using a drug-based peptide design method a series of the first dipeptide TSPO ligands have been designed and synthesized and their anxiolytic activity has been evaluated. In general, some of the compounds displayed a high level of anxiolytic efficacy comparable with that of diazepam. The involvement of TSPO receptor in the mechanism of anxiolytic activity of new compounds was proved using two methods. On this basis, the N-acyl-Ltryptophanyl- isoleucine amides could potentially be a novel class of TSPO ligands with anxiolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga A. Deeva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution , Russian Federation
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Moroder L, Musiol HJ. Insulin - von seiner Entdeckung bis zur industriellen Synthese moderner Insulin-Analoga. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201702493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Moroder
- Bioorganische Chemie; Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie; Am Klopferspitz 18 82152 Martinsried Deutschland
| | - Hans-Jürgen Musiol
- Bioorganische Chemie; Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie; Am Klopferspitz 18 82152 Martinsried Deutschland
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Moroder L, Musiol HJ. Insulin-From its Discovery to the Industrial Synthesis of Modern Insulin Analogues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10656-10669. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201702493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Moroder
- Bioorganic Chemistry; Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry; Am Klopferspitz 18 82152 Martinsried Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Musiol
- Bioorganic Chemistry; Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry; Am Klopferspitz 18 82152 Martinsried Germany
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Adams E. Derivatives and peptides of 4-hydroxyproline. A compendium. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 9:293-309. [PMID: 892991 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1977.tb03493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Adams E. Synthesis of peptides and derivatives of 3- and 4- hydroxyproline. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 2009; 8:503-16. [PMID: 965158 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1976.tb02531.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and properties are reported for a number of peptides and related derivatives of 3-hydroxy-L-proline and 4-hydroxyl-L-proline. These were made for several different purposes, namely, sythesis of N-acetyl-O-tosyl-4-hydroxy-L-proline amide as a model for chemical reduction of peptide-bound hydroxyproline, synthesis of tripeptides with the sequence glycyl-4-hydroxy-L-hydroxy-L-prolyl-X, synthesis of the naturally occurring sequence, glycyl-3-hydroxy-L-prolyl-4-hydroxy-L-proline, and monomers for polymerization to yield the sequence -glycyl-prolyl-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Witkop
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Wieland T. The toxic peptides from Amanita mushrooms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 1983; 22:257-76. [PMID: 6354951 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1983.tb02093.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The results of 50 years of effort in the chemistry of Amanita toxins are reviewed. The phallotoxins, fast acting components, but not responsible for fatal intoxications after ingestion, are bicyclic heptapeptides. They combine with F-actin, stabilizing this protein against several destabilizing influences. The virotoxins likewise fast acting are monocyclic heptapeptides. The amatoxins which are the real toxins lead to death within several days by inhibiting the enzymatic synthesis of m-RNA. They are bicyclic octapeptides. The structures of all of these compounds are described, as well as conformations, chemical reactions and modification, syntheses and correlations between structures and biological activities.
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Sieber P, Kamber B, Riniker B, Rittel W. Iodine Oxidation ofS-Trityl- andS-Acetamidomethyl-cysteine-peptides Containing Tryptophan: Conditions Leading to the Formation of Tryptophan-2-thioethers. Helv Chim Acta 1980. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19800630826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zanotti G, Birr C, Wieland T. Syntheses of monocyclic and bicyclic peptides of tryptathionine and glycine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 1978; 12:204-16. [PMID: 711377 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1978.tb02888.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
L-3a-Hydroxy-1.2.3.3a.8.8a-hexahydropyrrolo [2,3-b-]-indole-2-carboxylic acid (Hpi), obtained from L-tryptophan by oxidation with peroxyacetic acid (Savige, 1975), after introduction of the Boc-residue at N-1, is coupled with various glycine peptides of S-trityl-L-cysteine to give the Hpi-peptides 6(a-f). By treatment with absolute trifluoroacetic acid these peptides are converted by an intramolecular thiolysis to the monocyclic thioethers 7(a-f). Two of them, 7e and 7f, can be subjected to a second cyclization by the mixed anhydride method thus yielding the bicyclic tryptathionine heptapeptide 8e and octapeptide 8f. In their structures the bicyclic molecules resemble the mushroom phallotoxins and amatoxins, respectively. They show CD spectra closely related to the naturally occurring bicyclic peptides thus indicating conformational similarities. The CD spectra of the other cyclic peptides synthesized are also presented and discussed.
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Ohta T, Nakai T. The reaction of tryptophan with cystine during acid hydrolysis of proteins. Formation of tryptathionine as a transient intermediate in a model system. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 533:440-5. [PMID: 647018 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(78)90389-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Under the conditions commonly used to hydrolyze proteins with 6 M HCl, tryptophan reacted with cystine to give a transient intermediate, which was isolated and identified as 2-(2-amino-2-carboxyethylthio)tryptophan (tryptathionine) by NMR studies, etc. Studies on the formation and degradation of the above compound showed that beta-3-oxoindolylalanine and cysteine, which were previously reported to be the main degradation products of tryptophan and cystine, respectively, are formed by the hydrolysis of this intermediate during the course of the reaction.
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Wieland T, Birr C, Zanotti G. L,L-3,6-[Methanothio(2,3-indolo)methano]piperazin-2,5-dion, das kleinste Phallotoxin-Modellpeptid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1978. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19780900129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Palyza V. [Chromatography of Amanita toxins. 3. Determination of amanitine with phosphoric acids]. J Chromatogr A 1973; 76:499-501. [PMID: 4734700 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)96939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Fahrenholz F, Faulstich H, Wieland T. [Components of the green deathcap toadstool, amanita phalloides. XLII. Peptide syntheses. 48. Synthesis of norphalloin and of a monocyclic compound with 18-membered ring]. JUSTUS LIEBIGS ANNALEN DER CHEMIE 1971; 743:83-94. [PMID: 5102058 DOI: 10.1002/jlac.19717430110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Wieland T, Faulstich H, Fahrenholz F. [Synthesis of building blocks of norphalloin: allo-L-hydroxyprolyl-L-alanyl-L-tryptophyl-L-norvaline-methylester and of boc-L-alanyl-D-threonyl-L-cysteine]. JUSTUS LIEBIGS ANNALEN DER CHEMIE 1971; 743:77-82. [PMID: 5546722 DOI: 10.1002/jlac.19717430109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Wieland T, Jochum C, Faulstich H. [Optimization of the synthesis of indolyl-2-thioether from derivatives of tryptophane and cysteine]. JUSTUS LIEBIGS ANNALEN DER CHEMIE 1969; 727:138-42. [PMID: 5823708 DOI: 10.1002/jlac.19697270117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Wieland T. The toxic peptides of Amanita phalloides. FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 1967; 25:214-50. [PMID: 4879549 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-8164-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Wieland T, Grimm D. Indole zum Vergleich mit Amanitagiften, V: Thioäthersynthesen in der Oxindol-, Indolin- und Indolreihe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1965. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19650980608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Wieland T, Sarges R. Über Peptidsynthesen, XXV. Zur Synthese von Tryptathioninpeptiden. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1962. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.19626580116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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BIRKINSHAW JH, STICKINGS CE. Nitrogen-containing metabolites of fungi. FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 1962; 20:1-40. [PMID: 13971136 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-7153-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
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Wieland T, Schöpf A. Über die Giftstoffe des grünen Knollenblätterpilzes, XVIII Ergänzungen zur Phalloidin-formel; Ketophalloidin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1959. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.19596260119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Moroder L, Besse D, Musiol HJ, Rudolph-Böhner S, Siedler F. Oxidative folding of cystine-rich peptides vs regioselective cysteine pairing strategies. Biopolymers 1996; 40:207-34. [PMID: 8785364 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(1996)40:2<207::aid-bip2>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The methodology of regioselective cysteine pairings in synthetic multiple-cystine peptides has progressed in the past years to an efficiency that allows for at least three specific inter- and intrachain disulfide bridgings. Conformational studies on various multiple-cystine peptides like hormones, protease inhibitors, and toxins revealed that these bioactive peptides, generated by posttranslational processing of precursor proteins, are folded into miniprotein-like compact globular structures of remarkable stability. This strongly suggests protein domain or subdomain properties of these families of peptides, and thus sufficient sequence-encoded information for correct oxidative refolding under appropriate experimental conditions. From intensive research on the mechanisms and pathways of oxidative refolding of proteins in vivo and in vitro, the efficient methods have emerged for simulating nature in the regeneration of native folds not only for intact proteins, but also for protein domains and subdomains. In fact, the results obtained in the oxidative folding of excised protein fragments and of relatively low mass products of posttranslational processings show that this procedure is indeed a simple way of preparing peptides with several disulfide bonds, if optimization of reaction conditions is performed in terms of redox buffer, temperature, and additives capable of disrupting aggregates and of stabilizing nascent secondary structures. Moreover, with increased knowledge about stable, small natural cystine frameworks, their use instead of artificial templates should facilitate engineering of synthetic miniproteins with specific conformation and tailored functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Moroder
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, Germany
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