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Fukuyama Y, Kubo M, Harada K. Neurotrophic Natural Products. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 123:1-473. [PMID: 38340248 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42422-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT3, NT4) can decrease cell death, induce differentiation, as well as sustain the structure and function of neurons, which make them promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, neurotrophins have not been very effective in clinical trials mostly because they cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier owing to being high-molecular-weight proteins. Thus, neurotrophin-mimic small molecules, which stimulate the synthesis of endogenous neurotrophins or enhance neurotrophic actions, may serve as promising alternatives to neurotrophins. Small-molecular-weight natural products, which have been used in dietary functional foods or in traditional medicines over the course of human history, have a great potential for the development of new therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this contribution, a variety of natural products possessing neurotrophic properties such as neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth promotion (neuritogenesis), and neuroprotection are described, and a focus is made on the chemistry and biology of several neurotrophic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Miwa Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
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Cho YT, Adak A, Su YY, Chang TW, Lin CC. Chemoenzymatic Total Synthesis of the Neuritogenic Echinoderm Ganglioside LLG‐5 and Related Analogues. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Tseng HK, Su YY, Chang TW, Liu HC, Li PJ, Chiang PY, Lin CC. Acceptor-mediated regioselective enzyme catalyzed sialylation: chemoenzymatic synthesis of GAA-7 ganglioside glycan. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3468-3471. [PMID: 33688902 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00653c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we applied PmST1 (a sialyltransferase) to achieve acceptor-mediated regioselective sialylation (AMRS) on the nonreducing end GalNH2 or GalAz (2-azido-2-deoxy galactose). Thus, C5 and C8-modified sialic acid was efficiently assembled on GalNH2 (or GalAz) to achieve the synthesis of the GAA-7 (one of the echinodermatous gangliosides with higher neuritogenic activity) glycan moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Kai Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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Sialic acid and biology of life: An introduction. SIALIC ACIDS AND SIALOGLYCOCONJUGATES IN THE BIOLOGY OF LIFE, HEALTH AND DISEASE 2020. [PMCID: PMC7153325 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816126-5.00001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acids are important molecule with high structural diversity. They are known to occur in higher animals such as Echinoderms, Hemichordata, Cephalochorda, and Vertebrata and also in other animals such as Platyhelminthes, Cephalopoda, and Crustaceae. Plants are known to lack sialic acid. But they are reported to occur in viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and fungi. Deaminated neuraminic acid although occurs in vertebrates and bacteria, is reported to occur in abundance in the lower vertebrates. Sialic acids are mostly located in terminal ends of glycoproteins and glycolipids, capsular and tissue polysialic acids, bacterial lipooligosaccharides/polysaccharides, and in different forms that dictate their role in biology. Sialic acid play important roles in human physiology of cell-cell interaction, communication, cell-cell signaling, carbohydrate-protein interactions, cellular aggregation, development processes, immune reactions, reproduction, and in neurobiology and human diseases in enabling the infection process by bacteria and virus, tumor growth and metastasis, microbiome biology, and pathology. It enables molecular mimicry in pathogens that allows them to escape host immune responses. Recently sialic acid has found role in therapeutics. In this chapter we have highlighted the (i) diversity of sialic acid, (ii) their occurrence in the diverse life forms, (iii) sialylation and disease, and (iv) sialic acid and therapeutics.
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Abstract
Sialic acids are cytoprotectors, mainly localized on the surface of cell membranes with multiple and outstanding cell biological functions. The history of their structural analysis, occurrence, and functions is fascinating and described in this review. Reports from different researchers on apparently similar substances from a variety of biological materials led to the identification of a 9-carbon monosaccharide, which in 1957 was designated "sialic acid." The most frequently occurring member of the sialic acid family is N-acetylneuraminic acid, followed by N-glycolylneuraminic acid and O-acetylated derivatives, and up to now over about 80 neuraminic acid derivatives have been described. They appeared first in the animal kingdom, ranging from echinoderms up to higher animals, in many microorganisms, and are also expressed in insects, but are absent in higher plants. Sialic acids are masks and ligands and play as such dual roles in biology. Their involvement in immunology and tumor biology, as well as in hereditary diseases, cannot be underestimated. N-Glycolylneuraminic acid is very special, as this sugar cannot be expressed by humans, but is a xenoantigen with pathogenetic potential. Sialidases (neuraminidases), which liberate sialic acids from cellular compounds, had been known from very early on from studies with influenza viruses. Sialyltransferases, which are responsible for the sialylation of glycans and elongation of polysialic acids, are studied because of their significance in development and, for instance, in cancer. As more information about the functions in health and disease is acquired, the use of sialic acids in the treatment of diseases is also envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Schauer
- Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Johannis P Kamerling
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
Covering: 2015. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2016, 33, 382-431This review covers the literature published in 2015 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 1220 citations (792 for the period January to December 2015) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1340 in 429 papers for 2015), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Murray H G Munro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Michèle R Prinsep
- Chemistry, School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Total synthesis and in vitro bioevaluation of clavaminols A, C, H & deacetyl clavaminol H as potential chemotherapeutic and antibiofilm agents. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 120:86-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Hung JT, Yeh CH, Yang SA, Lin CY, Tai HJ, Shelke GB, Reddy DM, Yu AL, Luo SY. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Ganglioside Hp-s1 Analogues Varying at Glucosyl Moiety. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1107-11. [PMID: 27276519 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganglioside Hp-s1 is isolated from the ovary of sea urchin Diadema setosum. It exhibited better neuritogenic activity than GM1 in pheochromocytoma 12 cells. To explore the roles of glucosyl moiety of Hp-s1 in contributing to the neurogenic activity, we developed feasible procedures for synthesis of Hp-s1 analogues (2a-2f). The glucosyl moiety of Hp-s1 was replaced with α-glucose, α-galactose, β-galactose, α-mannose, and β-mannose, and their biological activities on SH-SY5Y cells and natural killer T (NKT) cells were evaluated. We found that the orientation of C-2 hydroxyl group at glucosyl moiety of Hp-s1 plays an important role to induce neurite outgrowth of SH-SY5Y cells. Surprisingly, compound 2d could activate NKT cells to produce interleukin 2, although it did not show great activity on neurite outgrowth of SH-SY5Y cells. In general, the Hp-s1 might be considered as a lead compound for the development of novel drugs aimed at modulating the activity of neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Tung Hung
- Institute
of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hong Yeh
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-An Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ya Lin
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ju Tai
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ganesh B. Shelke
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | | | - Alice L. Yu
- Institute
of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yuan Luo
- Department
of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Li Y, Xue M, Sheng X, Yu H, Zeng J, Thon V, Chen Y, Muthana MM, Wang PG, Chen X. Donor substrate promiscuity of bacterial β1-3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases and acceptor substrate flexibility of β1-4-galactosyltransferases. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1696-705. [PMID: 26968649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
β1-3-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases (β3GlcNAcTs) and β1-4-galactosyltransferases (β4GalTs) have been broadly used in enzymatic synthesis of N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc)-containing oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates including poly-LacNAc, and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) found in the milk of human and other mammals. In order to explore oligosaccharides and derivatives that can be synthesized by the combination of β3GlcNAcTs and β4GalTs, donor substrate specificity studies of two bacterial β3GlcNAcTs from Helicobacter pylori (Hpβ3GlcNAcT) and Neisseria meningitidis (NmLgtA), respectively, using a library of 39 sugar nucleotides were carried out. The two β3GlcNAcTs have complementary donor substrate promiscuity and 13 different trisaccharides were produced. They were used to investigate the acceptor substrate specificities of three β4GalTs from Neisseria meningitidis (NmLgtB), Helicobacter pylori (Hpβ4GalT), and bovine (Bβ4GalT), respectively. Ten of the 13 trisaccharides were shown to be tolerable acceptors for at least one of these β4GalTs. The application of NmLgtA in one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthesis of two trisaccharides including GalNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcβProN3 and Galβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc was demonstrated. The study provides important information for using these glycosyltransferases as powerful catalysts in enzymatic and chemoenzymatic syntheses of oligosaccharides and derivatives which can be useful probes and reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mengyang Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Xue Sheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
| | - Vireak Thon
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Musleh M Muthana
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Peng G Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Tamai H, Imamura A, Ogawa J, Ando H, Ishida H, Kiso M. First Total Synthesis of Ganglioside GAA-7 from StarfishAsterias amurensis versicolor. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Tamai H, Ando H, Ishida H, Kiso M. First synthesis of a pentasaccharide moiety of ganglioside GAA-7 containing unusually modified sialic acids through the use of N-Troc-sialic acid derivative as a key unit. Org Lett 2012; 14:6342-5. [PMID: 23228133 DOI: 10.1021/ol303122w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The pentasaccharide part of the potent neuritogenic ganglioside GAA-7 has been synthesized for the first time. The unique branched terminus constituting partially modified sialic acids and N-acetylgalactosamine was successfully established by stereoselective double-sialylation using 8-O-methyl-N-Troc-sialic acid as a donor. The final 4 + 1 coupling reaction provided a high yield of pentasaccharide, which was deprotected to deliver the target molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tamai
- Department of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu-shi, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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12
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Dong G, Xu T, Yang B, Lin X, Zhou X, Yang X, Liu Y. Chemical constituents and bioactivities of starfish. Chem Biodivers 2011; 8:740-91. [PMID: 21560228 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Starfish have been the research topic in many chemical and pharmacological laboratories due to their complex secondary metabolites and diverse bioactivities. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date review on the chemistry and bioactivity of compounds isolated from all kinds of starfish to illustrate the chemodiversity and biological significance of these constituents, along with their geographical distribution where it is discernible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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13
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Miyamoto T, Higuchi R. Glycosphingolipids of Echinoderms-The Chemical Diversity of Carbohydrate and Ceramide Structure-. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2010. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.68.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Inagaki M, Saito T, Miyamoto T, Higuchi R. Isolation and structure of hematoside-type ganglioside from the starfish Linckia laevigata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:204-6. [PMID: 19182413 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A hematoside-type ganglioside, LLG-1 (1), has been obtained from the polar lipid fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the starfish Linckia laevigata. The structure of the ganglioside has been determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence as 1-O-[N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl-(2-->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide. The ceramide moiety was composed of heterogeneous 2-hydroxy fatty acid and phytosphingosine units. This is the first report on the isolation and structure elucidation of naked hematoside-type ganglioside from echinoderms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Inagaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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15
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Yamada K, Tanabe K, Miyamoto T, Kusumoto T, Inagaki M, Higuchi R. Isolation and Structure of a Monomethylated Ganglioside Possessing Neuritogenic Activity from the Ovary of the Sea Urchin Diadema setosum. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:734-7. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Kaoru Tanabe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University
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17
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Kelly MS. Echinoderms: their culture and bioactive compounds. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2007. [PMID: 17152697 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-27683-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Of the five extant classes of echinoderms, it is the sea urchins (Echinoidea) and the sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) that are both commercially fished and heavily overexploited. In sea urchins, it is the gonad of both males and females, normally referred to as'roe', that is a sought-after food. In the sea cucumber, the principal product is the boiled and dried body-wall or 'bêche-de-mer' for which there is an increasing demand. Many sea urchin and sea cucumber fisheries still have no management system or restrictions in place, and for those that do, the prognosis for catches to continue even at a reduced level is poor. Cultivation of these species increasingly becomes a necessity, both for stock enhancement programs and as a means to meet market demand. Sea urchin culture has been practised on a large scale in Japan for many decades, and effective methods for the culture and reseeding of species in these waters have been long established. Juvenile urchins are produced in their millions in state-sponsored hatcheries, for release to managed areas of seafloor. Outside of Japan, sea urchin cultivation is still a fairly recent practice, less than 10 years old, and largely still at a research level, although a range of species are now being produced in a variety of different culture systems. It is essential that the culture systems are adapted to be species-specific and meet with local environmental constraints. Sea cucumber cultivation originated in Japan in the 1930s and is now well established there and in China. Methods for mass cultivation of the tropical Holothuria scabra are now well established and practised in India, Australia, Indonesia, the Maldives and the Solomon Islands, with the focus of the research effort for both temperate and tropical species being centred on the production of juveniles in hatcheries for the restoration and enhancement of wild stocks. Like many other marine organisms, echinoderms have been, and continue to be, examined as a source of biologically active compounds with biomedical applications. Sea cucumber has been valued in Chinese medicine for hundreds of years as a cure for a wide variety of ailments. Some more recently isolated compounds, mainly from sea cucumbers and starfish, and including those with antitumour, antiviral, anticoagulant and antimicrobial activity are summarised below. When wild stocks decline, the demand created in the market place raises to the price of the product and, consequently, culturing is more likely to become viable economically. As this review shows, there have been dramatic advances in the culture methods of sea urchins and sea cucumbers in the last 10-15 years, to the extent that one can conclude that currently the major obstacles to successful cultivation are indeed economic rather than biological. Hence the future of the echinoculture industry is closely linked to that of the fisheries, whose fate will ultimately determine the market forces that will shape this growing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Kelly
- Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Argyll, Scotland, PA37 IQA, UK.
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Kaneko M, Yamada K, Miyamoto T, Inagaki M, Higuchi R. Neuritogenic Activity of Gangliosides from Echinoderms and Their Structure-Activity Relationship. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:462-3. [PMID: 17329892 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the gangliosides isolated from echinoderms on the neuritogenesis of a rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC-12 cells) in the presence of nerve growth factor were investigated. The results show that they displayed neuritogenic activity. Based on the observed results, a structure-activity relationship has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Kaneko
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Fukuoka, Japan
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19
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Inagaki M, Shiizaki M, Hiwatashi T, Miyamoto T, Higuchi R. Constituents of Crinoidea. 5. Isolation and Structure of a New Glycosyl Inositolphosphoceramide-Type Ganglioside from the Feather Star Comanthina schlegeli. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:1649-51. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.1649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Inagaki M, Nakata T, Higuchi R. Isolation and structure of a galactocerebroside molecular species from the starfish Culcita novaeguineae. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2006; 54:260-1. [PMID: 16462079 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.54.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A galactocerebroside molecular species, CNC-2, has been isolated from the less polar lipid fraction of a chloroform/methanol extract of the starfish Culcita novaeguineae. The structure of this galactocerebroside molecular species was determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. CNC-2 is a phytosphingosine-type galactocerebroside molecular species with nonhydroxylated and hydroxylated fatty acyl moieties. The isolation of a galactocerebroside from echinoderms is rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Inagaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Inagaki M, Miyamoto T, Isobe R, Higuchi R. Biologically active glycosides from asteroidea, 43. Isolation and structure of a new neuritogenic-active ganglioside molecular species from the starfish Linckia laevigata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2006; 53:1551-4. [PMID: 16327187 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.53.1551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A ganglioside molecular species, LLG-5 (1), has been obtained from the water soluble lipid fraction of the CHCl3/MeOH extract of the starfish Linckia laevigata. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic findings, the structure of 1 has been elucidated. Negative ion FAB-MS provided important information both on the structure of the sugar moiety and on the molecular mass of the ganglioside. 1 is a new ganglioside molecular species possessing a 2-->11 linked linear-type trisialosyl moiety. Moreover, 1 exhibited neuritogenic activity in rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cells in the presence of nerve growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Inagaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Fukuoka, Japan
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Maruta T, Saito T, Inagaki M, Shibata O, Higuchi R. Biologically active glycosides from Asteroidea, 41. Isolation and structure determination of glucocerebrosides from the starfish Linckia laevigata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2006; 53:1255-8. [PMID: 16204980 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.53.1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new glucocerebroside, linckiacerebroside A (1) and a known glucocerebroside S-2a-3 (2), have been isolated from the cerebroside molecular species obtained from the less polar fraction of the CHCl3/MeOH extract of the starfish Linckia laevigata, together with three pseudo homogeneous glucocerebroside, 3, 4, and 5. The structures of these cerebrosides were determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Maruta
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Higuchi R, Harano Y, Mitsuyuki M, Isobe R, Yamada K, Miyamoto T, Komori T. Biologically Active Glycosides from Asteroidea, XXXIV. Isolation and Structure of Cerebrosides from the Starfish Stellaster equestris. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199619960420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Inagaki M, Oyama A, Arao K, Higuchi R. Constituents of Crinoidea, 4. Isolation and structure of ceramides and glucocerebrosides from the feather star Comanthus japonica. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2005; 52:1307-11. [PMID: 15516751 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Five ceramides, JC-1-JC-5, and four glucocerebrosides, JCer-1-JCer-4, have been isolated from their parent ceramide and glucocerebroside molecular species JC and JCer obtained from the less polar lipid fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the feather star Comanthus japonica. The structures of these sphingolipids have been determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Reversed-phase HPLC was effective at isolating these sphingolipids, revealing very close resemblance in their structures. JC-1, JC-3, JC-4, JC-5 and JCer-2, JCer-4 are newly found ceramides and glucocerebrosides, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Inagaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Kawatake S, Inagaki M, Isobe R, Miyamoto T, Higuchi R. Isolation and structure of a GD3-Type ganglioside molecular species possessing neuritogenic activity from the starfish Luidia maculata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2005; 52:1002-4. [PMID: 15305002 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A GD3-type ganglioside molecular species, LMG-4 (1), has been obtained from the polar lipid fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the starfish Luidia maculata. The structure of this ganglioside has been determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence to be 1-O-[(N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->8)-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide. The ceramide moiety was composed of heterogeneous 2-hydroxy fatty acid and phytosphingosine units. This is the first report on the isolation and structure elucidation of GD3-type ganglioside from echinoderms. Moreover, 1 exhibited neuritogenic activity toward the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells in the presence of nerve growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kawatake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukouka, Japan
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Abstract
More than 6,500 species have been recorded in the phylum Echinodermata. A variety of biologically active substances have been isolated from the echinoderm species: saponins, glycolipids, carotenoids, porphyrins, naphthoquinones, venoms and others. Several substances unique to the echinoderm have also been reported and some of them showed high potentiality as a new medicament. This chapter gives an overview of the history of the exploitation of echinoderm species in the Orient, presents studies on the biologically active substance obtained from them, and discusses questions related to the exploitation of the echinoderm and prospects of development of new medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yokota
- Department of Applied Information Technology, Aichi Prefectural University, Aichi 480-1198, Japan.
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Arao K, Inagaki M, Miyamoto T, Higuchi R. Constituents of Crinoidea. 3. Isolation and Structure of a Glycosyl Inositolphosphoceramide-Type Ganglioside with Neuritogenic Activity from the Feather Star Comanthus japonica. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2004; 52:1140-2. [PMID: 15340207 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A glycosyl inositolphosphoceramide-type ganglioside, CJP4, was obtained from the polar lipid fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the feather star Comanthus japonica. The structure of this ganglioside has been determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence to be 9-O-methyl-(N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->11)-9-O-methyl-(N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->11)-9-O-methyl-(N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->3)-inositolphosphoceramide, which contains C(16)-sphingosine and C(22:0)-, C(24:0)-fatty acid. This is the first report on the isolation and structural elucidation of a trisialo-glycosyl inositolphosphoceramide-type ganglioside. Moreover, CJP4 exhibited neuritogenic activity toward the rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells in the presence of nerve growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Arao
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Hitashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Yamada K. [Chemo-pharmaceutical studies on the glycosphingolipid constituents from echinoderm, sea cucumbers, as the medicinal materials]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2002; 122:1133-43. [PMID: 12510390 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.122.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), together with glycopeptides, are typical constitutents of various cell membranes in a wide variety of organisms. In particular, it is known that GSLs have numerous physiological functions due to variations in the sugar chain, in spite of the very small quantity of constituents. Those are classified into cerebrosides, sulfatides, ceramide oligohexosides, globosides, and gangliosides based on the constituent sugars. Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing GSLs, are especially enriched in the brain and nervous tissues and are involved in the regulation of many cellular events. Recently, a number of GSLs have been isolated from marine invertebrates such as echinoderms, poriferans, and mollusks. We have also been researching biologically active GSLs from echinoderms to elucidate the structure-function relationships of GSLs and to develop novel medicinal resources. This review summarizes the structures and biological activities of GSLs from sea cucumbers. This study showed that the characteristics of GSLs and structure-activity relationships had neuritogenic activity toward the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12. That is, most of the cerebroside constituents of the sea cucumber are same glucocerebrosides as in other animals, except for some constituents, while the ganglioside constituents were unique in that a sialic acid directly binds to the glucose of cerebroside, they are mutually connected in tandem, and some are located in the internal parts of the sugar chain. It also became apparent that sialic acid is indispensable for the neuritogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Kawatake S, Inagaki M, Isobe R, Miyamoto T, Higuchi R. Isolation and structure of monomethylated GM3-type ganglioside molecular species from the starfish Luidia maculata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2002; 50:1386-9. [PMID: 12372870 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.50.1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two monomethylated GM(3)-Type ganglioside molecular species, 1 and 2, have been obtained from the polar lipid fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the starfish Luidia maculata. The structures of these gangliosides have been determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence as 1-O-[8-O-methyl-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide (1) and 1-O-[8-O-methyl-(N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide (2). The ceramide moieties were composed of heterogeneous unsubstituted fatty acid, 2-hydroxy fatty acid, sphingosine and phytosphingosine units. Compound 1, designated as LMG-3, represents new ganglioside molecular species. Compound 2 was a known ganglioside molecular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kawatake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Inagaki M, Shibai M, Isobe R, Higuchi R. Constituents of ophiuroidea. 1. Isolation and structure of three ganglioside molecular species from the brittle star Ophiocoma scolopendrina. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001; 49:1521-5. [PMID: 11767069 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.49.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Three ganglioside molecular species, OSG-0 (1), OSG-1 (2), and OSG-2 (3) have been obtained from the polar lipid fraction of the chloroform/methanol extract of the brittle star Ophiocoma scolopendrina. The structures of these gangliosides have been determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence as 1-O-[(N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide (1), 1-O-[8-O-sulfo-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyll-ceramide (2) and 1-O-[(N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->8)-(N-acetyl- and N-glycolyl-alpha-D-neuraminosyl)-(2-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-ceramide (3). The ceramide moieties were composed of heterogeneous unsubstituted fatty acid, 2-hydroxy fatty acid and phytosphingosine units. Compounds 2 and 3 represent new ganglioside molecular species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Inagaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Arao K, Inagaki M, Higuchi R. Constituents of crinoidea. 2. Isolation and structure of the novel type gangliosides from the feather star Comanthus japonica. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001; 49:695-8. [PMID: 11411518 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.49.695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two novel type gangliosides CJP2 and CJP3 have been obtained from the feather star Comanthus japonica. On the basis of methylation linkage analysis combined with ammonolysis and other chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the chemical structures of CJP2 and CJP3 were determined to be alpha-9-O-Me-NeuGc-(2-->3)-inositolphosphoceramide and alpha-9-O-Me-NeuGc-(2-->11)-alpha-9-O-Me-NeuGc-(2-->3)-inositolphosphoceramide, respectively. These gangliosides are unique in that they are inositolphosphoceramide derivatives possessing sialic acid; such gangliosides have not previously been identified. The presence of 9-O-methyl-N-glycolyl-neuraminosyl residues is also unique in naturally occurring gangliosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Arao
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Yamada K, Harada Y, Nagaregawa Y, Miyamoto T, Isobe R, Higuchi R. Isolation and Structure of Biologically Active Gangliosides from the Sea CucumberHolothuria pervicax. European J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(199811)1998:11<2519::aid-ejoc2519>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yamada K, Hara E, Miyamoto T, Higuchi R, Isobe R, Honda S. Isolation and Structure of Biologically Active Glycosphingolipids from the Sea CucumberCucumaria echinata. European J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(199802)1998:2<371::aid-ejoc371>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Fattorusso E, Mangoni A. Marine glycolipids. FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 1997; 72:215-301. [PMID: 9369093 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6527-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Fattorusso
- Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy
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Kawatake S, Inagaki M, Isobe R, Miyamoto T, Higuchi R. Biologically Active Glycosides from Asteroidea, 37. Glycosphingolipids from the StarfishLuidia maculata, 1 Structure of A New Sulfatide Molecular Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199719970826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Schauer R, Kamerling JP. Chemistry, biochemistry and biology of sialic acids ☆. NEW COMPREHENSIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1997; 29. [PMCID: PMC7147860 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Schauer
- Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechls-Universität zu Kiel, Germany
| | - Johannis P. Kamerling
- Bijuoet Center, Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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A facile preparation of the methyl 2-thioglycoside of N-glycolylneuraminic acid, an efficient donor of NeuGc. Tetrahedron Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(96)00383-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Structure determination of the major component of the starfish ganglioside molecular species LG-2 by tandem mass spectrometry. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00513-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yamamoto T, Teshima T, Saitoh U, Hoshi M, Shiba T. Synthesis of ganglioside M5 from sea urchin egg. Tetrahedron Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)77010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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