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Fukuyama Y, Kubo M, Harada K. Neurotrophic Natural Products. Prog Chem Org Nat Prod 2024; 123:1-473. [PMID: 38340248 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42422-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT3, NT4) can decrease cell death, induce differentiation, as well as sustain the structure and function of neurons, which make them promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, neurotrophins have not been very effective in clinical trials mostly because they cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier owing to being high-molecular-weight proteins. Thus, neurotrophin-mimic small molecules, which stimulate the synthesis of endogenous neurotrophins or enhance neurotrophic actions, may serve as promising alternatives to neurotrophins. Small-molecular-weight natural products, which have been used in dietary functional foods or in traditional medicines over the course of human history, have a great potential for the development of new therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this contribution, a variety of natural products possessing neurotrophic properties such as neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth promotion (neuritogenesis), and neuroprotection are described, and a focus is made on the chemistry and biology of several neurotrophic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Miwa Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
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Kubo M, Irimajiri R, Kawata M, Takahashi Y, Hayashi K, Matsuno M, Harada K, Ikui N, Mizukami H, Kawahara N, Fukuyama Y. Prenylated-coumarins from Gmelina arborea and evaluation for neurotrophic activity. Phytochemistry 2023:113721. [PMID: 37279871 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A MeOH extract of the stem of Gmelina arborea Roxb. ex Sm. (Lamiaceae) exhibited neurite outgrowth-promoting activity in NGF-mediated PC12 cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of eight previously undescribed prenylated coumarin compounds along with nine known compounds. Structural elucidation of these compounds was accomplished by analysis of extensive spectroscopic data, comparison with the literature, and chemical reactions. It was the first time to find prenylated coumarin compounds from G. arborea. Among the isolated compounds, N-methylflindersine and artanin showed neurite outgrowth-promoting activity in NGF-mediated PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Ryo Irimajiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Mitsuki Kawata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kana Hayashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Michiyo Matsuno
- The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, 4200-6, Godaisan, Kochi, 781-8125, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Norihito Ikui
- The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, 4200-6, Godaisan, Kochi, 781-8125, Japan
| | - Hajime Mizukami
- The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, 4200-6, Godaisan, Kochi, 781-8125, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, 4200-6, Godaisan, Kochi, 781-8125, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
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Hannan MA, Haque MN, Munni YA, Oktaviani DF, Timalsina B, Dash R, Afrin T, Moon IS. Centella asiatica promotes early differentiation, axodendritic maturation and synaptic formation in primary hippocampal neurons. Neurochem Int 2021; 144:104957. [PMID: 33444677 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Centella asiatica is a 'medhya-rasayana (nootrophic or memory booster)' herb that has been indicated in Ayurveda for improving memory function and treating dementia disorders. Although the neuroprotective effects of C. asiatica have been reported in earlier studies, the information on whether this nootropic herb could promote early differentiation and development of axon and dendrites in primary hippocampal neurons is currently limited. THE AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effects of C. asiatica and asiatic acid, one of the principal active constituents of C. asiatica, on the various stages of neuronal polarity, including early neuronal differentiation, axonal outgrowth, dendritic arborization, axonal maturation, and synaptic formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Embryonic rat hippocampal neurons were incubated with C. asiatica leaf extract (CAE) or asiatic acid. After an indicated time, neurons were fixed and immunolabeled to visualize the neuronal morphology. Morphometric analyses for early neuronal differentiation, axonal and dendritic maturation and synaptogenesis were performed using Image J software. Neuronal viability was determined using trypan blue exclusion assay. RESULTS CAE at varying concentrations ranging from 3.75 to 15 μg/mL enhanced neurite outgrowth with the highest optimal concentration of 7.5 μg/mL. The effects of CAE commenced immediately after cell seeding, as indicated by its accelerating effect on neuronal differentiation. Subsequently, CAE significantly elaborated dendritic and axonal morphology and facilitated synapse formation. Asiatic acid also facilitated neurite outgrowth, but to a lesser extent than CAE. CONCLUSION These findings revealed that CAE exerted its modulatory effects in every stage of neuronal development, supporting its previously claimed neurotrophic function and suggest that this natural nootropic and its active component asiatic acid can be further investigated to explore a promising solution for degenerative brain disorders and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazmul Haque
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin Akter Munni
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Diyah Fatimah Oktaviani
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Binod Timalsina
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Tania Afrin
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Food Security, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang F, Zhang X, Guo S, Cao F, Zhang X, Wang Y, Liu J, Qian B, Yan Y, Chen P, Xu C, Liu C, Qian D, Duan JA. An acidic heteropolysaccharide from Lycii fructus: Purification, characterization, neurotrophic and neuroprotective activities in vitro. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 249:116894. [PMID: 32933702 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of neurites network constitutes a neurotrophic and therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease (PD). Increasing evidence is supporting the potential application of natural polysaccharides in prevention or treatment of PD. In this study, an acidic heteropolysaccharide LFP-1 was isolated from Lycii fructus, and purified by ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Structural features of LFP-1 were analyzed with molecular weight (MW) distribution, monosaccharide composition, methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. LFP-1 was a complicated structured polysaccharide with an average MW of 1.78 × 104 Da and composed of highly branched arabinogalactans, homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan moieties. LFP-1 promoted neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth in vitro in PC12 cell models. Furthermore, LFP-1 had a significantly protective effect against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridiniumion (MPP+)-induced neurotoxicity in PD model PC12 cells. These observations unambiguously indicated the neurotrophic and neuroprotective activities of LFP-1, which may be developed for prevention or treatment of neurodegeneration in PD.
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Wang Z, Ma C, Wang Y, Xiao Q, Xu C, Li Y. Structural optimization and neurotrophic activity evaluation of neurotrophic gentiside derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:126685. [PMID: 31607606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
C14 alkyl benzoate ABG001, derived from naturally occurring gentisides, was reported to exhibit neurotrophic activity which is similar to NGF (Nerve Growth Factor). In this research, ABG001 was modified by the strategy of isosteric replacement and conformational restriction with the purpose of improving the bioactivity. The cellular neurotrophic activity of those ABG001 derivatives were evaluated, among which 3-hydroxyquinolin-2-(1H)-one A3 and 4-decylphenol ester B7 displayed much better neurotrophic activity compared with ABG001, which highlights the potential of those novel scaffolds for future neurotrophic agent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunhua Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions of Ministry of Education, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chenghui Xu
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingxia Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Reddy RG, Veeraval L, Maitra S, Chollet-Krugler M, Tomasi S, Dévéhat FLL, Boustie J, Chakravarty S. Lichen-derived compounds show potential for central nervous system therapeutics. Phytomedicine 2016; 23:1527-1534. [PMID: 27765373 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural products from lichens are widely investigated for their biological properties, yet their potential as central nervous system (CNS) therapeutic agents is less explored. PURPOSE The present study investigated the neuroactive properties of selected lichen compounds (atranorin, perlatolic acid, physodic acid and usnic acid), for their neurotrophic, neurogenic and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activities. METHODS Neurotrophic activity (neurite outgrowth) was determined using murine neuroblastoma Neuro2A cells. A MTT assay was performed to assess the cytotoxicity of compounds at optimum neurotrophic activity. Neuro2A cells treated with neurotrophic lichen compounds were used for RT-PCR to evaluate the induction of genes that code for the neurotrophic markers BDNF and NGF. Immunoblotting was used to assess acetyl H3 and H4 levels, the epigenetic markers associated with neurotrophic and/or neurogenic activity. The neurogenic property of the compounds was determined using murine hippocampal primary cultures. AChE inhibition activity was performed using a modified Ellman's esterase method. RESULTS Lichen compounds atranorin, perlatolic acid, physodic acid and (+)-usnic acid showed neurotrophic activity in a preliminary cell-based screening based on Neuro2A neurite outgrowth. Except for usnic acid, no cytotoxic effects were observed for the two depsides (atranorin and perlatolic acid) and the alkyl depsidone (physodic acid). Perlatolic acid appears to be promising, as it also exhibited AChE inhibition activity and potent proneurogenic activity. The neurotrophic lichen compounds (atranorin, perlatolic acid, physodic acid) modulated the gene expression of BDNF and NGF. In addition, perlatolic acid showed increased protein levels of acetyl H3 and H4 in Neuro2A cells. CONCLUSION These lichen depsides and depsidones showed neuroactive properties in vitro (Neuro2A cells) and ex vivo (primary neural stem or progenitor cells), suggesting their potential to treat CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gajendra Reddy
- Chemical Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Lenin Veeraval
- Chemical Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Swati Maitra
- Chemical Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Marylène Chollet-Krugler
- PNSCM-UMRCNRS 6226, ISCR, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Av. du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Sophie Tomasi
- PNSCM-UMRCNRS 6226, ISCR, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Av. du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Françoise Lohézic-Le Dévéhat
- PNSCM-UMRCNRS 6226, ISCR, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Av. du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Joël Boustie
- PNSCM-UMRCNRS 6226, ISCR, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Rennes 1, 2 Av. du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France.
| | - Sumana Chakravarty
- Chemical Biology, CSIR- Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India.
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Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a subject of intense experimental and biomedical interest. Recently, trophic activities of MSCs have become the topic of a number of revealing studies that span both basic and clinical fields. In this review, we focus on recent investigations that have elucidated trophic mechanisms and shed light on MSC clinical efficacy relevant to musculoskeletal applications. Innate differences due to MSC sourcing may play a role in the clinical utility of isolated MSCs. Pain management, osteochondral, nerve, or blood vessel support by MSCs derived from both autologous and allogeneic sources have been examined. Recent mechanistic insights into the trophic activities of these cells point to ultimate regulation by nitric oxide, nuclear factor-kB, and indoleamine, among other signaling pathways. Classic growth factors and cytokines—such as VEGF, CNTF, GDNF, TGF-β, interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), and C-C ligands (CCL-2, CCL-5, and CCL-23)—serve as paracrine control molecules secreted or packaged into extracellular vesicles, or exosomes, by MSCs. Recent studies have also implicated signaling by microRNAs contained in MSC-derived exosomes. The response of target cells is further regulated by their microenvironment, involving the extracellular matrix, which may be modified by MSC-produced matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of MMPs. Trophic activities of MSCs, either resident or introduced exogenously, are thus intricately controlled, and may be further fine-tuned via implant material modifications. MSCs are actively being investigated for the repair and regeneration of both osteochondral and other musculoskeletal tissues, such as tendon/ligament and meniscus. Future rational and effective MSC-based musculoskeletal therapies will benefit from better mechanistic understanding of MSC trophic activities, for example using analytical “-omics” profiling approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi R Hofer
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 221, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Room 221, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
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Tian JM, Wang Y, Xu YZ, Yu ZC, Wei AZ, Zhang WM, Gao JM. Characterization of isobutylhydroxyamides with NGF-potentiating activity from Zanthoxylum bungeanum. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 26:338-342. [PMID: 26707398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Eight isobutylhydroxyamides, including three new (1-3), qinbunamides A-C, and five known sanshools (4-8), ZP-amide A (4), ZP-amide B (5), ZP-amide E (6), ZP-amide C (7), and ZP-amide D (8), were isolated from the pericarps of cultivated Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim, cultivated in Qinling mountain area, Shaanxi, China. The structures of all compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D NMR analysis and comparison with previously reported data. Compounds 1 and 2 are the first example of isobutylhydroxyamides containing an ethoxy group, and compound 3 is a rare C11 fatty acid-containing sanshool existing in genus Zanthoxylum. The tested compounds enhanced nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neurite outgrowth (neurotrophic activity) in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, but were inactive in the inhibitory effects on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and growth of HCT116 cells at concentrations of 50μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Mian Tian
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Zhen Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Cheng Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Zhi Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ming Zhang
- Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, China COOP, Nanjing 210042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People's Republic of China.
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