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Li Z, Chen Z, Sun N, Wang D, Yao X, Peng Z. Large Organic Polar Molecules Tailored Electrode Interfaces for Stable Lithium Metal Battery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400876. [PMID: 38477508 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) are deemed as ones of the most promising energy storage devices for next electrification applications. However, the uneven Li electroplating process caused by the diffusion-limited Li+ transportation at the Li metal surface inherently promotes the formation of dendritic morphology and instable Li interphase, while the sluggish Li+ transfer kinetic can also cause lithiation-induced stress on the cathode materials suffering from serious structural stability. Herein, a novel electrolyte designing strategy is proposed to accelerate the Li+ transfer by introducing a trace of large organic polar molecules of lithium phytate (LP) without significantly altering the electrolyte structure. The LP molecules can afford a competitive solvent attraction mechanism against the solvated Li+, enhancing both the bulk and interfacial Li+ transfer kinetic, and creating better anode/cathode interfaces to suppress the side reactions, resulting in much improved cycling efficiency of LMBs. Using LP-based electrolyte, the performance of LMB pouch cell with a practical capacity of ~1.5 Ah can be improved greatly. This strategy opens up a novel electrolyte designing route for reliable LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Li
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Zhenlian Chen
- School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Deyu Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Xiayin Yao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Zhe Peng
- School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
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Li B, Zeng Y, Zhang W, Lu B, Yang Q, Zhou J, He Z. Separator designs for aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:688-703. [PMID: 38238207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are attracting worldwide attention due to their multiple merits such as extreme safety, low cost, feasible assembly, and environmentally friendly enabled by water-based electrolytes. At present, AZIBs have experienced systematic advances in battery components including cathode, anode, and electrolyte, whereas research involving separators is insufficient. The separator is the crucial component of AZIBs through providing ion transport, forming contact with electrodes, serving as a container for electrolyte, and ensuring the efficient battery operation. Considering this great yet ignored significance, it is timely to present the latest advances in design strategies, the systematic classification and summary of separators. We summarize the separator optimization strategies mainly along two approaches including the modification of the frequently used glass fiber and the exploitation of new separators. The advantages and disadvantages of the two strategies are analyzed from the material types and the characteristics of different strategies. The effects and mechanisms of various materials on regulating the uniform migration and deposition of Zn2+, balancing the excessively concentrated nucleation points, inhibiting the growth of dendrites, and the occurrence of side reactions were discussed using confinement, electric field regulation, ion interaction force, desolvation, etc. Finally, potential directions for further improvement and development of AZIBs separators are proposed, aiming at providing helpful guidance for this booming field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, China
| | - You Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Weisong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, China
| | - Bingan Lu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jiang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Packaging and Advanced Functional Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Zhangxing He
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063009, China.
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3
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Takada R, Toritsuka M, Yamauchi T, Ishida R, Kayashima Y, Nishi Y, Ishikawa M, Yamamuro K, Ikehara M, Komori T, Noriyama Y, Kamikawa K, Saito Y, Okano H, Makinodan M. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages of individuals with autism spectrum disorder adversely affect neuronal dendrites through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Mol Autism 2024; 15:10. [PMID: 38383466 PMCID: PMC10882766 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-024-00589-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence suggests that immune dysfunction and inflammation in the peripheral tissues as well as the central nervous system are associated with the neurodevelopmental deficits observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ASD has been reported. These cytokine expression levels are associated with the severity of behavioral impairments and symptoms in ASD. In a prior study, our group reported that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages (GM-CSF MΦ) and the TNF-α expression ratio in GM-CSF MΦ/M-CSF MΦ (macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages) was markedly higher in individuals with ASD than in typically developed (TD) individuals. However, the mechanisms of how the macrophages and the highly expressed cytokines affect neurons remain to be addressed. METHODS To elucidate the effect of macrophages on human neurons, we used a co-culture system of control human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and differentiated macrophages obtained from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of five TD individuals and five individuals with ASD. All participants were male and ethnically Japanese. RESULTS Our results of co-culture experiments showed that GM-CSF MΦ affect the dendritic outgrowth of neurons through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1α and TNF-α. Macrophages derived from individuals with ASD exerted more severe effects than those derived from TD individuals. LIMITATIONS The main limitations of our study were the small sample size with a gender bias toward males, the use of artificially polarized macrophages, and the inability to directly observe the interaction between neurons and macrophages from the same individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our co-culture system revealed the non-cell autonomous adverse effects of GM-CSF MΦ in individuals with ASD on neurons, mediated by interleukin-1α and TNF-α. These results may support the immune dysfunction hypothesis of ASD, providing new insights into its pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Takada
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Michihiro Toritsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Takahira Yamauchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Rio Ishida
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kayashima
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Nishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Ishikawa
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yamamuro
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Minobu Ikehara
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Komori
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Noriyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Kohei Kamikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Saito
- Department of Neurophysiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara City, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
- Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, 3-16-21 Miyanosaka, Hirakata City, Osaka, 573-0022, Japan
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Li X, Xiang J, Liu H, Wang P, Chen C, Gao T, Guo Y, Xiao D, Jin Z. Molecularly modulating solvation structure and electrode interface enables dendrite-free zinc-ion batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:476-485. [PMID: 37862799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The performance of aqueous Zn ion batteries (AZIBs) is hindered by the uncontrollable growth of Zn dendrites and side reactions at the Zn anode/electrolyte interface. Here, we introduce low-cost glucosamine hydrochloride (GLA) into the ZnSO4 electrolyte system to modulate the Zn anode/electrolyte interface and the solvation structure of Zn2+, which leads to improved reversibility of Zn plating/striping. Through experimental and theoretical analyses, we demonstrate that GLA molecules could adsorp on the Zn metal surface to form a new interface with reduced active water, effectively suppressing water-induced side reactions. Moreover, after adding GLA, the flux of Zn2+ ions is regulated, the desolvation of the primary [Zn(H2O)6]2+ ions is promoted, and the Zn dendrite growth is significantly inhibited. Consequently, superior cyclic stability with a lower voltage hysteresis is simultaneously achieved in a Zn//Zn symmetric cell. When coupled with the Mn3O4 cathode, the fabricated Zn-Mn batteries with the modified ZnSO4 + GLA electrolyte system deliver boosted capacity, improved long-term cycling stability, and better self-discharge performance. This work provides insight into the development of high-efficient and low-cost electrolytes for high-performance Zn-based energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Jian Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hai Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Chao Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Taotao Gao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Guo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, PR China; College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Zhaoyu Jin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China.
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5
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Canepari M, Ross WN. Spatial and temporal aspects of neuronal calcium and sodium signals measured with low-affinity fluorescent indicators. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:39-48. [PMID: 37798555 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02865-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Low-affinity fluorescent indicators for Ca2+ or Na+ allow measuring the dynamics of intracellular concentration of these ions with little perturbation from physiological conditions because they are weak buffers. When using synthetic indicators, which are small molecules with fast kinetics, it is also possible to extract spatial and temporal information on the sources of ion transients, their localization, and their disposition. This review examines these important aspects from the biophysical point of view, and how they have been recently exploited in neurophysiological studies. We first analyze the environment where Ca2+ and Na+ indicators are inserted, highlighting the interpretation of the two different signals. Then, we address the information that can be obtained by analyzing the rising phase and the falling phase of the Ca2+ and Na+ transients evoked by different stimuli, focusing on the kinetics of ionic currents and on the spatial interpretation of these measurements, especially on events in axons and dendritic spines. Finally, we suggest how Ca2+ or Na+ imaging using low-affinity synthetic fluorescent indicators can be exploited in future fundamental or applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Canepari
- LIPhy, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
- Laboratories of Excellence, Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Valbonne, France.
- Institut National de la Santé et Recherche Médicale, Paris, France.
| | - William N Ross
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595, USA
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Sun M, Zheng Q, Wang L, Wang R, Cui H, Zhang X, Xu C, Yin F, Yan H, Qiao X. Alcohol Consumption During Adolescence Alters the Cognitive Function in Adult Male Mice by Persistently Increasing Levels of DUSP6. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03794-x. [PMID: 37978157 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Binge alcohol drinking during adolescence has long-term effects on the adult brain that alter brain structure and behaviors, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is involved in the synaptic plasticity and pathological brain injury by regulating the expression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) is a critical effector that dephosphorylates ERK1/2 to control the basal tone, amplitude, and duration of ERK signaling. To explore DUSP6 as a regulator of ERK signaling in the mPFC and its impact on long-term effects of alcohol, a male mouse model of adolescent intermittent alcohol (AIA) exposure was established. Behavioral experiments showed that AIA did not affect anxiety-like behavior or sociability in adulthood, but significantly damaged new object recognition and social recognition memory. Molecular studies further found that AIA reduced the levels of pERK-pCREB-BDNF-PSD95/NR2A involved in synaptic plasticity, while DUSP6 was significantly increased. Intra-mPFC infusion of AAV-DUSP6-shRNA restored the dendritic spine density and postsynaptic density thickness by reversing the level of p-ERK and its downstream molecular expression, and ultimately repaired adult cognitive impairment caused by chronic alcohol exposure during adolescence. These findings indicate that AIA exposure inhibits ERK-CREB-BDNF-PSD95/NR2A by increasing DUSP6 in the mPFC in adulthood that may be associated with long-lasting cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizhu Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Qingmeng Zheng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Runzhi Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Hengzhen Cui
- Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Fangyuan Yin
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongtao Yan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Qiao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Pelaez MC, Desmeules A, Gelon PA, Glasson B, Marcadet L, Rodgers A, Phaneuf D, Pozzi S, Dutchak PA, Julien JP, Sephton CF. Neuronal dysfunction caused by FUSR521G promotes ALS-associated phenotypes that are attenuated by NF-κB inhibition. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:182. [PMID: 37974279 PMCID: PMC10652582 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are related neurodegenerative diseases that belong to a common disease spectrum based on overlapping clinical, pathological and genetic evidence. Early pathological changes to the morphology and synapses of affected neuron populations in ALS/FTD suggest a common underlying mechanism of disease that requires further investigation. Fused in sarcoma (FUS) is a DNA/RNA-binding protein with known genetic and pathological links to ALS/FTD. Expression of ALS-linked FUS mutants in mice causes cognitive and motor defects, which correlate with loss of motor neuron dendritic branching and synapses, in addition to other pathological features of ALS/FTD. The role of ALS-linked FUS mutants in causing ALS/FTD-associated disease phenotypes is well established, but there are significant gaps in our understanding of the cell-autonomous role of FUS in promoting structural changes to motor neurons, and how these changes relate to disease progression. Here we generated a neuron-specific FUS-transgenic mouse model expressing the ALS-linked human FUSR521G variant, hFUSR521G/Syn1, to investigate the cell-autonomous role of FUSR521G in causing loss of dendritic branching and synapses of motor neurons, and to understand how these changes relate to ALS-associated phenotypes. Longitudinal analysis of mice revealed that cognitive impairments in juvenile hFUSR521G/Syn1 mice coincide with reduced dendritic branching of cortical motor neurons in the absence of motor impairments or changes in the neuromorphology of spinal motor neurons. Motor impairments and dendritic attrition of spinal motor neurons developed later in aged hFUSR521G/Syn1 mice, along with FUS cytoplasmic mislocalisation, mitochondrial abnormalities and glial activation. Neuroinflammation promotes neuronal dysfunction and drives disease progression in ALS/FTD. The therapeutic effects of inhibiting the pro-inflammatory nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway with an analog of Withaferin A, IMS-088, were assessed in symptomatic hFUSR521G/Syn1 mice and were found to improve cognitive and motor function, increase dendritic branches and synapses of motor neurons, and attenuate other ALS/FTD-associated pathological features. Treatment of primary cortical neurons expressing FUSR521G with IMS-088 promoted the restoration of dendritic mitochondrial numbers and mitochondrial activity to wild-type levels, suggesting that inhibition of NF-κB permits the restoration of mitochondrial stasis in our models. Collectively, this work demonstrates that FUSR521G has a cell-autonomous role in causing early pathological changes to dendritic and synaptic structures of motor neurons, and that these changes precede motor defects and other well-known pathological features of ALS/FTD. Finally, these findings provide further support that modulation of the NF-κB pathway in ALS/FTD is an important therapeutic approach to attenuate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Carmen Pelaez
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Antoine Desmeules
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Pauline A Gelon
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Bastien Glasson
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Laetitia Marcadet
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Alicia Rodgers
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Phaneuf
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Silvia Pozzi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Paul A Dutchak
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Julien
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Chantelle F Sephton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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Schneeweis A, Pak DTS. Wherefore Art Tau? Functional importance of site-specific tau phosphorylation in diverse subcellular domains. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 164:106475. [PMID: 37778693 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Tau has canonically been considered as an axonal protein, but studies have observed tau localization in other subcellular domains of neurons. This relocated tau has been identified in both physiological and pathological conditions, and it is often labeled mislocalized. Furthermore, these forms of tau are referred to as "hyperphosphorylated" without specifying the phosphosites involved. On the contrary, we speculate that tau may have multiple physiological functions in various locations regulated via specific phosphorylation sites, although this picture is obscured by a lack of comprehensive phosphosite analysis. Here, we examine findings in the literature on the subcellular location of tau and potential roles tau has in those regions. We intentionally focus on the site-specific phosphorylated patterns involved in governing these properties, which are not well elucidated. To facilitate understanding of these events, we have begun establishing a comprehensive map of tau phosphorylation signatures. Such efforts may clarify tau's diverse physiological functions beyond the axon as well as promote development of novel therapeutic strategies directed against distinct tau subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Schneeweis
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Daniel T S Pak
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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9
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Chen M, Xu L, Wu Y, Soba P, Hu C. The organization and function of the Golgi apparatus in dendrite development and neurological disorders. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2425-2442. [PMID: 37554209 PMCID: PMC10404969 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrites are specialized neuronal compartments that sense, integrate and transfer information in the neural network. Their development is tightly controlled and abnormal dendrite morphogenesis is strongly linked to neurological disorders. While dendritic morphology ranges from relatively simple to extremely complex for a specified neuron, either requires a functional secretory pathway to continually replenish proteins and lipids to meet dendritic growth demands. The Golgi apparatus occupies the center of the secretory pathway and is regulating posttranslational modifications, sorting, transport, and signal transduction, as well as acting as a non-centrosomal microtubule organization center. The neuronal Golgi apparatus shares common features with Golgi in other eukaryotic cell types but also forms distinct structures known as Golgi outposts that specifically localize in dendrites. However, the organization and function of Golgi in dendrite development and its impact on neurological disorders is just emerging and so far lacks a systematic summary. We describe the organization of the Golgi apparatus in neurons, review the current understanding of Golgi function in dendritic morphogenesis, and discuss the current challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education Institute for Brain, Science and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510320, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education Institute for Brain, Science and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510320, China
| | - Peter Soba
- LIMES Institute, Department of Molecular Brain Physiology and Behavior, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education Institute for Brain, Science and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
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Qin L, Liang X, Qi Y, Luo Y, Xiao Q, Huang D, Zhou C, Jiang L, Zhou M, Zhou Y, Tang J, Tang Y. MPFC PV + interneurons are involved in the antidepressant effects of running exercise but not fluoxetine therapy. Neuropharmacology 2023:109669. [PMID: 37473999 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a complex psychiatric disorder. Previous studies have shown that running exercise reverses depression-like behavior faster and more effectively than fluoxetine therapy. GABAergic interneurons, including the PV+ interneuron subtype, in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) are involved in pathological changes of depression. It was unknown whether running exercise and fluoxetine therapy reverse depression-like behavior via GABAergic interneurons or the PV+ interneurons subtype in MPFC. To address this issue, we subjected mice with chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) to a 4-week running exercise or fluoxetine therapy. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that running exercise enriched GABAergic synaptic pathways in the MPFC of CUS-exposed mice. However, the number of PV+ interneurons but not the total number of GABAergic interneurons in the MPFC of mice exposed to CUS reversed by running exercise, not fluoxetine therapy. Running exercise increased the relative gene expression levels of the PV gene in the MPFC of CUS-exposed mice without altering other subtypes of GABAergic interneurons. Moreover, running exercise and fluoxetine therapy both significantly improved the length, area and volume of dendrites and the spine morphology of PV+ interneurons in the MPFC of mice exposed to CUS. However, running exercise but not fluoxetine therapy improved the dendritic complexity level of PV+ interneurons in the MPFC of mice exposed to CUS. In summary, the number and dendritic complexity level of PV+ interneurons may be important therapeutic targets for the mechanism by which running exercise reverses depression-like behavior faster and more effectively than fluoxetine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Qin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Xin Liang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yingqiang Qi
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yanmin Luo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Department of Radioactive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Dujuan Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Chunni Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yuning Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
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11
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Xie C, Liu S, Wu H, Zhang Q, Hu C, Yang Z, Li H, Tang Y, Wang H. Weak solvent chemistry enables stable aqueous zinc metal batteries over a wide temperature range from -50 to 80 °C. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023:S2095-9273(23)00395-X. [PMID: 37385901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of electrolytes with a wide temperature range, no dendrite growth and corrosion resistance is essential for the practical application of aqueous zinc metal batteries. Herein, γ-valerolactone is developed as the co-solvent to extend the operating temperature range of the aqueous electrolyte and stabilize the zinc metal anode interface. This weak solvent acts as a strong hydrogen bonding ligand and "diluent" to break the hydrogen bonds between free water molecules, thus enhancing the temperature tolerance and chemical stability of the electrolyte. The γ-valerolactone can also be adsorbed on the anode surface to achieve a dendrite-free zinc deposition behavior by promoting zinc nucleation and regulating zinc growth texture. The optimized electrolyte enables the symmetric cell to deliver a cycle/rest life of 2160 h and operate stably over a wide temperature range of -50 to 80 °C. The corresponding Zn||AC and Zn||PANI cells exhibit capacity retention of 92.5% and 85% after 8100 and 1600 cycles, respectively. This mechanism of weak solvent-regulated hydrogen bonding and solvent sheath provides new insights into the design of advanced aqueous electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shengfang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Chao Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zefang Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yougen Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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12
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Miyawaki EK, Bhattacharyya S, Torre M. Revisiting a Telencephalic Extent of the Ascending Reticular Activating System. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s10571-023-01339-3. [PMID: 36964874 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Is the cerebrum involved in its own activation to states of attention or arousal? "Telencephalon" is a term borrowed from embryology to identify not only the cerebral hemispheres of the forebrain, but also the basal forebrain. We review a generally undercited literature that describes nucleus basalis of Meynert, located within the substantia innominata of the ventrobasal forebrain, as a telencephalic extension of the ascending reticular activating formation. Although that formation's precise anatomical definition and localization have proven elusive over more than 70 years, a careful reading of sources reveals that there are histological features common to certain brainstem neurons and those of the nucleus basalis, and that a largely common dendritic architecture may be a morphological aspect that helps to define non-telencephalic structures of the ascending reticular activating formation (e.g., in brainstem) as well as those parts of the formation that are telencephalic and themselves responsible for cortical activation. We draw attention to a pattern of dendritic arborization described as "isodendritic," a uniform (isos-) branching in which distal dendrite branches are significantly longer than proximal ones. Isodendritic neurons also differ from other morphological types based on their heterogeneous, rather than specific afferentation. References reviewed here are consistent in their descriptions of histology, particularly in studies of locales rich in cholinergic neurons. We discuss the therapeutic implications of a basal forebrain site that may activate cortex. Interventions that specifically target nucleus basalis and, especially, the survival of its constituent neurons may benefit afflictions in which higher cortical function is compromised due to disturbed arousal or attentiveness, including not only coma and related syndromes, but also conditions colloquially described as states of cognitive "fog" or of "long-haul" mental compromise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison K Miyawaki
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Brigham, 60 Fenwood Rd., Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Shamik Bhattacharyya
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Mass General Brigham, 60 Fenwood Rd., Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Torre
- Department of Pathology, Mass General Brigham, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Rierola M, Trushina NI, Holtmannspötter M, Kurre R, Bakota L. Lattice light-sheet microscopy and evaluation of dendritic transport in cultured hippocampal tissue reveal high variability in mobility of the KIF1A motor domain and entry into dendritic spines. Brain Res Bull 2023; 194:13-22. [PMID: 36626968 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The unique morphology of neurons consists of a long axon and a highly variable arbour of dendritic processes, which assort neuronal cells into the main classes. The dendritic tree serves as the main domain for receiving synaptic input. Therefore, to maintain the structure and to be able to plastically change according to the incoming stimuli, molecules and organelles need to be readily available. This is achieved mainly via bi-directional transport of cargo along the microtubule lattices. Analysis of dendritic transport is lagging behind the investigation of axonal transport. Moreover, addressing transport mechanisms in tissue environment is very challenging and, therefore, rare. We employed high-speed volumetric lattice light-sheet microscopy and single particle tracking of truncated KIF1A motor protein lacking the cargo-binding domain. We focused our analysis on dendritic processes of CA1 pyramidal neurons in cultured hippocampal tissue. Analysis of individual trajectories revealed detailed information about stalling and high variability in movement and speed, and biased directionality of KIF1A. Furthermore, we could also observe KIF1A shortly entering into dendritic spines. We provide a workflow to analyse variations in the speed and direction of motor protein movement in dendrites that are either intrinsic properties of the motor domain or depend on the structure and modification of the microtubule trails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rierola
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | | | - Michael Holtmannspötter
- Integrated Bioimaging Facility iBiOs, Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Rainer Kurre
- Integrated Bioimaging Facility iBiOs, Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Lidia Bakota
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany.
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14
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Xie C, Liu S, Yang Z, Ji H, Zhou S, Wu H, Hu C, Tang Y, Ji X, Zhang Q, Wang H. Discovering the Intrinsic Causes of Dendrite Formation in Zinc Metal Anodes: Lattice Defects and Residual Stress. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218612. [PMID: 36719397 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Developing a highly stable and dendrite-free zinc anode is essential to the commercial application of zinc metal batteries. However, the understanding of zinc dendrites formation mechanism is still insufficient. Herein, for the first time, we discover that the interfacial heterogeneous deposition induced by lattice defects and epitaxial growth limited by residual stress are intrinsic and critical causes for zinc dendrite formation. Therefore, an annealing reconstruction strategy was proposed to eliminate lattice defects and stresses in zinc crystals, which achieve dense epitaxial electrodeposition of zinc anode. The as-prepared annealed zinc anodes exhibit dendrite-free morphology and enhanced electrochemical cycling stability. This work first proves that lattice defects and residual stresses are also very important factors for epitaxial electrodeposition of zinc in addition to crystal orientation, which can provide a new mechanism for future researches on zinc anode modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Shengfang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zefang Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Ji
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Shuhan Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Chao Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yougen Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Ji
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
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15
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Wit CB, Hiesinger PR. Neuronal filopodia: From stochastic dynamics to robustness of brain morphogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 133:10-19. [PMID: 35397971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Brain development relies on dynamic morphogenesis and interactions of neurons. Filopodia are thin and highly dynamic membrane protrusions that are critically required for neuronal development and neuronal interactions with the environment. Filopodial interactions are typically characterized by non-deterministic dynamics, yet their involvement in developmental processes leads to stereotypic and robust outcomes. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how filopodial dynamics contribute to neuronal differentiation, migration, axonal and dendritic growth and synapse formation. Many of these advances are brought about by improved methods of live observation in intact developing brains. Recent findings integrate known and novel roles ranging from exploratory sensors and decision-making agents to pools for selection and mechanical functions. Different types of filopodial dynamics thereby reveal non-deterministic subcellular decision-making processes as part of genetically encoded brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte B Wit
- Devision of Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Robin Hiesinger
- Devision of Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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16
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Mitchell JW, Wildonger J. Live Imaging of Golgi Outposts in Drosophila Dendritic Arbors. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2557:635-644. [PMID: 36512242 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2639-9_38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are polarized cells whose polarity and morphology rely on the robust localization of cellular organelles and cargo to axons or dendrites. Developing neurons require an active secretory pathway, which includes the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, to supply membrane and proteins to growing dendrites and axons. In some neurons, a subset of the Golgi called Golgi "outposts" localize to dendrites and contribute to local secretory networks. The movement and positioning of Golgi outposts have been correlated with dendrite branch growth and stabilization as the dendritic arbor is established. Live imaging is essential to capture the dynamic nature of these organelles. Here we outline a protocol to image and quantify Golgi outposts in peripheral sensory neurons in live, intact Drosophila larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine W Mitchell
- Integrated Program in Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jill Wildonger
- Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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17
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Swope RD, Hertzler JI, Stone MC, Kothe GO, Rolls MM. The exocyst complex is required for developmental and regenerative neurite growth in vivo. Dev Biol 2022; 492:1-13. [PMID: 36162553 PMCID: PMC10228574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The exocyst complex is an important regulator of intracellular trafficking and tethers secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane. Understanding of its role in neuron outgrowth remains incomplete, and previous studies have come to different conclusions about its importance for axon and dendrite growth, particularly in vivo. To investigate exocyst function in vivo we used Drosophila sensory neurons as a model system. To bypass early developmental requirements in other cell types, we used neuron-specific RNAi to target seven exocyst subunits. Initial neuronal development proceeded normally in these backgrounds, however, we considered this could be due to residual exocyst function. To probe neuronal growth capacity at later times after RNAi initiation, we used laser microsurgery to remove axons or dendrites and prompt regrowth. Exocyst subunit RNAi reduced axon regeneration, although new axons could be specified. In control neurons, a vesicle trafficking marker often concentrated in the new axon, but this pattern was disrupted in Sec6 RNAi neurons. Dendrite regeneration was also severely reduced by exocyst RNAi, even though the trafficking marker did not accumulate in a strongly polarized manner during normal dendrite regeneration. The requirement for the exocyst was not limited to injury contexts as exocyst subunit RNAi eliminated dendrite regrowth after developmental pruning. We conclude that the exocyst is required for injury-induced and developmental neurite outgrowth, but that residual protein function can easily mask this requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D Swope
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - J Ian Hertzler
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Michelle C Stone
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Gregory O Kothe
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Melissa M Rolls
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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18
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Miryala CSJ, Holland ED, Dent EW. Contributions of microtubule dynamics and transport to presynaptic and postsynaptic functions. Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 123:103787. [PMID: 36252720 PMCID: PMC9838116 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules (MT) are elongated, tubular, cytoskeletal structures formed from polymerization of tubulin dimers. They undergo continuous cycles of polymerization and depolymerization, primarily at their plus ends, termed dynamic instability. Although this is an intrinsic property of MTs, there are a myriad of MT-associated proteins that function in regulating MT dynamic instability and other dynamic processes that shape the MT array. Additionally, MTs assemble into long, semi-rigid structures which act as substrates for long-range, motor-driven transport of many different types of cargoes throughout the cell. Both MT dynamics and motor-based transport play important roles in the function of every known type of cell. Within the last fifteen years many groups have shown that MT dynamics and transport play ever-increasing roles in the neuronal function of mature neurons. Not only are neurons highly polarized cells, but they also connect with one another through synapses to form complex networks. Here we will focus on exciting studies that have illuminated how MTs function both pre-synaptically in axonal boutons and post-synaptically in dendritic spines. It is becoming clear that MT dynamics and transport both serve important functions in synaptic plasticity. Thus, it is not surprising that disruption of MTs, either through hyperstabilization or destabilization, has profound consequences for learning and memory. Together, the studies described here suggest that MT dynamics and transport play key roles in synaptic function and when disrupted result in compromised learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra S. J. Miryala
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Elizabeth D. Holland
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Erik W. Dent
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705,Corresponding Author: Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705,
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19
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Hasegawa K, Matsui TK, Kondo J, Kuwako KI. N-WASP-Arp2/3 signaling controls multiple steps of dendrite maturation in Purkinje cells in vivo. Development 2022; 149:285127. [PMID: 36469048 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During neural development, the actin filament network must be precisely regulated to form elaborate neurite structures. N-WASP tightly controls actin polymerization dynamics by activating an actin nucleator Arp2/3. However, the importance of N-WASP-Arp2/3 signaling in the assembly of neurite architecture in vivo has not been clarified. Here, we demonstrate that N-WASP-Arp2/3 signaling plays a crucial role in the maturation of cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC) dendrites in vivo in mice. N-WASP was expressed and activated in developing PCs. Inhibition of Arp2/3 and N-WASP from the beginning of dendrite formation severely disrupted the establishment of a single stem dendrite, which is a characteristic basic structure of PC dendrites. Inhibition of Arp2/3 after stem dendrite formation resulted in hypoplasia of the PC dendritic tree. Cdc42, an upstream activator of N-WASP, is required for N-WASP-Arp2/3 signaling-mediated PC dendrite maturation. In addition, overactivation of N-WASP is also detrimental to dendrite formation in PCs. These findings reveal that proper activation of N-WASP-Arp2/3 signaling is crucial for multiple steps of PC dendrite maturation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Hasegawa
- Department of Neural and Muscular Physiology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi K Matsui
- Department of Neural and Muscular Physiology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Junpei Kondo
- Department of Neural and Muscular Physiology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Kuwako
- Department of Neural and Muscular Physiology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
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20
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Wikantyoso B, Imai T, Himmi SK, Yusuf S, Hata T, Yoshimura T. Ultrastructure and distribution of sensory receptors on the nonolfactory organs of the soldier caste in subterranean termite (Coptotermes spp.). Arthropod Struct Dev 2022; 70:101201. [PMID: 35994811 DOI: 10.1016/j.asd.2022.101201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The soldier caste of termites uses sensilla to sense pheromonal, tactile, and vibrational cues to communicate inside and outside their nest. Although sensilla with many modalities on the antennae of subterranean termites have been well explored, there remains a lack of information regarding sensillum characteristics and distribution of the nonolfactory organs of the soldier caste in the Coptotermes genus. In this study, the ultrastructure of sensilla from the soldier caste of three Coptotermes spp. (Coptotermes formosanus, Coptotermes curvignathus, and Coptotermes gestroi) was observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and the putative function of each type was deduced. Six total sensillum types were observed, with two mechanoreceptive sensillum types (hair and plate). The long flexible-peg mechanoreceptive sensilla may work as contact-chemoreceptive sensilla due to their elongated dendritic outer segments and uniporous characteristics. There was a significant depletion of mechano-chemoreceptive sensillum numbers in C. gestroi, which was compensated by a high density of short-peg mechanoreceptive sensilla on the pronotum. Finally, cuticular and innervation characteristics of thermo-/hygrosensitive sensilla were observed for the first time on the labrum of the soldier caste of Coptotermes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bramantyo Wikantyoso
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan; Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Tomoya Imai
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - S Khoirul Himmi
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Sulaeman Yusuf
- Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Bogor Km 46, Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Toshimitsu Hata
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yoshimura
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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Tian W, Peng L, Zhao M, Tao L, Zou P, Zhang Y. Dendritic Morphology Affects the Velocity and Amplitude of Back-propagating Action Potentials. Neurosci Bull 2022. [PMID: 35984622 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00931-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The back-propagating action potential (bpAP) is crucial for neuronal signal integration and synaptic plasticity in dendritic trees. Its properties (velocity and amplitude) can be affected by dendritic morphology. Due to limited spatial resolution, it has been difficult to explore the specific propagation process of bpAPs along dendrites and examine the influence of dendritic morphology, such as the dendrite diameter and branching pattern, using patch-clamp recording. By taking advantage of Optopatch, an all-optical electrophysiological method, we made detailed recordings of the real-time propagation of bpAPs in dendritic trees. We found that the velocity of bpAPs was not uniform in a single dendrite, and the bpAP velocity differed among distinct dendrites of the same neuron. The velocity of a bpAP was positively correlated with the diameter of the dendrite on which it propagated. In addition, when bpAPs passed through a dendritic branch point, their velocity decreased significantly. Similar to velocity, the amplitude of bpAPs was also positively correlated with dendritic diameter, and the attenuation patterns of bpAPs differed among different dendrites. Simulation results from neuron models with different dendritic morphology corresponded well with the experimental results. These findings indicate that the dendritic diameter and branching pattern significantly influence the properties of bpAPs. The diversity among the bpAPs recorded in different neurons was mainly due to differences in dendritic morphology. These results may inspire the construction of neuronal models to predict the propagation of bpAPs in dendrites with enormous variation in morphology, to further illuminate the role of bpAPs in neuronal communication.
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22
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Tu X, Li X, Zhu H, Kuang X, Si X, Zou S, Hao S, Huang Y, Xiao J. Unilateral cerebral ischemia induces morphological changes in the layer V projection neurons of the contralateral hemisphere. Neurosci Res 2022; 182:41-51. [PMID: 35777459 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Decreased blood flow to the brain causes stroke and damage to neuronal networks. Neuronal damage occurs not only in the infarct core but also in areas away from the infarcts. This study was aimed to assess alterations of the cortical projection neurons that were distantly connected with the infarcts. Unilateral cortical ischemia was generated by middle cerebral artery occlusion in the right somatosensory cortex. Pre-labeled thalamocortical neurons disappeared, whereas contralateral callosal projection neurons survived 48 h post-ischemia. The unilateral ischemia increased the total length, segment length and the spine volume of dendrites from layer V callosal neurons in the homotopic cortex of the contralateral hemisphere. The morphological remolding of the contralateral cortical neurons cannot be reproduced by the spinal cord hemisection that cuts axons of corticospinal projection neurons of layer V. The data suggest that the retrograde degeneration of axons may not account for the early morphological changes in the contralateral cortex. We hypothesize that the loss of innervations from the ischemic cortex may bring in adaptive changes to the connected neurons, and adult cortical neurons can adjust their morphology to meet the reduction of synaptic inputs. This study may improve our understanding of the re-organization of cortical circuits following focal cerebral ischemia and help the development of new treatments designed to minimize the disability associated with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoMeng Tu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hao Zhu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiuli Kuang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiang Si
- Department of Ophthalmology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Shimin Zou
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shishuai Hao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, PRChina.
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Thyagarajan P, Feng C, Lee D, Shorey M, Rolls MM. Microtubule polarity is instructive for many aspects of neuronal polarity. Dev Biol 2022; 486:56-70. [PMID: 35341730 PMCID: PMC9058238 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Many neurons in bilaterian animals are polarized with functionally distinct axons and dendrites. Microtubule polarity, microtubule stability, and the axon initial segment (AIS) have all been shown to influence polarized transport in neurons. Each of these cytoskeletal cues could act independently to control axon and dendrite identity, or there could be a hierarchy in which one acts upstream of the others. Here we test the hypothesis that microtubule polarity acts as a master regulator of neuronal polarity by using a Drosophila genetic background in which some dendrites have normal minus-end-out microtubule polarity and others have the axonal plus-end-out polarity. In these mosaic dendrite arbors, we found that ribosomes, which are more abundant in dendrites than axons, were reduced in plus-end-out dendrites, while an axonal cargo was increased. In addition, we determined that microtubule stability was different in plus-end-out and minus-end-out dendrites, with plus-end-out ones having more stable microtubules like axons. Similarly, we found that ectopic diffusion barriers, like those at the AIS, formed at the base of dendrites with plus-end-out regions. Thus, changes in microtubule polarity were sufficient to rearrange other cytoskeletal features associated with neuronal polarization. However, overall neuron shape was maintained with only subtle changes in branching in mosaic arbors. We conclude that microtubule polarity can act upstream of many aspects of intracellular neuronal polarization, but shape is relatively resilient to changes in microtubule polarity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankajam Thyagarajan
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Chengye Feng
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - David Lee
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Matthew Shorey
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Melissa M Rolls
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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Abstract
Many membrane proteins are highly enriched in either dendrites or axons. This non-uniform distribution is a critical feature of neuronal polarity and underlies neuronal function. The molecular mechanisms responsible for polarized distribution of membrane proteins has been studied for some time and many answers have emerged. A less well studied feature of neurons is that organelles are also frequently non-uniformly distributed. For instance, EEA1-positive early endosomes are somatodendritic whereas synaptic vesicles are axonal. In addition, some organelles are present in both axons and dendrites, but not distributed uniformly along the processes. One well known example are lysosomes which are abundant in the soma and proximal dendrite, but sparse in the distal dendrite and the distal axon. The mechanisms that determine the spatial distribution of organelles along dendrites are only starting to be studied. In this review, we will discuss the cell biological mechanisms of how the distribution of diverse sets of endosomes along the proximal-distal axis of dendrites might be regulated. In particular, we will focus on the regulation of bulk homeostatic mechanisms as opposed to local regulation. We posit that immature dendrites regulate organelle motility differently from mature dendrites in order to spatially organize dendrite growth, branching and sculpting.
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25
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Wang G, Liu Y, Zhu X, Lin K, Li M, Wu Z, Zhang R, Zheng Q, Li D, An T. Knockdown of miRNA-134-5p rescues dendritic deficits by promoting AMPK-mediated mitophagy in a mouse model of depression. Neuropharmacology 2022; 214:109154. [PMID: 35659969 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal dendrites and dendritic spines are essential for normal synaptic transmission and may be critically involved in the pathophysiology of various neurological disorders, including depression. Emerging data supports the role of mitochondria in dendritic protrusions in modulating the development and morphological plasticity of spines. Mitophagy, a mitochondria-specific form of autophagy, is the fundamental process of clearing damaged mitochondria to maintain cellular homeostasis. As a brain-specific microRNA, miR-134 is localized to the synaptodendritic compartment of hippocampal neurons and negatively regulates the development of dendritic spines. However, the role of miR-134 in mitophagy related to dendritic deficits in the pathophysiology of depression remains unclear. In this study, we showed that miR-134-5p knockdown abrogated depressive-like behavioral symptoms and corrected aberrant spine morphology in hippocampal neurons of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. Moreover, knockdown of miR-134-5p triggered autophagy in dendrites, improved mitochondrial impairment, and induced the generation of autophagosomes in the hippocampus of CUMS mice. We further found that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which mediates the impairment of defective mitochondria via mitophagy, can bind directly to miR-134-5p and is negatively regulated by this miRNA. This study demonstrates that miR-134-5p exerts an enormous effect on dendritic deficits by promoting AMPK-mediated mitophagy and provides a potential new target for antidepressant drug research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Wang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ying Liu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xuejie Zhu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Kehao Lin
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Mingkai Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhenke Wu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Defang Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Tianyue An
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Platform for Modernization and Industrialization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China.
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Hasegawa K, Kuwako KI. Molecular mechanisms regulating the spatial configuration of neurites. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022:S1084-9521(22)00054-4. [PMID: 35248463 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Precise neural networks, composed of axons and dendrites, are the structural basis for information processing in the brain. Therefore, the correct formation of neurites is critical for accurate neural function. In particular, the three-dimensional structures of dendrites vary greatly among neuron types, and the unique shape of each dendrite is tightly linked to specific synaptic connections with innervating axons and is correlated with its information processing. Although many systems are involved in neurite formation, the developmental mechanisms that control the orientation, size, and arborization pattern of neurites definitively defines their three-dimensional structure in tissues. In this review, we summarize these regulatory mechanisms that establish proper spatial configurations of neurites, especially dendrites, in invertebrates and vertebrates.
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Okamoto S, Takaki M, Hinotsu K, Kawai H, Sakamoto S, Okahisa Y, Takao S, Tsutsui K, Kanbayashi T, Tanaka K, Yamada N. Impairment of early neuronal maturation in anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:525-31. [PMID: 34854935 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-06036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Adequate immunotherapies for anti-NMDAR encephalitis during pregnancy produce a relatively good clinical outcome for pregnant mothers and their infants, but there are no reports about the future growth of their babies. The damage of anti-NMDAR antibodies to early neuronal development is still unknown. OBJECTIVES Serum or cerebrospinal fluid from one patient with anti-NMDAR encephalitis (the index patient) and one patient with schizophrenia (the control patient) was administered to primary cultures of dissociated rat cortical neurons, and dendritic outgrowth, centrosome elimination, and branching of dendrites were investigated. For rescue experiments, serum of the index patient was replaced with normal culture media after 3 days' administration of the index patient. RESULTS Serum and cerebrospinal fluid of the index patient statistically significantly impaired dendritic outgrowth of cultured rat cortical primary neurons. Serum of the index patient also statistically significantly delayed centrosome elimination. Impaired dendritic outgrowth and delayed centrosome elimination were not perfectly rescued by changing to normal culture media. Serum of the index patient also statistically significantly reduced the branching of dendrites. CONCLUSIONS This is the first demonstration of the damage by anti-NMDAR antibodies on early dendritic development in vitro. As a strategy to protect embryonic neurons, our findings may support the efficacy of early immunotherapy for anti-NMDAR encephalitis in pregnancy.
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Yang J, Yin B, Sun Y, Pan H, Sun W, Jia B, Zhang S, Ma T. Zinc Anode for Mild Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries: Challenges, Strategies, and Perspectives. Nanomicro Lett 2022; 14:42. [PMID: 34981202 PMCID: PMC8724388 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00782-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The rapid advance of mild aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) is driving the development of the energy storage system market. But the thorny issues of Zn anodes, mainly including dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution, and corrosion, severely reduce the performance of ZIBs. To commercialize ZIBs, researchers must overcome formidable challenges. Research about mild aqueous ZIBs is still developing. Various technical and scientific obstacles to designing Zn anodes with high stripping efficiency and long cycling life have not been resolved. Moreover, the performance of Zn anodes is a complex scientific issue determined by various parameters, most of which are often ignored, failing to achieve the maximum performance of the cell. This review proposes a comprehensive overview of existing Zn anode issues and the corresponding strategies, frontiers, and development trends to deeply comprehend the essence and inner connection of degradation mechanism and performance. First, the formation mechanism of dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and their influence on the anode are analyzed. Furthermore, various strategies for constructing stable Zn anodes are summarized and discussed in detail from multiple perspectives. These strategies are mainly divided into interface modification, structural anode, alloying anode, intercalation anode, liquid electrolyte, non-liquid electrolyte, separator design, and other strategies. Finally, research directions and prospects are put forward for Zn anodes. This contribution highlights the latest developments and provides new insights into the advanced Zn anode for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhang Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Bosi Yin
- Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongge Pan
- Institute of Science and Technology for New Energy, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenping Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Baohua Jia
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Siwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials of Liaoning Province, Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianyi Ma
- Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia.
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Kassem MS, Balleine BW. A Novel Estimation Method for the Counting of Dendritic Spines. J Neurosci Methods 2021;:109454. [PMID: 34952089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since Cajal's visualisations of the synaptic spine, this feature of the neuron has been of interest to neuroscientists and has been investigated usually in reference to degeneration or proliferation of dendrites and their neurons. Synaptic spine measurement often forms a critical element of any study investigating neuronal morphology. However, the way researchers have counted spines hasn't changed for almost a century. Some of the currently used legacy methods fail to accommodate obscured pisnes or factor-in visibility differences between histological stains. NEW METHOD Here we investigate the neuronal dendrite and its synaptic spines, and reveal that using confocal or bright-field technologies may in fact obfuscate spine counts. A mathematical model is developed for the distribution of synaptic spines within the rat, that should, by nature of the formula and the impartiality of probability quotients, be applied to estimate the number of synaptic spines across any length of dendrite that has protrusions within any species. RESULTS Using this estimation method, we show that, depending on the method of image capture, there are in fact more spines present than typically counted on lengths of dendrite, something that may have biased morphological studies in the past. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS This new estimation method has been collapsed down into an easy-to-use free website. With input of only four fields, we provide the researcher with a more accurate estimation of the amount of spines on a length of dendrite. This was made possible by fluorescing a Golgi stain and comparing two-photon, bright-field and confocal images. CONCLUSIONS An easy web-based resource has been made available to use this new method for spine calculation. Using this method improves the validity of spine measurement and provides a means to review previously published work.
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Chakraborty A, Upadhya R, Usman TA, Shetty AK, Rutkowski JM. Chronic VEGFR-3 signaling preserves dendritic arborization and sensitization under stress. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 98:219-233. [PMID: 34389489 PMCID: PMC8511130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic arborization is critical for the establishment and maintenance of precise neural circuits. Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D), well-characterized as a "lymphangiogenic" growth factor, reportedly maintains dendritic arborization and synaptic strength in the hippocampus of adult mice through VEGF receptor (VEGFR-3) signaling. Here, we investigated the effect of chronic VEGFR-3-specific activation on adipose arbor morphometry using the Adipo-VD mouse, a model of inducible, adipose-specific VEGF-D overexpression. We examined whether adipose tissue innervation was preserved or functionally different in Adipo-VD mice during stress in vivo and if VEGFR-3 signaling afforded neuroprotection to challenged neurons in vitro. Chronic VEGFR-3 signaling in Adipo-VD subcutaneous adipose tissue resulted in a reduction in the dendrite length, dendritic terminal branches (filament length), and dendritic terminal branch volume (filament volume), but increased dendrite branching. We also identified reduced stimulus-evoked excitatory sympathetic nerve activity in Adipo-VD mice. Following 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) denervation, Adipo-VD dendritic arbors were preserved, including improved dendritic branch volume, length, and dendritic branches than in wildtype tissues. In vitro, we found that chronic elevation of VEGFR-3 signaling in developing mVC neurons changes the dendritic arbor complexity and improves stress-induced structure remodeling. Developing neurons are conferred neuroprotection against stress, potentially by upregulation of proteolytic conversion of pro-BDNF to mature BDNF. Mature neurons, however, display improved dendritic arbor complexity, and unaltered dendritic structural remodeling and improved resistance to stress with VEGFR-3 signaling. Overall, chronically increasing VEGFR-3 signaling in neurons has a synergistic impact on neurosensitization and neuroprotection during stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adri Chakraborty
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Raghavendra Upadhya
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Timaj A. Usman
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Ashok K. Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Joseph M. Rutkowski
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA,Correspondence: Joseph M Rutkowski, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807 USA, Ph: 979-436-0576,
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Vecchi JT, Mullan S, Lopez JA, Hansen MR, Sonka M, Lee A. NeuriteNet: A convolutional neural network for assessing morphological parameters of neurite growth. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 363:109349. [PMID: 34480956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During development or regeneration, neurons extend processes (i.e., neurites) via mechanisms that can be readily analyzed in culture. However, defining the impact of a drug or genetic manipulation on such mechanisms can be challenging due to the complex arborization and heterogeneous patterns of neurite growth in vitro. New Method: NeuriteNet is a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) sorting model that uses a novel adaptation of the XRAI saliency map overlay, which is a region-based attribution method. NeuriteNet compares neuronal populations based on differences in neurite growth patterns, sorts them into respective groups, and overlays a saliency map indicating which areas differentiated the image for the sorting procedure. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrate that NeuriteNet effectively sorts images corresponding to dissociated neurons into control and treatment groups according to known morphological differences. Furthermore, the saliency map overlay highlights the distinguishing features of the neuron when sorting the images into treatment groups. NeuriteNet also identifies novel morphological differences in neurons cultured from control and genetically modified mouse strains. Comparison with Existing Methods: Unlike other neurite analysis platforms, NeuriteNet does not require manual manipulations, such as segmentation of neurites prior to analysis, and is more accurate than experienced researchers for categorizing neurons according to their pattern of neurite growth. CONCLUSIONS NeuriteNet can be used to effectively screen for morphological differences in a heterogeneous group of neurons and to provide feedback on the key features distinguishing those groups via the saliency map overlay.
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Xu H, Yu ZH, Ge MJ, Shen JX, Han F, Pan C, Chen JJ, Zhu XL, Hou WY, Hou YQ, Lu YP. Estradiol attenuates chronic restraint stress-induced dendrite and dendritic spine loss and cofilin1 activation in ovariectomized mice. Horm Behav 2021; 135:105040. [PMID: 34358948 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2021.105040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian hormone deprivation is associated with mood disorders, such as depression, and estradiol therapy is significantly more effective than placebos in treating major depression associated with menopause onset. However, the effect of estradiol on neuronal plasticity and its mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. In this study, behavioral assessments were used to examine the antidepressant effect of estradiol in ovariectomized (OVX) B6.Cg-TgN (Thy-YFP-H)-2Jrs transgenic mice on chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced dendrite and dendritic spine loss; Yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) is characteristically expressed in excitatory neurons in transgenic mice, and its three-dimensional images were used to evaluate the effect of estradiol on the density of different types of dendritic spines. Quantification and distribution of cofilin1 and p-cofilin1 were determined by qPCR, Western blots, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The results revealed that treatment with estradiol or clomipramine significantly improved depression-like behaviors. Estradiol treatment also significantly upregulated the dendritic density in all areas examined and increased the density of filopodia-type, thin-type and mushroom-type spines in the hippocampal CA1 and elevated the thin-type and mushroom-type spine density in the PFC. Consistent with these changes, estradiol treatment significantly increased the density of p-cofilin1 immunopositive dendritic spines. Thus, these data reveal a possible estradiol antidepressant mechanism, in that estradiol promoted the phosphorylation of cofilin1 and reduced the loss of dendrites and dendritic spines, which of these dendritic spines include not only immature spines such as filopodia-type, but also mature spines such as mushroom-type, and attenuated the depression-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China; Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 18 Wuxiashan West Road, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Zong-Hao Yu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Ming-Jun Ge
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jun-Xian Shen
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Fei Han
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Chuan Pan
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jing-Jing Chen
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Xiu-Ling Zhu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China; Department of Anatomy, Wannan Medical College, No. 22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Wen-Yu Hou
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yu-Qiao Hou
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Ya-Ping Lu
- College of Life Science, Anhui Normal University, No. 1 Beijing East Road, Wuhu 241000, China.
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Das R, Bhattacharjee S, Letcher JM, Harris JM, Nanda S, Foldi I, Lottes EN, Bobo HM, Grantier BD, Mihály J, Ascoli GA, Cox DN. Formin 3 directs dendritic architecture via microtubule regulation and is required for somatosensory nociceptive behavior. Development 2021; 148:271101. [PMID: 34322714 DOI: 10.1242/dev.187609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Dendrite shape impacts functional connectivity and is mediated by organization and dynamics of cytoskeletal fibers. Identifying the molecular factors that regulate dendritic cytoskeletal architecture is therefore important in understanding the mechanistic links between cytoskeletal organization and neuronal function. We identified Formin 3 (Form3) as an essential regulator of cytoskeletal architecture in nociceptive sensory neurons in Drosophila larvae. Time course analyses reveal that Form3 is cell-autonomously required to promote dendritic arbor complexity. We show that form3 is required for the maintenance of a population of stable dendritic microtubules (MTs), and mutants exhibit defects in the localization of dendritic mitochondria, satellite Golgi, and the TRPA channel Painless. Form3 directly interacts with MTs via FH1-FH2 domains. Mutations in human inverted formin 2 (INF2; ortholog of form3) have been causally linked to Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease. CMT sensory neuropathies lead to impaired peripheral sensitivity. Defects in form3 function in nociceptive neurons result in severe impairment of noxious heat-evoked behaviors. Expression of the INF2 FH1-FH2 domains partially recovers form3 defects in MTs and nocifensive behavior, suggesting conserved functions, thereby providing putative mechanistic insights into potential etiologies of CMT sensory neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Das
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | | | - Jamin M Letcher
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Jenna M Harris
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Sumit Nanda
- Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Istvan Foldi
- Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics, MTA-SZBK NAP B Axon Growth and Regeneration Group, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Erin N Lottes
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Hansley M Bobo
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | | | - József Mihály
- Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics, MTA-SZBK NAP B Axon Growth and Regeneration Group, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Giorgio A Ascoli
- Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Daniel N Cox
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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Katsurabayashi S, Oyabu K, Kubota K, Watanabe T, Nagamatsu T, Akaike N, Iwasaki K. The novel mitochondria activator, 10-ethyl-3-methylpyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline-2,4(3H,10H)-dione (TND1128), promotes the development of hippocampal neuronal morphology. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 560:146-151. [PMID: 33989906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the most vital energy source produced mainly in the mitochondria. Age-related mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with brain diseases. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential cofactor for energy production in mitochondria. Here, we examined how the novel NAD+-assisting substance, 10-ethyl-3-methylpyrimido[4,5-b]quinoline-2,4(3H,10H)-dione (TND1128), modulates the morphological growth of cultured mouse hippocampal neurons. The morphological growth effect of TND1128 was also compared with that of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (β-NMN). TND1128 induced the branching of axons and dendrites, and increased the number of excitatory synapses. This study provides new insight into TND1128 as a mitochondria-stimulating drug for improving brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutaro Katsurabayashi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Kohei Oyabu
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kaori Kubota
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan; A.I.G. Collaborative Research Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Takuya Watanabe
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan; A.I.G. Collaborative Research Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Nagamatsu
- Laboratory of Curative Medicine Creation Study for Geriatric-diseases Prevention, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0082, Japan; Chemiteras, Inc., 3-24-5 Shin-yokohama, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 222-0033, Japan
| | - Norio Akaike
- Chemiteras, Inc., 3-24-5 Shin-yokohama, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 222-0033, Japan; Research Division for Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Corporation, Juryo Group, Kumamoto Kinoh Hospital, 6-8-1 Yamamuro, Kita-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8518, Japan; Research Division of Neurophysiology, Kitamoto Hospital, 3-7-6, Kawarasone, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-0821, Japan
| | - Katsunori Iwasaki
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan; A.I.G. Collaborative Research Institute for Aging and Brain Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
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35
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Nelson AD, Bender KJ. Dendritic Integration Dysfunction in Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Dev Neurosci 2021; 43:201-221. [PMID: 34139699 DOI: 10.1159/000516657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) that affect cognition, social interaction, and learning, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID), have a strong genetic component. Our current understanding of risk genes highlights two main groups of dysfunction: those in genes that act as chromatin modifiers and those in genes that encode for proteins localized at or near synapses. Understanding how dysfunction in these genes contributes to phenotypes observed in ASD and ID remains a major question in neuroscience. In this review, we highlight emerging evidence suggesting that dysfunction in dendrites - regions of neurons that receive synaptic input - may be key to understanding features of neuronal processing affected in these disorders. Dendritic integration plays a fundamental role in sensory processing, cognition, and conscious perception, processes hypothesized to be impaired in NDDs. Many high-confidence ASD genes function within dendrites where they control synaptic integration and dendritic excitability. Further, increasing evidence demonstrates that several ASD/ID genes, including chromatin modifiers and transcription factors, regulate the expression or scaffolding of dendritic ion channels, receptors, and synaptic proteins. Therefore, we discuss how dysfunction of subsets of NDD-associated genes in dendrites leads to defects in dendritic integration and excitability and may be one core phenotype in ASD and ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Nelson
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kevin J Bender
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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36
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Ricolo D, Castro-Ribera J, Araújo SJ. Cytoskeletal players in single-cell branching morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2021; 477:22-34. [PMID: 34004181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Branching networks are a very common feature of multicellular animals and underlie the formation and function of numerous organs including the nervous system, the respiratory system, the vasculature and many internal glands. These networks range from subcellular structures such as dendritic trees to large multicellular tissues such as the lungs. The production of branched structures by single cells, so called subcellular branching, which has been better described in neurons and in cells of the respiratory and vascular systems, involves complex cytoskeletal remodelling events. In Drosophila, tracheal system terminal cells (TCs) and nervous system dendritic arborisation (da) neurons are good model systems for these subcellular branching processes. During development, the generation of subcellular branches by single-cells is characterized by extensive remodelling of the microtubule (MT) network and actin cytoskeleton, followed by vesicular transport and membrane dynamics. In this review, we describe the current knowledge on cytoskeletal regulation of subcellular branching, based on the terminal cells of the Drosophila tracheal system, but drawing parallels with dendritic branching and vertebrate vascular subcellular branching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Ricolo
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Castro-Ribera
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sofia J Araújo
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, School of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain.
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Andreakos N, Yue S, Cutsuridis V. Quantitative investigation of memory recall performance of a computational microcircuit model of the hippocampus. Brain Inform 2021; 8:9. [PMID: 33963952 PMCID: PMC8106564 DOI: 10.1186/s40708-021-00131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory, the process of encoding, storing, and maintaining information over time to influence future actions, is very important in our lives. Losing it, it comes with a great cost. Deciphering the biophysical mechanisms leading to recall improvement should thus be of outmost importance. In this study, we embarked on the quest to improve computationally the recall performance of a bio-inspired microcircuit model of the mammalian hippocampus, a brain region responsible for the storage and recall of short-term declarative memories. The model consisted of excitatory and inhibitory cells. The cell properties followed closely what is currently known from the experimental neurosciences. Cells’ firing was timed to a theta oscillation paced by two distinct neuronal populations exhibiting highly regular bursting activity, one tightly coupled to the trough and the other to the peak of theta. An excitatory input provided to excitatory cells context and timing information for retrieval of previously stored memory patterns. Inhibition to excitatory cells acted as a non-specific global threshold machine that removed spurious activity during recall. To systematically evaluate the model’s recall performance against stored patterns, pattern overlap, network size, and active cells per pattern, we selectively modulated feedforward and feedback excitatory and inhibitory pathways targeting specific excitatory and inhibitory cells. Of the different model variations (modulated pathways) tested, ‘model 1’ recall quality was excellent across all conditions. ‘Model 2’ recall was the worst. The number of ‘active cells’ representing a memory pattern was the determining factor in improving the model’s recall performance regardless of the number of stored patterns and overlap between them. As ‘active cells per pattern’ decreased, the model’s memory capacity increased, interference effects between stored patterns decreased, and recall quality improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Andreakos
- School of Computer Science, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Shigang Yue
- School of Computer Science, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Vassilis Cutsuridis
- School of Computer Science, University of Lincoln, Brayford Pool, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK. .,Lincoln Sleep Research Center, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7TS, UK.
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38
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Abstract
Establishment of neural circuits requires reproducible and precise interactions between growing axons, dendrites and their tissue environment. Cell adhesion molecules and guidance factors are involved in the process, but how specificity is achieved remains poorly understood. Glycans are the third major class of biopolymers besides nucleic acids and proteins, and are usually covalently linked to proteins to form glycoconjugates. Common to most glycans is an extraordinary level of molecular diversity, making them attractive candidates to contribute specificity during neural development. Indeed, many genes important for neural development encode glycoproteins, or enzymes involved in synthesizing or modifying glycans. Glycoconjugates are classified based on both the types of glycans and type of attachment that link them to proteins. Here I discuss progress in understanding the function of glycans, glycan modifications and glycoconjugates during neural development in Caenorhabditis elegans. I will also highlight relevance to human disease and known roles of glycoconjugates in regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes E Bülow
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States; Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.
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39
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Bhattacharya MRC. A Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Model in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2143:301-10. [PMID: 32524489 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0585-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathies are one of the largest categories of neurodegenerative diseases. To investigate their mechanisms, many in vitro and in vivo models can be employed. Here we present a protocol for the induction of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in the Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) model system. Using a clinically relevant degeneration initiator, paclitaxel (taxol), it is possible to model many aspects of axon and dendrite degeneration while in a genetically tractable, in vivo system. In this protocol, we feed larval stage Drosophila neurotoxic chemotherapy drugs during the duration of larval development, followed by dissection and imaging of genetically labeled sensory axons and dendrites. Both axons and dendrites degenerate with taxol exposure. Our protocol should facilitate the adoption and expansion of this model to include other neurotoxic compounds.
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40
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Abstract
Identifying the direction of signal flows in neural networks is important for understanding the intricate information dynamics of a living brain. Using a dataset of 213 projection neurons distributed in more than 15 neuropils of a Drosophila brain, we develop a powerful machine learning algorithm: node-based polarity identifier of neurons (NPIN). The proposed model is trained only by information specific to nodes, the branch points on the skeleton, and includes both Soma Features (which contain spatial information from a given node to a soma) and Local Features (which contain morphological information of a given node). After including the spatial correlations between nodal polarities, our NPIN provided extremely high accuracy (>96.0%) for the classification of neuronal polarity, even for complex neurons with more than two dendrite/axon clusters. Finally, we further apply NPIN to classify the neuronal polarity of neurons in other species (Blowfly and Moth), which have much less neuronal data available. Our results demonstrate the potential of NPIN as a powerful tool to identify the neuronal polarity of insects and to map out the signal flows in the brain’s neural networks if more training data become available in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Zhi Su
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.,Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Chou
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.,Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Pei Huang
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chiau-Jou Li
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.,Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Che Charng
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chuan Lo
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan. .,Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Daw-Wei Wang
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan. .,Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan. .,Center for Quantum Technology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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41
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Bland KM, Aharon A, Widener EL, Song MI, Casey ZO, Zuo Y, Vidal GS. FMRP regulates the subcellular distribution of cortical dendritic spine density in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 150:105253. [PMID: 33421563 PMCID: PMC7878418 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of intellectual disability that arises from the dysfunction of a single gene-Fmr1. The main neuroanatomical correlate of FXS is elevated dendritic spine density on cortical pyramidal neurons, which has been modeled in Fmr1-/Y mice. However, the cell-autonomous contribution of Fmr1 on cortical dendritic spine density has not been assessed. Even less is known about the role of Fmr1 in heterozygous female mosaic mice, which are a putative model for human Fmr1 full mutation carriers (i.e., are heterozygous for the full Fmr1-silencing mutation). In this neuroanatomical study, spine density in cortical pyramidal neurons of Fmr1+/- and Fmr1-/Y mice was studied at multiple subcellular compartments, layers, and brain regions. Spine density in Fmr1+/- mice is higher than WT but lower than Fmr1-/Y. Not all subcellular compartments in layer V Fmr1+/- and Fmr1-/Y cortical pyramidal neurons are equally affected: the apical dendrite, a key subcellular compartment, is principally affected over basal dendrites. Within apical dendrites, spine density is differentially affected across branch orders. Finally, identification of FMRP-positive and FMRP-negative neurons within Fmr1+/- permitted the study of the cell-autonomous effect of Fmr1 on spine density. Surprisingly, layer V cortical pyramidal spine density between FMRP-positive and FMRP-negative neurons does not differ, suggesting that the regulation of the primary neuroanatomical defect of FXS-elevated spine density-is non-cell-autonomous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Bland
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22801, United States
| | - Adam Aharon
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Eden L Widener
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22801, United States
| | - M Irene Song
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22801, United States
| | - Zachary O Casey
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22801, United States
| | - Yi Zuo
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States.
| | - George S Vidal
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22801, United States.
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42
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Abstract
Neurons develop dendritic morphologies that bear cell type-specific features in dendritic field size and geometry, branch placement and density, and the types and distributions of synaptic contacts. Dendritic patterns influence the types and numbers of inputs a neuron receives, and the ways in which neural information is processed and transmitted in the circuitry. Even subtle alterations in dendritic structures can have profound consequences on neuronal function and are implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders. In this chapter, I review how growing dendrites acquire their exquisite patterns by drawing examples from diverse neuronal cell types in vertebrate and invertebrate model systems. Dendrite morphogenesis is shaped by intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as transcriptional regulators, guidance and adhesion molecules, neighboring cells and synaptic partners. I discuss molecular mechanisms that regulate dendrite morphogenesis with a focus on five aspects of dendrite patterning: (1) Dendritic cytoskeleton and cellular machineries that build the arbor; (2) Gene regulatory mechanisms; (3) Afferent cues that regulate dendritic arbor growth; (4) Space-filling strategies that optimize dendritic coverage; and (5) Molecular cues that specify dendrite wiring. Cell type-specific implementation of these patterning mechanisms produces the diversity of dendrite morphologies that wire the nervous system.
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43
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Cao K, Ma Q, Tietz F, Xu BB, Yan M, Jiang Y. A robust, highly reversible, mixed conducting sodium metal anode. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:179-186. [PMID: 36654226 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sodium metal anode holds great promise in pursuing high-energy and sustainable rechargeable batteries, but severely suffers from fatal dendrite growth accompanied with huge volume change. Herein, a robust mixed conducting sodium metal anode is designed through incorporating NaSICON-type solid Na-ion conductor into bulk Na. A fast and continuous pathway for simultaneous transportation of electrons and Na+ is established throughout the composite anode. The intimate contact between Na-ion conducting phase and Na metallic phase constructs abundant two-phase boundaries for fast redox reactions. Further, the compact configuration of the composite anode substantially protects Na metal from being corroded by liquid organic electrolyte for the minimization of side reactions. Benefiting from the unique configuration, the composite anode shows highly reversible and durable Na plating/stripping behavior. The symmetric cells exhibit ultralong lifespan for over 700 h at 1 mA cm-2 with a high capacity of 5 mAh cm-2 and outstanding rate capability up to 8 mA cm-2 in the carbonate electrolyte. Full cells with Na3V2(PO4)3/C cathode demonstrate impressive cycling stability (capacity decay of 0.012% per cycle) and low charge/discharge polarization as well. This work provides new insights into rational design and development of robust sodium metal anode through an architecture engineering strategy for advanced rechargeable sodium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshuang Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Ultilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qianli Ma
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Materials Synthesis and Processing (IEK-1), 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Frank Tietz
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Materials Synthesis and Processing (IEK-1), 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Ben Bin Xu
- Smart Materials and Surfaces Lab, Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Mi Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Ultilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yinzhu Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Ultilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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44
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Nechipurenko I, Lavrentyeva S, Sengupta P. GRDN-1/Girdin regulates dendrite morphogenesis and cilium position in two specialized sensory neuron types in C. elegans. Dev Biol 2021; 472:38-51. [PMID: 33460640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary cilia are located at the dendritic tips of sensory neurons and house the molecular machinery necessary for detection and transduction of sensory stimuli. The mechanisms that coordinate dendrite extension with cilium position during sensory neuron development are not well understood. Here, we show that GRDN-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans ortholog of the highly conserved scaffold and signaling protein Girdin/GIV, regulates both cilium position and dendrite extension in the postembryonic AQR and PQR gas-sensing neurons. Mutations in grdn-1 disrupt dendrite outgrowth and mislocalize cilia to the soma or proximal axonal segments in AQR, and to a lesser extent, in PQR. GRDN-1 is localized to the basal body and regulates localization of HMR-1/Cadherin to the distal AQR dendrite. However, knockdown of HMR-1 and/or loss of SAX-7/LICAM, molecules previously implicated in sensory dendrite development in C. elegans, do not alter AQR dendrite morphology or cilium position. We find that GRDN-1 localization in AQR is regulated by UNC-116/Kinesin-1, and that correspondingly, unc-116 mutants exhibit severe AQR dendrite outgrowth and cilium positioning defects. In contrast, GRDN-1 and cilium localization in PQR is modulated by LIN-44/Wnt signaling. Together, these findings identify upstream regulators of GRDN-1, and describe new cell-specific roles for this multifunctional protein in sensory neuron development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Nechipurenko
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA; Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | | | - Piali Sengupta
- Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA.
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Xu Y, Matios E, Luo J, Li T, Lu X, Jiang S, Yue Q, Li W, Kang Y. SnO 2 Quantum Dots Enabled Site-Directed Sodium Deposition for Stable Sodium Metal Batteries. Nano Lett 2021; 21:816-822. [PMID: 33369431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dendrite growth has been severely impeding the implementation of sodium (Na) metal batteries, which is regarded as one of the most promising candidates for next-generation high-energy batteries. Herein, SnO2 quantum dots (QDs) are homogeneously dispersed and fully covered on a 3D carbon cloth scaffold (SnO2-CC) with high affinity to molten Na, given that SnO2 spontaneously initiates alloying reactions with Na and provides low nucleation barrier for Na deposition. Molten Na can be rapidly infused into the SnO2-CC scaffold as a free-standing anode material. Because of the affinity between SnO2 and Na ion, SnO2 QDs can effectively guide Na nucleation and attains site-directed dendrite-free Na deposition when combined with the 3D CC scaffold. This electrochemically stable anode enables almost 400 cycles at ultrahigh current density of 20 mA cm-2 in Na symmetric battery and delivers superior cycling performance and reversible rate capability in Na-Na3V2(PO4)3 full batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03786, United States
| | - Edward Matios
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03786, United States
| | - Jianmin Luo
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03786, United States
| | - Tao Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xuan Lu
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03786, United States
| | - Shuaihu Jiang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Qin Yue
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Weiyang Li
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03786, United States
| | - Yijin Kang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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Matsuno H, Tsuchimine S, Fukuzato N, O'Hashi K, Kunugi H, Sohya K. Sirtuin 6 is a regulator of dendrite morphogenesis in rat hippocampal neurons. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:104959. [PMID: 33444676 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a member of the Sirtuin family, acts as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent protein deacetylase, mono-adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosyltransferase, and fatty acid deacylase, and plays critical roles in inflammation, aging, glycolysis, and DNA repair. Accumulating evidence has suggested that SIRT6 is involved in brain functions such as neuronal differentiation, neurogenesis, and learning and memory. However, the precise molecular roles of SIRT6 during neuronal circuit formation are not yet well understood. In this study, we tried to elucidate molecular roles of SIRT6 on neurite development by using primary-cultured hippocampal neurons. We observed that SIRT6 was abundantly localized in the nucleus, and its expression was markedly increased during neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis. By using shRNA-mediated SIRT6-knockdown, we show that both dendritic length and the number of dendrite branches were significantly reduced in the SIRT6-knockdown neurons. Microarray and subsequent gene ontology analysis revealed that reducing SIRT6 caused the downregulation of immediate early genes (IEGs) and alteration of several biological processes including MAPK (ERK1/2) signaling. We found that nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated ERK1/2 was significantly reduced in SIRT6-knockdown neurons. Overexpression of SIRT6 promoted dendritic length and branching, but the mutants lacking deacetylase activity had no significant effect on the dendritic morphology. Collectively, the presented findings reveal a role of SIRT6 in dendrite morphogenesis, and suggest that SIRT6 may act as an important regulator of ERK1/2 signaling pathway that mediates IEG expression, which leads to dendritic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Matsuno
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
| | - Shoko Tsuchimine
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Noriko Fukuzato
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Kazunori O'Hashi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sohya
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
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Hannan MA, Haque MN, Munni YA, Oktaviani DF, Timalsina B, Dash R, Afrin T, Moon IS. Centella asiatica promotes early differentiation, axodendritic maturation and synaptic formation in primary hippocampal neurons. Neurochem Int 2021; 144:104957. [PMID: 33444677 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Centella asiatica is a 'medhya-rasayana (nootrophic or memory booster)' herb that has been indicated in Ayurveda for improving memory function and treating dementia disorders. Although the neuroprotective effects of C. asiatica have been reported in earlier studies, the information on whether this nootropic herb could promote early differentiation and development of axon and dendrites in primary hippocampal neurons is currently limited. THE AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effects of C. asiatica and asiatic acid, one of the principal active constituents of C. asiatica, on the various stages of neuronal polarity, including early neuronal differentiation, axonal outgrowth, dendritic arborization, axonal maturation, and synaptic formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Embryonic rat hippocampal neurons were incubated with C. asiatica leaf extract (CAE) or asiatic acid. After an indicated time, neurons were fixed and immunolabeled to visualize the neuronal morphology. Morphometric analyses for early neuronal differentiation, axonal and dendritic maturation and synaptogenesis were performed using Image J software. Neuronal viability was determined using trypan blue exclusion assay. RESULTS CAE at varying concentrations ranging from 3.75 to 15 μg/mL enhanced neurite outgrowth with the highest optimal concentration of 7.5 μg/mL. The effects of CAE commenced immediately after cell seeding, as indicated by its accelerating effect on neuronal differentiation. Subsequently, CAE significantly elaborated dendritic and axonal morphology and facilitated synapse formation. Asiatic acid also facilitated neurite outgrowth, but to a lesser extent than CAE. CONCLUSION These findings revealed that CAE exerted its modulatory effects in every stage of neuronal development, supporting its previously claimed neurotrophic function and suggest that this natural nootropic and its active component asiatic acid can be further investigated to explore a promising solution for degenerative brain disorders and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Hannan
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazmul Haque
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Yeasmin Akter Munni
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Diyah Fatimah Oktaviani
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Binod Timalsina
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Raju Dash
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Tania Afrin
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Food Security, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, 38066, Republic of Korea.
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Swinehart BD, Bland KM, Holley ZL, Lopuch AJ, Casey ZO, Handwerk CJ, Vidal GS. Integrin β3 organizes dendritic complexity of cerebral cortical pyramidal neurons along a tangential gradient. Mol Brain 2020; 13:168. [PMID: 33317577 PMCID: PMC7734815 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00707-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional dendritic arborization is a key feature of many developmental neurological disorders. Across various human brain regions, basal dendritic complexity is known to increase along a caudal-to-rostral gradient. We recently discovered that basal dendritic complexity of layer II/III cortical pyramidal neurons in the mouse increases along a caudomedial-to-rostrolateral gradient spanning multiple regions, but at the time, no molecules were known to regulate that exquisite pattern. Integrin subunits have been implicated in dendritic development, and the subunit with the strongest associations with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability is integrin β3 (Itgb3). In mice, global knockout of Itgb3 leads to autistic-like neuroanatomy and behavior. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Itgb3 is required for increasing dendritic complexity along the recently discovered tangential gradient among layer II/III cortical pyramidal neurons. We targeted a subset of layer II/III cortical pyramidal neurons for Itgb3 loss-of-function via Cre-loxP-mediated excision of Itgb3. We tracked the rostrocaudal and mediolateral position of the targeted neurons and reconstructed their dendritic arbors. In contrast to controls, the basal dendritic complexity of Itgb3 mutant neurons was not related to their cortical position. Basal dendritic complexity of mutant and control neurons differed because of overall changes in branch number across multiple branch orders (primary, secondary, etc.), rather than any changes in the average length at those branch orders. Furthermore, dendritic spine density was related to cortical position in control but not mutant neurons. Thus, the autism susceptibility gene Itgb3 is required for establishing a tangential pattern of basal dendritic complexity among layer II/III cortical pyramidal neurons, suggesting an early role for this molecule in the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Swinehart
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Katherine M Bland
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Z Logan Holley
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Andrew J Lopuch
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Zachary O Casey
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - Christopher J Handwerk
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA
| | - George S Vidal
- Department of Biology, James Madison University, 951 Carrier Drive, Harrisonburg, VA, 22801, USA.
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Choi SG, Kim JH, Hong SH, Lee OY, Kang NG. Exogenous pyruvate alleviates UV-induced hyperpigmentation via restraining dendrite outgrowth and Rac1 GTPase activity. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 101:101-106. [PMID: 33277142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanin is synthesized in melanocytes and transferred to keratinocytes through dendrites. Endogenous pyruvate is a key metabolite for ATP production in glycolysis, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and exogenous pyruvate provide protection against oxidative stress and acidosis in the intercellular space. The function of pyruvate in the regulation of dendrite outgrowth remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE We examined the effect of pyruvate on dendritic elongation and skin pigmentation METHODS: Murine B16F10 melanoma cells and human primary melanocytes were used for in vitro analysis. Melanin quantitation and histochemical staining were performed in a 3D pigmented human skin model. RESULTS We demonstrated the participation of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) responsible for the membrane transport of pyruvate in B16F10 melanoma cells. The accumulation of pyruvate occurred in a pH-dependent manner, which was highly sensitive to a specific MCT inhibitor (α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid). α-MSH-induced morphological changes, including dendrite elongation and growth-cone-like structure, were diminished in B16F10 cells upon treatment with pyruvate. In addition, the number of dendrite branches was reduced in normal human epidermal melanocytes. As the Rho-subfamily of monomeric GTP-binding proteins modulates dendrite formation, we subsequently examined the suppression of Rac1 activation by pyruvate, but not RhoA and Cdc42. Furthermore, pyruvate showed anti-melanogenic effects against UV-induced pigmentation in reconstructed pigmented epidermis, established by co-seeding autologous melanocytes and keratinocytes, which act similar to in vivo skin tissue. CONCLUSION These results suggest that pyruvate treatment may be an alternative or additive therapeutic strategy to prevent hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Guk Choi
- R&D Center of LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin-Hyun Kim
- R&D Center of LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Heon Hong
- R&D Center of LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oun Young Lee
- R&D Center of LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nae-Gyu Kang
- R&D Center of LG Household and Health Care, Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Stone MC, Kothe GO, Rolls MM, Jegla T. Cytoskeletal and synaptic polarity of LWamide-like+ ganglion neurons in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb233197. [PMID: 32968001 PMCID: PMC7673360 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.233197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The centralized nervous systems of bilaterian animals rely on directional signaling facilitated by polarized neurons with specialized axons and dendrites. It is not known whether axo-dendritic polarity is exclusive to bilaterians or was already present in early metazoans. We therefore examined neurite polarity in the starlet sea anemone Nematostella vectensis (Cnidaria). Cnidarians form a sister clade to bilaterians and share many neuronal building blocks characteristic of bilaterians, including channels, receptors and synaptic proteins, but their nervous systems comprise a comparatively simple net distributed throughout the body. We developed a tool kit of fluorescent polarity markers for live imaging analysis of polarity in an identified neuron type, large ganglion cells of the body column nerve net that express the LWamide-like neuropeptide. Microtubule polarity differs in bilaterian axons and dendrites, and this in part underlies polarized distribution of cargo to the two types of processes. However, in LWamide-like+ neurons, all neurites had axon-like microtubule polarity suggesting that they may have similar contents. Indeed, presynaptic and postsynaptic markers trafficked to all neurites and accumulated at varicosities where neurites from different neurons often crossed, suggesting the presence of bidirectional synaptic contacts. Furthermore, we could not identify a diffusion barrier in the plasma membrane of any of the neurites like the axon initial segment barrier that separates the axonal and somatodendritic compartments in bilaterian neurons. We conclude that at least one type of neuron in Nematostella vectensis lacks the axo-dendritic polarity characteristic of bilaterian neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Stone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Gregory O Kothe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Melissa M Rolls
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Timothy Jegla
- Department of Biology and the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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