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Cai Y, Jiang J, Yue C, Zhang Z, Liu W. Gallic acid promotes macrophage phagosome acidification and phagolysosome formation by activating NLRP3/mTOR signaling pathway. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:867-875. [PMID: 38462174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gallic acid (GA) has a good therapeutic effect in bacteriological inhibition and plays a variety of functions in maintaining the stability of the immune system. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of GA on the bactericidal activity of macrophages against Vibrio vulnificus (Vv). METHODS A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was carried out to test the cytotoxicity of GA on J774A.1 cells. Concentration of proinflammatory cytokines in J774A.1 cells were evaluated by ELISA. The internalization and degradation of Vv in the phagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The phagosome acidification and phagolysosome formation were detected to evaluate the bacteria-clearing function of J774A.1 cells. The bactericidal activity of GA in vivo was also investigated by collecting the survival time of Vv infected mice and observing the inflammatory infiltration of organs. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that GA at 50 μM significantly inhibited the proinflammatory cytokines levels, promoted phagosome acidification and phagolysosome formation in J774A.1 cells with Vv infection. This may be related to the activation of NLRP3/mTOR signaling pathway. Additionally, GA treatment improves the survival and bactericidal activity of mice infected with Vv. CONCLUSIONS In summary, GA exerts bactericidal activity against Vv infection by regulating the formation and acidification of phagocytic lysosomes in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqu Cai
- Center for New Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine of Education Department of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China; Class III Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Preparation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the P.R.C, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jinzhu Jiang
- Center for New Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Yue
- College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science & Technology, No. 88, Xianning Avenue, Xianning, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280, East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Universities Town Campus, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Qin Y, Li W, Liu J, Wang F, Zhou W, Xiao L, Zhou P, Wu F, Chen X, Xu S, Liu L, Xiao X, Zhang D. Andrographolide ameliorates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by promoting autophagy in alveolar macrophages via the RAGE/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 139:112719. [PMID: 39032470 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy in alveolar macrophages (AMs) is an important mechanism for maintaining immune homeostasis and normal lung tissue function, and insufficient autophagy in AMs may mediate the development of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (SALI). Insufficient autophagy in AMs and the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome were observed in a mouse model with SALI induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), resulting in the release of a substantial quantity of proinflammatory factors and the formation of SALI. However, after andrographolide (AG) intervention, autophagy in AMs was significantly promoted, the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome was inhibited, the release of proinflammatory factors and pyroptosis were suppressed, and SALI was then ameliorated. In the MH-S cell model stimulated with LPS, insufficient autophagy was discovered to promote the overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. AG was found to significantly promote autophagy, inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and attenuate the release of proinflammatory factors. The primary mechanism of AG promoting autophagy was to inhibit the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway by binding RAGE to the membrane. In addition, it inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome to ameliorate SALI. Our findings suggest that AG promotes autophagy in AMs through the RAGE/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to inhibit the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, remodel the functional homeostasis of AMs in SALI, and exert anti-inflammatory and lung-protective effects. It has also been the first to suggest that RAGE is likely a direct target through which AG regulates autophagy, providing theoretical support for a novel therapeutic strategy in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Qin
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jinglun Liu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Fenglin Wang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Wushuang Zhou
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Linlin Xiao
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiu Xiao
- The Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Major Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, The First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Yu Y, Miao TW, Xiao W, Mao B, Du LY, Wang Y, Fu JJ. Andrographolide Attenuates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Airway Inflammation in Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1755-1770. [PMID: 38808326 PMCID: PMC11131956 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s445788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study is to uncover the anti-inflammatory propertity of andrographolide (AGP) in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and the underlying mechanisms related to the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway. Methods An in vivo experiment was conducted on murine model of AECOPD through endotracheal atomization of elastase and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Intraperitoneal AGP was administered four times. NLRP3 inflammasome pathway molecules were examined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis. By using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we tested interleukin (IL)-1β levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. An in vitro study was conducted to determine how AGP impacts the NLRP3 inflammasome in THP-1 derived macrophages. The levels of molecules involved in the pathway were measured. Furthermore, molecular docking analyses were carried out to investigate the interactions between AGP and pathway targets. Results In the in vivo study, NLRP3 inflammasome activation was observed in mice experiencing AECOPD. The administration of high-dose AGP demonstrated a mitigating effect on inflammatory cells infiltration in the lungs. Moreover, AGP administration effectively suppressed the expression of NLRP3, apoptosis associated speck-like protein that contains a CARD (PYCARD), cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-1 (Caspase-1), IL-1β, and IL-18 at both the genetic and protein levels. In the in vitro experiment, IL-1β levels were significantly elevated in THP-1 derived macrophages with activated inflammasome compared to the control group. Furthermore, the downregulation of NLRP3, CASP1, and IL1B genes was observed upon the inhibition of NLRP3 expression through small interfering RNA (siRNA). AGP demonstrated inhibitory effects on the gene expression and protein levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and IL-1β. Additionally, molecular docking analysis confirmed that AGP exhibited a favorable binding affinity with all five targets of the pathway. Conclusion AGP effectively inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitigated the inflammatory reaction of AECOPD both in animal models and in vitro experiments, highlighting the potential of AGP as a treatment for AECOPD with anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ti-wei Miao
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Mao
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Long-yi Du
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Research Core Facility, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan-juan Fu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou Y, Wang F, Li G, Xu J, Zhang J, Gullen E, Yang J, Wang J. From immune checkpoints to therapies: understanding immune checkpoint regulation and the influence of natural products and traditional medicine on immune checkpoint and immunotherapy in lung cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1340307. [PMID: 38426097 PMCID: PMC10902058 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease of global concern, and immunotherapy has brought lung cancer therapy to a new era. Besides promising effects in the clinical use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and low response rates are problems unsolved. Natural products and traditional medicine with an immune-modulating nature have the property to influence immune checkpoint expression and can improve immunotherapy's effect with relatively low toxicity. This review summarizes currently approved immunotherapy and the current mechanisms known to regulate immune checkpoint expression in lung cancer. It lists natural products and traditional medicine capable of influencing immune checkpoints or synergizing with immunotherapy in lung cancer, exploring both their effects and underlying mechanisms. Future research on immune checkpoint modulation and immunotherapy combination applying natural products and traditional medicine will be based on a deeper understanding of their mechanisms regulating immune checkpoints. Continued exploration of natural products and traditional medicine holds the potential to enhance the efficacy and reduce the adverse reactions of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fenglan Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangda Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Elizabeth Gullen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Huang X, Lowrie DB, Fan XY, Hu Z. Natural products in anti-tuberculosis host-directed therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116087. [PMID: 38171242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Given that the disease progression of tuberculosis (TB) is primarily related to the host's immune status, it has been gradually realized that chemotherapy that targets the bacteria may never, on its own, wholly eradicate Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. The concept of host-directed therapy (HDT) with immune adjuvants has emerged. HDT could potentially interfere with infection and colonization by the pathogens, enhance the protective immune responses of hosts, suppress the overwhelming inflammatory responses, and help to attain a state of homeostasis that favors treatment efficacy. However, the HDT drugs currently being assessed in combination with anti-TB chemotherapy still face the dilemmas arising from side effects and high costs. Natural products are well suited to compensate for these shortcomings by having gentle modulatory effects on the host immune responses with less immunopathological damage at a lower cost. In this review, we first summarize the profiles of anti-TB immunology and the characteristics of HDT. Then, we focus on the rationale and challenges of developing and implementing natural products-based HDT. A succinct report of the medications currently being evaluated in clinical trials and preclinical studies is provided. This review aims to promote target-based screening and accelerate novel TB drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Huang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Douglas B Lowrie
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Fan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
| | - Zhidong Hu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
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6
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Zhao L, Fan K, Sun X, Li W, Qin F, Shi L, Gao F, Zheng C. Host-directed therapy against mycobacterium tuberculosis infections with diabetes mellitus. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1305325. [PMID: 38259491 PMCID: PMC10800548 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1305325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and is one of the principal reasons for mortality and morbidity worldwide. Currently, recommended anti-tuberculosis drugs include isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. TB treatment is lengthy and inflicted with severe side-effects, including reduced patient compliance with treatment and promotion of drug-resistant strains. TB is also prone to other concomitant diseases such as diabetes and HIV. These drug-resistant and complex co-morbid characteristics increase the complexity of treating MTB. Host-directed therapy (HDT), which effectively eliminates MTB and minimizes inflammatory tissue damage, primarily by targeting the immune system, is currently an attractive complementary approach. The drugs used for HDT are repositioned drugs in actual clinical practice with relative safety and efficacy assurance. HDT is a potentially effective therapeutic intervention for the treatment of MTB and diabetic MTB, and can compensate for the shortcomings of current TB therapies, including the reduction of drug resistance and modulation of immune response. Here, we summarize the state-of-the-art roles and mechanisms of HDT in immune modulation and treatment of MTB, with a special focus on the role of HDT in diabetic MTB, to emphasize the potential of HDT in controlling MTB infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Tuberculosis III, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ke Fan
- Department of Tuberculosis III, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuezhi Sun
- Department of Tuberculosis III, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Tuberculosis III, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fenfen Qin
- Department of Tuberculosis III, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liwen Shi
- Department of Tuberculosis III, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunlan Zheng
- Department of Tuberculosis III, Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Chen Z, Gu Q, Chen R. miR-146a-5p regulates autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in epithelial barrier damage in the in vitro cell model of ulcerative colitis through the RNF8/Notch1/mTORC1 pathway. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152386. [PMID: 37329823 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the colon that can be influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aims to investigate the impact of miR-146a-5p on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Caco-2/HT-29 cell autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the underlying mechanism, with the aim of identifying potential therapeutic targets. We used LPS to establish Caco-2/HT-29 cell models and measured cell viability by CCK-8. The levels of miR-146a-5p, RNF8, markers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and autophagy, proteins involved in the Notch1/mTORC1 pathway, and inflammatory factors were assessed by RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA. Intestinal epithelial barrier function was evaluated by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance. Autophagic flux was measured using tandem fluorescent-labeled LC3. miR-146a-5p was highly-expressed in LPS-induced Caco-2/HT-29 cells, and autophagy flux was blocked at the autolysosomal stage after LPS induction. Inhibition of miR-146a-5p suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reduced intestinal epithelial barrier damage, and facilitated autophagy inhibition in LPS-induced Caco-2/HT-29 cells. The autophagy inhibitor NH4Cl partially nullified the inhibitory effects of miR-146a-5p inhibition on NLRP3 inflammation activation. miR-146a-5p targeted RNF8, and silencing RNF8 partly abrogated the action of miR-146a-5p inhibition on promoting autophagy and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. miR-146a-5p inhibition suppressed the Notch1/mTORC1 pathway activation by upregulating RNF8. Inhibition of the Notch1/mTORC1 pathway partially nullified the function of silencing RNF8 on inhibiting autophagy and bolstering NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In conclusion, miR-146a-5p inhibition may be a potential therapeutic approach for UC, as it facilitates autophagy of LPS-stimulated Caco-2/HT-29 cells, inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and reduces intestinal epithelial barrier damage by upregulating RNF8 and suppressing the Notch1/mTORC1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Chen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Qinglong Gu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ruichao Chen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Xuzhou City Hospital of TCM, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China.
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Rajasegaran T, How CW, Saud A, Ali A, Lim JCW. Targeting Inflammation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer through Drug Repurposing. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030451. [PMID: 36986550 PMCID: PMC10051080 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancers can be classified as small-cell (SCLC) or non-small cell (NSCLC). About 84% of all lung cancers are NSCLC and about 16% are SCLC. For the past few years, there have been a lot of new advances in the management of NSCLC in terms of screening, diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, most of the NSCLCs are resistant to current treatments and eventually progress to advanced stages. In this perspective, we discuss some of the drugs that can be repurposed to specifically target the inflammatory pathway of NSCLC utilizing its well-defined inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Continuous inflammatory conditions are responsible to induce DNA damage and enhance cell division rate in lung tissues. There are existing anti-inflammatory drugs which were found suitable for repurposing in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) treatment and drug modification for delivery via inhalation. Repurposing anti-inflammatory drugs and their delivery through the airway is a promising strategy to treat NSCLC. In this review, suitable drug candidates that can be repurposed to treat inflammation-mediated NSCLC will be comprehensively discussed together with their administration via inhalation from physico-chemical and nanocarrier perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiviyadarshini Rajasegaran
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anoosha Saud
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Ali
- Cancer Science Institute Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Chee Woei Lim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Kumar G, Thapa S, Tali JA, Singh D, Sharma BK, Panda KN, Singh SK, Shankar R. Site-Selective Synthesis of C-17 Ester Derivatives of Natural Andrographolide for Evaluation as a Potential Anticancer Agent. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:6099-6123. [PMID: 36816646 PMCID: PMC9933479 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A library of 57 compounds of natural andrographolide was designed, synthesized, and screened for in vitro studies against four human cancer cell lines: A594, PC-3, MCF-7, and HCT-116. Most of the synthesized compounds displayed better cytotoxic profile against all tested cells compared to the parent andrographolide (1). The tested semisynthetic derivatives of andrographolide were found to be more sensitive toward lung carcinoma (A594) and prostate carcinoma (PC-3) cell lines. Among the synthesized compounds, the C-17 p-methoxy phenyl ester analog 8s inhibited cell proliferation effectively in A549 (IC50: 6.6 μM) and PC-3 (IC50: 5.9 μM) cell variants, and compound 9s exhibited the most potent activity against the A594 cell line, with an IC50 value of 3.5 μM. Further anticancer mechanistic investigation demonstrated that compound 9s displayed nuclear morphological changes and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) with disturbed mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) that can lead to apoptosis. To know the exact structure confirmation of intermediate compounds 4 and 5, single X-ray crystallography was performed, which supported the complete reaction design of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulshan Kumar
- Natural
Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Sonia Thapa
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Javeed Ahmad Tali
- Natural
Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Davinder Singh
- Natural
Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Bhupesh Kumar Sharma
- Natural
Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Kamakshya Nath Panda
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand247667, India
| | - Shashank K. Singh
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine, Jammu180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Natural
Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad201002, India
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10
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Wu MN, Zhou LJM, Zhou DM. Xiyanping injection combined with acitretin for psoriasis vulgaris: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:971715. [PMID: 36147319 PMCID: PMC9486393 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.971715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Psoriasis represents the chronic, recurrent and inflammatory disorder. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Xiyanping injection (XYP) is extensively applied in China for treating diverse inflammatory disorders, such as bronchitis, viral pneumonia or upper respiratory tract infection. XYP may offer a potential treatment for psoriasis vulgaris (PV). This study focused on analyzing whether XYP combined with acitretin was effective and safe. Methods: The present meta-analysis was carried out in line with guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022333273). Besides, relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared XYP plus acitretin with acitretin alone for treating PV were searched from several databases from their inception till May 2022. In addition, this work utilized RevMan5.4 to conduct risk assessment as well as meta-analysis. Results: This meta-analysis selected altogether 10 RCTs including 815 subjects. Upon quality assessment, the RCTs mainly had low or unclear risk. According to our meta-analysis results, relative to acitretin monotherapy, XYP plus acitretin increased the total clinical effective rate, as evidenced by Psoriasis area and severity index score (PASI)-20, PASI-30 and PASI-60 in patients with PV [risk ratio (RR) = 1.23 Z = 4.87, p < 0.00001, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13–1.34; RR = 1.29, Z = 3.89, p = 0.009, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.55; and RR = 1.31, Z = 3.89, p = 0.0001, 95% CI: 1.14–1.49]; the reduced levels of TNF-α, MCP-1 and RANTES, the alleviated side effects resulting from acitretin like itchiness (RR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.4 to 0.74, Z = 3.94, p < 0.0001), and the increased levels of aminotransferases and dyslipidemia (RR = 0.5, 95%CI = 0.29, 0.86, p = 0.01; and RR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.75, p = 0.004). Conclusion: As suggested in the present meta-analysis, XYP combined with acitretin effectively and safely treats PV. Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022333273, identifier PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022333273.
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11
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Andrographolide Suppresses Pyroptosis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Infected Macrophages via the microRNA-155/Nrf2 Axis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1885066. [PMID: 35528511 PMCID: PMC9072032 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1885066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading threat to public health worldwide with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections causing long-term abnormal and excessive inflammatory responses, which in turn lead to lung damage and fibrosis, and ultimately death. Host-directed therapy (HDT) has been shown to be an effective anti-TB strategy in the absence of effective anti-TB drugs. Here, we used an in vitro macrophage model of Mtb infection to evaluate the effects of andrographolide (Andro), extracted from Andrographis paniculata, on pyroptosis in Mtb-infected macrophages. We evaluated the molecular mechanisms underlying these outcomes. These evaluations revealed that Andro downregulated the expression of proinflammatory miR-155-5p, which then promoted the expression of Nrf2 to suppress pyroptosis in Mtb-infected macrophages. Further study also demonstrated that siNrf2 could attenuate the inhibitory effect of Andro on TXNIP, validating our mechanistic studies. Thus, our data suggest that Andro may be a potential candidate adjuvant drug for anti-TB therapy as it inhibits pyroptosis in Mtb-infected macrophages, potentially improving clinical outcomes.
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12
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Wang XR, Jiang ZB, Xu C, Meng WY, Liu P, Zhang YZ, Xie C, Xu JY, Xie YJ, Liang TL, Yan HX, Fan XX, Yao XJ, Wu QB, Leung ELH. Andrographolide suppresses non-small-cell lung cancer progression through induction of autophagy and antitumor immune response. Pharmacol Res 2022; 179:106198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Xu M, Kong Y, Chen N, Peng W, Zi R, Jiang M, Zhu J, Wang Y, Yue J, Lv J, Zeng Y, Chin YE. Identification of Immune-Related Gene Signature and Prediction of CeRNA Network in Active Ulcerative Colitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:855645. [PMID: 35392084 PMCID: PMC8980722 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.855645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease of the intestinal mucosa, and its incidence is steadily increasing worldwide. Intestinal immune dysfunction has been identified as a central event in UC pathogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate dysfunctional immune cells and inflammatory phenotype remain to be fully elucidated. Methods Transcriptome profiling of intestinal mucosa biopsies were downloaded from the GEO database. Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA) analysis was performed to identify statistically changed genes and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to explore potential biological mechanisms. CIBERSORT was used to evaluate the proportion of 22 immune cells in biopsies. Weighted co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to determine key module-related clinical traits. Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network and Cytoscape were performed to explore protein interaction network and screen hub genes. We used a validation cohort and colitis mouse model to validate hub genes. Several online websites were used to predict competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Results RRA integrated analysis revealed 1838 statistically changed genes from four training cohorts (adj. p-value < 0.05). GSEA showed that statistically changed genes were enriched in the innate immune system. CIBERSORT analysis uncovered an increase in activated dendritic cells (DCs) and M1 macrophages. The red module of WGCNA was considered the most critical module related to active UC. Based on the results of the PPI network and Cytoscape analyses, we identified six critical genes and transcription factor NF-κB. RT-PCR revealed that andrographolide (AGP) significantly inhibited the expression of hub genes. Finally, we identified XIST and three miRNAs (miR-9-5p, miR-129-5p, and miR-340-5p) as therapeutic targets. Conclusions Our integrated analysis identified four hub genes (CXCL1, IL1B, MMP1, and MMP10) regulated by NF-κB. We further revealed that AGP decreased the expression of hub genes by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Lastly, we predicted the involvement of ceRNA network in the regulation of NF-κB expression. Collectively, our results provide valuable information in understanding the molecular mechanisms of active UC. Furthermore, we predict the use of AGP and small RNA combination for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Xu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Nannan Chen
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Peng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ruidong Zi
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Manman Jiang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jicheng Yue
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinrong Lv
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Y Eugene Chin
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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14
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Qu J, Liu Q, You G, Ye L, Jin Y, Kong L, Guo W, Xu Q, Sun Y. Advances in ameliorating inflammatory diseases and cancers by andrographolide: Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and perspective. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:1147-1178. [PMID: 34877672 DOI: 10.1002/med.21873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide, a well-known natural lactone having a range of pharmacological actions in traditional Chinese medicine. It has long been used to cure a variety of ailments. In this review, we cover the pharmacokinetics and pharmacological activity of andrographolide which supports its further clinical application in cancers and inflammatory diseases. Growing evidence shows a good therapeutic effect in inflammatory diseases, including liver diseases, joint diseases, respiratory system diseases, nervous system diseases, heart diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases, and inflammatory skin diseases. As a result, the effects of andrographolide on immune cells and the processes that underpin them are discussed. The preclinical use of andrographolide to different organs in response to malignancies such as colorectal, liver, gastric, breast, prostate, lung, and oral cancers has also been reviewed. In addition, several clinical trials of andrographolide in inflammatory diseases and cancers have been summarized. This review highlights recent advances in ameliorating inflammatory diseases as well as cancers by andrographolide and its analogs, providing a new perspective for subsequent research of this traditional natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoquan You
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiguang Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingdong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Zeng B, Wei A, Zhou Q, Yuan M, Lei K, Liu Y, Song J, Guo L, Ye Q. Andrographolide: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clinical trials and pharmaceutical researches. Phytother Res 2021; 36:336-364. [PMID: 34818697 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees, a renowned herb medicine in China, is broadly utilized in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of cold and fever, sore throat, sore tongue, snake bite with its excellent functions of clearing heat and toxin, cooling blood and detumescence from times immemorial. Modern pharmacological research corroborates that andrographolide, the major ingredient in this traditional herb, is the fundamental material basis for its efficacy. As the main component of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees, andrographolide reveals numerous therapeutic actions, such as antiinflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic and so on. However, there are scarcely systematic summaries on the specific mechanism of disease treatment and pharmacokinetics. Moreover, it is also found that it possesses easily ignored security issues in clinical application, such as nephrotoxicity and reproductive toxicity. Thereby it should be kept a lookout over in clinical. Besides, the relationship between the efficacy and security issues of andrographolide should be investigated and evaluated scientifically. In this review, special emphasis is given to andrographolide, a multifunctional natural terpenoids, including its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and pharmaceutical researches. A brief overview of its clinical trials is also presented. This review intends to systematically and comprehensively summarize the current researches of andrographolide, which is of great significance for the development of andrographolide clinical products. Noteworthy, those un-cracked issues such as specific pharmacological mechanisms, security issues, as well as the bottleneck in clinical transformation, which detailed exploration and excavation are still not to be ignored before achieving integration into clinical practice. In addition, given that current extensive clinical data do not have sufficient rigor and documented details, more high-quality investigations in this field are needed to validate the efficacy and/or safety of many herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Ailing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kelu Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiawen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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16
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Selecting Hub Genes and Predicting Target Genes of microRNAs in Tuberculosis via the Bioinformatics Analysis. Genet Res (Camb) 2021; 2021:6226291. [PMID: 34803519 PMCID: PMC8572619 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6226291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the world's most prevalently infectious disease. Molecular mechanisms behind tuberculosis remain unknown. microRNA (miRNA) is involved in a wide variety of diseases. To validate the significant genes and miRNAs in the current sample, two messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profile datasets and three miRNA expression profile datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed (DE) genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DE miRNAs) between healthy and TB patients were filtered out. Enrichment analysis was executed, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was developed to understand the enrich pathways and hub genes of TB. Additionally, the target genes of miRNA were predicted and overlapping target genes were identified. We studied a total of 181 DEGs (135 downregulated and 46 upregulated genes) and two DE miRNAs (2 downregulated miRNAs) from two gene profile datasets and three miRNA profile datasets, respectively. 10 hub genes were defined based on high degree of connectivity. A PPI network's top module was constructed. The 23 DEGs identified have a significant relationship with miRNAs. 25 critically significant Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were discovered. The detailed study revealed that, in tuberculosis, the DE miRNA and DEGs form an interaction network. The identification of novel target genes and main pathways would aid with our understanding of miRNA's function in tuberculosis progression.
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17
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Wang C, Huang Y, Liu X, Li L, Xu H, Dong N, Xu K. Andrographolide ameliorates aortic valve calcification by regulation of lipid biosynthesis and glycerolipid metabolism targeting MGLL expression in vitro and in vivo. Cell Calcium 2021; 100:102495. [PMID: 34740021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is caused by the initiation of the thickening and calcification of valve leaflets by valve interstitial cells (VICs). Cell metabolic changes during the CAVD process are a new field of basic research on this disease. The present study aimed to investigate whether andrographolide (AGP) could attenuate the calcification of aortic valves by regulating cell metabolism. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) metabolome analysis was utilized to investigate the changes in the metabolites of VICs from healthy and CAVD samples. Cell growth and the osteogenic differentiation of human VICs (hVICs) were assessed using a CCK8 assay and Alizarin Red S staining, respectively. The expression of two calcification-related markers, RUNX2 and ALP, was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunofluorescence staining. Molecular docking was used to detect the interaction between AGP and monoglyceride lipase (MGLL). The high-fat-fed ApoE-/- mice aortic valve calcification animal model was used to verify the effect of AGP on CAVD in vivo. Metabolome analysis showed that the metabolites of VICs from healthy and CAVD samples were highly enriched in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and glycerolipid metabolism. The top six highlighted metabolites were selected to reveal a high regulation of lipids in VICs from CAVD. AGP significantly suppressed the calcific differentiation of VICs while it decreased the accumulation of the above six metabolites, 1-monopalmitic, palmitic acid, glycerol, l-asparagine, tetraethylene glycol, and stearic acid induced by osteogenic medium (OM) stimulation. These metabolites were highly correlated with the calcific marker ALP and showed a positive correlation with CAVD. In the comprehensive assessment, MGLL, associated with glycerol synthesis, was selected as the molecular target of AGP in inhibiting the calcific phenotype of transforming hVICs. The in vivo results revealed that AGP visibly ameliorated aortic valve calcification by reducing Von Kossa and ALP staining, which was positively correlated with MGLL expression. AGP ameliorated aortic valve calcification by regulating lipid biosynthesis and glycerolipid metabolism targeting MGLL expression in vitro and in vivo. It is a potent therapeutic supplement that prevents the occurrence of heart valve calcification disease by regulating cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yuming Huang
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xianqiong Liu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Lanqing Li
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Haiying Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Nianguo Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan 430065, China.
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18
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Mvubu NE, Chiliza TE. Exploring the Use of Medicinal Plants and Their Bioactive Derivatives as Alveolar NLRP3 Inflammasome Regulators during Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179497. [PMID: 34502407 PMCID: PMC8431520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), is a successful intracellular pathogen that is responsible for the highest mortality rate among diseases caused by bacterial infections. During early interaction with the host innate cells, M. tuberculosis cell surface antigens interact with Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) to activate the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) canonical, and non-canonical inflammasome pathways. NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the alveoli has been reported to contribute to the early inflammatory response that is needed for an effective anti-TB response through production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including those of the Interleukin 1 (IL1) family. However, overstimulation of the alveolar NLRP3 inflammasomes can induce excessive inflammation that is pathological to the host. Several studies have explored the use of medicinal plants and/or their active derivatives to inhibit excessive stimulation of the inflammasomes and its associated factors, thus reducing immunopathological response in the host. This review describes the molecular mechanism of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the alveoli during M. tuberculosis infection. Furthermore, the mechanisms of inflammasome inhibition using medicinal plant and their derivatives will also be explored, thus offering a novel perspective on the alternative control strategies of M. tuberculosis-induced immunopathology.
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19
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Bagherniya M, Khedmatgozar H, Fakheran O, Xu S, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Medicinal plants and bioactive natural products as inhibitors of NLRP3 inflammasome. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4804-4833. [PMID: 33856730 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that induces caspase-1 activation and the downstream substrates involved with the processing and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α). The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by a wide range of danger signals that derive from metabolic dysregulation. Activation of this complex often involves the adaptor ASC and upstream sensors including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, and pyrin, which are activated by different stimuli including infectious agents and changes in cell homeostasis. It has been shown that nutraceuticals and medicinal plants have antiinflammatory properties and could be used as complementary therapy in the treatment of several chronic diseases that are related to inflammation, for example, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Herb-based medicine has demonstrated protective effects against NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Therefore, this review focuses on the effects of nutraceuticals and bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the possible mechanisms of action of these natural products. Thus, herb-based, natural products/compounds can be considered novel, practical, and accessible agents in chronic inflammatory diseases by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bagherniya
- Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamed Khedmatgozar
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Fakheran
- Dental Research Center, Department of Periodontics, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Suowen Xu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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