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Cabrero-de Las Heras S, Hernández-Yagüe X, González A, Losa F, Soler G, Bugés C, Baraibar I, Esteve A, Pardo-Cea MÁ, Ree AH, Martínez-Bosch N, Nieva M, Musulén E, Meltzer S, Lobato T, Vendrell-Ayats C, Queralt C, Navarro P, Montagut C, Grau-Leal F, Camacho D, Legido R, Mulet-Margalef N, Martínez-Balibrea E. Changes In Serum CXCL13 Levels Are Associated With Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing First-Line Oxaliplatin-Based Treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116857. [PMID: 38850664 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) currently lacks reliable biomarkers for precision medicine, particularly for chemotherapy-based treatments. This study examines the behavior of 11 CXC chemokines in the blood of 104 mCRC patients undergoing first-line oxaliplatin-based treatment to pinpoint predictive and prognostic markers. Serum samples were collected before treatment, at response evaluation (EVAR), and at disease progression or last follow-up. Chemokines were assessed in all samples using a Luminex® custom panel. CXCL13 levels increased at EVAR in responders, while in non-responders it decreased. Increasing levels of CXCL13 at EVAR, independently correlated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Nanostring® analysis in primary tumor samples showed CXCL13 gene expression's positive correlation not only with gene profiles related to an immunogenic tumor microenvironment, increased B cells and T cells (mainly CD8+) but also with extended OS. In silico analysis using RNAseq data from liver metastases treated or not with neoadjuvant oxaliplatin-based combinations, and deconvolution analysis using the MCP-counter algorithm, confirmed CXCL13 gene expression's association with increased immune infiltration, improved OS, and Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLSs) gene signatures, especially in neoadjuvant-treated patients. CXCL13 analysis in serum from 36 oxaliplatin-treated patients from the METIMMOX study control arm, reported similar findings. In conclusion, the increase of CXCL13 levels in peripheral blood and its association with the formation of TLSs within the metastatic lesions, emerges as a potential biomarker indicative of the therapeutic efficacy in mCRC patients undergoing oxaliplatin-based treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cabrero-de Las Heras
- CARE program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; ProCURE program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Xavier Hernández-Yagüe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Doctor Josep Trueta University Hospital, Avinguda de França, s/n, Girona 17007, Spain; Precision Oncology Group (OncoGIR-Pro), Girona BiomedicaI Research Institute (IDIBGI-CERCA), Parc Hospitalari Martí i Julià, Carrer del Dr. Castany, s/n, Salt, Girona 17190, Spain
| | - Andrea González
- Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; Badalona-Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO), Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Ferran Losa
- Medical Oncology Service, Hospital Sant Joan Despí - Moisès Broggi, C. d'Oriol Martorell, 12, Sant Joan Despí 08970, Spain; Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Gran Vía de l'Hospitalet 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat 08908, Spain
| | - Gemma Soler
- Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Gran Vía de l'Hospitalet 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat 08908, Spain
| | - Cristina Bugés
- Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; Badalona-Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO), Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Iosune Baraibar
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Carrer de Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona 08035, Spain; Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Pg. de la Vall d'Hebron, 119, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve
- Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; Badalona-Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO), Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; Research Management Unit (UGR), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Gran Vía de l'Hospitalet 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat 08908, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pardo-Cea
- ProCURE Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Gran Vía de l'Hospitalet 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat 08908, Spain; Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), Gran Vía de l'Hospitalet 199-203, L'Hospitalet del Llobregat 08908, Spain
| | - Anne Hansen Ree
- Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, P.O. Box 1000, Lørenskog 1478, Norway; University of Oslo, Problemveien 11, Oslo 0313, Norway
| | - Neus Martínez-Bosch
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Unidad Asociada IIBB-CSIC, C/ del Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Maria Nieva
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 25, 29, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Eva Musulén
- Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya-Grupo Quironsalud, Carrer de Pedro i Pons, 1, Sant Cugat del Vallès 08195, Spain; Institut de Recerca contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Sebastian Meltzer
- Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, P.O. Box 1000, Lørenskog 1478, Norway
| | - Tania Lobato
- Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Carla Vendrell-Ayats
- CARE program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; ProCURE program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Cristina Queralt
- CARE program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; ProCURE program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Pilar Navarro
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Unidad Asociada IIBB-CSIC, C/ del Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona -Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), C/ del Rosselló, 161, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C/ del Rosselló, 149, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Clara Montagut
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 25, 29, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBERONC, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Maritim 25-29, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Ferran Grau-Leal
- CARE program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; ProCURE program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - David Camacho
- Unidad de Enfermería Clinica de Cirugia. Hospital Sant Joan Despí - Moisès Broggi, C. d'Oriol Martorell, 12, Sant Joan Despí 08970, Spain
| | - Raquel Legido
- Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Gran Vía de l'Hospitalet 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat 08908, Spain
| | - Núria Mulet-Margalef
- Medical Oncology Service, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; Badalona-Applied Research Group in Oncology (B-ARGO), Germans Trias I Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez-Balibrea
- CARE program, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit, camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain; ProCURE program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruit camí de les escoles s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain.
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Boutet MA, Nerviani A, Fossati-Jimack L, Hands-Greenwood R, Ahmed M, Rivellese F, Pitzalis C. Comparative analysis of late-stage rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis reveals shared histopathological features. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024; 32:166-176. [PMID: 37984558 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating and heterogeneous condition, characterized by various levels of articular cartilage degradation, osteophytes formation, and synovial inflammation. Multiple evidences suggest that synovitis may appear early in the disease development and correlates with disease severity and pain, therefore representing a relevant therapeutic target. In a typical synovitis-driven joint disease, namely rheumatoid arthritis (RA), several pathotypes have been described by our group and associated with clinical phenotypes, disease progression, and response to therapy. However, whether these pathotypes can be also observed in the OA synovium is currently unknown. METHODS Here, using histological approaches combined with semi-quantitative scoring and quantitative digital image analyses, we comparatively characterize the immune cell infiltration in a large cohort of OA and RA synovial tissue samples collected at the time of total joint replacement. RESULTS We demonstrate that OA synovium can be categorized also into three pathotypes and characterized by disease- and stage-specific features. Moreover, we revealed that pathotypes specifically reflect distinct levels of peripheral inflammation. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we provide a novel and relevant pathological classification of OA synovial inflammation. Further studies investigating synovial molecular pathology in OA may contribute to the development of disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Astrid Boutet
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Nantes Université, Oniris, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France.
| | - Alessandra Nerviani
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Liliane Fossati-Jimack
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Hands-Greenwood
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manzoor Ahmed
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Felice Rivellese
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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Li C, Zhang L, Jin Q, Jiang H, Wu C. Role and application of chemokine CXCL13 in central nervous system lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2023:10.1007/s00277-023-05560-4. [PMID: 38010409 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05560-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) both play significant roles in the tumor microenvironment (TME). CXCL13 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has recently been found to have significant diagnostic and prognostic value in primary and secondary central nervous system (CNS) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and the CXCL13-CXCR5 axis has been shown to play an important chemotactic role in the TME of CNS-DLBCL. In this review, we first describe the clinical value of CXCL13 in CSF as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for CNS-DLBCL. In addition, this review also discusses the specific mechanisms associated with the CXCL13-CXCR5 axis in tumor immunity of primary diffuse large B cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (PCNS-DLBCL) by reviewing the specific mechanisms of this axis in the immune microenvironment of DLBCL and CNS inflammation, as well as the prospects for the use of CXCL13-CXCR5 axis in immunotherapy in PCNS-DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Li
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Litian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Qiqi Jin
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Haoyun Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Chongyang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
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Houel A, Foloppe J, Dieu-Nosjean MC. Harnessing the power of oncolytic virotherapy and tertiary lymphoid structures to amplify antitumor immune responses in cancer patients. Semin Immunol 2023; 69:101796. [PMID: 37356421 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic aggregates of immune cells that develop in non-lymphoid tissues under persistent inflammation. Since their presence has been associated with a better prognosis in cancer patients, modulating TLS formation is being part of new challenges in immunotherapy. Although mechanisms underlying TLS genesis are still not fully understood, different strategies have been developed in preclinical models to induce their formation and ultimately enhance antitumor responses. Herein, we will discuss a new approach that would consist in using oncolytic viruses (OV). These viruses have the unique feature to preferentially infect, replicate in and kill cancer cells. Their immunoadjuvant property, their use as a vector of therapeutic molecules and their selectivity for cancer cells, make them an attractive strategy to induce TLS in the tumor microenvironment. This review will examine the current knowledge about TLS neogenesis, approaches for inducing them, and relevance of using OV for this purpose, especially in combination with immunotherapy such as immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Houel
- UMRS1135 Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Inserm U1135, Paris, France; Team " Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy ", Centre of Immunology and Microbial Infections (Cimi), Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Transgene, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | | | - Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- UMRS1135 Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Inserm U1135, Paris, France; Team " Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy ", Centre of Immunology and Microbial Infections (Cimi), Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
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Zou X, Guan C, Gao J, Shi W, Cui Y, Zhong X. Tertiary lymphoid structures in pancreatic cancer: a new target for immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1222719. [PMID: 37529035 PMCID: PMC10388371 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1222719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is extremely malignant and shows limited response to available immunotherapies due to the hypoxic and immunosuppressive nature of its tumor microenvironment (TME). The aggregation of immune cells (B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, etc.), which is induced in various chronic inflammatory settings such as infection, inflammation, and tumors, is known as the tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS). Several studies have shown that TLSs can be found in both intra- and peritumor tissues of PC. The role of TLSs in peritumor tissues in tumors remains unclear, though intratumoral TLSs are known to play an active role in a variety of tumors, including PC. The formation of intratumoral TLSs in PC is associated with a good prognosis. In addition, TLSs can be used as an indicator to assess the effectiveness of treatment. Targeted induction of TLS formation may become a new avenue of immunotherapy for PC. This review summarizes the formation, characteristics, relevant clinical outcomes, and clinical applications of TLSs in the pancreatic TME. We aim to provide new ideas for future immunotherapy of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Zou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Canghai Guan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wujiang Shi
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiary Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Subburayalu J. Immune surveillance and humoral immune responses in kidney transplantation - A look back at T follicular helper cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1114842. [PMID: 37503334 PMCID: PMC10368994 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1114842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper cells comprise a specialized, heterogeneous subset of immune-competent T helper cells capable of influencing B cell responses in lymphoid tissues. In physiology, for example in response to microbial challenges or vaccination, this interaction chiefly results in the production of protecting antibodies and humoral memory. In the context of kidney transplantation, however, immune surveillance provided by T follicular helper cells can take a life of its own despite matching of human leukocyte antigens and employing the latest immunosuppressive regiments. This puts kidney transplant recipients at risk of subclinical and clinical rejection episodes with a potential risk for allograft loss. In this review, the current understanding of immune surveillance provided by T follicular helper cells is briefly described in physiological responses to contrast those pathological responses observed after kidney transplantation. Sensitization of T follicular helper cells with the subsequent emergence of detectable donor-specific human leukocyte antigen antibodies, non-human leukocyte antigen antibodies their implication for kidney transplantation and lessons learnt from other transplantation "settings" with special attention to antibody-mediated rejection will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Subburayalu
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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SOXC Transcription Factors as Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044215. [PMID: 36835620 PMCID: PMC9967432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are two common disorders that disrupt the quality of life of millions of people. These two chronic diseases cause damage to the joint cartilage and surrounding tissues of more than 220 million people worldwide. Sex-determining region Y-related (SRY) high-mobility group (HMG) box C, SOXC, is a superfamily of transcription factors that have been recently shown to be involved in various physiological and pathological processes. These include embryonic development, cell differentiation, fate determination, and autoimmune diseases, as well as carcinogenesis and tumor progression. The SOXC superfamily includes SOX4, SOX11, and SOX12, all have a similar DNA-binding domain, i.e., HMG. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge about the role of SOXC transcription factors during arthritis progression and their potential utilization as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The involved mechanistic processes and signaling molecules are discussed. SOX12 appears to have no role in arthritis, however SOX11 is dysregulated and promotes arthritic progression according to some studies but supports joint maintenance and protects cartilage and bone cells according to others. On the other hand, SOX4 upregulation during OA and RA was documented in almost all studies including preclinical and clinical models. Molecular details have indicated that SOX4 can autoregulate its own expression besides regulating the expression of SOX11, a characteristic associated with the transcription factors that protects their abundance and activity. From analyzing the currently available data, SOX4 seems to be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target of arthritis.
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Revisiting the Role of the CXCL13/CXCR5-Associated Immune Axis in Melanoma: Potential Implications for Anti-PD-1-Related Biomarker Research. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020553. [PMID: 36836910 PMCID: PMC9958642 DOI: 10.3390/life13020553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CXCL13 is a potent chemoattractant cytokine that promotes the migration of cells expressing its cognate receptor, CXCR5. Accordingly, T follicular helper cells and B cells migrate towards B cell follicles in lymph nodes, where the resulting spatial proximity promotes B cell/T cell interaction and antibody formation. Moreover, effector cells of the CXCL13/CXCR5-associated immune axis express PD-1, with corresponding circulating cells occurring in the blood. The formation of so-called ectopic or tertiary lymphoid structures, recently detected in different cancer types, represents an integral part of this axis, particularly in the context of its emerging role in anti-tumor defense. These aspects of the CXCL13/CXCR5-associated immune axis are highlighted in this review, which focuses on cutaneous malignant melanoma. Specifically, we elaborate on the role of this important immune axis as a possible ancillary target of immune checkpoint inhibition with anti-PD-1 antibodies in different therapeutic settings and as a potential source of predictive biomarkers regarding treatment efficacy.
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Preventive effect of tertiary lymphoid structures on lymph node metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:1823-1834. [PMID: 36688996 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ectopic lymphoid formations are called tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). TLSs in cancer have been reported to be associated with good prognosis and immunotherapy response. However, the relationship between TLSs and lymph node (LN) metastasis is unclear. METHODS We analyzed 218 patients with radically resected lung adenocarcinoma. TLSs were defined as the overlap of T cell zone and B cell zone. Granzyme B + cells were defined as cytotoxic lymphocytes. We evaluated phenotypes of lymphocytes in TLSs, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and LNs by immunohistochemistry. We divided the patients into mature TLS (DC-Lamp high) and immature TLS (DC-Lamp low) groups. The relationship between TLS maturation and clinicopathological factors was analyzed. RESULTS The mature TLS group was associated with significantly lower frequency of LN metastasis (P < 0.0001) and early cancer stage (P = 0.0049). The mature TLS group had significantly more CD8 + (P = 0.0203) and Foxp3 + (P = 0.0141) cells in TILs than the immature TLS group had. Mature TLSs were independently associated with a favorable overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.17, P = 0.0220) and disease-free survival (HR = 0.54, P = 0.0436). Multivariate analysis showed that mature TLS was an independent low-risk factor for LN metastasis (odds ratio = 0.06, P = 0.0003). The number of cytotoxic lymphocytes in LNs was higher in the mature TLS group than in the immature group (20.0 vs. 15.1, P = 0.017). CONCLUSION Mature TLSs were associated with an increased number of cytotoxic lymphocytes in draining LNs, a lower frequency of LN metastasis, and favorable outcomes. Mature TLSs may support antitumor immunity by lymphocyte activation.
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Does TLS Exist in Canine Mammary Gland Tumours? Preliminary Results in Simple Carcinomas. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9110628. [DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9110628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic progression is influenced by the expression of tumour antigens that activate an anti-tumour immune response. Human medical studies show that this body defence is carried out in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) but also directly in the tumour through organized cellular aggregates that are called tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). However, their occurrence has different meanings in different tumour types. For example, the presence of TLSs in breast cancer is associated with the most aggressive subtypes. This paper aimed to study TLSs in canine mammary simple carcinomas. A morphological assessment of the inflammatory infiltrate was performed on H&E sections of fifty cases. Immunohistochemistry was then carried out to typify the inflammatory cells in the tumour microenvironment. Results showed that, sometimes, inflammatory infiltrates were organized in follicles close to high-grade carcinomas, simulating a lymphoid organization, as in breast cancer. Therefore, we can assume that even in canine mammary tumours, TLSs exist and they are entities to consider due to their presence in the most aggressive histotypes or tumours with a high degree of malignancy.
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Harrer C, Otto F, Radlberger RF, Moser T, Pilz G, Wipfler P, Harrer A. The CXCL13/CXCR5 Immune Axis in Health and Disease—Implications for Intrathecal B Cell Activities in Neuroinflammation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172649. [PMID: 36078057 PMCID: PMC9454489 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine C-X-C- ligand 13 (CXCL13) is a major B cell chemoattractant to B cell follicles in secondary lymphoid organs (SLO) that proposedly recruits B cells to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during neuroinflammation. CXCR5, the cognate receptor of CXCL13, is expressed on B cells and certain T cell subsets, in particular T follicular helper cells (Tfh cells), enabling them to follow CXCL13 gradients towards B cell follicles for spatial proximity, a prerequisite for productive T cell–B cell interaction. Tfh cells are essential contributors to B cell proliferation, differentiation, and high-affinity antibody synthesis and are required for germinal center formation and maintenance. Circulating Tfh cells (cTfh) have been observed in the peripheral blood and CSF. Furthermore, CXCL13/CXCR5-associated immune activities organize and shape adaptive B cell-related immune responses outside of SLO via the formation of ectopic lymphoid structures in inflamed tissues, including the central nervous system (CNS). This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of the CXCL13/CXCR5 immune axis and its role in vaccination, autoimmunity, and infection with a special focus on its relevance for intrathecal B cell activities in inflammatory CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Harrer
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ferdinand Otto
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Richard Friedrich Radlberger
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Tobias Moser
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Georg Pilz
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Wipfler
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andrea Harrer
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University and Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Correspondence:
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12
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Aging-associated and CD4 T-cell–dependent ectopic CXCL13 activation predisposes to anti–PD-1 therapy-induced adverse events. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205378119. [PMID: 35858347 PMCID: PMC9303859 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205378119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) induced by immune-checkpoint blockade including antiprogrammed death receptor (PD)-1 therapy are a major problematic issue in cancer immunotherapy. Preclinical models for more physiologically occurring irAEs are potentially useful for the clarification of fundamental causes and natural developmental course of irAEs. Here, we found that in tumor-bearing aged, but not young, mice, anti–PD-(L)1 therapy alone induces irAE-like multiorgan toxicities through CD4 T-cell–derived interleukin (IL)-21 and subsequent age-specific CXCL13 expression in tertiary lymphoid structure. Consistent with this animal model, a systemic increase in CXCL13 correlates with irAE incidence in cancer patients. These findings provide insight into the development of management strategies for irAE that balance both irAE-related immune response and antitumor immune surveillance. Clinical success of immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) cancer immunotherapy is compromised by increased risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). However, mechanistic action(s) of immune responses underlying development of irAE remain not fully explored. Here, we found that in tumor-bearing aged, but not young, mice, antiprogrammed death receptor (PD)-1 therapy elicited irAE-like multiorgan dysfunctions with ectopic accumulation of T and B cells in damaged organs. In this preclinical model, the organ toxicities were mediated by immunoglobulin G (IgG) deposition because administration of IG from ICB-treated aged mice induced the pathogenicity specifically in naïve aged hosts. Mechanistically, CD4 T-cell–derived interleukin (IL)-21 upregulated B-cell–homing chemokine, CXCL13, preferentially in irAE organs from aged mice treated with anti–PD-1 therapy. The ICB-induced pathogenicity was alleviated by B-cell depletion or by blockade of IL-21 or CXCL13 activity. These results suggest that age-associated immune regulatory milieu contributes to the formation of tertiary lymphoid structure-like lymphocytic aggregates in irAE organs and irAE-related toxicity employing IL-21-CXCL13-auto-antibody axis. Supporting this, a systemic increase in CXCL13 and Il21 expression in CD4 T cells correlated with irAE incidence in ICB-treated patients. These findings provide rationale for therapeutic usefulness of CXCL13 in irAE management.
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13
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Sciacca E, Surace AEA, Alaimo S, Pulvirenti A, Rivellese F, Goldmann K, Ferro A, Latora V, Pitzalis C, Lewis MJ. Network analysis of synovial RNA sequencing identifies gene-gene interactions predictive of response in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:166. [PMID: 35820911 PMCID: PMC9275048 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether gene-gene interaction network analysis of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of synovial biopsies in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can inform our understanding of RA pathogenesis and yield improved treatment response prediction models. METHODS We utilized four well curated pathway repositories obtaining 10,537 experimentally evaluated gene-gene interactions. We extracted specific gene-gene interaction networks in synovial RNA-Seq to characterize histologically defined pathotypes in early RA and leverage these synovial specific gene-gene networks to predict response to methotrexate-based disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy in the Pathobiology of Early Arthritis Cohort (PEAC). Differential interactions identified within each network were statistically evaluated through robust linear regression models. Ability to predict response to DMARD treatment was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Analysis comparing different histological pathotypes showed a coherent molecular signature matching the histological changes and highlighting novel pathotype-specific gene interactions and mechanisms. Analysis of responders vs non-responders revealed higher expression of apoptosis regulating gene-gene interactions in patients with good response to conventional synthetic DMARD. Detailed analysis of interactions between pairs of network-linked genes identified the SOCS2/STAT2 ratio as predictive of treatment success, improving ROC area under curve (AUC) from 0.62 to 0.78. We identified a key role for angiogenesis, observing significant statistical interactions between NOS3 (eNOS) and both CAMK1 and eNOS activator AKT3 when comparing responders and non-responders. The ratio of CAMKD2/NOS3 enhanced a prediction model of response improving ROC AUC from 0.63 to 0.73. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a novel, powerful method which harnesses gene interaction networks for leveraging biologically relevant gene-gene interactions leading to improved models for predicting treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Sciacca
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Anna E A Surace
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Salvatore Alaimo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pulvirenti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Felice Rivellese
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Katriona Goldmann
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Alfredo Ferro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vito Latora
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia, Università di Catania and INFN, I-95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
| | - Myles J Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. .,Digital Environment Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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14
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Jia W, Zhang T, Yao Q, Li J, Nie Y, Lei X, Mao Z, Wang Y, Shi W, Song W. Tertiary Lymphatic Structures in Primary Hepatic Carcinoma: Controversy Cannot Overshadow Hope. Front Immunol 2022; 13:870458. [PMID: 35844587 PMCID: PMC9278517 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.870458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are organized aggregates of immune cells found in the tumor microenvironment. TLS can influence primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) occurrence and have an active role in cancer. TLS can promote or inhibit the growth of PHC depending on their location, and although available findings are controversial, they suggest that TLS have a protective role in PHC tissues and a non-protective role in paracancerous tissues. In addition, the cellular composition of TLS can also influence the outcome of PHC. As an immunity marker, TLS can act as a marker of immunotherapy to predict its effect and help to identify patients who will respond well to immunotherapy. Modulation of TLS formation through the use of chemokines/cytokines, immunotherapy, or induction of high endothelial vein to interfere with tumor growth has been studied extensively in PHC and other cancers. In addition, new tools such as genetic interventions, cellular crosstalk, preoperative radiotherapy, and advances in materials science have been shown to influence the prognosis of malignant tumors by modulating TLS production. These can also be used to develop PHC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weili Jia
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tianchen Zhang
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qianyun Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ye Nie
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinjun Lei
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhenzhen Mao
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wenjie Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjie Song,
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15
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Nayar S, Pontarini E, Campos J, Berardicurti O, Smith CG, Asam S, Gardner DH, Colafrancesco S, Lucchesi D, Coleby R, Chung MM, Iannizzotto V, Hunter K, Bowman SJ, Carlesso G, Herbst R, McGettrick HM, Browning J, Buckley CD, Fisher BA, Bombardieri M, Barone F. Immunofibroblasts regulate LTα3 expression in tertiary lymphoid structures in a pathway dependent on ICOS/ICOSL interaction. Commun Biol 2022; 5:413. [PMID: 35508704 PMCID: PMC9068764 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunofibroblasts have been described within tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) that regulate lymphocyte aggregation at sites of chronic inflammation. Here we report, for the first time, an immunoregulatory property of this population, dependent on inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand and its ligand (ICOS/ICOS-L). During inflammation, immunofibroblasts, alongside other antigen presenting cells, like dendritic cells (DCs), upregulate ICOSL, binding incoming ICOS + T cells and inducing LTα3 production that, in turn, drives the chemokine production required for TLS assembly via TNFRI/II engagement. Pharmacological or genetic blocking of ICOS/ICOS-L interaction results in defective LTα expression, abrogating both lymphoid chemokine production and TLS formation. These data provide evidence of a previously unknown function for ICOSL-ICOS interaction, unveil a novel immunomodulatory function for immunofibroblasts, and reveal a key regulatory function of LTα3, both as biomarker of TLS establishment and as first driver of TLS formation and maintenance in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Nayar
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Birmingham Tissue Analytics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elena Pontarini
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Joana Campos
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Onorina Berardicurti
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Charlotte G Smith
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Saba Asam
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - David H Gardner
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,Birmingham Tissue Analytics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Davide Lucchesi
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Rachel Coleby
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ming-May Chung
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Valentina Iannizzotto
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Kelly Hunter
- Birmingham Tissue Analytics, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Simon J Bowman
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gianluca Carlesso
- Early Oncology ICA, AstraZeneca, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, MD, USA
| | - Ronald Herbst
- Early Oncology ICA, AstraZeneca, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, MD, USA
| | - Helen M McGettrick
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Jeff Browning
- Departments of Microbiology and Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benjamin A Fisher
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.,National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Francesca Barone
- Centre for Translational Inflammation Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham Research Laboratories, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK. .,Candel Therapeutics, Needham, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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Meednu N, Rangel-Moreno J, Zhang F, Escalera-Rivera K, Corsiero E, Prediletto E, DiCarlo E, Goodman S, Donlin LT, Raychauduri S, Bombardieri M, Pitzalis C, Orange DE, McDavid A, Anolik JH. Dynamic spectrum of ectopic lymphoid B cell activation and hypermutation in the RA synovium characterized by NR4A nuclear receptor expression. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110766. [PMID: 35508128 PMCID: PMC9234997 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) can develop in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue, but the precise pathways of B cell activation and selection are not well understood. Here, we identify a synovial B cell population characterized by co-expression of a family of orphan nuclear receptors (NR4A1-3), which is highly enriched in RA synovial tissue. A transcriptomic profile of NR4A synovial B cells significantly overlaps with germinal center light zone B cells and an accrual of somatic hypermutation that correlates with loss of naive B cell state. NR4A B cells co-express lymphotoxins α and β and IL-6, supporting functions in ELS promotion. Expanded and shared clones between synovial NR4A B cells and plasma cells and the rapid upregulation with BCR stimulation point to in situ differentiation. Together, we identify a dynamic progression of B cell activation in RA synovial ELS, with NR4A transcription factors having an important role in local adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Meednu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine Escalera-Rivera
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Elisa Corsiero
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Edoardo Prediletto
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Edward DiCarlo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Susan Goodman
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura T Donlin
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soumya Raychauduri
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, London, UK
| | - Dana E Orange
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA; Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10028, USA
| | - Andrew McDavid
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jennifer H Anolik
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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17
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Knab K, Chambers D, Krönke G. Synovial Macrophage and Fibroblast Heterogeneity in Joint Homeostasis and Inflammation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:862161. [PMID: 35547214 PMCID: PMC9081642 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.862161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The synovial tissue is an immunologically challenging environment where, under homeostatic conditions, highly specialized subsets of immune-regulatory macrophages and fibroblasts constantly prevent synovial inflammation in response to cartilage- and synovial fluid-derived danger signals that accumulate in response to mechanical stress. During inflammatory joint diseases, this immune-regulatory environment becomes perturbed and activated synovial fibroblasts and infiltrating immune cells start to contribute to synovial inflammation and joint destruction. This review summarizes our current understanding of the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of resident synovial macrophages and fibroblasts and highlights their crosstalk during joint homeostasis and joint inflammation, which is increasingly appreciated as vital to understand the molecular basis of prevalent inflammatory joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Knab
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Chambers
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Gerhard Krönke,
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18
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Pan Z, Zhu T, Liu Y, Zhang N. Role of the CXCL13/CXCR5 Axis in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:850998. [PMID: 35309354 PMCID: PMC8931035 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.850998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL13 is a B-cell chemokine produced mainly by mesenchymal lymphoid tissue organizer cells, follicular dendritic cells, and human T follicular helper cells. By binding to its receptor, CXCR5, CXCL13 plays an important role in lymphoid neogenesis, lymphoid organization, and immune responses. Recent studies have found that CXCL13 and its receptor CXCR5 are implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren’s syndrome, myasthenia gravis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In this review, we discuss the biological features of CXCL13 and CXCR5 and the recent findings on the pathogenic roles of the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis in autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the potential role of CXCL13 as a disease biomarker and therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Pan
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Nannan Zhang,
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19
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陈 红, 胡 翔, 张 惠, 胡 洪. [Induction and Anti-Tumor Function of Tertiary Lymphoid Organs]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2022; 53:35-42. [PMID: 35048597 PMCID: PMC10408855 DOI: 10.12182/20220160102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To induce the development of tertiary lymphoid organs (TLO) in a mouse model of melanoma and to evaluate TLO's functions in antitumor immunity. METHODS Lymphotoxin-beta receptor (LTβR) was overexpressed in NIH3T3 cells through the lentivirus system and the overexpression efficiency of LTβR in LTβR-NIH3T3 cells was examined. Western blot and qPCR were used to examine the non-canonical nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway in NIH3T3 cells overexpressing LTβR. B16-OVA melanoma mouse model was constructed to explore the induction of TLO and anti-tumor functions of TLO in LTβR-NIH3T3 cells. RESULTS LTβR was overexpressed in NIH3T3 cells through the lentivirus system, and flow cytometry showed that the proportion of GFP + cells reached 99%. The overexpression of LTβR activated the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathway in NIH3T3 cells. Findings from the mouse tumor model suggest that the injection of LTβR-NIH3T3 cells successfully induced the development of lymphoid tissue around the tumor and enhanced the tumor infiltration of T cells and MHCⅡ + macrophages, significantly inhibiting tumor growth and prolonging the survival of tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSION LTβR-NIH3T3 cells promoted anti-tumor immunity by inducing TLO development, which may provide new perspectives for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- 红 陈
- 四川大学华西医院 生物治疗国家重点实验室 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 四川大学华西医院 免疫和血液研究中心 (成都 610041)Center for Immunology and Hematology Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 翔 胡
- 四川大学华西医院 生物治疗国家重点实验室 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 惠媛 张
- 四川大学华西医院 生物治疗国家重点实验室 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 四川大学华西医院 免疫和血液研究中心 (成都 610041)Center for Immunology and Hematology Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - 洪波 胡
- 四川大学华西医院 生物治疗国家重点实验室 (成都 610041)State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- 四川大学华西医院 免疫和血液研究中心 (成都 610041)Center for Immunology and Hematology Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Qin M, Jin Y, Pan LY. Tertiary lymphoid structure and B-cell-related pathways: A potential target in tumor immunotherapy. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:836. [PMID: 34712360 PMCID: PMC8548801 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS), also referred to as the ectopic lymphoid structure, has recently become a focus of attention. The TLS consists of T-cell and B-cell-rich regions, as well as plasma cells, follicular helper T cells, follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), germinal centers (GCs) and high endothelial venules. TLSs can be divided into different subtypes and mature stages according to the density of FDCs and GCs. The TLS serves as an effective site in which an antitumor inflammatory response is generated through infiltrating immune cells. B-cell-related pathways, known as the CXC chemokine ligand 13/CXC chemokine receptor type 5 axis and the CC chemokine ligand (CCL)19/CCL21/CC-chemokine receptor 7 axis, play a key role in the generation and formation of TLSs. The aim of the present review was to systematically summarize updated research progress on the formation, subtypes, evaluation and B-cell-related pathways of TLSs. Furthermore, researchers have previously reported that TLSs are present in several types of solid cancers and that they are associated with survival outcomes. Therefore, studies on TLS in breast, lung, colorectal and ovarian cancers and melanoma were summarized and compared. The TLS and B-cell-related pathways require further investigation as important immune signals and promising new immunotherapy targets in the era of T-cell therapy revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Ya Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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21
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Kang W, Feng Z, Luo J, He Z, Liu J, Wu J, Rong P. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancer: The Double-Edged Sword Role in Antitumor Immunity and Potential Therapeutic Induction Strategies. Front Immunol 2021; 12:689270. [PMID: 34394083 PMCID: PMC8358404 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.689270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a vital role in cancer development and dramatically determines the efficacy of immunotherapy. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) within the TME are well recognized and consist of T cell-rich areas containing dendritic cells (DCs) and B cell-rich areas containing germinal centers (GCs). Accumulating research has indicated that there is a close association between tumor-associated TLSs and favorable clinical outcomes in most types of cancers, though a minority of studies have reported an association between TLSs and a poor prognosis. Overall, the double-edged sword role of TLSs in the TME and potential mechanisms need to be further investigated, which will provide novel therapeutic perspectives for antitumor immunoregulation. In this review, we focus on discussing the main functions of TLSs in the TME and recent advances in the therapeutic manipulation of TLSs through multiple strategies to enhance local antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Kang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhichao Feng
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianwei Luo
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhu He
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianzhen Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Imaging Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
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22
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Boutet MA, Nerviani A, Lliso-Ribera G, Leone R, Sironi M, Hands R, Rivellese F, Del Prete A, Goldmann K, Lewis MJ, Mantovani A, Bottazzi B, Pitzalis C. Circulating and Synovial Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) Expression Levels Correlate With Rheumatoid Arthritis Severity and Tissue Infiltration Independently of Conventional Treatments Response. Front Immunol 2021; 12:686795. [PMID: 34248970 PMCID: PMC8267520 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.686795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To determine the relationship between PTX3 systemic and synovial levels and the clinical features of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a cohort of early, treatment naïve patients and to explore the relevance of PTX3 expression in predicting response to conventional-synthetic (cs) Disease-Modifying-Anti-Rheumatic-Drugs (DMARDs) treatment. Methods PTX3 expression was analyzed in 119 baseline serum samples from early naïve RA patients, 95 paired samples obtained 6-months following the initiation of cs-DMARDs treatment and 43 healthy donors. RNA-sequencing analysis and immunohistochemistry for PTX3 were performed on a subpopulation of 79 and 58 synovial samples, respectively, to assess PTX3 gene and protein expression. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to characterize PTX3 expressing cells within the synovium. Results Circulating levels of PTX3 were significantly higher in early RA compared to healthy donors and correlated with disease activity at baseline and with the degree of structural damages at 12-months. Six-months after commencing cs-DMARDs, a high level of PTX3, proportional to the baseline value, was still detectable in the serum of patients, regardless of their response status. RNA-seq analysis confirmed that synovial transcript levels of PTX3 correlated with disease activity and the presence of mediators of inflammation, tissue remodeling and bone destruction at baseline. PTX3 expression in the synovium was strongly linked to the degree of immune cell infiltration, the presence of ectopic lymphoid structures and seropositivity for autoantibodies. Accordingly, PTX3 was found to be expressed by numerous synovial cell types such as plasma cells, fibroblasts, vascular and lymphatic endothelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. The percentage of PTX3-positive synovial cells, although significantly reduced at 6-months post-treatment as a result of global decreased cellularity, was similar in cs-DMARDs responders and non-responders. Conclusion This study demonstrates that, early in the disease and prior to treatment modification, the level of circulating PTX3 is a reliable marker of RA activity and predicts a high degree of structural damages at 12-months. In the joint, PTX3 associates with immune cell infiltration and the presence of ectopic lymphoid structures. High synovial and peripheral blood levels of PTX3 are associated with chronic inflammation characteristic of RA. Additional studies to determine the mechanistic link are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Astrid Boutet
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Inserm UMR 1229, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, Nantes, France
| | - Alessandra Nerviani
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gloria Lliso-Ribera
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Leone
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Sironi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rebecca Hands
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Felice Rivellese
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Katriona Goldmann
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Myles J Lewis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute and Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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23
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Filderman JN, Appleman M, Chelvanambi M, Taylor JL, Storkus WJ. STINGing the Tumor Microenvironment to Promote Therapeutic Tertiary Lymphoid Structure Development. Front Immunol 2021; 12:690105. [PMID: 34054879 PMCID: PMC8155498 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), also known as ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) or tertiary lymphoid organs (TLO), represent a unique subset of lymphoid tissues noted for their architectural similarity to lymph nodes, but which conditionally form in peripheral tissues in a milieu of sustained inflammation. TLS serve as regional sites for induction and expansion of the host B and T cell repertoires via an operational paradigm involving mature dendritic cells (DC) and specialized endothelial cells (i.e. high endothelial venules; HEV) in a process directed by TLS-associated cytokines and chemokines. Recent clinical correlations have been reported for the presence of TLS within tumor biopsies with overall patient survival and responsiveness to interventional immunotherapy. Hence, therapeutic strategies to conditionally reinforce TLS formation within the tumor microenvironment (TME) via the targeting of DC, vascular endothelial cells (VEC) and local cytokine/chemokine profiles are actively being developed and tested in translational tumor models and early phase clinical trials. In this regard, a subset of agents that promote tumor vascular normalization (VN) have been observed to coordinately support the development of a pro-inflammatory TME, maturation of DC and VEC, local production of TLS-inducing cytokines and chemokines, and therapeutic TLS formation. This mini-review will focus on STING agonists, which were originally developed as anti-angiogenic agents, but which have recently been shown to be effective in promoting VN and TLS formation within the therapeutic TME. Future application of these drugs in combination immunotherapy approaches for greater therapeutic efficacy is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N Filderman
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Mark Appleman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Manoj Chelvanambi
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jennifer L Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Walter J Storkus
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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24
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Galletti JG, de Paiva CS. The ocular surface immune system through the eyes of aging. Ocul Surf 2021; 20:139-162. [PMID: 33621658 PMCID: PMC8113112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Since the last century, advances in healthcare, housing, and education have led to an increase in life expectancy. Longevity is accompanied by a higher prevalence of age-related diseases, such as cancer, autoimmunity, diabetes, and infection, and part of this increase in disease incidence relates to the significant changes that aging brings about in the immune system. The eye is not spared by aging either, presenting with age-related disorders of its own, and interestingly, many of these diseases have immune pathophysiology. Being delicate organs that must be exposed to the environment in order to capture light, the eyes are endowed with a mucosal environment that protects them, the so-called ocular surface. As in other mucosal sites, immune responses at the ocular surface need to be swift and potent to eliminate threats but are at the same time tightly controlled to prevent excessive inflammation and bystander damage. This review will detail how aging affects the mucosal immune response of the ocular surface as a whole and how this process relates to the higher incidence of ocular surface disease in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremias G Galletti
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Medicine (IMEX), CONICET-National Academy of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Cintia S de Paiva
- Ocular Surface Center, Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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25
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Location, location, location: how the tissue microenvironment affects inflammation in RA. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021; 17:195-212. [PMID: 33526927 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-00570-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Current treatments for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) do not work well for a large proportion of patients, or at all in some individuals, and cannot cure or prevent this disease. One major obstacle to developing better drugs is a lack of complete understanding of how inflammatory joint disease arises and progresses. Emerging evidence indicates an important role for the tissue microenvironment in the pathogenesis of RA. Each tissue is made up of cells surrounded and supported by a unique extracellular matrix (ECM). These complex molecular networks define tissue architecture and provide environmental signals that programme site-specific cell behaviour. In the synovium, a main site of disease activity in RA, positional and disease stage-specific cellular diversity exist. Improved understanding of the architecture of the synovium from gross anatomy to the single-cell level, in parallel with evidence demonstrating how the synovial ECM is vital for synovial homeostasis and how dysregulated signals from the ECM promote chronic inflammation and tissue destruction in the RA joint, has opened up new ways of thinking about the pathogenesis of RA. These new ideas provide novel therapeutic approaches for patients with difficult-to-treat disease and could also be used in disease prevention.
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26
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Menon M, Hussell T, Ali Shuwa H. Regulatory B cells in respiratory health and diseases. Immunol Rev 2021; 299:61-73. [PMID: 33410165 PMCID: PMC7986090 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B cells are critical mediators of humoral immune responses in the airways through antibody production, antigen presentation, and cytokine secretion. In addition, a subset of B cells, known as regulatory B cells (Bregs), exhibit immunosuppressive functions via diverse regulatory mechanisms. Bregs modulate immune responses via the secretion of IL‐10, IL‐35, and tumor growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), and by direct cell contact. The balance between effector and regulatory B cell functions is critical in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. The importance of Bregs in airway immune responses is emphasized by the different respiratory disorders associated with abnormalities in Breg numbers and function. In this review, we summarize the role of immunosuppressive Bregs in airway inflammatory diseases and highlight the importance of this subset in the maintenance of respiratory health. We propose that improved understanding of signals in the lung microenvironment that drive Breg differentiation can provide novel therapeutic avenues for improved management of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhvi Menon
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Tracy Hussell
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Halima Ali Shuwa
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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27
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Sharma S, Kadam P, Singh RP, Davoodi M, St John M, Lee JM. CCL21-DC tumor antigen vaccine augments anti-PD-1 therapy in lung cancer. AIMS MEDICAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/medsci.2021022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
<abstract>
<p>Targeting inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules has highlighted the need to find approaches enabling the induction and activation of an immune response against cancer. Therapeutic vaccination, which can induce a specific immune response against tumor antigens, is an important approach to consider. Although this approach has shown low clinical efficacy when combined with other treatment modalities, therapeutic cancer vaccines will have a better outcome when combined with immune checkpoint blockade therapy with potential for cancer free survival. In this review, we will discuss the results of our two recent publications in preclinical lung cancer models. Our studies reveal that anti-PD-1 administered in combination with CCL21-DC tumor antigen therapeutic vaccines eradicate lung cancer. The results of these studies highlight the importance of combination therapy of immune checkpoint blockade and therapeutic cancer vaccines for lung cancer patients.</p>
</abstract>
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28
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Marinkovic T, Marinkovic D. Biological mechanisms of ectopic lymphoid structure formation and their pathophysiological significance. Int Rev Immunol 2020; 40:255-267. [PMID: 32631119 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1789620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) or tertiary lymphoid organs are structures with the organization similar to the one of secondary lymphoid organs, formed in non-lymphoid tissues. They are considered to be an important site for the lymphocytic physiological and pathological role in conditions such are chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, cancer, and allograft rejection. Although similar to the secondary lymphoid tissues, the initiation of ELS formation is not preprogramed and requires chronic inflammation, expression of homeostatic chemokines, and lymphotoxin beta receptor activation. Importantly, while ELS formation may be considered beneficiary in antimicrobial and antitumor immunity, the persistence of these active lymphoid structures within the tissue increase the chance for development of autoimmunity and lymphoma. This paper is providing an overview of biological mechanisms involved in ELS formation, as well as the overview of the pathophysiological role of these structures. In addition, the paper discusses the possibility to therapeutically target ELS formation, bearing in mind their bivalent nature and role in different pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Marinkovic
- Department of Medical Sciences, Western Serbia Academy of Applied Sciences, Uzice, Serbia
| | - Dragan Marinkovic
- Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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29
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Roth RA, Ganey PE. What have we learned from animal models of idiosyncratic, drug-induced liver injury? Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:475-491. [PMID: 32324077 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1760246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiosyncratic, drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) continues to plague patients and restrict the use of drugs that are pharmacologically effective. Mechanisms of IDILI are incompletely understood, and a better understanding would reduce speculation and could help to identify safer drug candidates preclinically. Animal models have the potential to enhance knowledge of mechanisms of IDILI. AREAS COVERED Numerous hypotheses have emerged to explain IDILI pathogenesis, many of which center on the roles of the innate and/or adaptive immune systems. Animal models based on these hypotheses are reviewed in the context of their contributions to understanding of IDILI and their limitations. EXPERT OPINION Animal models of IDILI based on an activated adaptive immune system have to date failed to reproduce major liver injury that is of most concern clinically. The only models that have so far resulted in pronounced liver injury are based on the multiple determinant hypothesis or the inflammatory stress hypothesis. The liver pathogenesis in IDILI animal models involves various leukocytes and immune mediators such as cytokines. Insights from animal models are changing the way we view IDILI pathogenesis and are leading to better approaches to preclinical prediction of IDILI potential of new drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Roth
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Patricia E Ganey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University , East Lansing, MI, USA
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30
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Jeucken KCM, Koning JJ, Mebius RE, Tas SW. The Role of Endothelial Cells and TNF-Receptor Superfamily Members in Lymphoid Organogenesis and Function During Health and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2700. [PMID: 31824495 PMCID: PMC6879661 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymph nodes (LNs) are crucial for the orchestration of immune responses. LN reactions depend on interactions between incoming and local immune cells, and stromal cells. To mediate these cellular interactions an organized vascular network within the LN exists. In general, the LN vasculature can be divided into two components: blood vessels, which include the specialized high endothelial venules that recruit lymphocytes from the bloodstream, and lymphatic vessels. Signaling via TNF receptor (R) superfamily (SF) members has been implicated as crucial for the development and function of LNs and the LN vasculature. In recent years the role of cell-specific signaling of TNFRSF members in different endothelial cell (EC) subsets and their roles in development and maintenance of lymphoid organs has been elucidated. Here, we discuss recent insights into EC-specific TNFRSF member signaling and highlight its importance in different EC subsets in LN organogenesis and function during health, and in lymphocyte activation and tertiary lymphoid structure formation during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim C M Jeucken
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (ARC), Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jasper J Koning
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reina E Mebius
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander W Tas
- Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (ARC), Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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31
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Sofopoulos M, Fortis SP, Vaxevanis CK, Sotiriadou NN, Arnogiannaki N, Ardavanis A, Vlachodimitropoulos D, Perez SA, Baxevanis CN. The prognostic significance of peritumoral tertiary lymphoid structures in breast cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:1733-1745. [PMID: 31598757 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tumors and their surrounding area represent spatially organized "ecosystems", where tumor cells and the immune contextures of the different compartments are in a dynamic interplay, with potential clinical impact. Here, we aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of peritumoral tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) either alone or jointly with the intratumoral densities and spatial distribution of CD8 + and CD163 + cells in breast cancer (BCa) patients. TLS were identified peritumorally, within the area distancing up to 5 mm from the infiltrative tumor border, counted and further characterized as adjacent or distal, in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue samples from a cohort of 167 patients, with histologically confirmed invasive ductal BCa. TLS and tumor-infiltrating immune cells were determined by H&E and immunohistochemistry. Clinical follow-up was available for 112 of these patients. Patients with peritumoral TLS exhibited worse disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) as compared to patients lacking TLS. Moreover, the density of peritumoral TLS was found to be crucial for prognosis, since patients with abundant TLS exhibited the worst DFS and OS. By combining the density of adjacent TLS (aTLS) with our recently published intratumoral signatures based on the differential distribution of CD8 + and CD163 + in the tumor center and invasive margin, we created two improved immune signatures with superior prognostic strength and higher patient population coverage. Our observations strengthen the notion for the fundamental role of the dynamic interplay between the immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (center/invasive margin) and the tumor surrounding area (peritumoral TLS) on the clinical outcome of BCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sotirios P Fortis
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522, Athens, Greece
| | - Christoforos K Vaxevanis
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | - Sonia A Perez
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantin N Baxevanis
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Center, Saint Savas Cancer Hospital, 171 Alexandras Avenue, 11522, Athens, Greece.
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Kim S, Shah SB, Graney PL, Singh A. Multiscale engineering of immune cells and lymphoid organs. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2019; 4:355-378. [PMID: 31903226 PMCID: PMC6941786 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-019-0100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunoengineering applies quantitative and materials-based approaches for the investigation of the immune system and for the development of therapeutic solutions for various diseases, such as infection, cancer, inflammatory diseases and age-related malfunctions. The design of immunomodulatory and cell therapies requires the precise understanding of immune cell formation and activation in primary, secondary and ectopic tertiary immune organs. However, the study of the immune system has long been limited to in vivo approaches, which often do not allow multidimensional control of intracellular and extracellular processes, and to 2D in vitro models, which lack physiological relevance. 3D models built with synthetic and natural materials enable the structural and functional recreation of immune tissues. These models are being explored for the investigation of immune function and dysfunction at the cell, tissue and organ levels. In this Review, we discuss 2D and 3D approaches for the engineering of primary, secondary and tertiary immune structures at multiple scales. We highlight important insights gained using these models and examine multiscale engineering strategies for the design and development of immunotherapies. Finally, dynamic 4D materials are investigated for their potential to provide stimuli-dependent and context-dependent scaffolds for the generation of immune organ models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwoong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Sungwoong Kim, Shivem B. Shah, Pamela L. Graney
| | - Shivem B. Shah
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Sungwoong Kim, Shivem B. Shah, Pamela L. Graney
| | - Pamela L. Graney
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Sungwoong Kim, Shivem B. Shah, Pamela L. Graney
| | - Ankur Singh
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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CXCR7 contributes to the aggressive phenotype of cholangiocarcinoma cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:2246-2256. [PMID: 31059778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is dependent on a cross-talk with stromal cells, which release different chemokines including CXCL12, that interacts with two different receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of CXCR7 in CCA cells. CXCR7 is overexpressed by different CCA cell lines and in human CCA specimens. Knock-down of CXCR7 in HuCCT-1 cells reduced migration, invasion, and CXCL12-induced adhesion to collagen I. Survival of CCA was also reduced in CXCR7-silenced cells. The ability of CXCL12 to induce cell migration and survival was also blocked by CCX733, a CXCR7 antagonist. Similar effects of CXCR7 activation were observed in CCLP-1 cells and in primary iCCA cells. Enrichment of tumor stem-like cells by a 3D culture system resulted in increased CXCR7 expression compared to cells grown in monolayers, and genetic knockdown of CXCR7 robustly reduced sphere formation both in HuCCT-1 and in CCLP-1 cells. In HuCCT-1 cells CXCR7 was found to interact with β-arrestin 2, which was necessary to mediate CXCL12-induced migration, but not survival. In conclusion, CXCR7 is widely expressed in CCA, and contributes to the aggressive phenotype of CCA cells, inducing cell migration, invasion, adhesion, survival, growth and stem cell-like features. Cell migration induced by CXCR7 requires interaction with β-arrestin 2.
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Hussain M, Adah D, Tariq M, Lu Y, Zhang J, Liu J. CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling axis in cancer. Life Sci 2019; 227:175-186. [PMID: 31026453 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment comprises stromal and tumor cells which interact with each other through complex cross-talks that are mediated by a variety of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. The chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) are among the key chemotactic factors which play crucial roles in deriving cancer cell biology. CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling axis makes pivotal contributions to the development and progression of several human cancers. In this review, we discuss how CXCL13/CXCR5 signaling modulates cancer cell ability to grow, proliferate, invade, and metastasize. Furthermore, we also discuss the preliminary evidence on context-dependent functioning of this axis within the tumor-immune microenvironment, thus, highlighting its potential dichotomy with respect to anticancer immunity and cancer immune-evasion mechanisms. At the end, we briefly shed light on the therapeutic potential or implications of targeting CXCL13/CXCR5 axis within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammal Hussain
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Dickson Adah
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Heath, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China
| | - Muqddas Tariq
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yongzhi Lu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China
| | - Jiancun Zhang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China.
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Science Park, Guangzhou 510530, PR China.
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Li D, Hao X, Dong Y, Zhang M, Song Y. PF4V1, an miRNA-875-3p target, suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in prostate cancer and serves as a potential prognostic biomarker. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:2299-2312. [PMID: 30962718 PMCID: PMC6432891 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s187831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PF4V1 is a novel protein in inflammation, angiogenesis, and cancer. However, the pathogenesis, underlying mechanisms, and the prognostic value of PF4V1 in prostate cancer (PCa) are still unclear. Materials and methods The PF4V1 expression and relation with survival were analyzed based on a large sample size in the Cancer Genome Atlas. In vitro, the overexpression of PF4V1 was conducted in DU145 and LNCaP cells. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell® assays were preformed to test biological functions of PF4V1 and miR-875-3p in PCa. Western blotting was used to measure downstream markers in AKT pathways and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vivo experiments were performed to test the therapeutic effect of PF4V1 protein to PCa via a mouse model. Results The expression of PF4V1 was significantly lower in 497 PCa samples than in 52 normal controls (P=0.0012). High PF4V1 expression (normalized by TP53) was associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) and good overall survival (OS) in PCa (P<0.05). PF4V1 was underexpressed in four PCa cell lines than in normal prostate cells. Overexpression of PF4V1 could significantly suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of DU145 and LNCaP cells (P<0.05). Moreover, miR-875-3p targeted the 3′-untranslated region of PF4V1 and derepressed the inhibitory function of PF4V1 in PCa (P<0.05). Key proteins such as p-AKT/p-ERK/Snail/Slug/N-cadherin were downregulated, while E-cadherin was upregulated when PF4V1 was overexpressed in PCa cells. Finally, intratumoral injection of PF4V1 protein could significantly inhibit PCa growth in vivo. Conclusion PF4V1 can suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PCa cells by regulating AKT/ERK pathways and EMT. Elevated PF4V1/TP53 expression is correlated with poorer DFS and better OS in the patients with PCa. The miR-875-3p-PF4V1 axis may be a new therapeutic target site in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xuanyu Hao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudi Dong
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yongsheng Song
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, ;
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Abstract
Tonsils are mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues located at the openings of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, which play a key role in the surveillance of inhaled or ingested pathogens and can concurrently be reservoirs of infectious agents. Therefore, tonsils are important for the immunology and hygiene management of domestic animals, including pigs. However, the process of their fetal developmental has been poorly described, at least in part, because rodents lack tonsils. Therefore, we performed a histological analysis of porcine tonsils of the soft palate from 60 to 100 days of gestation (DG) and from 2 to 14 days post partum (DP). This analysis showed that lymphoid aggregations first appear at DG65, gradually develop during the fetal stage, and expand after birth. In addition, the mRNA expression of chemokine genes involved in lymphoid aggregation and localization was analyzed. CCL19 expression showed the most marked increase and a sharp peak after birth. CCL21 expression changed moderately but showed an interesting bimodal pattern. CXCL13 expression steadily increased throughout the study period. Thus, we demonstrated the mRNA expression of chemokine characteristically changed accompanying tonsillar development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Suzuki
- Division of Animal Science, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
| | - Daiichiro Fuchimoto
- Division of Animal Science, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, NARO, 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan
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Nerviani A, Pitzalis C. Role of chemokines in ectopic lymphoid structures formation in autoimmunity and cancer. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:333-341. [PMID: 29947426 PMCID: PMC6099300 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0218-062r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectopic (or tertiary) lymphoid structures (ELS) are organized aggregates of lymphocytes resembling secondary lymphoid organs and developing in chronically inflamed nonlymphoid tissues during persistent infections, graft rejection, autoimmune conditions, and cancer. In this review, we will first depict the mechanisms regulating ELS generation, focusing on the role played by lymphoid chemokines. We will then characterize ELS forming in target organs during autoimmune conditions, here exemplified by rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer, highlighting the relevance of the tissue-specific factors. Finally, we will discuss the clinical significance of ELS and the therapeutic potential of their inhibition and/or enhancement depending on the disease considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Nerviani
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Costantino Pitzalis
- Centre for Experimental Medicine & Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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