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Abdel Aziz N, Musaigwa F, Mosala P, Berkiks I, Brombacher F. Type 2 immunity: a two-edged sword in schistosomiasis immunopathology. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:657-673. [PMID: 35835714 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is the second most debilitating neglected tropical disease globally after malaria, with no available therapy to control disease-driven immunopathology. Although schistosomiasis induces a markedly heterogenous immune response, type 2 immunity is the dominating immune response following oviposition. While type 2 immunity has a crucial role in granuloma formation and host survival during the acute stage of disease, its chronic activation can result in tissue scarring, fibrosis, and organ impairment. Here, we discuss recent advances in schistosomiasis, demonstrating how different immune and non-immune cells and signaling pathways are involved in the induction, maintenance, and regulation of type 2 immunity. A better understanding of these immune responses during schistosomiasis is essential to inform the potential development of candidate therapeutic strategies that fine-tune type 2 immunity to ideally modulate schistosomiasis immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Abdel Aziz
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Program, Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
| | - Fungai Musaigwa
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Paballo Mosala
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Inssaf Berkiks
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Frank Brombacher
- Cytokines and Diseases Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Cape Town Component, Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa.
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Lamiable O, Brewerton M, Ronchese F. IL-13 in dermal type-2 dendritic cell specialization: from function to therapeutic targeting. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1047-1057. [PMID: 35652857 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Skin functions as a barrier protecting the host against physical, thermal, chemical changes and microbial insults. The skin is populated by several immune cell types which are crucial to host defence and to maintain self-tolerance as well as equilibrium with beneficial microbiota. Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are antigen-presenting cells that patrol the skin and all other non-lymphoid tissues for self or foreign antigens, then migrate to draining lymph nodes to initiate T cell responses. This review article describes recent developments on skin cDC specialization, focusing on the role of IL-13, a cytokine essential to allergic immune responses that is also secreted at steady state by type-2 innate lymphoid cells in healthy skin and is required for dermal cDC differentiation. Furthermore, we contextualize how different therapeutics that block IL-13 signaling and were recently approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis might affect cDCs in human skin. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Lamiable
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand
| | - Maia Brewerton
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand.,Department of Clinical Immunology & Allergy, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Franca Ronchese
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, 6012, New Zealand
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Mbanefo EC, Fu CL, Ho CP, Le L, Ishida K, Hammam O, Hsieh MH. Interleukin-4 Signaling Plays a Major Role in Urogenital Schistosomiasis-Associated Bladder Pathogenesis. Infect Immun 2020; 88:e00669-19. [PMID: 31843965 PMCID: PMC7035943 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00669-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is crucial in many helminth infections, but its role in urogenital schistosomiasis, infection with Schistosoma haematobium worms, remains poorly understood due to a historical lack of animal models. The bladder pathology of urogenital schistosomiasis is caused by immune responses to eggs deposited in the bladder wall. A range of pathology occurs, including urothelial hyperplasia and cancer, but associated mechanisms and links to IL-4 are largely unknown. We modeled urogenital schistosomiasis by injecting the bladder walls of IL-4 receptor-alpha knockout (Il4ra-/- ) and wild-type mice with S. haematobium eggs. Readouts included bladder histology and ex vivo assessments of urothelial proliferation, cell cycle, and ploidy status. We also quantified the effects of exogenous IL-4 on urothelial cell proliferation in vitro, including cell cycle status and phosphorylation patterns of major downstream regulators in the IL-4 signaling pathway. There was a significant decrease in the intensity of granulomatous responses to bladder-wall-injected S. haematobium eggs in Il4ra-/- versus wild-type mice. S. haematobium egg injection triggered significant urothelial proliferation, including evidence of urothelial hyper-diploidy and cell cycle skewing in wild-type but not Il4ra-/- mice. Urothelial exposure to IL-4 in vitro led to cell cycle polarization and increased phosphorylation of AKT. Our results show that IL-4 signaling is required for key pathogenic features of urogenital schistosomiasis and that particular aspects of this signaling pathway may exert these effects directly on the urothelium. These findings point to potential mechanisms by which urogenital schistosomiasis promotes bladder carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evaristus C Mbanefo
- Division of Urology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Bladder Immunology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Chi-Ling Fu
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Christina P Ho
- Division of Urology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Loc Le
- Bladder Immunology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Kenji Ishida
- Bladder Immunology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Michael H Hsieh
- Division of Urology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Bladder Immunology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
- Department of Urology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Sibanda E, Barbouche MR. Progress and history of the 10th Federation of African Immunological Societies Congress. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:229-232. [PMID: 30702767 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5mr1218-493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The 10th Federation of African Immunological Societies (FAIS) Congress, held in Tunisia in November 2017, marked a significant scientific milestone. It enabled scientists from across the continent to promote immunology research and to showcase major achievements made by immunologists throughout Africa. This issue of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology (JLB) features manuscripts from the FAIS Congress. As noted in these papers, research in infectious diseases remains the focus of the African immunology community; however, increasingly noncommunicable diseases-such as autoimmunity, allergy, primary immunodeficiency, cancer and transplantation immunology-are also an emerging priority. This overview gives a brief history of the FAIS meeting, which also commemorated the 25th anniversary of the FAIS. It describes the current activities of the organization, as well as its history and the future opportunities for this Federation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elopy Sibanda
- Asthma, Allergy and Immunology Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe.,Department of Pathology, NUST Medical School, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.,Division of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohamed-Ridha Barbouche
- Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis and University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Ndlovu H, Nono JK, Nieuwenhuizen NE, Brombacher F. IL-4Rα-expressing CD11c + cells contribute to driving optimal cellular responses during Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 105:307-316. [PMID: 30500088 PMCID: PMC6391868 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.ma0318-115r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of IL‐4 receptor alpha (IL‐4Rα)‐dependent cellular immunity regulates host protection against acute schistosomiasis. In this study, we investigated the importance of IL‐4Rα‐expressing CD11c+ cells in driving the development of optimal cellular responses to Schistosoma mansoni infection by using CD11ccreIL‐4Rα−/lox BALB/c mice, which lacked IL‐4Rα expression on dendritic cells and alveolar macrophages. Abrogation of IL‐4Rα expression on CD11c+ cells affected activation of CD4+ T cells, resulting in reduced numbers of effector CD4+ T cells and impaired production of Th1 and Th2 cytokines by CD4+ T cells ex vivo. However, secretion of both type 1 and type 2 Ab isotypes was unchanged in infected CD11c‐specific IL‐4Rα‐deficient mice compared to littermate controls. Together, these data demonstrate that IL‐4Rα‐expressing CD11c+ cells play an important role in maintaining cellular immunity during schistosomiasis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hlumani Ndlovu
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Immunology of Infectious Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Justin Komguep Nono
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,The Medical Research Centre, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM), Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Natalie Eva Nieuwenhuizen
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Immunology of Infectious Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Frank Brombacher
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Immunology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine (IDM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Immunology of Infectious Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town, South Africa
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