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Munoz C, Fotaki A, Hua A, Hajhosseiny R, Kunze KP, Ismail TF, Neji R, Pushparajah K, Botnar RM, Prieto C. Simultaneous Highly Efficient Contrast-Free Lumen and Vessel Wall MR Imaging for Anatomical Assessment of Aortic Disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 58:1110-1122. [PMID: 36757267 PMCID: PMC10946808 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bright-blood lumen and black-blood vessel wall imaging are required for the comprehensive assessment of aortic disease. These images are usually acquired separately, resulting in long examinations and potential misregistration between images. PURPOSE To characterize the performance of an accelerated and respiratory motion-compensated three-dimensional (3D) cardiac MRI technique for simultaneous contrast-free aortic lumen and vessel wall imaging with an interleaved T2 and inversion recovery prepared sequence (iT2Prep-BOOST). STUDY TYPE Prospective. POPULATION A total of 30 consecutive patients with aortopathy referred for a clinically indicated cardiac MRI examination (9 females, mean age ± standard deviation: 32 ± 12 years). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 1.5-T; bright-blood MR angiography (diaphragmatic navigator-gated T2-prepared 3D balanced steady-state free precession [bSSFP], T2Prep-bSSFP), breath-held black-blood two-dimensional (2D) half acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE), and 3D bSSFP iT2Prep-BOOST. ASSESSMENT iT2Prep-BOOST bright-blood images were compared to T2prep-bSSFP images in terms of aortic vessel dimensions, lumen-to-myocardium contrast ratio (CR), and image quality (diagnostic confidence, vessel sharpness and presence of artifacts, assessed by three cardiologists on a 4-point scale, 1: nondiagnostic to 4: excellent). The iT2Prep-BOOST black-blood images were compared to 2D HASTE images for quantification of wall thickness. A visual comparison between computed tomography (CT) and iT2Prep-BOOST was performed in a patient with chronic aortic dissection. STATISTICAL TESTS Paired t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Bland-Altman analysis. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Bright-blood iT2Prep-BOOST resulted in significantly improved image quality (mean ± standard deviation 3.8 ± 0.5 vs. 3.3 ± 0.8) and CR (2.9 ± 0.8 vs. 1.8 ± 0.5) compared with T2Prep-bSSFP, with a shorter scan time (7.8 ± 1.7 minutes vs. 12.9 ± 3.4 minutes) while providing a complementary 3D black-blood image. Aortic lumen diameter and vessel wall thickness measurements in bright-blood and black-blood images were in good agreement with T2Prep-bSSFP and HASTE images (<0.02 cm and <0.005 cm bias, respectively) and good intrareader (ICC > 0.96) and interreader (ICC > 0.94) agreement was observed for all measurements. DATA CONCLUSION iT2Prep-BOOST might enable time-efficient simultaneous bright- and black-blood aortic imaging, with improved image quality compared to T2Prep-bSSFP and HASTE imaging, and comparable measurements for aortic wall and lumen dimensions. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2. TECHNICAL EFFICACY Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Munoz
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Anastasia Fotaki
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Alina Hua
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Reza Hajhosseiny
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Karl P. Kunze
- MR Research CollaborationsSiemens Healthcare LimitedFrimleyUK
| | - Tevfik F. Ismail
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Radhouene Neji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- MR Research CollaborationsSiemens Healthcare LimitedFrimleyUK
| | - Kuberan Pushparajah
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - René M. Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Instituto de Ingeniería Biológica y Médica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Millenium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering iHEALTHSantiagoChile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Instituto de Ingeniería Biológica y Médica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Millenium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering iHEALTHSantiagoChile
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2
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Matsumoto K, Yokota H, Yoda T, Ebata R, Mukai H, Masuda Y, Uno T. Reproducibility between three-dimensional turbo spin-echo and two-dimensional dual inversion recovery turbo spin-echo for coronary vessel wall imaging in Kawasaki disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6835. [PMID: 35478214 PMCID: PMC9046194 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10951-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging is desirable for evaluating Kawasaki disease (KD)-associated coronary arterial lesions. To evaluate the reproducibility of three-dimensional turbo spin-echo (3D-TSE) and two-dimensional dual inversion-recovery turbo spin-echo (2D-DIR-TSE) for coronary vessel wall imaging in KD. Ten patients were prospectively enrolled. Coronary vessel wall imaging with axial-slice orientation 3D-TSE and 2D-DIR-TSE were acquired for cross-sectional images in aneurysmal and normal regions. Lumen area (LA), wall area (WA), and normalized wall index (NWI) of cross-sectional images were measured in both regions. Reproducibility between 3D-TSE and 2D-DIR-TSE was evaluated via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Bland–Altman plots. 48 points (aneurysmal, 27; normal, 21) were evaluated. There were high ICCs between 3D-TSE and 2D-DIR-TSE in LA (0.95) and WA (0.95). In aneurysmal regions, 95% limits of agreement were LA, WA, and NWI of − 29.9 to 30.4 mm2, − 18.8 to 15.0 mm2, and − 0.22 to 0.20, respectively. In normal regions, the 95% limits of agreement were LA, WA, and NWI of − 4.44 to 4.38 mm2, − 3.51 to 4.30 mm2, and − 0.14 to 0.16, respectively. No fixed and proportional biases between 3D-TSE and 2D-DIR-TSE images in aneurysmal and normal regions were noted. 3D-TSE was reproducible with conventional 2D-DIR-TSE for coronary vessel wall assessment on KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Matsumoto
- Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Hajime Yokota
- Diagnostic Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takafumi Yoda
- Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryota Ebata
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mukai
- Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitada Masuda
- Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Uno
- Diagnostic Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Ning Z, Zhang N, Qiao H, Han H, Shen R, Yang D, Chen S, Zhao X. Free-Breathing Three-Dimensional Isotropic-Resolution MR sequence for simultaneous vessel wall imaging of bilateral renal arteries and abdominal aorta: Feasibility and reproducibility. Med Phys 2021; 49:854-864. [PMID: 34967464 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Many diseases can simultaneously involve renal arteries and the adjacent abdominal aorta. The study proposed a free-breathing three-dimensional (3D) isotropic-resolution MR sequence for simultaneous vessel wall imaging of bilateral renal arteries and adjacent abdominal aorta. METHODS A respiratory triggered isotropic-resolution sequence which combined the improved motion-sensitized driven-equilibrium (iMSDE) preparation with the spoiled gradient recalled (SPGR) readout (iMSDE-SPGR) was proposed for simultaneous vessel wall imaging of renal arteries and abdominal aorta. The proposed iMSDE-SPGR sequence was optimized by positioning spatial saturation pulses (i.e. REST slabs) elaborately to further alleviate respiratory and gastrointestinal motion artifacts and selecting appropriate first-order gradient moment (m1 ) of the iMSDE preparation. Thirteen healthy subjects and thirteen patients with renal artery stenosis (RAS) underwent simultaneous vessel wall imaging with the optimized iMSDE-SPGR sequence at 3.0T. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and morphology of renal arterial wall and aortic wall were measured. Reproducibility of intra-observer, inter-observer and scan-rescan (n = 13 healthy subjects) in measuring SNR, CNR and morphology was evaluated. For the reproducibility test, the agreement was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and the differences were compared using paired-t test or non-parametric Wilcoxon test when appropriate. Bland-Altman plots were used to calculate the bias between observers and between scans. RESULTS The proposed iMSDE-SPGR sequence was feasible for simultaneous vessel wall imaging both in the healthy subjects and the patients. The sequence showed good to excellent inter-observer (ICC:0.615-0.999), excellent intra-observer (ICC:0.801-0.998) and scan-rescan (ICC:0.768-0.998) reproducibility in measuring morphology, SNR and CNR. There were no significant differences in SNR, CNR and morphology measurements between observers and between scans (all P>0.05). Bland-Altman plots showed small bias in assessing SNR, CNR and morphology. DATA CONCLUSION The proposed free-breathing 3D isotropic-resolution iMSDE-SPGR technique is feasible and reproducible for simultaneous vessel wall imaging of bilateral renal arteries and adjacent abdominal aorta. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ning
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huiyu Qiao
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hualu Han
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rui Shen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, 100084, China.,Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xihai Zhao
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, 100084, China
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Ozaki S, Okamoto S, Shinohara N. A proposed method for outlining occluded intracranial artery using 3D T2-weighted sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution (SPACE). Acta Radiol Open 2021; 10:20584601211003233. [PMID: 33815831 PMCID: PMC7995312 DOI: 10.1177/20584601211003233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution vessel wall imaging techniques have been developed for clinical use in various types of intracranial artery disease. Numerous studies have described techniques for evaluating remodeling patterns and plaque character, but few have reported a method for outlining obstructed vessels in intracranial artery occlusion. The course of the vessel affects the success of recanalization and can cause complications in mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. We propose imaging with 3D T2-weighted sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) as a useful tool for describing the course of an occluded artery in ischemic stroke due to intracranial artery occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saya Ozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.,Department of Regeneration of Community Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
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Zhou Z, Chen S, Balu N, Chu B, Zhao X, Sun J, Mossa-Basha M, Hatsukami T, Börnert P, Yuan C. Neural network enhanced 3D turbo spin echo for MR intracranial vessel wall imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 78:7-17. [PMID: 33548457 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and image sharpness for whole brain isotropic 0.5 mm three-dimensional (3D) T1 weighted (T1w) turbo spin echo (TSE) intracranial vessel wall imaging (IVWI) at 3 T. METHODS The variable flip angle (VFA) method enables useful optimization across scan efficiency, SNR and relaxation induced point spread function (PSF) for TSE imaging. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was developed to retrospectively enhance the acquired TSE image with PSF blurring. The previously developed VFA method to increase SNR at the expense of blur can be combined with the presented PSF correction to yield long echo train length (ETL) scan while the acquired image remains high SNR and sharp. The overall approach can enable an optimized solution for accelerated whole brain high-resolution 3D T1w TSE IVWI. Its performance was evaluated on healthy volunteers and patients. RESULTS The PSF blurred image acquired by a long ETL scan can be enhanced by CNN to restore similar sharpness as a short ETL scan, which outperforms the traditional linear PSF enhancement approach. For accelerated whole brain IVWI on volunteers, the optimized isotropic 0.5 mm 3D T1w TSE sequence with CNN based PSF enhancement provides sufficient flow suppression and improved image quality. Preliminary results on patients further demonstrated its improved delineation for intracranial vessel wall and plaque morphology. CONCLUSION The CNN enhanced VFA TSE imaging enables an overall image quality improvement for high-resolution 3D T1w IVWI, and may provide a better tradeoff across scan efficiency, SNR and PSF for 3D TSE acquisitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechen Zhou
- Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA 02141, United States.
| | - Shuo Chen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Niranjan Balu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Baocheng Chu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Xihai Zhao
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Mahmud Mossa-Basha
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Thomas Hatsukami
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, United States
| | | | - Chun Yuan
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
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6
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Hu Z, Christodoulou AG, Wang N, Shaw JL, Song SS, Maya MM, Ishimori ML, Forbess LJ, Xiao J, Bi X, Han F, Li D, Fan Z. Magnetic resonance multitasking for multidimensional assessment of cardiovascular system: Development and feasibility study on the thoracic aorta. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2376-2388. [PMID: 32301164 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an MR multitasking-based multidimensional assessment of cardiovascular system (MT-MACS) with electrocardiography-free and navigator-free data acquisition for a comprehensive evaluation of thoracic aortic diseases. METHODS The MT-MACS technique adopts a low-rank tensor image model with a cardiac time dimension for phase-resolved cine imaging and a T2 -prepared inversion-recovery dimension for multicontrast assessment. Twelve healthy subjects and 2 patients with thoracic aortic diseases were recruited for the study at 3 T, and both qualitative (image quality score) and quantitative (contrast-to-noise ratio between lumen and wall, lumen and wall area, and aortic strain index) analyses were performed in all healthy subjects. The overall image quality was scored based on a 4-point scale: 3, excellent; 2, good; 1, fair; and 0, poor. Statistical analysis was used to test the measurement agreement between MT-MACS and its corresponding 2D references. RESULTS The MT-MACS images reconstructed from acquisitions as short as 6 minutes demonstrated good or excellent image quality for bright-blood (2.58 ± 0.46), dark-blood (2.58 ± 0.50), and gray-blood (2.17 ± 0.53) contrast weightings, respectively. The contrast-to-noise ratios for the three weightings were 49.2 ± 12.8, 20.0 ± 5.8 and 2.8 ± 1.8, respectively. There were good agreements in the lumen and wall area (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.993, P < .001 for lumen; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.969, P < .001 for wall area) and strain (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.947, P < .001) between MT-MACS and conventional 2D sequences. CONCLUSION The MT-MACS technique provides high-quality, multidimensional images for a comprehensive assessment of the thoracic aorta. Technical feasibility was demonstrated in healthy subjects and patients with thoracic aortic diseases. Further clinical validation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Hu
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anthony G Christodoulou
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nan Wang
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jaime L Shaw
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shlee S Song
- Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marcel M Maya
- Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mariko L Ishimori
- Department of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lindsy J Forbess
- Department of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jiayu Xiao
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Fei Han
- Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, California
| | - Debiao Li
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
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7
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Matsumoto K, Yokota H, Mukai H, Ebata R, Saito N, Shimokawa K, Yoda T, Masuda Y, Uno T, Miyati T. Coronary vessel wall visualization via three-dimensional turbo spin-echo black blood imaging in Kawasaki disease. Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 62:159-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Yadav MK, Mohammed AKM, Puramadathil V, Geetha D, Unni M. Lower extremity arteries. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2019; 9:S174-S182. [PMID: 31559162 DOI: 10.21037/cdt.2019.07.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Lower extremity arteries play vital role of supplying blood to the extremity bone, muscles, tendons and nerves to maintain the mobility of the body. These arteries may get involved with a number of disease processes which restrict the optimal functioning of the limb. The knowledge of various diseases, clinical presentation, appearance on various imaging modalities and segments of involvement helps one to clinch the diagnosis. It is of paramount importance for imaging clinician to apply the correct imaging tool based on the clinical question which is facilitated by know how of the advantages and limitation of each of these imaging modalities. This article focuses on lower extremity arteries, its anatomy, various imaging modalities and common disease conditions affecting the lower limb arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Deepa Geetha
- Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Madhavan Unni
- Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
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9
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Al-Khazraji BK, Shoemaker LN, Gati JS, Szekeres T, Shoemaker JK. Reactivity of larger intracranial arteries using 7 T MRI in young adults. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019. [PMID: 29513623 PMCID: PMC6668520 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18762880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The larger intracranial conduit vessels contribute to the total cerebral vascular resistance, and understanding their vasoreactivity to physiological stimuli is required when attempting to understand regional brain perfusion. Reactivity of the larger cerebral conduit arteries remains understudied due to a need for improved imaging methods to simultaneously assess these vessels in a single stimulus. We characterized reactivity of basal intracranial conduit arteries (basilar, right and left posterior, middle and anterior cerebral arteries) and the right and left internal carotid arteries, to manipulations in end-tidal CO2 (PetCO2). Cross-sectional area changes (%CSA) were evaluated from high-resolution (0.5 mm isotropic) images collected at 7 T using a T1-weighted 3D SPACE pulse sequence, providing high contrast between vessel lumen and surrounding tissue. Cerebrovascular reactivity was calculated as %CSA/ΔPetCO2 in eight healthy individuals (18-23 years) during normocapnia (41 ± 4 mmHg), hypercapnia (48 ± 4 mmHg; breathing 5% CO2, balance oxygen), and hypocapnia (31 ± 8 mmHg; via hyperventilation). Reactivity to hypercapnia ranged from 0.8%/mmHg in the right internal carotid artery to 2.7%/mmHg in the left anterior cerebral artery. During hypocapnia, vasoconstriction ranged from 0.9%/mmHg in the basilar artery to 2.6%/mmHg in the right posterior cerebral artery. Heterogeneous cerebrovascular reactivity to hypercapnia and hypocapnia was characterized across basal intracranial conduit and internal carotid arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baraa K Al-Khazraji
- 1 School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Leena N Shoemaker
- 1 School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph S Gati
- 2 Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Trevor Szekeres
- 2 Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - J Kevin Shoemaker
- 1 School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,3 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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Cavallo AU, Koktzoglou I, Edelman RR, Gilkeson R, Mihai G, Shin T, Rajagopalan S. Noncontrast Magnetic Resonance Angiography for the Diagnosis of Peripheral Vascular Disease. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 12:e008844. [DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.118.008844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Armando Ugo Cavallo
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University Hospitals, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH (A.U.C., R.G., T.S., S.R.)
- Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Policlinico “Tor Vergata”, Roma, Italy (A.U.C.)
| | - Ioannis Koktzoglou
- Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL (I.K., R.R.E.)
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, IL (I.K.)
| | - Robert R. Edelman
- Department of Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL (I.K., R.R.E.)
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (R.R.E.)
| | - Robert Gilkeson
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University Hospitals, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH (A.U.C., R.G., T.S., S.R.)
| | - Georgeta Mihai
- Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (G.M.)
| | - Taehoon Shin
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University Hospitals, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH (A.U.C., R.G., T.S., S.R.)
- Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea (T.S.)
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University Hospitals, Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH (A.U.C., R.G., T.S., S.R.)
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Nakamura Y, Yamaguchi Y, Makita N, Morita Y, Ide T, Wada S, Mizoguchi T, Ikenouchi H, Miwa K, Yi K, Irie K, Shimohama S, Ihara M, Toyoda K, Koga M. Clinical and Radiological Characteristics of Intracranial Artery Dissection Using Recently Proposed Diagnostic Criteria. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019; 28:1691-1702. [PMID: 30898444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the clinical and radiological characteristics of intracranial artery dissection (IAD) have remained limited. Our purpose was to reveal the clinical and radiological characteristics of IAD according to diagnostic criteria for IAD as recently reported by a group of international experts. METHODS Patients were retrospectively enrolled using a prospective single-center stroke registry between 2011 and 2016. Baseline characteristics and radiological findings including conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), high-resolution 3-dimensional T1-weighted imaging (HR-3D-T1WI), and digital subtraction angiography were reviewed. We performed statistical comparisons to determine which findings from which modalities are useful. RESULTS We identified 118 patients with suspected artery dissection, with 64 patients (median age, 51 [interquartile range, 45-56) years; 16 women) finally meeting the criteria for definite (n = 47), probable (n = 15), or possible (n = 2) idiopathic IAD. Ischemic stroke alone was found in 31 patients (48%) on admission. There were 36 patients (56%) suffering from hypertension and 39 (61%) with smoking history. The vertebral artery alone was the most affected in 42 patients (66%). Intramural hematoma (IMH) was more frequently detected on HR-3D-T1WI than on conventional MRI/MRA (odds ratio, 4.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.71-13.00). In 54 patients (84%), the modified Rankin Scale score after 3 months was 0-1. CONCLUSIONS Male dominance and age at IAD onset were similar to previous studies, and more than half had hypertension and smoking history. We confirmed that HR-3D-T1WI is useful for detecting IMH in the diagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakamura
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Department of Neurology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan.
| | - Naoki Makita
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Morita
- Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ide
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Shinichi Wada
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Tadataka Mizoguchi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Hajime Ikenouchi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kaori Miwa
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Yi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Irie
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Shun Shimohama
- Department of Neurology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Kazunori Toyoda
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Koga
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
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12
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The role of magnetic resonance angiography in peripheral artery disease. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018; 39:129-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Incremental Value of Plaque Enhancement in Patients with Moderate or Severe Basilar Artery Stenosis: 3.0 T High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4281629. [PMID: 29075645 PMCID: PMC5623789 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4281629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim To investigate the clinical relevance of plaque's morphological characteristics and distribution pattern using 3.0 T high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) in patients with moderate or severe basilar artery (BA) atherosclerosis stenosis. Materials and Methods Fifty-seven patients (33 symptomatic patients and 24 asymptomatic patients) were recruited for 3.0 T HRMRI scan; all of them had >50% stenosis on the BA. The intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), contrast-enhancement pattern, and distribution of BA plaques were compared between the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. Factors potentially associated with posterior ischemic stroke were calculated by multivariate analyses. Results Enhancement of BA plaque was more frequently observed in symptomatic than in asymptomatic patients (27/33, 81.8% versus 11/24, 45.8%; p < 0.01). In multivariate regression analysis, plaque enhancement (OR = 7.193; 95% CI: 1.880–27.517; p = 0.004) and smoking (OR = 4.402; 95% CI: 2.218–15.909; p = 0.024) were found to be independent risk factors of posterior ischemic events in patients with BA stenosis >50%. Plaques were mainly distributed at the ventral site (39.3%) or involved more than two arcs (21.2%) in the symptomatic group but were mainly distributed at left (33.3%) and right (25.0%) sites in the asymptomatic group.
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14
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Rajagopalan S, Alaiti MA, Broadwater K, Goud A, Gaztanaga J, Connelly K, Fares A, Shirazian S, Kreatsoulas C, Farkouh M, Dobre M, Fink JC, Weir MR. Design of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism in Diabetic Atherosclerosis (MAGMA) Trial. Clin Cardiol 2017; 40:633-640. [PMID: 28555959 DOI: 10.1002/clc.22718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation plays an essential role in promoting inflammation, fibrosis, and target organ damage. Currently, no studies are investigating MR antagonism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with chronic kidney disease, at high risk for cardiovascular complications, who are otherwise not candidates for MR antagonism by virtue of heart failure. Further, there is limited information on candidate therapies that may demonstrate differential benefit from this therapy. We hypothesized that MR antagonism may provide additional protection from atherosclerosis progression in higher-risk patients who otherwise may not be candidates for such a therapeutic approach. In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, subjects with T2DM with chronic kidney disease (≥ stage 3) will be randomized in a 1:1 manner to placebo or spironolactone (12.5 mg with eventual escalation to 25 mg daily over a 4-week period). The co-primary efficacy endpoint will be percentage change in total atheroma volume in thoracic aorta and left ventricular mass at 52 weeks in patients treated with spironolactone vs placebo. Secondary outcomes include 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure, central aortic blood pressure, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at 6 weeks. A novel measure in the study will be changes in candidate miRNAs that regulate expression of NR3C2 (MR gene) as well as measuring monocyte/macrophage polarization in response to therapy with spironolactone. We envision that our strategy of simultaneously probing the effects of a drug combined with analysis of mechanisms of action and predictive response will likely provide key information with which to design event-based trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland Medical Center, Ohio.,University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore
| | - M Amer Alaiti
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland Medical Center, Ohio
| | | | - Aditya Goud
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland Medical Center, Ohio
| | - Juan Gaztanaga
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Cardiology, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York
| | - Kim Connelly
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anas Fares
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland Medical Center, Ohio
| | - Shayan Shirazian
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, NYU Winthrop Hospital, Mineola, New York
| | | | - Michael Farkouh
- Department of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mirela Dobre
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospitals, Cleveland Medical Center, Ohio
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15
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Wang Y, Seguro F, Kao E, Zhang Y, Faraji F, Zhu C, Haraldsson H, Hope M, Saloner D, Liu J. Segmentation of lumen and outer wall of abdominal aortic aneurysms from 3D black-blood MRI with a registration based geodesic active contour model. Med Image Anal 2017; 40:1-10. [PMID: 28549310 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Segmentation of the geometric morphology of abdominal aortic aneurysm is important for interventional planning. However, the segmentation of both the lumen and the outer wall of aneurysm in magnetic resonance (MR) image remains challenging. This study proposes a registration based segmentation methodology for efficiently segmenting MR images of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The proposed methodology first registers the contrast enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) and black-blood MR images, and then uses the Hough transform and geometric active contours to extract the vessel lumen by delineating the inner vessel wall directly from the CE-MRA. The proposed registration based geometric active contour is applied to black-blood MR images to generate the outer wall contour. The inner and outer vessel wall are then fused presenting the complete vessel lumen and wall segmentation. The results obtained from 19 cases showed that the proposed registration based geometric active contour model was efficient and comparable to manual segmentation and provided a high segmentation accuracy with an average Dice value reaching 89.79%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.
| | - Florent Seguro
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Evan Kao
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, United States; University of California, Berkeley; San Francisco, United States
| | - Yue Zhang
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, United States
| | - Farshid Faraji
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Henrik Haraldsson
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Michael Hope
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - David Saloner
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, United States; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, United States
| | - Jing Liu
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California,San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
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16
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Pruzan AN, Kaufman AE, Calcagno C, Zhou Y, Fayad ZA, Mani V. Feasibility of imaging superficial palmar arch using micro-ultrasound, 7T and 3T magnetic resonance imaging. World J Radiol 2017; 9:79-84. [PMID: 28298968 PMCID: PMC5334505 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v9.i2.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To demonstrate feasibility of vessel wall imaging of the superficial palmar arch using high frequency micro-ultrasound, 7T and 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
METHODS Four subjects (ages 22-50 years) were scanned on a micro-ultrasound system with a 45-MHz transducer (Vevo 2100, VisualSonics). Subjects’ hands were then imaged on a 3T clinical MR scanner (Siemens Biograph MMR) using an 8-channel special purpose phased array carotid coil. Lastly, subjects’ hands were imaged on a 7T clinical MR scanner (Siemens Magnetom 7T Whole Body Scanner) using a custom built 8-channel transmit receive carotid coil. All three imaging modalities were subjectively analyzed for image quality and visualization of the vessel wall.
RESULTS Results of this very preliminary study indicated that vessel wall imaging of the superficial palmar arch was feasible with a whole body 7T and 3T MRI in comparison with micro-ultrasound. Subjective analysis of image quality (1-5 scale, 1: poorest, 5: best) from B mode, ultrasound, 3T SPACE MRI and 7T SPACE MRI indicated that the image quality obtained at 7T was superior to both 3T MRI and micro-ultrasound. The 3D SPACE sequence at both 7T and 3T MRI with isotropic voxels allowed for multi-planar reformatting of images and allowed for less operator dependent results as compared to high frequency micro-ultrasound imaging. Although quantitative analysis revealed that there was no significant difference between the three methods, the 7T Tesla trended to have better visibility of the vessel and its wall.
CONCLUSION Imaging of smaller arteries at the 7T is feasible for evaluating atherosclerosis burden and may be of clinical relevance in multiple diseases.
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Zhang L, Zhang N, Wu J, Zhang L, Huang Y, Liu X, Chung YC. High resolution three dimensional intracranial arterial wall imaging at 3 T using T1 weighted SPACE. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 33:1026-1034. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Isotropic 3D black blood MRI of abdominal aortic aneurysm wall and intraluminal thrombus. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 34:18-25. [PMID: 26471514 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aortic wall and intraluminal thrombus (ILT) have been increasingly studied as potential markers of progressive disease with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Our goal was to develop a high resolution, 3D black blood MR technique for AAA wall and ILT imaging within a clinically acceptable scan time. METHODS Twenty two patients with AAAs (maximal diameter 4.3±1.0cm), along with five healthy volunteers, were imaged at 3T with a 3D T1-weighted fast-spin-echo sequence using variable flip angle trains (SPACE) with a preparation pulse (DANTE) for suppressing blood signal. Volunteers and ten patients were also scanned with SPACE alone for comparison purposes. The signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the aortic wall/ILT to lumen contrast to noise ratio (CNR) were measured. Qualitative image scores (1-4 scale) assessing the inner lumen and outer wall boundaries of AAA were performed by two blinded reviewers. In patients with ILT, the ratio of ILT signal intensity (ILTSI) over psoas muscle SI (MuscleSI) was calculated, and the signal heterogeneity of ILT was quantified as standard deviation (SD) over the mean. RESULTS All subjects were imaged successfully with an average scan time of 7.8±0.7minutes. The DANTE preparation pulse for blood suppression substantially reduced flow artifacts in SPACE with lower lumen SNR (8.8 vs. 21.4, p<0.001) and improved the wall/ILT to lumen CNR (9.9 vs. 6.3, p<0.001) in patients. Qualitative assessment showed improved visualization of lumen boundaries (73% higher scores on average, p=0.01) and comparable visualization of outer wall boundary (p>0.05). ILT was present in ten patients, with relatively high signal and a wide SD (average ILTSI/MuscleSI 1.42±0.48 (range 0.75-2.11)) and with SD/mean of 27.7%±6.6% (range 19.6%-39.4%). CONCLUSION High resolution, 3D black blood MRI of AAAs can be achieved in a clinical accepted scan time with reduction of flow artifacts using the DANTE preparation pulse. Signal characteristics of ILT can be quantified and may be used for improved patient-specific risk stratification.
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Middle Cerebral Artery Atherosclerotic Plaques in Recent Small Subcortical Infarction: A Three-Dimensional High-resolution MR Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:540217. [PMID: 26539508 PMCID: PMC4619811 DOI: 10.1155/2015/540217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. Conventional two-dimensional vessel wall imaging has been used to depict the middle cerebral artery (MCA) wall in patients with recent small subcortical infarctions (RSSIs). However, its clinical use has been limited by restricted spatial coverage, low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and long scan time. We used a novel three-dimensional high-resolution MR imaging (3D HR-MRI) technique to investigate the presence, locations, and contrast-enhanced patterns of MCA plaques and their relationship with RSSI. Methods. Nineteen consecutive patients with RSSI but no luminal stenosis on MR angiography were prospectively enrolled. 3D HR-MRI was performed using a T1w-SPACE sequence at 3.0 T. The presence, locations, and contrast-enhanced patterns of the MCA plaques on the ipsilateral and contralateral sides to the RSSI were analyzed. Results. Eighteen patients successfully completed the study. MCA atherosclerotic plaques occurred more frequently on the ipsilateral than the contralateral side to the RSSI (72.2% versus 33.3%, P = 0.044). The occurrence of superiorly located plaques was significantly higher on the ipsilateral than the contralateral side of the MCA (66.7% versus 27.8%; P = 0.044). Conclusions. Superiorly located plaques are closely associated with RSSI. 3D high-resolution vessel wall imaging may be a potential tool for etiologic assessment of ischemic stroke.
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20
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Zhou Z, Li R, Zhao X, He L, Wang X, Wang J, Balu N, Yuan C. Evaluation of 3D multi-contrast joint intra- and extracranial vessel wall cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2015; 17:41. [PMID: 26013973 PMCID: PMC4446075 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-015-0143-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-contrast vessel wall cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has demonstrated its capability for atherosclerotic plaque morphology measurement and component characterization in different vasculatures. However, limited coverage and partial volume effect with conventional two-dimensional (2D) techniques might cause lesion underestimation. The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance in a) blood suppression and b) vessel wall delineation of three-dimensional (3D) multi-contrast joint intra- and extracranial vessel wall imaging at 3T. METHODS Three multi-contrast 3D black blood (BB) sequences with T1, T2 and heavy T1 weighting and a custom designed 36-channel neurovascular coil covering the entire intra- and extracranial vasculature have been used and investigated in this study. Two healthy subjects were recruited for sequence parameter optimization and twenty-five patients were consecutively scanned for image quality and blood suppression assessment. Qualitative image scores of vessel wall delineation as well as quantitative Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) were evaluated at five typical locations ranging from common carotid arteries to middle cerebral arteries. RESULTS The 3D multi-contrast images acquired within 15mins allowed the vessel wall visualization with 0.8 mm isotropic spatial resolution covering intra- and extracranial segments. Quantitative wall and lumen SNR measurements for each sequence showed effective blood suppression at all selected locations (P < 0.0001). Although the wall-lumen CNR varied across measured locations, each sequence provided good or adequate image quality in both intra- and extracranial segments. CONCLUSIONS The proposed 3D multi-contrast vessel wall technique provides isotropic resolution and time efficient solution for joint intra- and extracranial vessel wall CMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechen Zhou
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Rui Li
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xihai Zhao
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Le He
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaole Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinnan Wang
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Philips Research North America, Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA.
| | - Niranjan Balu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Chun Yuan
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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21
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Mooiweer R, Sbrizzi A, El Aidi H, Eikendal ALM, Raaijmakers A, Visser F, van den Berg CAT, Leiner T, Luijten PR, Hoogduin H. Fast 3D isotropic imaging of the aortic vessel wall by application of 2D spatially selective excitation and a new way of inversion recovery for black blood imaging. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:547-55. [PMID: 25761646 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aortic vessel wall imaging requires large coverage and a high spatial resolution, which makes it prohibitively time-consuming for clinical use. This work explores the feasibility of imaging the descending aorta in acceptable scan time, using two-dimensional (2D) spatially selective excitation and a new way of inversion recovery for black blood imaging. METHODS The excitation pattern and field of view in a 3D gradient echo sequence are reduced in two dimensions, following the aorta's anisotropic geometry. Black blood contrast is obtained by partially inverting the blood's magnetization in the heart at the start of the cardiac cycle. Imaging is delayed until the inverted blood has filled the desired part of the aorta. The flip angle and delay are determined such that the blood signal is nulled upon arrival in the aorta. RESULTS Experiments on eight volunteers showed that the descending aortic vessel wall could be imaged over more than 15 cm at a maximal resolution of 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 mm(3) in less than 5 min minimal scan time. CONCLUSION This feasibility study demonstrates that time-efficient isotropic imaging of the descending aorta is possible by using 2D spatially selective excitation for motion artifact reduction and a new way of inversion recovery for black blood imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Mooiweer
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Sbrizzi
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hamza El Aidi
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk L M Eikendal
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Raaijmakers
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Fredy Visser
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tim Leiner
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter R Luijten
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Hoogduin
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
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22
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Mugler JP. Optimized three‐dimensional fast‐spin‐echo MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 39:745-67. [PMID: 24399498 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John P. Mugler
- Department of Radiology and Medical ImagingUniversity of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesville Virginia USA
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23
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Mihai G, Varghese J, Lu B, Zhu H, Simonetti OP, Rajagopalan S. Reproducibility of thoracic and abdominal aortic wall measurements with three-dimensional, variable flip angle (SPACE) MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 41:202-12. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Georgeta Mihai
- Department of Radiology; The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Juliet Varghese
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Bo Lu
- College of Public Health; The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Clinical Sciences Division of Biostatistics; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas Texas USA
| | - Orlando P. Simonetti
- Department of Radiology; The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute and the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University; Columbus Ohio USA
- Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology; The University of Maryland; Baltimore Maryland USA
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Damughatla AR, Raterman B, Sharkey-Toppen T, Jin N, Simonetti OP, White RD, Kolipaka A. Quantification of aortic stiffness using MR elastography and its comparison to MRI-based pulse wave velocity. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 41:44-51. [PMID: 24243654 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the correlation in abdominal aortic stiffness obtained using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) (μ(MRE)) and MRI-based pulse wave velocity (PWV) shear stiffness (μ(PWV)) estimates in normal volunteers of varying age, and also to determine the correlation between μ(MRE) and μ(PWV). MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo aortic MRE and MRI were performed on 21 healthy volunteers with ages ranging from 18 to 65 years to obtain wave and velocity data along the long axis of the abdominal aorta. The MRE wave images were analyzed to obtain mean stiffness and the phase contrast images were analyzed to obtain PWV measurements and indirectly estimate stiffness values from the Moens-Korteweg equation. RESULTS Both μ(MRE) and μ(PWV) measurements increased with age, demonstrating linear correlations with R(2) values of 0.81 and 0.67, respectively. Significant difference (P ≤ 0.001) in mean μ(MRE) and μ(PWV) between young and old healthy volunteers was also observed. Furthermore, a poor linear correlation of R(2) value of 0.43 was determined between μ(MRE) and μ(PWV) in the initial pool of volunteers. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate linear correlations between μ(MRE) and μ(PWV) with normal aging of the abdominal aorta. Significant differences in mean μ(MRE) and μ(PWV) between young and old healthy volunteers were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh R Damughatla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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25
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Renin-sensitive microRNAs correlate with atherosclerosis plaque progression. J Hum Hypertens 2013; 28:251-8. [PMID: 24152824 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2013.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent trials with inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in patients with established atherosclerosis have been equivocal. MicroRNAs (miRs) are known to affect multiple pathways relevant to atherosclerosis, including RAAS. We postulated that the use of a direct renin antagonist would result in differential regulation of miRs. We examined monocyte miR expression before and after treatment with renin antagonist, Aliskiren, in patients with established cardiovascular disease as part of a prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial (NCT01417104). After screening, patients (mean age 62±3 years) were randomized to placebo or Aliskiren. Three-dimensional dark-blood magnetic resonance imaging assessment of atherosclerosis in the thoracic and abdominal aorta was conducted at baseline and at study completion (19-36 weeks). MiR expression arrays were performed on RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected at baseline and 12 weeks following randomization to placebo or Aliskiren and showed that hsa-miR-106b-5p, 27a-3p and 18b-5p were significantly downregulated with Aliskiren. Baseline expression of these miRs positively correlated with normalized total wall volume in subjects taking Aliskiren (miR-106b, R=0.62; miR-27a, R=0.63; miR-18b, R=0.77; P<0.05). Hsa-miR-106b-5p, 27a-3p and 18b-5p may represent pathway-specific adaptations to renin inhibition relevant to atherosclerosis.
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Mihai G, Varghese J, Kampfrath T, Gushchina L, Hafer L, Deiuliis J, Maiseyeu A, Simonetti OP, Lu B, Rajagopalan S. Aliskiren effect on plaque progression in established atherosclerosis using high resolution 3D MRI (ALPINE): a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2:e004879. [PMID: 23686372 PMCID: PMC3698800 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.112.004879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background The renin–angiotensin system is well recognized as a mediator of pathophysiological events in atherosclerosis. The benefits of renin inhibition in atherosclerosis, especially when used in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEIs/ARBs) are currently not known. We hypothesized that treatment with the renin inhibitor aliskiren in patients with established cardiovascular disease will prevent the progression of atherosclerosis as determined by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of arterial wall volume in the thoracic and abdominal aortas of high-risk patients with preexisting cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results This was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with established cardiovascular disease. After a 2-week single-blind placebo phase, patients were randomized to receive either placebo (n=37, mean±SD age 64.5±8.9 years, 3 women) or 150 mg of aliskiren (n=34, mean±SD age 63.9±11.5 years, 9 women). Treatment dose was escalated to 300 mg at 2 weeks and maintained during the remainder of the study. Patients underwent dark-blood, 3-dimensional MRI assessment of atherosclerotic plaque in the thoracic and abdominal segments at baseline and on study completion or termination (up to 36 weeks of drug or matching placebo). Aliskiren use resulted in significant progression of aortic wall volume (normalized total wall volume 5.31±6.57 vs 0.15±4.39 mm3, P=0.03, and percentage wall volume 3.37±2.96% vs 0.97±2.02%, P=0.04) compared with placebo. In a subgroup analysis of subjects receiving ACEI/ARB therapy, atherosclerosis progression was observed only in the aliskiren group, not in the placebo group. Conclusions MRI quantification of atheroma plaque burden demonstrated that aliskiren use in patients with preexisting cardiovascular disease resulted in an unexpected increase in aortic atherosclerosis compared with placebo. Although preliminary, these results may have implications for the use of renin inhibition as a therapeutic strategy in patients with cardiovascular disease, especially in those receiving ACEI/ARB therapy. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://ClinicalTrials.gov Unique identifier: NCT01417104.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgeta Mihai
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute and the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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A historical overview of magnetic resonance imaging, focusing on technological innovations. Invest Radiol 2013; 47:725-41. [PMID: 23070095 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0b013e318272d29f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has now been used clinically for more than 30 years. Today, MRI serves as the primary diagnostic modality for many clinical problems. In this article, historical developments in the field of MRI will be discussed with a focus on technological innovations. Topics include the initial discoveries in nuclear magnetic resonance that allowed for the advent of MRI as well as the development of whole-body, high field strength, and open MRI systems. Dedicated imaging coils, basic pulse sequences, contrast-enhanced, and functional imaging techniques will also be discussed in a historical context. This article describes important technological innovations in the field of MRI, together with their clinical applicability today, providing critical insights into future developments.
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Lundberg C, Johansson L, Barbier CE, Lind L, Ahlström H, Hansen T. Total atherosclerotic burden by whole body magnetic resonance angiography predicts major adverse cardiovascular events. Atherosclerosis 2013; 228:148-52. [PMID: 23474127 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the Total Atherosclerotic Score (TAS), a measurement of the overall atherosclerotic burden of the arterial tree by whole body magnetic resonance angiography (WBMRA), and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction, stroke and/or coronary revascularization, assuming that TAS predicts MACE. METHODS AND RESULTS 305 randomly selected 70 year-old subjects (47% women) underwent WBMRA. Their atherosclerotic burden was evaluated and TAS > 0, that is atherosclerotic changes, were found in 68% of subjects. During follow-up (mean 4.8 years), MACE occurred in 25 subjects (8.2%). Adjusting for multiple risk factors, TAS was associated with MACE (OR 8.86 for any degree of vessel lumen abnormality, 95%CI 1.14-69.11, p = 0.037). In addition, TAS improved discrimination and reclassification when added to the Framingham risk score (FRS), and ROC (Receiver Operator Curve) increased from 0.681 to 0.750 (p = 0.0421). CONCLUSION In a population-based sample of 70 year old men and women WBMRA, with TAS, predicted MACE independently of major cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lundberg
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University hospital, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Pollak AW, Kramer CM. MRI in Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease: Recent Advancements. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2013; 6:55-60. [PMID: 23336015 PMCID: PMC3547388 DOI: 10.1007/s12410-012-9175-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of peripheral arterial disease by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging continues to develop. Of the clinical diagnostics tests currently available, magnetic resonance angiography is well established as one of the preferred techniques for determining areas of arterial occlusive disease affecting the lower extremities. Despite this, there have been new developments in non-gadolinium based contrast-enhanced studies as well as testing done at higher field strength scanners. In the research arena, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, calf muscle perfusion imaging and atherosclerotic plaque evaluation all have made significant advancements over the last year. These techniques are gaining traction as surrogate endpoints in clinical trials of novel therapeutics aimed at alleviating symptoms in patients with peripheral arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy W. Pollak
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Imaging Center, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Christopher M. Kramer
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Imaging Center, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Radiology, Cardiovascular Imaging Center, University of Virginia Health System, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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Pollak AW, Norton PT, Kramer CM. Multimodality imaging of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease: current role and future directions. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2013; 5:797-807. [PMID: 23169982 DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.111.970814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy W Pollak
- Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Urata T, Yamamoto H, Ikuta N, Uchikoshi M. [Utility of sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolutions method in magnetic resonance imaging of carotid artery plaque]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2012; 68:871-9. [PMID: 22821161 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2012_jsrt_68.7.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the carotid artery plaque diagnosis, it is said that properties evaluation is important. For this inspection, it is general to use electrocardiogram (ECG)-trigger-dark blood (DB)-fat suppression (fs)-turbo spin echo (TSE)-T1 weighted image (T1WI), T2WI, and magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) methods though many problems still remain. This time, a comparative study of the carotid artery plaque diagnosis that used the sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts was made. This used different flip angle evolutions method sampling perfection with application optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolutions (SPACE) method that was 3 dimension (3D) imaging procedure that used variable flip angle with the law so far. The subjects were normal volunteers, handmade phantoms changed by T1 and T2 value, and the five patients on five cases who had taken carotid endoarterectomy (CEA) (male, mean 70.6 yr). Findings by the pathologist were obtained for the CEA enforcement patient. There is an excellent result in the contrast ratio by phantom, the signal intensity ratio of a clinical patient, and the comparison with pathological findings. The SPACE method can solve various problems, be evaluated by a properties evaluation of the plaque, a grasp of the range, and an arbitrary section, and be devised as a useful imaging procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Urata
- Department of Radiology, Steel Memorial Hirohata Hospital
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Yoneyama M, Nakamura M, Tabuchi T, Takemura A, Obara M. Optimization of 3D-variable refocusing flip angle RARE imaging for high-resolution volumetric black-blood angiography. Radiol Phys Technol 2012; 5:270-6. [PMID: 22714282 DOI: 10.1007/s12194-012-0161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
3D rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement or turbo spin-echo sequence is promising for black-blood angiography. In this paper, we propose a new scheme of sequence parameter optimization for "flow-void enhanced" volumetric black-blood angiography. Although black-blood imaging has numerous applications, we focused on the carotid artery in this study. All experiments were performed on a 3.0-T imager. The methods used were a flow phantom study and a volunteer study. From the results, the optimal parameters for black-blood angiography were the use of very-low refocusing flip angles, use of a "90° + α/2" refocusing flip angle sweep, and "flow sensitization" at the "in-plane flow" situational imaging plane. This sequence can be used for 3D volumetric black-blood angiography and vessel wall imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Yoneyama
- Yaesu Clinic, C-road Bldg 4F, 2-1-18 Nihonbashi, Tokyo, Japan.
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Abstract
The association between gadolinium-based contrast agents and neprogenic systemic fibrosis has helped propel noncontrast angiography techniques to center stage in the MR evaluation of vascular disease, especially in individuals with intrinsic renal diseases. Although balanced steady-state free precession, phase contrast, and time-of-flight sequences are currently being revisited and improved, new noncontrast angiographic methods have been created and are under development: ECG-gated 3D partial-Fourier fast spin echo (FSE) and 3D variable flip angle FSE (SPACE). All of these are attempts to develop noncontrast methods that offer equal or superior vascular diagnosis as compared with contrast-enhanced MR angiography.
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Fan Z, Zuehlsdorff S, Liu X, Li D. Prospective self-gating for swallowing motion: a feasibility study in carotid artery wall MRI using three-dimensional variable-flip-angle turbo spin-echo. Magn Reson Med 2011; 67:490-8. [PMID: 22161627 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.23295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional black-blood MRI is a promising noninvasive imaging technique for the assessment of atherosclerotic carotid artery disease. However, this technique is inherently susceptible to motion. In particular, swallowing can result in considerable wall motion at the carotid bifurcations, which may induce drastic image degradation or substantial overestimation of wall thickness. Self-gating techniques have previously been shown to be capable of resolving and compensating for cardiac or respiratory motion during MRI. This work presents a self-gating-based prospective motion gating scheme that is combined with a three-dimensional variable-flip-angle turbo spin-echo sequence (SPACE) for detecting swallowing motion. Self-gating signal readouts along the superior-inferior direction during each repetition time period are used to derive the projection profiles of the imaging volume. Based on cross-correlation analysis between the projection profiles and the corresponding reference profiles, swallowing motion can be detected and the motion-contaminated data will subsequently be discarded and reacquired in the next repetition time. The self-gated SPACE sequence was validated on eight healthy volunteers and two patients and, when compared with the conventional SPACE sequence, proved to be more resistant to swallowing motion and significantly improved image quality as well as the sharpness of carotid artery wall boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang Fan
- Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
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Winner MW, Raman SV, Chung YC, Simonetti OP, Mihai G, Cook SC. Post-interventional three-dimensional dark blood MRI in the adult with congenital heart disease. Int J Cardiol 2011; 158:267-71. [PMID: 21315462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigate a novel three-dimensional (3D) turbo spin echo (TSE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence to assess stented segments in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) after transcatheter intervention. METHODS Adults with CHD referred for computed tomography (CT) after transcatheter intervention underwent MR exam with a 3D respiratory gated TSE sequence. Data obtained at the time of the study included type of CHD, radiation dose, length of time between exams, and luminal diameters of stented segments from each exam. Continuous variables were analyzed using Student'st and Bland-Altman plots performed to analyze measurements obtained from both examinations. RESULTS Eleven patients underwent both examinations. Type of defects included coarctation of the aorta (n=6) and tetralogy of Fallot. Average radiation dose was 19.6 mSv and average time between CT and MRI was 99 ± 160 days. Luminal diameters of stented vessels correlated closely between TSE MRI and CT (r(2)=.85) with a bias toward overestimation with MRI (mean 22.4 ± 4.3mm and 20.9 ± 3.7 mm, p<.01). CONCLUSION This novel 3D respiratory gated TSE MR technique provides a feasible method to reduce metallic artifact and improve visualization of stented segments and surrounding anatomic structures without exposure to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall W Winner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Adolescent/Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program, The Ross Heart Hospital, The Ohio State University, United States
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Abstract
This review examines the state of the art in vessel wall imaging by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with an emphasis on the biomechanical assessment of atherosclerotic plaque. Three areas of advanced techniques are discussed. First, alternative contrast mechanisms, including susceptibility, magnetization transfer, diffusion, and perfusion, are presented as to how they facilitate accurate determination of plaque constituents underlying biomechanics. Second, imaging technologies including hardware and sequences, are reviewed as to how they provide the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio necessary for determining plaque structure. Finally, techniques for combining MRI data into an overall assessment of plaque biomechanical properties, including wall shear stress and internal plaque strain, are presented. The paper closes with a discussion of the extent to which these techniques have been applied to different arteries commonly targeted by vessel wall MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Kerwin
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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