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Iannotti GR, Nadin I, Ivanova V, Tourdot Q, Lascano AM, Momjian S, Schaller KL, Lovblad KO, Grouiller F. Specificity of Quantitative Functional Brain Mapping with Arterial Spin-Labeling for Preoperative Assessment. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:1302-1308. [PMID: 37857448 PMCID: PMC10631521 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Arterial spin-labeling is a noninvasive MR imaging technique allowing direct and quantitative measurement of brain perfusion. Arterial spin-labeling is well-established in clinics for investigating the overall cerebral perfusion, but it is still occasionally employed during tasks. The typical contrast for functional MR imaging is blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging, whose specificity could be biased in neurologic patients due to altered neurovascular coupling. This work aimed to validate the use of functional ASL as a noninvasive tool for presurgical functional brain mapping. This is achieved by comparing the spatial accuracy of functional ASL with transcranial magnetic stimulation as the criterion standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight healthy participants executed a motor task and received a somatosensory stimulation, while BOLD imaging and arterial spin-labeling were acquired simultaneously. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was subsequently used to define hand somatotopy. RESULTS Functional ASL was found more adjacent to transcranial magnetic stimulation than BOLD imaging, with a significant shift along the inferior-to-superior direction. With respect to BOLD imaging, functional ASL was localized significantly more laterally, anteriorly, and inferiorly during motor tasks and pneumatic stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the specificity of functional ASL in targeting the regional neuronal excitability. Functional ASL could be considered as a valid supplementary technique to BOLD imaging for presurgical mapping when spatial accuracy is crucial for delineating eloquent cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giannina R Iannotti
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Diagnostic Department (G.R.I., K.O.L.), Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Neurosurgery (G.R.I., I.N., V.I., S.M., K.L.S.), Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isaure Nadin
- Department of Neurosurgery (G.R.I., I.N., V.I., S.M., K.L.S.), Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vladimira Ivanova
- Department of Neurosurgery (G.R.I., I.N., V.I., S.M., K.L.S.), Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Quentin Tourdot
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Q.T.), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Agustina M Lascano
- Division of Neurology (A.M.L.), Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Shahan Momjian
- Department of Neurosurgery (G.R.I., I.N., V.I., S.M., K.L.S.), Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karl L Schaller
- Department of Neurosurgery (G.R.I., I.N., V.I., S.M., K.L.S.), Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Karl O Lovblad
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Diagnostic Department (G.R.I., K.O.L.), Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Frederic Grouiller
- Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences (F.G.), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (F.G.), MRI University of Geneva Cognitive and Affective Neuroimaging Section, Geneva, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition (F.G.), Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Liu P, Chrysidou A, Doehler J, Hebart MN, Wolbers T, Kuehn E. The organizational principles of de-differentiated topographic maps in somatosensory cortex. eLife 2021; 10:e60090. [PMID: 34003108 PMCID: PMC8186903 DOI: 10.7554/elife.60090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Topographic maps are a fundamental feature of cortex architecture in the mammalian brain. One common theory is that the de-differentiation of topographic maps links to impairments in everyday behavior due to less precise functional map readouts. Here, we tested this theory by characterizing de-differentiated topographic maps in primary somatosensory cortex (SI) of younger and older adults by means of ultra-high resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging together with perceptual finger individuation and hand motor performance. Older adults' SI maps showed similar amplitude and size to younger adults' maps, but presented with less representational similarity between distant fingers. Larger population receptive field sizes in older adults' maps did not correlate with behavior, whereas reduced cortical distances between D2 and D3 related to worse finger individuation but better motor performance. Our data uncover the drawbacks of a simple de-differentiation model of topographic map function, and motivate the introduction of feature-based models of cortical reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MagdeburgGermany
| | - Anastasia Chrysidou
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MagdeburgGermany
| | - Juliane Doehler
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MagdeburgGermany
| | - Martin N Hebart
- Vision and Computational Cognition Group, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
| | - Thomas Wolbers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MagdeburgGermany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
| | - Esther Kuehn
- Institute for Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)MagdeburgGermany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) MagdeburgMagdeburgGermany
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Weiss Lucas C, Nettekoven C, Neuschmelting V, Oros-Peusquens AM, Stoffels G, Viswanathan S, Rehme AK, Faymonville AM, Shah NJ, Langen KJ, Goldbrunner R, Grefkes C. Invasive versus non-invasive mapping of the motor cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:3970-3983. [PMID: 32588936 PMCID: PMC7469817 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise and comprehensive mapping of somatotopic representations in the motor cortex is clinically essential to achieve maximum resection of brain tumours whilst preserving motor function, especially since the current gold standard, that is, intraoperative direct cortical stimulation (DCS), holds limitations linked to the intraoperative setting such as time constraints or anatomical restrictions. Non‐invasive techniques are increasingly relevant with regard to pre‐operative risk‐assessment. Here, we assessed the congruency of neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with DCS. The motor representations of the hand, the foot and the tongue regions of 36 patients with intracranial tumours were mapped pre‐operatively using nTMS and fMRI and by intraoperative DCS. Euclidean distances (ED) between hotspots/centres of gravity and (relative) overlaps of the maps were compared. We found significantly smaller EDs (11.4 ± 8.3 vs. 16.8 ± 7.0 mm) and better spatial overlaps (64 ± 38% vs. 37 ± 37%) between DCS and nTMS compared with DCS and fMRI. In contrast to DCS, fMRI and nTMS mappings were feasible for all regions and patients without complications. In summary, nTMS seems to be the more promising non‐invasive motor cortex mapping technique to approximate the gold standard DCS results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Weiss Lucas
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center for Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Charlotte Nettekoven
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center for Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Neuschmelting
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center for Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Gabriele Stoffels
- Research Centre Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Jülich, Germany
| | | | - Anne K Rehme
- Research Centre Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Jülich, Germany.,Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Maria Faymonville
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center for Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - N Jon Shah
- Research Centre Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, University Clinic Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Karl Josef Langen
- Research Centre Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Jülich, Germany
| | - Roland Goldbrunner
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center for Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Grefkes
- Research Centre Jülich, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Jülich, Germany.,Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Lea-Carnall CA, Trujillo-Barreto NJ, Montemurro MA, El-Deredy W, Parkes LM. Evidence for frequency-dependent cortical plasticity in the human brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:8871-8876. [PMID: 28765375 PMCID: PMC5565407 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620988114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequency-dependent plasticity (FDP) describes adaptation at the synapse in response to stimulation at different frequencies. Its consequence on the structure and function of cortical networks is unknown. We tested whether cortical "resonance," favorable stimulation frequencies at which the sensory cortices respond maximally, influenced the impact of FDP on perception, functional topography, and connectivity of the primary somatosensory cortex using psychophysics and functional imaging (fMRI). We costimulated two digits on the hand synchronously at, above, or below the resonance frequency of the somatosensory cortex, and tested subjects' accuracy and speed on tactile localization before and after costimulation. More errors and slower response times followed costimulation at above- or below-resonance, respectively. Response times were faster after at-resonance costimulation. In the fMRI, the cortical representations of the two digits costimulated above-resonance shifted closer, potentially accounting for the poorer performance. Costimulation at-resonance did not shift the digit regions, but increased the functional coupling between them, potentially accounting for the improved response time. To relate these results to synaptic plasticity, we simulated a network of oscillators incorporating Hebbian learning. Two neighboring patches embedded in a cortical sheet, mimicking the two digit regions, were costimulated at different frequencies. Network activation outside the stimulated patches was greatest at above-resonance frequencies, reproducing the spread of digit representations seen with fMRI. Connection strengths within the patches increased following at-resonance costimulation, reproducing the increased fMRI connectivity. We show that FDP extends to the cortical level and is influenced by cortical resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Lea-Carnall
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom;
| | - Nelson J Trujillo-Barreto
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Marcelo A Montemurro
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Wael El-Deredy
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Valparaiso, Valparaiso 2366103, Chile
| | - Laura M Parkes
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Studies of human primary somatosensory cortex (S1) have placed a strong emphasis on the cortical representation of the hand and the propensity for plasticity therein. Despite many reports of group differences and experience-dependent changes in cortical digit somatotopy, relatively little work has considered the variability of these maps across individuals and to what extent this detailed functional architecture is dynamic over time. With the advent of 7 T fMRI, it is increasingly feasible to map such detailed organization noninvasively in individual human participants. Here, we extend the ability of ultra-high-field imaging beyond a technological proof of principle to investigate the intersubject variability of digit somatotopy across participants and the stability of this organization across a range of intervals. Using a well validated phase-encoding paradigm and an active task, we demonstrate the presence of highly reproducible maps of individual digits in S1, sharply contrasted by a striking degree of intersubject variability in the shape, extent, and relative position of individual digit representations. Our results demonstrate the presence of very stable fine-grain somatotopy of the digits in human S1 and raise the issue of population variability in such detailed functional architecture of the human brain. These findings have implications for the study of detailed sensorimotor plasticity in the context of both learning and pathological dysfunction. The simple task and 10 min scan required to derive these maps also raises the potential for this paradigm as a tool in the clinical setting. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We applied ultra-high-resolution fMRI at 7 T to map sensory digit representations in the human primary somatosensory cortex (S1) at the level of individual participants across multiple time points. The resulting fine-grain maps of individual digits in S1 reveal the stability in this fine-grain functional organization over time, contrasted with the variability in these maps across individuals.
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Ravn S, Holmberg M, Sørensen P, Frokjaer JB, Carl J. Presurgical functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with brain tumors. Acta Radiol 2016; 57:82-9. [PMID: 25523064 DOI: 10.1177/0284185114562992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is still an upcoming diagnostic tool because it is time-consuming to perform the post-scan calculations and interpretations. A standardized and easily used method for the clinical assessment of fMRI scans could decrease the workload and make fMRI more attractive for clinical use. PURPOSE To evaluate a standardized clinical approach for distance measurement between benign brain tumors and eloquent cortex in terms of the ability to predict pre- and postoperative neurological deficits after intraoperative neuronavigation-assisted surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study of 34 patients. The fMRI data were reanalyzed using a standardized distance measurement procedure combining data from both fMRI and three-dimensional T1 MRI scans. The pre- and postoperative neurological status of each patient was obtained from hospital records. Data analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis to determine whether the distance measured between the tumor margin and fMRI activity could serve as a predictor for neurological deficits. RESULTS An odds ratio of 0.89 mm(-1) (P = 0.03) was found between the risk of preoperative neurological motor deficits and the tumor-fMRI distance. An odds ratio of 0.82 mm(-1) (P = 0.04) was found between the risk of additional postoperative neurological motor deficits and the tumor-fMRI distance. The tumor was radically removed in 10 cases; five patients experienced additional postoperative motor deficits (tumor-fMRI distance <18 mm) and five did not (tumor-fMRI distance >18 mm) (P = 0.008). CONCLUSION This study indicates that the distance measured between the tumor margin and fMRI activation could serve as a valuable predictor of neurological motor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Ravn
- Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Mats Holmberg
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Preben Sørensen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Jens B Frokjaer
- Department of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Jesper Carl
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University, Denmark
- Department of Medical Physics, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark
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Ann Stringer E, Qiao PG, Friedman RM, Holroyd L, Newton AT, Gore JC, Min Chen L. Distinct fine-scale fMRI activation patterns of contra- and ipsilateral somatosensory areas 3b and 1 in humans. Hum Brain Mapp 2014; 35:4841-57. [PMID: 24692215 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Inter-areal and ipsilateral cortical responses to tactile stimulation have not been well described in human S1 cortex. By taking advantage of the high signal-to-noise ratio at 7 T, we quantified blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) response patterns and time courses to tactile stimuli on individual distal finger pads at a fine spatial scale, and examined whether there are inter-areal (area 3b versus area 1) and interhemispheric response differences to unilateral tactile stimulation in healthy human subjects. We found that 2-Hz tactile stimulation of individual fingertips evoked detectable BOLD signal changes in both contralateral and ipsilateral area 3b and area 1. Contralateral digit activations were organized in an orderly somatotopic manner, and BOLD responses in area 3b were more digit selective than those in area 1. However, the area of cortex that was responsive to stimulation of a single digit (stimulus-response field) was similar across areas. In the ipsilateral hemisphere, response magnitudes in both areas 3b and 1 were significantly weaker than those of the contralateral hemisphere. Digit activations exhibited no clear somatotopic organizational pattern in either area 3b or area 1, yet digit selectivity was retained in area 1 but not in area 3b. The observation of distinct digit-selective responses of contralateral area 3b versus area 1 supports a higher order function of contralateral area 1 in spatial integration. In contrast, ipsilateral cortices may play a less discriminative role in the perception of unilateral tactile sensation in humans.
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Vidyasagar R, Folger SE, Parkes LM. Re-wiring the brain: increased functional connectivity within primary somatosensory cortex following synchronous co-activation. Neuroimage 2014; 92:19-26. [PMID: 24508649 PMCID: PMC4010953 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary somatosensory cortex shows precise topographical organisation, but can be quickly modified by alterations to sensory inputs. Temporally correlated sensory inputs to the digits can result in the merging of digit representations on the cortical surface. Underlying mechanisms driving these changes are unclear but the strengthening of intra-cortical synaptic connections via Hebbian mechanisms has been suggested. We use fMRI measures of temporal coherence to infer alterations in the relative strength of neuronal connections between digit regions 2 and 4 following 3 hours of synchronous and asynchronous co-activation. Following synchronous co-activation we find a 20% increase in temporal coherence of the fMRI signal (p=0.0004). No significant change is seen following asynchronous co-activation suggesting that temporal coincidence between the two digit inputs during co-activation is driving this coherence change. In line with previous work we also find a trend towards reduced separation of the digit representations following synchronous co-activation and significantly increased separation for the asynchronous case. Increased coherence is significantly correlated with reduced digit separation for the synchronous case. This study shows that passive synchronous stimulation to the digits strengthens the underlying cortical connections between the digit regions in only a few hours, and that this mechanism may be related to topographical re-organisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishma Vidyasagar
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK; Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Analysis Research Centre (MARIARC), University of Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK.
| | - Stephen E Folger
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, Elon University, Campus Box 2085, Elon, NC 27244-2085, USA
| | - Laura M Parkes
- Centre for Imaging Sciences, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
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