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Valle-Dorado MG, Hernández-León A, Nani-Vázquez A, Ángeles-López GE, González-Trujano ME, Ventura-Martínez R. Antinociceptive effect of Mansoa alliacea polar extracts involves opioid receptors and nitric oxide in experimental nociception in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113253. [PMID: 35696943 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the antinociceptive effect and the possible mechanism of action of two polar extracts of Mansoa alliacea, a medicinal plant used in Perú, Brazil, and Mexico to treat rheumatic pain, we used the formalin and hot-plate tests in mice. We found that ethanolic (MA-EtOH) and aqueous (MA-AQ) extracts of M. alliacea induced antinociceptive effects in both nociceptive tests. The antinociceptive efficacy of the highest dosage (300 mg/kg) of both extracts were also compared by using intraperitoneal and oral administration in the formalin test. Results showed that intraperitoneal injection of the two extracts produced better antinociceptive effects than that obtained by their oral administration. The mechanism of action involved in their antinociceptive activity was determined in the formalin test. Results showed that the presence of A784168 (TRPV1 antagonist) did not alter the antinociceptive effect induced by any of the M. alliacea extracts, whereas naltrexone (opioid antagonist) partially prevented the antinociceptive effect only of MA-EtOH in both phases of the formalin test. Furthermore, the effects of the extracts were diminished by L-NAME (inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase), but not by ODQ (inhibitor of the soluble guanylyl cyclase) or glibenclamide (blocker of K+ATP channels) in the neurogenic phase. However, the effect of MA-AQ was diminished by all the inhibitors in the inflammatory phase. These results support the use of M. alliacea as a potential natural product with efficacy for pain relief depending on the form of preparation and the route of administration by involving opioid receptors and the production of nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Guadalupe Valle-Dorado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad No. 3000, Col. Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Alberto Hernández-León
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Av. México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Andrés Nani-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Av. México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Guadalupe Esther Ángeles-López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad No. 3000, Col. Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Av. México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, 14370 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Rosa Ventura-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad No. 3000, Col. Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Falev DI, Ul'yanovskii NV, Ovchinnikov DV, Faleva AV, Kosyakov DS. Screening and semi-quantitative determination of pentacyclic triterpenoids in plants by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in precursor ion scan mode. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:252-261. [PMID: 32638461 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pentacyclic triterpenoids (PCTs) are secondary plant metabolites. They are of exceptional interest as biologically active substances and raw materials for a wide range of medications. Thus, the development of a methodology for rapid screening of PCTs in plant biomass is an important task. OBJECTIVE The goal of this work was to develop an approach for simultaneous screening and semi-quantitative determination of PCTs in plant tissues by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with a precursor ion scan (PrecIS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) with methanol was used for the isolation of PCTs from plant biomass. Screening and semi-quantitative determination of PCTs in the obtained extracts were carried out by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in a PrecIS mode. RESULTS The product ion at m/z 95 with collision energy of 40 V was used as a diagnostic ion to identify PCTs by the PrecIS mode. In plant materials, 26 PCTs and their derivatives, such as PCTs esters and glycosides, were detected and identified. Calculation of the relative response factor for nine available PCTs showed that using a betulin calibration curve allows us to estimate the semi-quantitative content of PCTs and their derivatives in plant PLE extracts. CONCLUSION The developed approach can be applied for simultaneous untargeted screening and semi-quantitative determination of PCTs and their derivatives in various plants at sub-parts per million levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danil I Falev
- Core Facility Centre "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay V Ul'yanovskii
- Core Facility Centre "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Denis V Ovchinnikov
- Core Facility Centre "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Anna V Faleva
- Core Facility Centre "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Kosyakov
- Core Facility Centre "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Yu T, Hu Z, Wang Y. An LC-ESI/MS/MS method for the determination of lupeol via precolumn derivatization and its application to pharmacokinetic studies in rat plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 35:e5005. [PMID: 33067801 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lupeol, a phytosterol and triterpene, is widely found in edible fruits and vegetables, and has been reported to exhibit a spectrum of pharmacological activities against various disease conditions. In the present study, a derivative generated by the reaction of lupeol with p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate was ionizable and fragmentable in the negative mode by electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry. Based on this simple chemical derivatization, a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantification of lupeol in rat plasma. The calibration curves were linear (r2 > 0.999) over concentrations from 2.5 to 250 ng/ml for lupeol. The method had an accuracy of 96.0-109.4%, and the intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD) were within ± 15%. The stability data showed that no significant degradation occurred under the experimental conditions. The mean recoveries at three quality control levels were within 88.7-95.7%. No significant matrix effects (105.3-109.8%) were observed in rat plasma. This method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of lupeol in rat plasma after oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Center for Bioactive Products, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Center for Bioactive Products, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Center for Bioactive Products, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Center for Bioactive Products, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Silveira RDS, Leal GC, Molin TRD, Faccin H, Gobo LA, Silveira GDD, Souza MTDS, Lameira OA, Carvalho LMD, Viana C. Determination of phenolic and triterpenic compounds in Jatropha gossypiifolia L by Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (UHPLC-MS/MS). BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000417262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Falev DI, Kosyakov DS, Ul'yanovskii NV, Ovchinnikov DV. Rapid simultaneous determination of pentacyclic triterpenoids by mixed-mode liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang C, He W, Kang L, Yu S, Wu A, Wu W. Two-dimensional fruit quality factors and soil nutrients reveals more favorable topographic plantation of Xinjiang jujubes in China. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222567. [PMID: 31626657 PMCID: PMC6799912 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Jujubes (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) are among the main agroeconomically important crops in Xinjiang, China, and those from this region have the highest production worldwide. However, the reason for the high quality of the jujubes in the region is unknown. In our current research, the total phosphorus (P), total nitrogen (N), organic matter (OM), available P, alkaline N and quick potassium (K) were quantitatively analyzed in soils collected from orchards in 11 geographical locations, counties or cities, in Xinjiang. Meanwhile, the P, total triterpenoids, soluble solids, polysaccharide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (CAMP) contents were also used to indicate fruit quality. Based on the analyzed data, principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple regression analysis revealed a high correlation between soil nutrients and the quality of the Jun jujube, which was used as an example. Specifically, the total P and quick K contents significantly differed among the orchard soils. Moreover, they significantly affected fruit quality. Total P significantly affected the soluble solids and total triterpenoids contents and was negatively correlated with the former and positively correlated with the latter. In addition, the soluble solids and total triterpenoids contents were significantly affected by the quick K content; as the quick K content increased, the soluble solids content gradually increased, while the total triterpenoids content decreased. According to the response surface model, we suggest that when the total P and quick K contents in the soil in Xinjiang were 0.76 g/kg and 365.04 mg/kg, respectively, the optimal fruit quality was obtained. Therefore, two-dimensional analysis of fruit quality and soil nutrients showed that it is necessary to increase the total P and quick K contents in the soil used to grow jujubes in Xinjiang.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Urumqi), Ministry of Agriculture, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Weizhong He
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Urumqi), Ministry of Agriculture, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Lu Kang
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Xinjiang, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Urumqi), Ministry of Agriculture, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Song Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Aibo Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenliang Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Hamann FR, Brusco I, de Campos Severo G, de Carvalho LM, Faccin H, Gobo L, Oliveira SM, Rubin MA. Mansoa alliacea extract presents antinociceptive effect in a chronic inflammatory pain model in mice through opioid mechanisms. Neurochem Int 2018; 122:157-169. [PMID: 30496767 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In some chronic disorders, as in arthritis, the inflammatory pain persists beyond the inflammation control becoming pathological. Its treatment shows limited efficacy and adverse effects which compromises patients' quality of life. Mansoa alliacea, known as 'cipo alho', is popularly used as analgesic and others species of this genus show anti-inflammatory actions. We investigated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential of M. alliacea extract in an inflammatory pain model which presents inflammatory characteristics similar to those caused by arthritis, through of the intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in mice. The extract chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of ρ-coumaric, ferulic and chlorogenic acids, luteolin, and apigenin. The treatment with M. alliacea prevented and reversed the CFA-induced mechanical allodynia with maximum inhibition (Imax) of 100% and 90 ± 10%, respectively. The co-administration of M. alliacea extract plus morphine enhanced the anti-allodynic effect with Imax of 100%. The M. alliacea extract also reverted the CFA-induced thermal hyperalgesia with Imax of 3.6 times greater compared to the vehicle and reduced the thermal threshold under physiological conditions. However, M. alliacea extract did not reduce the CFA-induced edema and myeloperoxidase activity. Additionally, non-selective and δ-selective opioid receptor antagonists, but not κ-opioid, prevented extract anti-allodynic effect with Imax of 98 ± 2% and 93 ± 2%, respectively. Moreover, M. alliacea extract did not induce adverse effects commonly caused by opioids and other analgesic drugs, at least in the tested pharmacological doses after the acute treatment. M. alliacea extract presents antinociceptive activity in an inflammatory pain model, which presents inflammatory characteristics similar to those arthritis-induced, without causing adverse effects in tested pharmacological doses. These effects seem to be mediated mainly via δ-opioid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Regina Hamann
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Indiara Brusco
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Campos Severo
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro Machado de Carvalho
- Chemistry Graduate Program, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Faccin
- Chemistry Graduate Program, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciana Gobo
- Chemistry Graduate Program, Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Maribel Antonello Rubin
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Frankenberger L, D Mora T, de Siqueira CD, Filippin-Monteiro FB, de Moraes MH, Biavatti MW, Steindel M, Sandjo LP. UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS 2 characterisation of Cola nitida resin fractions with inhibitory effects on NO and TNF-α released by LPS-activated J774 macrophage and on Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania amazonensis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2018; 29:577-589. [PMID: 29808594 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The resin of Cola nitida is used in western Cameroon as incense for spiritual protection and during ritual ceremonies. This plant secretion has never been investigated although previous chemical and biological studies on other resins have drawn many attentions. OBJECTIVE The resin fractions which revealed inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) released by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated J774 macrophage as well as on intracellular forms of Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi amastigote were chemically characterised. Moreover, their antiparasitic activities were compared to those of semi-synthetic triterpenes. METHODOLOGY The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by measuring the nitrite production and the TNF-α concentration in the supernatants of LPS-activated macrophages by antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, the antiparasitic assay was performed by infecting the host cells (THP-1) in a ratio parasite/cell 10:1 (L. amazonensis) and 2:1 (T. cruzi) and then exposed to the samples. The resin was separated in vacuo by liquid chromatography because of its sticky behaviour and the chemical profiles of the obtained fractions (F1-F4) were established by dereplication based on UPLC-ESI-MS2 data while semi-synthetic triterpenes were prepared from α-amyrin by oxidation reactions. RESULTS Fractions F1-F4 inhibited NO and TNF-α almost similarly. However, only F1, F3 and F4 showed promising antiparasitic activities while F2 was moderately active against both parasites. Hence, F1-F4 were exclusively composed of pentacyclic triterpenes bearing oleanane and ursane skeletons. Semi-synthetic compounds revealed no to moderate antiparasitic activity compared to the fractions. CONCLUSION Although it will be difficult to prove the interaction resin-spirit, interesting bioactivities were found in the resin fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Frankenberger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CCS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Tamara D Mora
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carolina D de Siqueira
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Milene H de Moraes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maique W Biavatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CCS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Mario Steindel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Louis P Sandjo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CCS, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Recent advances on HPLC/MS in medicinal plant analysis—An update covering 2011–2016. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:211-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Some triterpenic compounds in extracts of Cecropia and Bauhinia species for different sampling years. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Liu C, Wen W, Shao J, Zhao W, Qi K, Yang J, Pan Y. Fast and comprehensive characterization of chemical ingredients in traditional Chinese herbal medicines by extractive atmospheric pressure photoionization (EAPPI) mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:1491-1498. [PMID: 28667680 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The goal of this work is to employ extractive atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry (EAPPI-MS) to characterize the constituents in traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCHM) directly without chromatographic separation. METHODS Sample was placed in 4 mL of methanol/water (v/v, 3:1) in the nebulization cell, and then the ultrasonic nebulizer was switched on. The ultrasonic nebulization system allows the simultaneous sample extraction and introduction of extract aerosols. The extract aerosols were vaporized in a transfer tube. Mixed with a gaseous dopant, vaporized analytes were ionized through ambient photon-induced ion-molecule reactions, and were mass-analyzed by high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). RESULTS The major ingredients including alkaloids, flavonoids, amino acids, saccarides, ginsenosides, lignans and terpenoids were readily detected. Compared with electrospray ionization (ESI), EAPPI allowed the ionization of a wider range of compounds, which is desirable for the integral characterization of TCHMs containing numerous constituents. The significant discrepancies for both alkaloids and terpenoids in tripterygium glycoside tablets from two different manufacturers could be simultaneously reflected from EAPPI mass spectra. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that EAPPI-MS can be regarded as a supplementary ambient method for the fast and comprehensive analysis of TCHMs, which is important for the quality control and safety assurance of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Wu Wen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Jun Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P.R. China
| | - Wan Zhao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Keke Qi
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Jiuzhong Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Yang Pan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, P.R. China
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