1
|
Liu Z, Tang G, Peng Y, Lan J, Xian Y, Tian X, Chen D. The short fiber knobs of human adenovirus in species F elicit cross-neutralizing antibody responses. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35783. [PMID: 39170224 PMCID: PMC11337035 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) type 40 in species F (HAdV-F40) and HAdV-F41 represent the third most prevalent causative agents of non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children, following norovirus and rotavirus. Despite their significant contribution to global child morbidity, vaccines to preemptively combat these viruses remain elusive. In this study, we investigate the potential for cross-neutralization between HAdV-F40 and HAdV-F41 using immune sera with the short fiber knob (SFK). We implemented a series of assays to evaluate the responses, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent, micro-neutralization, immunofluorescence, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Our results demonstrate that immune sera with HAdV-F40 SFK or HAdV-F41 SFK could effectively neutralize both HAdV-F40 and HAdV-F41, indicating a mutual cross-neutralizing effect. Notably, the immune sera with HAdV-F40 SFK demonstrated a stronger neutralization effect, suggesting the potential to develop a subunit vaccine that can simultaneously counteract both viruses. These findings underscore the potential of SFK immunization in evoking a cross-neutralizing antibody response between HAdV-F40 and HAdV-F41. This suggests a promising avenue for developing subunit vaccines against HAdV-F40 and HAdV-F41 and provides a novel perspective on the potential of neutralizing antibodies to protect against these two types of HAdV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guolu Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixian Lan
- Guangdong Sanmai Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Xian
- Guangdong Sanmai Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dehui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Okitsu S, Khamrin P, Hikita T, Onda Y, Ngan PTK, Hayakawa S, Maneekarn N, Ushijima H. Remarkable increase in the detection and molecular characterization of adenovirus F41 in children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan, 2017-2023. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29615. [PMID: 38628102 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the causative viruses of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. Species F is known to be enteric adenovirus (genotypes 40 and 41) detected in stool samples. In Japan, we conducted an epidemiological study and molecular characterization of HAdV before and after the COVID-19 pandemic from 2017 to 2023. Among 821 patients, HAdV was detected in 118 AGE cases (14.4%). During a period of 6 years, the HAdV detection rates for each year were relatively low at 3.7% and 0%, in 2017-2018, and 2020-2021, respectively. However, the detection rate increased to remarkably high rates, ranging from 13.3% to 27.3% in the other 4-year periods. Of these HAdV-positive strains, 83.1% were F41 genotypes and 16.9% were other genotypes (A31, B3, C1, C2/C6, and C5). Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the full-length hexon gene demonstrated that HAdV-F41 strains were comprised of three clades, and each clade was distributed across the study period from 2017 to 2023. Analysis of deduced amino acid sequences of the hexon gene of the representative HAdV-F41 strains from each clade revealed numerous amino acid substitutions across hypervariable regions (HVRs) from HVR-1 to HVR-7, two insertions in HVR-1 and HVR-7, and two deletions in HVR-1 and HVR-2 of the hexon gene compared to those of the prototype strain, particularly, those of clade 3 HAdV-F41 strains. The findings suggested that the HAdV-F41 of each clade was stable, conserved, and co-circulated for over two decades in Japan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Okitsu
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pattara Khamrin
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Yuko Onda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pham Thi Kim Ngan
- Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hayakawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Niwat Maneekarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Hiroshi Ushijima
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Grand RJ. Pathogenicity and virulence of human adenovirus F41: Possible links to severe hepatitis in children. Virulence 2023; 14:2242544. [PMID: 37543996 PMCID: PMC10405776 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2242544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 100 human adenoviruses (HAdVs) have been isolated and allocated to seven species, A-G. Species F comprises two members-HAdV-F40 and HAdV-F41. As their primary site of infection is the gastrointestinal tract they have been termed, with species A, enteric adenoviruses. HAdV-F40 and HAdV-F41 are a common cause of gastroenteritis and diarrhoea in children. Partly because of difficulties in propagating the viruses in the laboratory, due to their restrictions on growth in many cell lines, our knowledge of the properties of individual viral proteins is limited. However, the structure of HAdV-F41 has recently been determined by cryo-electron microscopy. The overall structure is similar to those of HAdV-C5 and HAdV-D26 although with some differences. The sequence and arrangement of the hexon hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) and the arrangement of the C-terminal region of protein IX differ. Variations in the penton base and hexon HVR1 may play a role in facilitating infection of intestinal cells by HAdV-F41. A unique feature of HAdV-F40 and F41, among human adenoviruses, is the presence and expression of two fibre genes, giving long and short fibre proteins. This may also contribute to the tropism of these viruses. HAdV-F41 has been linked to a recent outbreak of severe acute hepatitis "of unknown origin" in young children. Further investigation has shown a very high prevalence of adeno-associated virus-2 in the liver and/or plasma of some cohorts of patients. These observations have proved controversial as HAdV-F41 had not been reported to infect the liver and AAV-2 has generally been considered harmless.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger J. Grand
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Science, the Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Blanco R, Alcalá AC, Fernández R, Ramírez V, Rosales RE, Páez MG, Alemán H, González R, Zerpa J, Maldonado AJ, Vizzi E. Molecular characterization of human adenovirus causing infantile acute gastroenteritis in Venezuela before and after rotavirus vaccine implementation. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 107:116056. [PMID: 37683387 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdV) of species F are commonly involved in pediatric acute gastroenteritis (AGE). The real impact on Venezuelan health is unknown. To investigate the prevalence and molecular diversity of HAdV in Venezuela, 630 fecal samples collected from children with AGE in 3 cities, from 2001 to 2013, were tested by PCR. Species F and types F40/41 were identified by REA. HAdV was detected in 123 cases (19.5%), most from outpatient females under 24 months old. A progressive and substantial increase in the detection rate was observed over time, significantly higher in rotavirus vaccinated than unvaccinated children (28.4% vs. 9.5%, P = 0.00019). Phylogenetic analysis of 28 randomly selected genomes showed high similarity among HAdV-F40/41 and those worldwide. HAdV-F of type 41 prevailed (79.8%) and clustered into 2 intratypic major clades. The significant involvement of HAdV-F41 in AGE suggests the importance of actively monitoring viral agents other than rotavirus, especially after vaccine introduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Blanco
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Ana C Alcalá
- MU Center for Influenza and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA; Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Rixio Fernández
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Viviana Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Rita E Rosales
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - María G Páez
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Héctor Alemán
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Rosabel González
- Sección de Enfermedades Entéricas, Servicio Autónomo Instituto de Biomedicina, Dr. Jacinto Convit, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - José Zerpa
- Laboratorio de Virología, Postgrado en Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Oriente, Núcleo de Sucre, Cumaná, Venezuela
| | - Antonio J Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Virología, Postgrado en Biología Aplicada, Universidad de Oriente, Núcleo de Sucre, Cumaná, Venezuela
| | - Esmeralda Vizzi
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología y Biología Celular (CMBC), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Maes M, Khokhar F, Wilkinson SAJ, Smith AD, Kovalenko G, Dougan G, Quick J, Loman NJ, Baker S, Curran MD, Skittrall JP, Houldcroft CJ. Multiplex MinION sequencing suggests enteric adenovirus F41 genetic diversity comparable to pre-COVID-19 era. Microb Genom 2023; 9:mgen000920. [PMID: 36748435 PMCID: PMC9973849 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus F41 causes acute gastroenteritis in children, and has recently been associated with an apparent increase in paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology in the UK, with further cases reported in multiple countries. Relatively little is known about the genetic diversity of adenovirus F41 in UK children; and it is unclear what, if any, impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on viral diversity in the UK. Methods that allow F41 to be sequenced from clinical samples without the need for viral culture are required to provide the genomic data to address these questions. Therefore, we evaluated an overlapping-amplicon method of sequencing adenovirus genomes from clinical samples using Oxford Nanopore technology. We applied this method to a small sample of adenovirus-species-F-positive extracts collected as part of standard care in the East of England region in January-May 2022. This method produced genomes with >75 % coverage in 13/22 samples and >50 % coverage in 19/22 samples. We identified two F41 lineages present in paediatric patients in the East of England in 2022. Where F41 genomes from paediatric hepatitis cases were available (n=2), these genomes fell within the diversity of F41 from the UK and continental Europe sequenced before and after the 2020-2021 phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analyses suggest that overlapping amplicon sequencing is an appropriate method for generating F41 genomic data from high-virus-load clinical samples, and currently circulating F41 viral lineages were present in the UK and Europe before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mailis Maes
- Clinical Microbiology and Public Health Laboratory, UK Health Security Agency, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fahad Khokhar
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Sam A. J. Wilkinson
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew D. Smith
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ganna Kovalenko
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gordon Dougan
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joshua Quick
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicholas J. Loman
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephen Baker
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin D. Curran
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jordan P. Skittrall
- Clinical Microbiology and Public Health Laboratory, UK Health Security Agency, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu L, Qian Y, Jia L, Dong H, Deng L, Huang H, Zhao L, Zhu R. Genetic diversity and molecular evolution of human adenovirus serotype 41 strains circulating in Beijing, China, during 2010-2019. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 95:105056. [PMID: 34481061 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus serotype 41 (HAdV-F41) is an important pathogen that causes diarrhea in children. However, the data on its molecular genetic characteristics and evolutionary history are still neither comprehensive nor sufficient. Four capsid protein genes from 58 HAdV-F41-positive specimens taken from diarrheal children in Beijing during 2010-2019 were amplified and analyzed. Variant amino acids in the hexon gene (18 sites) and short fiber gene (4 sites) clustered these strains into two clades and four subclades. The deletion of 15 amino acids found in the gene seemed to have little effect on the genomic strain cluster same as to penton gene. The HAdV-F41 strains had high diversity, as assessed from the intraspecific recombination of hexon, short fiber and long fiber. The molecular evolutionary rate of HAdV-F41's concatenated genes was 4.07 × 10-5 substitutions/site/year, and it diverged from the most recent common ancestor in 1720. Apart from in the penton gene, positive selection codons were predicted in the other three genes, which may play a synergistic role in the evolution of HAdV-F41. These results provide new insights for understanding the characteristics of infectivity and developing vectors and vaccine vehicles for HAdV-F41.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Liu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yuan Qian
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Liping Jia
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Huijin Dong
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Li Deng
- Infectious Department, Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Infectious Department, Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Linqing Zhao
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Runan Zhu
- Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Oliveira ERA, Li L, Bouvier M. Intracellular Sequestration of the NKG2D Ligand MIC B by Species F Adenovirus. Viruses 2021; 13:1289. [PMID: 34372495 PMCID: PMC8310058 DOI: 10.3390/v13071289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The enteric human adenoviruses of species F (HAdVs-F), which comprise HAdV-F40 and HAdV-F41, are significant pathogens that cause acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. The early transcription unit 3 (E3) of HAdVs-F is markedly different from that of all other HAdV species. To date, the E3 proteins unique to HAdVs-F have not been characterized and the mechanism by which HAdVs-F evade immune defenses in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is poorly understood. Here, we show that HAdV-F41 infection of human intestinal HCT116 cells upregulated the expression of MHC class I-related chain A (MIC A) and MIC B relative to uninfected cells. Our results also showed that, for MIC B, this response did not however result in a significant increase of MIC B on the cell surface. Instead, MIC B was largely sequestered intracellularly. Thus, although HAdV-F41 infection of HCT116 cells upregulated MIC B expression, the ligand remained inside infected cells. A similar observation could not be made for MIC A in these cells. Our preliminary findings represent a novel function of HAdVs-F that may enable these viruses to evade immune surveillance by natural killer (NK) cells in the infected gut, thereby paving the way for the future investigation of their unique E3 proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marlene Bouvier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (E.R.A.O.); (L.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chandra P, Lo M, Mitra S, Banerjee A, Saha P, Okamoto K, Deb AK, Ghosh SK, Manna A, Dutta S, Chawla-Sarkar M. Genetic characterization and phylogenetic variations of human adenovirus-F strains circulating in eastern India during 2017-2020. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6180-6190. [PMID: 34138479 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus-F (HAdV-F) (genotype 40/41) is the second-most leading cause of pediatric gastroenteritis after rotavirus, worldwide, accounting for 2.8%-11.8% of infantile diarrheal cases. Earlier studies across eastern India revealed a shift in the predominance of genotypes from HAdV41 in 2007-09 to HAdV40 in 2013-14. Thus, the surveillance for HAdV-F genotypes in this geographical setting was undertaken over 2017-2020 to analyze the viral evolutionary dynamics. A total of 3882 stool samples collected from children (≤5 years) were screened for HAdV-F positivity by conventional PCR. The hypervariable regions of the hexon and the partial shaft region of long fiber genes were amplified, sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed with respect to the prototype strains. A marginal decrease in enteric HAdV prevalence was observed (9.04%, n = 351/3882) compared to the previous report (11.8%) in this endemic setting. Children <2 years were found most vulnerable to enteric HAdV infection. Reduction in adenovirus-rotavirus co-infection was evident compared to the sole adenovirus infection. HAdV-F genotypes 40 and 41 were found to co-circulate, but HAdV41 was predominant. HAdV40 strains were genetically conserved, whereas HAdV41 strains accumulated new mutations. On the basis of a different set of mutations in their genome, HAdV41 strains segregated into 2 genome type clusters (GTCs). Circulating HAdV41 strains clustered with GTC1 of the fiber gene, for the first time during this study period. This study will provide much-needed baseline data on the emergence and circulation of HAdV40/41 strains for future vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Chandra
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahadeb Lo
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Suvrotoa Mitra
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anindita Banerjee
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Saha
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Keinosuke Okamoto
- Collaborative Research Centre of Okayama University for Infectious Disease at Indian ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Alok Kumar Deb
- Division of Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanat Kumar Ghosh
- Dr. B.C. Roy Post Graduate Institute of Pediatric Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Asis Manna
- Infectious diseases and Beliaghata General (ID & BG) Hospital, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Regional Virus Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kosulin K. Intestinal HAdV Infection: Tissue Specificity, Persistence, and Implications for Antiviral Therapy. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090804. [PMID: 31480296 PMCID: PMC6783822 DOI: 10.3390/v11090804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) causes infections predominantly in early childhood and the tissue tropism of specific HAdV species determines the clinical manifestation, including infections of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and keratoconjunctivitis. Why HAdV shows such a tropism has not yet been fully elucidated, but in the intestine different mechanisms for virus entry or resistence to immune modulatory factors have been described. Recently identified antiviral strategies by interferons provide evidence about the repression of E1A and maybe even promote HAdV persistence. The presence of HAdV in a persistent status in the gut is of importance in the setting of pediatric stem cell transplant recipients where HAdV detection in stool usually preceds clinical signs and severe infections are related to mortality. The reactivation of persistent intestinal HAdV infections in these patients needs further investigation also with regard to successful therapy options. In addition, several newly identified recombinant HAdV types have been isolated from stool samples, thus raising the question of possible recombination events in the gut. In this review, intestinal HAdV infections are discussed in relation to the tissue tropism, persistence, recombination, and new in-vitro models to enhance the knowledge about virus–host interactions and support the development of new treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Kosulin
- Molecular Microbiology, Children's Cancer Research Institute, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Arashkia A, Bahrami F, Farsi M, Nejati B, Jalilvand S, Nateghian A, Rahbarimanesh A, Shoja Z. Molecular analysis of human adenoviruses in hospitalized children <5 years old with acute gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran. J Med Virol 2019; 91:1930-1936. [PMID: 31283018 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs), especially AdV-40 and 41, are common causes of nonbacterial sporadic and outbreak gastroenteritis in children. The present study aimed to describe the frequency and genetic analysis of HAdVs in hospitalized children <5 years old with acute gastroenteritis. A total of 376 stool samples obtained from June 2015 to December 2017 were investigated for the presence of HAdVs by polymerase chain reaction. The HAdV DNA was detected in 16 (4.3%) out of 376 stool samples. Based on the hexon hypervariable region (HVR), B, C, and F HADV species including five types HAdV-1, 2, 3, 6, and 41 were identified, among which enteric AdV species F (EAdV-41) was the most dominant. Moreover, our findings showed the presence of genomic type cluster 1 (GTC1) pattern in Iranian type 41 strains, which was closely similar to the D1 prototype strain (Tak) and D28. In this regard, a recombination was found in AdV-41 strains presenting the hexon sequence that belonged to GTC1, while fiber sequence clustered with GTC2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Arashkia
- Virology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ferial Bahrami
- Virology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Farsi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Behrooz Nejati
- Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jalilvand
- Virology Department, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Nateghian
- Ali-Asghar Children's Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Rahbarimanesh
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Bahrami Children Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Houldcroft CJ, Beale MA, Sayeed MA, Qadri F, Dougan G, Mutreja A. Identification of novel adenovirus genotype 90 in children from Bangladesh. Microb Genom 2018; 4. [PMID: 30248001 PMCID: PMC6249435 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel adenovirus genotypes are associated with outbreaks of disease, such as acute gastroenteritis, renal disease, upper respiratory tract infection and keratoconjunctivitis. Here, we identify novel and variant adenovirus genotypes in children coinfected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, in Bangladesh. Metagenomic sequencing of stool was performed and whole adenovirus genomes were extracted. A novel species D virus, designated genotype 90 (P33H27F67) was identified, and the partial genome of a putative recombinant species B virus was recovered. Furthermore, the enteric types HAdV-A61 and HAdV-A40 were found in stool specimens. Knowledge of the diversity of adenovirus genomes circulating worldwide, especially in low-income countries where the burden of disease is high, will be required to ensure that future vaccination strategies cover the diversity of adenovirus strains associated with disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathew A Beale
- 2Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Md Abu Sayeed
- 3International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firdausi Qadri
- 3International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Gordon Dougan
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ankur Mutreja
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Holly MK, Smith JG. Adenovirus Infection of Human Enteroids Reveals Interferon Sensitivity and Preferential Infection of Goblet Cells. J Virol 2018; 92:e00250-18. [PMID: 29467318 PMCID: PMC5899204 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00250-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are significant human pathogens. Although only a subset of HAdV serotypes commonly cause gastroenteritis in humans, most HAdV species replicate in the gastrointestinal tract. Knowledge of the complex interaction between HAdVs and the human intestinal epithelium has been limited by the lack of a suitable cell culture system containing relevant cell types. Recently, this need has been met by the stable and prolonged cultivation of primary intestinal epithelial cells as enteroids. Human enteroids have been used to reveal novel and interesting aspects of rotavirus, norovirus, and enterovirus replication, prompting us to explore their suitability for HAdV culture. We found that both prototype strains and clinical isolates of enteric and nonenteric HAdVs productively replicate in human enteroids. HAdV-5p, a respiratory pathogen, and HAdV-41p, an enteric pathogen, are both sensitive to type I and III interferons in human enteroid monolayers but not A549 cells. Interestingly, HAdV-5p, but not HAdV-41p, preferentially infected goblet cells. And, HAdV-5p but not HAdV-41p was potently neutralized by the enteric human alpha-defensin HD5. These studies highlight new facets of HAdV biology that are uniquely revealed by primary intestinal epithelial cell culture.IMPORTANCE Enteric adenoviruses are a significant cause of childhood gastroenteritis worldwide, yet our understanding of their unique biology is limited. Here we report robust replication of both prototype and clinical isolates of enteric and respiratory human adenoviruses in enteroids, a primary intestinal cell culture system. Recent studies have shown that other fastidious enteric viruses replicate in human enteroids. Therefore, human enteroids may provide a unified platform for culturing enteric viruses, potentially enabling isolation of a greater diversity of viruses from patients. Moreover, both the ability of interferon to restrict respiratory and enteric adenoviruses and a surprising preference of a respiratory serotype for goblet cells demonstrate the power of this culture system to uncover aspects of adenovirus biology that were previously unattainable with standard cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi K Holly
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jason G Smith
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Viral Gastroenteritis. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018. [PMCID: PMC7151782 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-40181-4.00056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
14
|
Banerjee A, De P, Manna B, Chawla-Sarkar M. Molecular characterization of enteric adenovirus genotypes 40 and 41 identified in children with acute gastroenteritis in Kolkata, India during 2013-2014. J Med Virol 2016; 89:606-614. [PMID: 27584661 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Human enteric adenovirus (HAdV) belonging to species F is one of the most common pathogens responsible for infantile gastroenteritis worldwide. This study was initiated to estimate prevalence and types of HAdV among children below 5 years of age seeking health care facility for treatment of diarrhea in Kolkata, Eastern India. A total of 1,562 stool specimens were tested during 2013-2014 and among them, 185 (11.8%) were positive for enteric HAdV. Maximum number of positive cases were observed among children between 6 and 12 months of age (13.9%). HAdV infection occurred at a low frequency throughout the year, with an increased incidence in the month of March-July in both the years. Among HAdV positive samples (n = 185), 44.8% showed coinfection with rotavirus. Genotyping based on hypervariable region of hexon and partial shaft region of fiber genes, revealed prevalence of HAdV-40 over HAdV-41 genotype during this study period. Nucleotide sequence analysis of HAdV-40 strains exhibited more than 99% similarity among themselves and 98.5% with the prototype strain Dugan. Sequence analysis of six hypervariable regions (HVRs) of hexon genes from all the HAdV-41 strains revealed co-circulation of both genome type cluster 1(GTC1) and GTC2. The presence of both types of GTCs reflects accumulation of amino acid (aa) mutations in HVR of hexon gene. A recombination event was evident in a subset of HAdV-41 strains where hexon gene belonged to GTC1 whereas, fiber gene clustered with GTC2. Sequence analysis of fiber gene shaft region of HAdV-41 strains revealed 15 aa deletion from the 15th repeat motif. J. Med. Virol. 89:606-614, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Banerjee
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Papiya De
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Byomkesh Manna
- Division of Data Management and Biostatistics, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Mamta Chawla-Sarkar
- Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shi H, Xagoraraki I, Parent KN, Bruening ML, Tarabara VV. Elution Is a Critical Step for Recovering Human Adenovirus 40 from Tap Water and Surface Water by Cross-Flow Ultrafiltration. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:4982-93. [PMID: 27287319 PMCID: PMC4968539 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00870-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED This paper examines the recovery of the enteric adenovirus human adenovirus 40 (HAdV 40) by cross-flow ultrafiltration and interprets recovery values in terms of physicochemical interactions of virions during sample concentration. Prior to ultrafiltration, membranes were either blocked by exposure to calf serum (CS) or coated with a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM). HAdV 40 is a hydrophobic virus with a point of zero charge between pH 4.0 and pH 4.3. In accordance with predictions from the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory, the preelution recovery of HAdV (rpre) from deionized water was higher with PEM-coated membranes (rpre (PEM) = 74.8% ± 9.7%) than with CS-blocked membranes (rpre (CS) = 54.1% ± 6.2%). With either membrane type, the total virion recovery after elution (rpost) was high for both deionized water (rpost (PEM) = 99.5% ± 6.6% and rpost (CS) = 98.8% ± 7.7%) and tap water (rpost (PEM) = 89% ± 15% and rpost (CS) = 93.7% ± 6.9%). The nearly 100% recoveries suggest that the polyanion (sodium polyphosphate) and surfactant (Tween 80) in the eluent disrupt electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the virion and the membrane. Addition of EDTA to the eluent greatly improved the elution efficacy (rpost (CS) = 88.6% ± 4.3% and rpost (PEM) = 87.0% ± 6.9%) with surface water, even when the organic carbon concentration in the water was high (9.4 ± 0.1 mg/liter). EDTA likely disrupts cation bridging between virions and particles in the feed water matrix or the fouling layer on the membrane surface. For complex water matrices, the eluent composition is the most important factor for achieving high virion recovery. IMPORTANCE Herein we present the results of a comprehensive physicochemical characterization of HAdV 40, an important human pathogen. The data on HAdV 40 surface properties enabled rigorous modeling to gain an understanding of the energetics of virion-virion and virion-filter interactions. Cross-flow filtration for concentration and recovery of HAdV 40 was evaluated, with postelution recoveries from ultrapure water (99%), tap water (∼91%), and high-carbon-content surface water (∼84%) being demonstrated. These results are significant because of the very low adenovirus recoveries that have been reported, to date, for other methods. The recovery data were interpreted in terms of specific interactions, and the eluent composition was designed accordingly to maximize HAdV 40 recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Shi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Irene Xagoraraki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Kristin N Parent
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Merlin L Bruening
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Volodymyr V Tarabara
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Using the E4orf6-Based E3 Ubiquitin Ligase as a Tool To Analyze the Evolution of Adenoviruses. J Virol 2016; 90:7350-7367. [PMID: 27252531 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00420-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED E4orf6 proteins from all human adenoviruses form Cullin-based ubiquitin ligase complexes that, in association with E1B55K, target cellular proteins for degradation. While most are assembled with Cul5, a few utilize Cul2. BC-box motifs enable all these E4orf6 proteins to assemble ligase complexes with Elongins B and C. We also identified a Cul2-box motif used for Cul2 selection in all Cul2-based complexes. With this information, we set out to determine if other adenoviruses also possess the ability to form the ligase complex and, if so, to predict their Cullin usage. Here we report that all adenoviruses known to encode an E4orf6-like protein (mastadenoviruses and atadenoviruses) maintain the potential to form the ligase complex. We could accurately predict Cullin usage for E4orf6 products of mastadenoviruses and all but one atadenovirus. Interestingly, in nonhuman primate adenoviruses, we found a clear segregation of Cullin binding, with Cul5 utilized by viruses infecting great apes and Cul2 by Old/New World monkey viruses, suggesting that a switch from Cul2 to Cul5 binding occurred during the period when great apes diverged from monkeys. Based on the analysis of Cullin selection, we also suggest that the majority of human adenoviruses, which exhibit a broader tropism for the eye and the respiratory tract, exhibit Cul5 specificity and resemble viruses infecting great apes, whereas those that infect the gastrointestinal tract may have originated from monkey viruses that share Cul2 specificity. Finally, aviadenoviruses also appear to contain E4orf6 genes that encode proteins with a conserved XCXC motif followed by, in most cases, a BC-box motif. IMPORTANCE Two early adenoviral proteins, E4orf6 and E1B55K, form a ubiquitin ligase complex with cellular proteins to ubiquitinate specific substrates, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. In studies with representatives of each human adenovirus species, we (and others) previously discovered that some viruses use Cul2 to form the complex, while others use Cul5. In the present study, we expanded our analyses to all sequenced adenoviruses and found that E4orf6 genes from all mast- and atadenoviruses encode proteins containing the motifs necessary to form the ligase complex. We found a clear separation in Cullin specificity between adenoviruses of great apes and Old/New World monkeys, lending support for a monkey origin for human viruses of the Human mastadenovirus A, F, and G species. We also identified previously unrecognized E4orf6 genes in the aviadenoviruses that encode proteins containing motifs permitting formation of the ubiquitin ligase.
Collapse
|
17
|
Khoshdel A, Parvin N, Doosti A, Famouri F. Prevalence of Nosocomial Diarrhea Due to Adenoviruses 40 and 41 in a Paediatric Ward in Iran. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH : JCDR 2016; 9:SC15-7. [PMID: 26816963 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/15353.6976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteric adenoviruses 40 (Ad40) and adenovirus 41 (Ad41) have been shown to be a significant cause of paediatric gastroenteritis worldwide, but no data are available for nosocomial diarrhea due to adenovirus in Iran. AIM The present study was performed to determine the incidence of Ad40 and Ad41 in children less than five years with nosocomial diarrhea in Shahrekord, southwest Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adenovirus was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in stool samples collected during one year (2010-2011) from children less than five years with nosocomial diarrhea admitted to a paediatric center in Shahrekord, Iran. Nosocomial diarrhea was defined as those occurring more than 72 hours after admission to hospital for non-diarrheal causes. PCR technique was used for investigation of Ad40 and Ad41. RESULTS In total of 100 samples, Ad40 and Ad41 DNA was found to be positive in 14/100 (14%), and 8/100 (8%) of diarrheic patients less than five years, respectively. CONCLUSION Ad40 and Ad41 are important causes of nosocomial diarrhea in less than five-year, hospitalized Iranian children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Khoshdel
- Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Neda Parvin
- Lecturer, Department of Nursing, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences , Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Abbas Doosti
- Assistant Professor, Department of Genetics, Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Branch , Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Famouri
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Kunze A, Dilcher M, Abd El Wahed A, Hufert F, Niessner R, Seidel M. On-Chip Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification on Flow-Based Chemiluminescence Microarray Analysis Platform for the Detection of Viruses and Bacteria. Anal Chem 2015; 88:898-905. [PMID: 26624222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This work presents an on-chip isothermal nucleic acid amplification test (iNAAT) for the multiplex amplification and detection of viral and bacterial DNA by a flow-based chemiluminescence microarray. In a principle study, on-chip recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) on defined spots of a DNA microarray was used to spatially separate the amplification reaction of DNA from two viruses (Human adenovirus 41, Phi X 174) and the bacterium Enterococcus faecalis, which are relevant for water hygiene. By establishing the developed assay on the microarray analysis platform MCR 3, the automation of isothermal multiplex-amplification (39 °C, 40 min) and subsequent detection by chemiluminescence imaging was realized. Within 48 min, the microbes could be identified by the spot position on the microarray while the generated chemiluminescence signal correlated with the amount of applied microbe DNA. The limit of detection (LOD) determined for HAdV 41, Phi X 174, and E. faecalis was 35 GU/μL, 1 GU/μL, and 5 × 10(3) GU/μL (genomic units), which is comparable to the sensitivity reported for qPCR analysis, respectively. Moreover the simultaneous amplification and detection of DNA from all three microbes was possible. The presented assay shows that complex enzymatic reactions like an isothermal amplification can be performed in an easy-to-use experimental setup. Furthermore, iNAATs can be potent candidates for multipathogen detection in clinical, food, or environmental samples in routine or field monitoring approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kunze
- Institute of Hydrochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich , Marchioninistrasse 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - M Dilcher
- Department of Virology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University Göttingen , Kreuzbergring 57, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Abd El Wahed
- Division of Microbiology and Animal Health, Georg-August-University Göttingen , Burckhardtweg 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - F Hufert
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane , Grossenhainer Strasse 57, D-01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - R Niessner
- Institute of Hydrochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich , Marchioninistrasse 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - M Seidel
- Institute of Hydrochemistry, Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich , Marchioninistrasse 17, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ziros PG, Kokkinos PA, Allard A, Vantarakis A. Development and Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay for the Detection of Adenovirus 40 and 41. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2015; 7:276-285. [PMID: 25649029 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-015-9182-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (hAdVs) of subgroup F (enteric serotypes 40 and 41) display characteristic gut tropism, in vivo, fastidious growth characteristics in cell culture, and are estimated to be associated with 5-20% worldwide of acute gastroenteritis cases among infants and young children. Adequate hAdV gastroenteritis case management requires laboratory-based diagnosis. The present study aimed to the development and evaluation of a simple and cost-effective, one-step, single-tube adenovirus type 40/41 specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of hAdV40/41 DNA in environmental and/or clinical samples, since no LAMP assay has previously been reported for the detection of these virus types. The assay targeted the hexon gene and had the advantages of being rapid, simple, specific, and sensitive. Results could be obtained within 60 min, under isothermal conditions at 69 °C. The detection limits for hAdV genomes were between 50 and 100 copies/reaction for hAdV40 and hAdV41, and no cross-reactions with other selected viruses, were found. The assay was evaluated with clinical as well as environmental samples. The developed assay is expected to provide a potential molecular tool in obtaining greater knowledge of the hAdV40/41 importance in the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of gastroenteritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P G Ziros
- Environmental Microbiology Unit, Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504, Rion, Greece
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Moyo SJ, Hanevik K, Blomberg B, Kommedal O, Nordbø SA, Maselle S, Langeland N. Prevalence and molecular characterisation of human adenovirus in diarrhoeic children in Tanzania; a case control study. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14:666. [PMID: 25495029 PMCID: PMC4266963 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-014-0666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adenovirus (HAdV) causes acute diarrhoea sporadically, as well as in outbreaks. Understanding the prevalence and types of HAdV in diarrhoea is important for control and preventive measures, especially in the African region where there is a high burden of diarrhoeal disease. The present study assessed the prevalence, molecular characteristics, seasonality and associated clinical features of HAdV infection Tanzanian children below two years of age with and without diarrhoea between 2010-2011. METHODS Stool specimens, demographic and clinical information were collected in 690 cases and 545 controls. All stool samples were screened for HAdV-antigen using ELISA. Positive samples subsequently underwent real-time PCR and sequencing for molecular typing. RESULTS HAdV was detected in 37 children, corresponding to a prevalence of 3.5% (24/690) in diarrhoeic and 2.4% (13/545) in non-diarrhoeic children (P > 0.05). Among HAdV-infected children, the median age was significantly lower in diarrhoeic than in non-diarrhoeic children (10 vs. 14 months, P˂0.001). More than half of HAdV infected (54.2%) were dehydrated as compared to diarrhoeic children without HAdV (45.8%, P = 0.01). The proportion of the enteric HAdV type 40/41 in diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic children was (50.0%, 12/24) and (46.2%, 6/13) respectively. Other HAdV types detected were; 1, 2, 7, 18, 19 and 31. The prevalence of adenovirus was not significantly different between rainy and dry seasons. HAdV was not detected in the 33 known HIV positive children. There was no significant association between HAdV infection and gender, nutritional status of the child and parent educational level. CONCLUSION The present study provides further evidence of the contribution of adenovirus in causing gastroenteritis in young children, with symptomatic infection being significantly more prevalent in children below one year. We found similar prevalence of adenovirus in non-diarrhoeic children and in diarrhoeic children. This first report on molecular epidemiology of human adenovirus in Tanzania observed diversity of HAdV types that circulate the study setting. The study findings suggest that HAdV is not an important cause of diarrhoea in young HIV-positive children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina John Moyo
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li L, Phan TG, Nguyen TA, Kim KS, Seo JK, Shimizu H, Suzuki E, Okitsu S, Ushijima H. Molecular Epidemiology of Adenovirus Infection among Pediatric Population with Diarrhea in Asia. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 49:121-8. [PMID: 15722597 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2005.tb03711.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A total of 3,577 fecal specimens from infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan, Korea and Vietnam during 1998 and 2001 were tested for adenovirus by the ELISA method. Of these, adenovirus was detected in 158 (4.4%). The detection rate of adenovirus was highest in Korea (8.7%, 20/231) followed by 5.0% (100/1,991) in Japan and 2.8% (38/1,355) in Vietnam. All adenoviruses were further serotyped by PCR-RFLP. The diversity of adenovirus serotypes including Ad2, 3, 5, 8, 31, 40 and 41 was demonstrated. Worth of note was a decrease in the rate of isolation of Ad40 (7.6%, 12/158) and a concomitant increase of Ad41 (63.9%, 101/158) to become the predominant serotype. Another interesting feature of the study was the presence of Ad3 (4.0% and 30%) and Ad8 (8.0% and 20%) in Japan and Korea, respectively, which is mainly associated with keratoconjunctivitis worldwide. Our result underscored the importance of adenovirus in association with acute gastroenteritis in Asian countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Institute of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
A single intraduodenal administration of human adenovirus 40 vaccine effectively prevents anaphylactic shock. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2013; 20:1508-16. [PMID: 23885027 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00417-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine administration into the intestine is known to induce mucosal tolerance most efficiently. Therefore, developing a delivery system that targets the intestinal mucosa is expected to improve the efficiency of immunosuppression. Human enteric adenovirus serotype 40 (Ad40)-based vectors have the advantage of targeting intestinal mucosa, making them prime candidates as mucosal vaccine carriers for immunosuppression. Here, after both oral and intraduodenal administrations, the vector distribution of replication-defective recombinant Ad40 vectors (rAd40) was significantly higher than that of a conventional Ad vector based on human adenovirus 5 (Ad5) in ilea containing Peyer's patches. Single intraduodenal administration of rAd40 induced antigen-specific mucosal immunoreaction mediated by intestinal mucosal and systemic immunity. In ovalbumin-induced allergy mouse models, this approach inhibited antigen-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, diarrhea occurrence, and systemic anaphylaxis. Thus, a single intraduodenal administration of rAd40 provides a potent method of inducing allergen-specific mucosal tolerance and a new allergen-specific immunotherapy for overcoming problems with current therapies against life-threatening allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.
Collapse
|
24
|
Yamasaki S, Miura Y, Davydova J, Vickers SM, Yamamoto M. Intravenous genetic mesothelin vaccine based on human adenovirus 40 inhibits growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:88-97. [PMID: 23233329 PMCID: PMC3658634 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
High pancreatic cancer mortality and poor prognosis are caused by the difficulty for early diagnosis and extremely low rates of resection because of metastasis. Mesothelin overexpression in pancreatic cancer is a remarkable biomarker for tumor progression, especially for invasion and metastasis. Here, we generated a novel replication-defective recombinant adenovirus 40 (rAd40), whose gene delivery properties are totally different from a conventional rAd5. In this study, we have identified intravenous administration with rAd40 expressing mouse mesothelin (Msln) as an effective prophylactic cancer vaccine against metastatic lesions of pancreatic cancer in mice. Intravenous administration of rAd40 (rAd40 i.v.) achieved transgene delivery in wider range of organs compared to rAd5 i.v., while rAd5 was distributed mainly to the liver, spleen, and lungs. Additionally, rAd40 i.v. showed less transduction of the liver or inflammatory responses, resulted in reduced liver toxicity compared to rAd5 i.v. Also, more robust systemic antigen-specific immune responses were stimulated by rAd40 i.v. Pretreatment with a single ovalbumin-expressing rAd40 i.v. prevented tumor growth in mouse subcutaneous models of ovalbumin-expressing pancreatic cancer. When used with Msln-expressing rAd40 i.v., Msln protein expression and metastases were suppressed in a syngeneic orthotopic mouse model of pancreatic cancer, corresponding to the detection of Msln- and tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL). Our novel methods generated antitumor effects against antigen-expressing tumors through antigen- and tumor-specific CTL-mediated immunity. Thus, our results indicate that a rAd40-based intravenous vaccine provides a new strategy for the effective control of metastatic pancreatic cancer and novel therapy against other cancers and infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshiaki Miura
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Julia Davydova
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Selwyn M. Vickers
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Masato Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
- Institute of Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dhurandhar NV. Prevalence of Ad36 infection in humans. J Clin Virol 2013; 57:261-2. [PMID: 23601664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
26
|
Viral Gastroenteritis. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2012. [PMCID: PMC7152319 DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-2702-9.00058-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
|
27
|
Siqueira-Silva J, Fenel D, Gout E, Yeda FP, Marinheiro JC, Barrella KM, Silva ML, Schoehn G, Harsi CM, Fender P. Generation and biological properties of a recombinant dodecahedron containing the short fiber protein of the human adenovirus 41. Intervirology 2011; 55:349-55. [PMID: 22057164 DOI: 10.1159/000330631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In order to gain further insight into the function of the enteric adenovirus short fiber (SF), we have constructed a recombinant dodecahedron containing the SF protein of HAdV-41 and the HAdV-3 penton base. METHODS Recombinant baculoviruses expressing the HAdV-41 SF protein and HAdV-3 penton base were cloned and amplified in Sf9 insect cells. Recombinant dodecahedra were expressed by coinfection of High Five™ cells with both baculoviruses, 72 h post-infection. Cell lysate was centrifuged on sucrose density gradient and the purified recombinant dodecahedra were recovered. RESULTS Analysis by negative staining electron microscopy demonstrated that chimeric dodecahedra made of the HAdV-3 penton base and decorated with the HAdV-41 SF were successfully generated. Next, recombinant dodecahedra were digested with pepsin and analyzed by Western blot. A 'site-specific' proteolysis of the HAdV-41 SF was observed, while the HAdV-3 penton base core was completely digested. CONCLUSION These results show that, in vitro, the HAdV-41 SF likely undergoes proteolysis in the gastrointestinal tract, its natural environment, which may facilitate the recognition of receptors in intestinal cells. The results obtained in the present study may be the basis for the development of gene therapy vectors towards the intestinal epithelium, as well as orally administered vaccine vectors, but also for the HAdV-41 SF partner identification.
Collapse
|
28
|
Rigotto C, Hanley K, Rochelle PA, De Leon R, Barardi CRM, Yates MV. Survival of adenovirus types 2 and 41 in surface and ground waters measured by a plaque assay. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:4145-4150. [PMID: 21480609 DOI: 10.1021/es103922r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To manage artificial recharge systems, it is necessary to understand the inactivation process of microorganisms within aquifers so that requirements regarding storage times and treatment strategies for ground and surface waters can be developed and modeled to improve water management practices. This study was designed to investigate the survival of representative adenoviruses in surface- and groundwaters using a cell culture plaque assay with human lung carcinoma cells (A549) to enumerate surviving viruses. Adenovirus types 2 (Ad2) and 41 (Ad41) were seeded into 50 mL of three sterilized surface waters and groundwaters, and incubated at 10 and 19 °C for up to 301 days. Concentrations of Ad2 and Ad41 were relatively stable in all waters at 10 °C for at least 160 days and in some instances up to 301 days. At 19 °C, virus concentrations were reduced by 99.99% (4 log) after 301 days in surface water. There was approximately 90% (1 log) reduction of both viruses at 19 °C after 160 days of incubation in groundwater samples. There was no overall difference in survival kinetics in surface waters compared to groundwaters. The relatively high stability and long-term survival of adenoviruses in environmental waters at elevated temperatures should be considered in risk assessment models and drinking water management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Rigotto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Glass RI, Bresee JS. Astroviruses, Enteric Adenoviruses, and Other Gastroenteritis Viral Infections. TROPICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES: PRINCIPLES, PATHOGENS AND PRACTICE 2011. [PMCID: PMC7149586 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-7020-3935-5.00063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
30
|
Circulation of a novel pattern of infections by enteric adenovirus serotype 41 among children below 5 years of age in Kolkata, India. J Clin Microbiol 2010; 49:500-5. [PMID: 21123530 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01834-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus of strains subgenus F (AdV F) are the most common strains detected in acute gastroenteritis cases in developing countries. Subgenus F is represented by AdV serotype 40 (AdV-40) and AdV-41. Most of the reports have described the predominance of AdV-41 in acute gastroenteritis cases. To gain insight into the epidemiology and genetic variation of AdV-41 strains, we analyzed 1,053 stool specimens from children with diarrhea. Among them, 42 (4.0%) and 56 (5.3%) were positive for enteric adenovirus 40/41 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and PCR, respectively. For 1,305 asymptomatic children, 9 (0.7%) and 22 (1.7%) samples were positive for enteric adenovirus 40/40 by ELISA and PCR, respectively. The age distribution revealed a higher frequency (90%) in children <24 months of age. AdV F infection was observed at a low frequency throughout the year, with an increased incidence occurring during February and March. Sequence analysis of one to three hypervariable regions (HVRs) of the hexon genes of 16 representative AdV-41 strains in this study confirmed circulation of a unique strain with genomic type cluster 1 (GTC1)/GTC2. However, sequence analysis of the fiber genes of these strains confirmed 15 amino acid deletions from the 15th repeat motif of the shaft region. The existence of two GTCs reflects the accumulation of amino acid mutations in the HVR of the hexon gene. The novel AdV-41 strain might follow the same infection pattern as AdV-40. There is no significant variation in the sequences of hexon and fiber genes among strains from symptomatic and asymptomatic children. Our data confirm the circulation of an AdV-41 strain with a novel pattern in Kolkata, India, among children below 5 years of age.
Collapse
|
31
|
Effect of host cells on low- and medium-pressure UV inactivation of adenoviruses. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:7068-75. [PMID: 20851976 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00185-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UV disinfection is highly effective against most pathogens, with the exception of the adenoviruses (AD). To date, many studies have focused on low-pressure (LP) UV inactivation of AD, but little is known about the effect of medium-pressure (MP) UV inactivation of AD. Despite numerous studies of LP UV inactivation of AD, extreme variabilities in the LP UV dose requirements of AD had been observed because of differing experimental conditions used, such as the types of cell lines used for AD enumeration. This study therefore investigates the effect of three different host cell lines (PLC/PRF/5, human embryonic kidney 293 [HEK293], and XP17BE) on the LP and MP UV dose requirements of AD serotype 5 (AD5), AD40, and AD41 under similar experimental settings. Results showed that for 4-log inactivation of AD, LP UV and MP UV doses needed to be in the ranges of 123 to 182 mJ/cm² and 65 to 90 mJ/cm², respectively, when HEK293 and PLC/PRF/5 cells were used for enumeration. The UV doses required for MP UV inactivation of AD were significantly lower than those required for LP UV inactivation (P value < 0.05). When different cell lines were used for enumeration, UV dose requirements for AD differed. AD were portrayed to be most susceptible to UV (LP UV doses of <57 mJ/cm² and MP UV doses of <42 mJ/cm² for 4-log AD inactivation) when the XP17BE cells were used as the host cell. The use of different cell lines for AD enumeration affected LP UV dose results more significantly than MP UV dose results (P value < 0.05). Cell line variability factors for LP UV disinfection (CL(LP)) and MP UV disinfection (CL(MP)) for AD5, AD40, and AD41 enumerated with HEK293, PLC/PRF/5, and XP17BE cells were in the ranges of 1.0 to 3.2 and 1.0 to 2.5, respectively.
Collapse
|
32
|
Walsh MP, Seto J, Tirado D, Chodosh J, Schnurr D, Seto D, Jones MS. Computational analysis of human adenovirus serotype 18. Virology 2010; 404:284-92. [PMID: 20542532 PMCID: PMC2902685 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The genome of the sole remaining unsequenced member of species A, human adenovirus type 18 (HAdV-A18), has been sequenced and analyzed. Members of species A are implicated as gastrointestinal pathogens and were shown to be tumorigenic in rodents. These whole genome and in silico proteome data are important as references for reexamining and integrating earlier work and observations based on lower resolution techniques, such as restriction enzyme digestion patterns, particularly for hypotheses based on pre-genomics data. Additionally, the genome of HAdV-A18 will also serve as reference for current studies examining the molecular evolution and origins of human and simian adenoviruses, particularly genome recombination studies. Applications of this virus as a potential vector for gene delivery protocols may be practical as data accumulate on this and other adenovirus genomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Walsh
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, George Mason University. 10900 University Blvd., MSN 5B3, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Jason Seto
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, George Mason University. 10900 University Blvd., MSN 5B3, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Damaris Tirado
- Clinical Investigation Facility, David Grant USAF Medical Center. Travis, CA 94535, USA
| | - James Chodosh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Howe Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School. Boston, MA 02114. USA
| | - David Schnurr
- Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, California, United States of America
| | - Donald Seto
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, George Mason University. 10900 University Blvd., MSN 5B3, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Morris S. Jones
- Clinical Investigation Facility, David Grant USAF Medical Center. Travis, CA 94535, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Molecular characterization of adenovirus detected from fecal samples obtained from children in the Central West region of Brazil. Arch Virol 2010; 155:1693-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-010-0748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
34
|
Yamasaki S, Miura Y, Brown E, Davydova J, Yamamoto M. Development of a method for effective amplification of human adenovirus 40. Arch Virol 2010; 155:1059-68. [PMID: 20490608 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-010-0683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Human adenovirus 40 (Ad40) is an interesting candidate for vector construction because of its tropism for the gastrointestinal tract. Although effective preparation of the vector is necessary for its in vivo application, amplification of Ad40 has been very difficult. Ad40 E1 deletion mutants were detected by PCR in the viral DNA from Ad40 Dugan amplified by Ad5 E1-expressing human embryonic kidney (293) cells and in Ad40 Dugan plaques observed with Ad5 E1-expressing human retinoblastic cells. For the purpose of generating a single wild-type Ad40 clone, the entire Ad40 DNA was cloned into a plasmid by homologous recombination. A pure Ad40 was successfully generated by plasmid transfection and subsequently amplified with Ad5 E4orf6-inducible 293 (2V6.11) cells. 2V6.11 is an apposite cell line for effective Ad40 amplification and for future vector construction because Ad40 genetic integrity was maintained with this Ad5 E1 and E4orf6 trans-complementing cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamasaki
- Department of Surgery, Division of Basic and Translational Research, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Siqueira-Silva J, Yeda FP, Favier AL, Mezin P, Silva ML, Barrella KM, Mehnert DU, Fender P, Hársi CM. Infection kinetics of human adenovirus serotype 41 in HEK 293 cells. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 104:736-44. [PMID: 19820835 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000500013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to acquire an overview of the infectious cycle of HAdV-41 in permissive HEK 293 cells and compare it to that observed with the prototype of the genus, Human adenovirus C HAdV-2. HEK 293 cells were infected with each virus separately and were harvested every 12 h for seven days. Infection kinetics were analysed using confocal and electronic microscopy. The results show that, when properly cultivated, HAdV-41 was not fastidious. It had a longer multiplication cycle, which resulted in the release of complete viral particles and viral stocks reached high titres. After 60 h of infection, the export of viral proteins from the infected cell to the extracellular milieu was observed, with a pattern similar to that previously described for HAdV-2 penton-base trafficking after 30 h of infection. HAdV-41 had a non-lytic cycle and the infection spread from the first infected cell to its neighbours. The release process of the viral particles is unknown. The results observed for HAdV-41 infection in HEK 293 cells show how different this virus is from the prototype HAdV-2 and provides information for the development of this vector for use in gene therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joselma Siqueira-Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Adenovírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sdiri-Loulizi K, Gharbi-Khelifi H, de Rougemont A, Hassine M, Chouchane S, Sakly N, Pothier P, Guédiche MN, Aouni M, Ambert-Balay K. Molecular epidemiology of human astrovirus and adenovirus serotypes 40/41 strains related to acute diarrhea in Tunisian children. J Med Virol 2009; 81:1895-902. [PMID: 19774695 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Human astrovirus (AstV) and adenovirus types 40 and 41 (AdV 40/41) are responsible for epidemic and endemic acute gastroenteritis in children and adults. The present study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and genetic diversity of enteric viruses in children in Tunisia. A total of 788 fecal samples were collected during a 4-year period in the region of Monastir, from children under 12 years old, hospitalized or presenting in dispensaries with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. AstV and AdV40/41 were detected by immunoenzymatic methods and confirmed by PCR/RT-PCR and sequence analysis. Phylogenetic analyses were performed for nucleotide homology with reference strains. AstV and AdV40/41 were characterized as a causative agent in 28 (3.6%) and 18 (2.3%) of the fecal samples, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the AstVs belonged to the serotypes 3 (n = 4; 14.3%) and 1 (n = 24; 85.7%), and the enteric AdVs to the serotypes 40 (n = 1; 5.6%) and 41 (n = 17; 94.4%). This is the first report that describes the molecular epidemiology of AstV and AdV40/41 in Tunisian children. Their respective detection rate was very low, far below that of rotavirus and norovirus. The genetic diversity among these two viruses is relatively limited and varies depending on the area.
Collapse
|
37
|
Lu ZZ, Zou XH, Dong LX, Qu JG, Song JD, Wang M, Guo L, Hung T. Novel recombinant adenovirus type 41 vector and its biological properties. J Gene Med 2009; 11:128-38. [PMID: 19097028 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human adenovirus serotype 41 (Ad41) is a natural pathogen of the digestive tract and can cause gastroenteritis. There has been interest in reconstructing Ad41 as a gene delivery vector targeting the gastrointestinal tract, which is hampered by its fastidiousness. METHODS An Ad41 E1B55K-transduced 293 cell line (293E12) was established as the packaging cell line. A backbone plasmid (pAdbone41) and a shuttle plasmid (pSh41-CMV) were constructed based on the Ad41 genome. Replication-defective adenovirus (Ad41-GFP) was rescued in 293E12 after being transfected with the linearized adenoviral plasmid, which was generated by homologous recombination of pAdbone41 and the shuttle plasmid carrying the GFP gene in Escherichia coli strain BJ5183. The packaging ability of 293E12, the stability of the Ad41-GFP genome and the acid-resistant property of Ad41-GFP were all investigated. RESULTS A 293E12 cell could produce approximately 9000 viral particles of Ad41-GFP, which is close to the amount in the control virus (Ad5-GFP) amplified in one 293 cell. Ad41-GFP contained a genetically stable genome after being passaged eight times in 293E12 cells. More significantly, Ad41-GFP was more resistant to acid exposure than Ad5-GFP. It retained almost complete viability when exposed to hydrochloric acid with a pH value of 2 for 30 min, whereas Ad5-GFP lost 99% of its viability under the same conditions. Ad41-GFP was also more tolerant to treatment with artificial digestive fluid. CONCLUSIONS An Ad41 vector system was successfully constructed, which consisted of the backbone plasmid, shuttle plasmid and packaging cell line 293E12. This system can be utilized to generate genetically stable and acid-resistant recombinant Ad41 carrying any gene of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Zhuang Lu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mena KD, Gerba CP. Waterborne adenovirus. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2009; 198:133-167. [PMID: 19253037 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-09647-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Adenoviruses are associated with numerous disease outbreaks, particularly those involving d-cares, schools, children's camps, hospitals and other health care centers, and military settings. In addition, adenoviruses have been responsible for many recreational water outbreaks, including a great number of swimming pool outbreaks than any other waterborne virus (Gerba and Enriquez 1997). Two drinking water outbreaks have been documented for adenovirus (Divizia et al. 2004; Kukkula et al. 1997) but none for food. Of the 51 known adenovirus serotypes, one third are associated with human disease, while other infections are asymptomatic. Human disease associated with adenovirus infections include gastroenteritis, respiratory infections, eye infections, acute hemorrhagic cystitis, and meningoencephalitis (Table 2). Children and the immunocompromised are more severely impacted by adenovirus infections. Subsequently, adenovirus is included in the EPA's Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL), which is a list of unregulated contaminants found in public water systems that may pose a risk to public health (National Research Council 1999). Adenoviruses have been detected in various waters worldwide including wastewater, river water, oceans, and swimming pools (Hurst et al. 1988; Irving and Smith 1981; Pina et al. 1998). Adenoviruses typically outnumber the enteroviruses, when both are detected in surface waters. Chapron et al. (2000) found that 38% of 29 surface water samples were positive for infectious Ad40 and Ad41. Data are lacking regarding the occurrence of adenovirus in water in the US, particularly for groundwater and drinking water. Studies have shown, however, that adenoviruses survive longer in water than enteroviruses and hepatitis A virus (Enriquez et al. 1995), which may be due to their double-stranded DNA. Risk assessments have been conducted on waterborne adenovirus (Crabtree et al. 1997; van Heerden et al. 2005c). Using dose-response data for inhalation from Couch et al. (1966), human health risks of infection, illness and death have been determined for various adenovirus exposures. Crabtree et al. (1997) conclude that, even at an adenovirus concentration of 1 per 1,000 L of drinking water, annual risks of infection exceed the suggested risk recommendation of 1 x 10(-4) per yr (Regli et al. 1991) (Table 8). Using the same exposure and dose-response assumptions, van Heerden et al. (2005c) determined annual risks of infection to be 1-1.7 x 10(-1) for two drinking water samples from South Africa containing 1.40 and 2.45 adenoviruses per 10,000 L, respectively. This present study estimated annual risks of infection associated with varying levels of adenoviruses per 100 L (Table 9). By assuming a 2 L/d exposure and utilizing the exponential model at r = 0.4172 (Haas et al. 1993), yearly risks exceed the risk recommendation of 1 x 10(-4) at every exposure level. There are limited data regarding the removal of adenoviruses by conventional water treatment or other physical-chemical treatment processes, but studies do suggest that adenoviruses are of equal or greater sensitivity to oxidizing disinfectants, when compared to waterborne viruses (the most resistant to ultraviolet light). Data suggest that the chlorine doses applied to control other waterborne viruses are more effective against adenovirus, resulting in a greater than 4-log10 removal of adenoviruses by conventional treatment and chlorination. If treatment can achieve a 4-log10 removal of adenoviruses, then, based on the risk levels presented in Table 9, surface water concentrations should not exceed 0.5 adenoviruses per 100 L (Fig. 2). More data are needed regarding effectiveness of water treatment against adenovirus and the human-virus dose-response relationship to fully understand the role of adenovirus as a waterborne public health threat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina D Mena
- University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cromeans TL, Lu X, Erdman DD, Humphrey CD, Hill VR. Development of plaque assays for adenoviruses 40 and 41. J Virol Methods 2008; 151:140-5. [PMID: 18440077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Enteric adenoviruses, important agents of infantile gastroenteritis, are difficult to culture with low titers and limited CPE. Consequently, few plaque assays have been reported and none are used routinely by investigators who may need reproducible quantitative assays for these viruses. CPE in A549 cells (an epithelial lung carcinoma cell line) was induced by isolates of human adenovirus (HAdV) serotypes 40 or 41 that were obtained by prior limited passage in primary cynmolgous monkey kidney (pCMK), human embryonic kidney (HEK), and Graham 293 cells. CPE with HAdV 40 (Dugan strain) and HAdV 41 (Tak strain) inoculated in A549 cells was also observed. Monolayers of A549 cells were inoculated with a low multiplicity of infection (MOI) of the archived stock isolates and harvested at days 10-14 with full CPE. Subsequent passages were harvested in as few as 7 days with 100% CPE to prepare virus stocks for plaque assay. Large individual plaques under agarose overlay were picked prior to staining and clonal stocks prepared. Titers of final stock preparations after six to eight passages in A549 cells were in the range of 5 x 10(7)-1 x 10(8)PFU/ml, which provides adequate virus for quantitative recovery studies. The particle to infectivity (P:I) ratios of the early passages of virus stocks were in the range reported previously. The ratio of non-infectious to infectious particles decreased with successive passages of HAdVs 40 and 41 in A549 cells. The specificity of the assay was confirmed by neutralization of plaques with type-specific antisera. Furthermore, sequence analysis of the HAdVs 40 and 41 plaque forming stocks ruled out contamination with any other HAdVs. The plaque assay developed will be useful for evaluation of virus recovery methods from water, food or other environmental matrices, as well as determination of the efficacy of water treatment techniques for inactivation of these viruses.
Collapse
|
40
|
Human adenovirus type 52: a type 41 in disguise? J Virol 2008; 82:3809; author reply 3809-10. [PMID: 18334604 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02457-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
41
|
Wadell G, Allard A, Johansson M, Svensson L, Uhnoo I. Enteric adenoviruses. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 2007; 128:63-91. [PMID: 3036447 DOI: 10.1002/9780470513460.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The 41 serotypes of human adenoviruses are classified into six subgenera (A-F) with different tropisms. Enteric infections are caused in children by serotypes Ad40 and Ad41 of subgenus F. Serotypes Ad40 and Ad41 transform embryonic cells but cannot induce tumours in newborn hamsters. They differ from all other (established) human adenoviruses by being unable to replicate in conventional cell cultures. Ad40 and Ad41 grow in 293 cells (human embryonic kidney cells immortalized by transfection with the E1A, E1B regions of Ad5). In spite of the difficulty of isolating Ad40 and Ad41 they can be directly identified in stools by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and solid-phase immuno-electron microscopy. The amount of viral DNA in stool preparations is sufficient for identification by DNA restriction or dot-blot analysis. Adenoviruses have been associated with 7-17% of cases of diarrhoea in children. Ad40 and Ad41 cause diarrhoea throughout the year. Clinical features are watery stools, vomiting and moderately elevated temperature; respiratory symptoms are infrequent. The diarrhoea is protracted (mean 8.6 and 12.2 days for Ad40 and Ad41 respectively). Children with rotavirus diarrhoea vomited more frequently and had a higher temperature and diarrhoea of shorter duration. The impact of enteric adenoviruses in the aetiology of diarrhoea world-wide is not known but is accessible to investigation.
Collapse
|
42
|
Lemiale F, Haddada H, Nabel GJ, Brough DE, King CR, Gall JGD. Novel adenovirus vaccine vectors based on the enteric-tropic serotype 41. Vaccine 2006; 25:2074-84. [PMID: 17250935 PMCID: PMC2584667 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2006] [Revised: 11/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Replication-defective adenovirus vectors, primarily developed from serotype 5 (Ad5) viruses, have been widely used for gene transfer and vaccination approaches. Vectors based on other serotypes of adenovirus could be used in conjunction with, or in place of, Ad5 vectors. In this study, Ad41, an enteric adenovirus usually described as 'non-cultivable' or 'fastidious,' has been successfully cloned, rescued and propagated on 293-ORF6 cells. The complementation capabilities of this cell line allow generation of Ad41 vectors at titers comparable to those obtained for Ad5 vectors. Mice immunized with an Ad41 vector containing an HIV envelope (Env) gene mounted anti-Env cellular and humoral immune responses. Ad41-Env vectors appear to be particularly attractive when used in heterologous prime-boost regimens, where they induce significantly higher cellular immune responses to HIV-Env than Ad5-based regimens. Ad41-based constructs are attractive vaccine vectors alone or in combination with Ad5 adenovectors, since each vector type can provide circumvention of pre-existing immunity to the other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franck Lemiale
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Hedi Haddada
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Gary J. Nabel
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | | | | | - Jason G. D. Gall
- GenVec, Inc. Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA, 20878
- Corresponding author. 65 West Watkins Mill Road, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, 20878.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lecollinet S, Gavard F, Havenga MJE, Spiller OB, Lemckert A, Goudsmit J, Eloit M, Richardson J. Improved gene delivery to intestinal mucosa by adenoviral vectors bearing subgroup B and d fibers. J Virol 2006; 80:2747-59. [PMID: 16501084 PMCID: PMC1395461 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.80.6.2747-2759.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A major obstacle to successful oral vaccination is the lack of antigen delivery systems that are both safe and highly efficient. Conventional replication-incompetent adenoviral vectors, derived from human adenoviruses of subgroup C, are poorly efficient in delivering genetic material to differentiated intestinal epithelia. To date, 51 human adenovirus serotypes have been identified and shown to recognize different cellular receptors with different tissue distributions. This natural diversity was exploited in the present study to identify suitable adenoviral vectors for efficient gene delivery to the human intestinal epithelium. In particular, we compared the capacities of a library of adenovirus type 5-based vectors pseudotyped with fibers of several human serotypes for transduction, binding, and translocation toward the basolateral pole in human and murine tissue culture models of differentiated intestinal epithelia. In addition, antibody-based inhibition was used to gain insight into the molecular interactions needed for efficient attachment. We found that vectors differing merely in their fiber proteins displayed vastly different capacities for gene transfer to differentiated human intestinal epithelium. Notably, vectors bearing fibers derived from subgroup B and subgroup D serotypes transduced the apical pole of human epithelium with considerably greater efficiency than a subgroup C vector. Such efficiency was correlated with the capacity to use CD46 or sialic acid-containing glycoconjugates as opposed to CAR as attachment receptors. These results suggest that substantial gains could be made in gene transfer to digestive epithelium by exploiting the tropism of existing serotypes of human adenoviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Lecollinet
- UMR01161 ENVA-INRA-AFSSA de Virologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, 7 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94704 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Molecular Virology of Enteric Viruses (with Emphasis on Caliciviruses). VIRUSES IN FOODS 2006:43-100. [PMCID: PMC7120911 DOI: 10.1007/0-387-29251-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
|
45
|
Suparno C, Milligan DW, Moss PAH, Mautner V. Adenovirus infections in stem cell transplant recipients: recent developments in understanding of pathogenesis, diagnosis and management. Leuk Lymphoma 2004; 45:873-85. [PMID: 15291344 DOI: 10.1080/10428190310001628176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus is increasingly recognized as an important pathogen in stem cell transplant recipients, reflecting increased awareness about the virus, together with changes in transplant practice such as the performance of more high-risk transplants, and improvements in diagnostic methods. In retrospective studies, the reported incidence of adenovirus infections ranged between 4-20% with a similar variation in the proportion of patients developing invasive disease. In contrast, the incidence of adenovirus infection varies between 20-30% in recent prospective studies on T-cell depleted or mismatched allografts and about 30-40% of these patients develop invasive disease. These prospective studies have established a relationship between the risk of invasive adenovirus disease and a number of factors such as the extent of T-cell depletion, the intensity of immunosuppressive therapy and the kinetics of lymphocyte recovery post-transplant. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect adenovirus DNA in peripheral blood have shown a strong correlation between viremia and the risk of disseminated adenovirus disease. These developments have led to the possibility of a preemptive antiviral treatment strategy for asymptomatic adenovirus infections. In addition, a better understanding of the interactions between adenovirus and host immune system in the post-transplant setting might enable development of effective immunotherapeutic strategies against adenovirus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chakrabarti Suparno
- Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li L, Shimizu H, Doan LTP, Tung PG, Okitsu S, Nishio O, Suzuki E, Seo JK, Kim KS, Müller WEG, Ushijima H. Characterizations of adenovirus type 41 isolates from children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan, Vietnam, and Korea. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:4032-9. [PMID: 15364986 PMCID: PMC516313 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.42.9.4032-4039.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and antigenic characterizations of 70 strains of adenovirus type 41 (Ad41), isolated between 1998 and 2001 from children in Japan, Vietnam, and Korea, were done by DNA restriction enzyme (RE) analysis, sequencing analysis, and monoclonal antibody (MAb)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Eight genome types were observed in the present study, among which D25, D26, D27, and D28 were novel genome types. These eight genome types were divided into two genome-type clusters (GTCs) based on phylogenetic analysis of the hypervariable regions (HVRs) of the hexon. GTC1 includes D1, D25, D26, D27, and D28, and the GTC2 contains D4, D12, and D22. The amino acid homologies among the members within a GTC were 97 to 100%, whereas between the members of different GTCs the homologies were 92 to 94%. The specificity of the GTC classification was confirmed by ELISA with MAb 1F, which was selected by the Ad41 prototype Tak strain. It was found that only the isolates of GTC1 but not of GTC2 reacted with MAb 1F. These results suggest that Ad41 isolates from the three countries should be classified into two subtypes. The accumulation of amino acid mutations located in HVRs of hexon are indicative for the classification of Ad41 subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Developmental Medical Sciences, Institute of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Favier AL, Burmeister WP, Chroboczek J. Unique physicochemical properties of human enteric Ad41 responsible for its survival and replication in the gastrointestinal tract. Virology 2004; 322:93-104. [PMID: 15063120 PMCID: PMC7172780 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2003] [Revised: 12/08/2003] [Accepted: 01/13/2004] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Human enteric adenovirus Ad41 is associated with children gastroenteritis. To infect gastrointestinal cells, the invading virus must be acid-stable and resistant to inactivation by bile salts and proteases. In addition, it has to cross the mucus barrier before it infects mucosa cells. We show that Ad41 infectivity is not diminished by acid exposure, a condition limiting the infectivity of the respiratory Ad. This feature can be attributed to a large extent to the global basic charge of enteric Ad virions and to the stability of Ad41 fiber, a viral protein mediating virus attachment. Upon exposure to pH shock, the respiratory Ad2 loses its ability to interact with lipids while enteric Ad41 still binds to the major phospholipids of gastric and intestine mucus. In addition, contrary to respiratory Ad, enteric Ad41 interacts with several sphingolipid components of plasma membranes. These results show that the molecular bases of the Ad41 enteric tropism stem from its particular physicochemical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wilhelm P Burmeister
- Virologie Moléculaire et Structurale, UFR de Pharmacie, Université Joseph Fourier, et EMBL, Grenoble, France
| | - Jadwiga Chroboczek
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, 38027 Grenoble Cedex 1, France
- Corresponding author. Institut de Biologie Structurale, 41, rue Jules Horowitz, 38027 Grenoble Cedex 1, France. Fax: +33-4-38-78-54-94.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bányai K, Máté Z, Adám E, Uj M, Nász I, Szücs G. Screening adenoviruses in stool samples: evaluation of a genus-specific monoclonal antibody based enzyme immunoassay. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 2003; 50:23-32. [PMID: 12793198 DOI: 10.1556/amicr.50.2003.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To screen fecal samples for adenovirus antigens a genus-specific monoclonal antibody based enzyme immunoassay was developed. In a comparative analysis with commercial latex agglutination test, high sensitivity was demonstrated. The assay did not detect other viruses usually found in faeces suggesting its specificity. One hundred and eighty stool samples collected in Baranya County were tested and 13 (7.2%) of them showed reactivity. The application of our immunoassay combined with other, more sophisticated methods may help us to determine the serotype specificity of these adenovirus isolates and assess the importance of adenoviruses in viral gastroenteritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Bányai
- Regional Laboratory of Virology, Baranya County Institute, State Public Health Service, Szabadságút 7, P.O. Box 47, H-7601 Pécs, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
de Jong J. III, 2. Epidemiology of enteric adenoviruses 40 and 41 and other adenoviruses in immunocompetent and immunodeficient individuals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-7069(03)09025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
|
50
|
Saderi H, Roustai MH, Sabahi F, Sadeghizadeh M, Owlia P, De Jong JC. Incidence of enteric adenovirus gastroenteritis in Iranian children. J Clin Virol 2002; 24:1-5. [PMID: 11744422 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(01)00206-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteric adenoviruses, i.e. adenovirus 40 (Ad40) and adenovirus 41 (Ad41), have been shown to be a substantial cause of pediatric gastroenteritis in various parts of the world, but no data are available for Iran. OBJECTIVE The present study was performed to determine the incidence of enteric adenoviruses in children presenting to the Children's Medical Center with gastroenteritis in Iran. STUDY DESIGN Stool specimens from 872 children less than 7 years of age attending the Children's Medical Center in Tehran, Iran, with gastroenteritis were tested for the presence of Ad40, Ad41, and adenovirus-genus by a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION 6.7% of stool specimens contained enteric adenoviruses (3.3% Ad40 and 3.4% Ad41) and 2.0% nonenteric adenoviruses. Mean ages of Ad40, Ad41 and NEAd-positive children were 21, 19 and 29 months, respectively. Among the adenovirus-positive patients, 53.9% were male and 46.1% female. Watery diarrhea was present in 86.4% of children infected by adenoviruses. In conclusion, for the first time, we demonstrated the presence of enteric and nonenteric adenoviruses in a considerable proportion of stool samples from Iranian children with gastroenteritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Saderi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Keshavarz Blvd. Dehkade Ave. No. 29, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|