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Wang W, Chen Y, Wu L, Zhang Y, Yoo S, Chen Q, Liu S, Hou Y, Chen XP, Chen Q, Zhu J. HBV genome-enriched single cell sequencing revealed heterogeneity in HBV-driven hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:134. [PMID: 35710421 PMCID: PMC9205089 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is heterogeneous and frequently contains multifocal tumors, but how the multifocal tumors relate to each other in terms of HBV integration and other genomic patterns is not clear. METHODS To interrogate heterogeneity of HBV-HCC, we developed a HBV genome enriched single cell sequencing (HGE-scSeq) procedure and a computational method to identify HBV integration sites and infer DNA copy number variations (CNVs). RESULTS We performed HGE-scSeq on 269 cells from four tumor sites and two tumor thrombi of a HBV-HCC patient. HBV integrations were identified in 142 out of 269 (53%) cells sequenced, and were enriched in two HBV integration hotspots chr1:34,397,059 (CSMD2) and chr8:118,557,327 (MED30/EXT1). There were also 162 rare integration sites. HBV integration sites were enriched in DNA fragile sites and sequences around HBV integration sites were enriched for microhomologous sequences between human and HBV genomes. CNVs were inferred for each individual cell and cells were grouped into four clonal groups based on their CNVs. Cells in different clonal groups had different degrees of HBV integration heterogeneity. All of 269 cells carried chromosome 1q amplification, a recurrent feature of HCC tumors, suggesting that 1q amplification occurred before HBV integration events in this case study. Further, we performed simulation studies to demonstrate that the sequential events (HBV infecting transformed cells) could result in the observed phenotype with biologically reasonable parameters. CONCLUSION Our HGE-scSeq data reveals high heterogeneity of HCC tumor cells in terms of both HBV integrations and CNVs. There were two HBV integration hotspots across cells, and cells from multiple tumor sites shared some HBV integration and CNV patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave., New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Yan Chen
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | | | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Seungyeul Yoo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave., New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave., New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- The Hepatic Surgery Centre at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- The Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine at Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Ave., New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA.
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Histone Methyltransferase G9a-Promoted Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Is Targeted by Liver-Specific Hsa-miR-122. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102376. [PMID: 34069116 PMCID: PMC8157135 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Targeting epigenetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) provides therapeutic options in addition to traditional treatments. The aim of our study was to evaluate the potential of targeting histone methyltransferase G9a in the development of a therapeutic target. We confirmed the prognostic values of mRNA and protein levels of G9a expression in HCC respectively from public database and tissue microarray. We also confirmed the aggressive phenotypes supported by G9a in both HBV+ and HBV− HCC cells. The identification of a regulation axis between liver-specific tumor suppressor miR-122 and G9a further supported the important roles of G9a during the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. Combination of lower miR-122 and higher G9a levels may provide prognostic potential for poor clinical outcomes and therapeutic potential for epigenetic targeting therapies. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the majority of primary liver cancers, which is the second most lethal tumor worldwide. Epigenetic deregulation is a common trait observed in HCC. Recently, increasing evidence suggested that the G9a histone methyltransferase might be a novel regulator of HCC development. However, several HCC cell lines were recently noted to have HeLa cell contamination or to have been derived from non-hepatocellular origin, suggesting that functional validation of G9a in proper HCC models is still required. Herein, we first confirmed that higher G9a messenger RNA and protein expression levels were correlated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates of HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and our recruited HCC cohort. In an in vitro functional evaluation of HCC cells, HCC36 (hepatitis B virus-positive (HBV+) and Mahlavu (HBV−)) cells showed that G9a participated in promoting cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration/invasion abilities. Moreover, orthotopic inoculation of G9a-depleted Mahlavu cells in NOD-SCID mice also resulted in a significantly decreased tumor burden compared to the control group. Furthermore, after surveying microRNA (miRNA; miR) prediction databases, we identified the liver-specific miR-122 as a G9a-targeting miRNA. In various HCC cell lines, we observed that miR-122 expression levels tended to be inversely correlated to G9a expression levels. In clinical HCC specimens, a significant inverse correlation of miR-122 and G9a mRNA expression levels was also observed. Functionally, the colony formation and invasive ability were attenuated in miR-122-overexpressing HCC cells. HCC patients with low miR-122 and high G9a expression levels had the worst OS and DFS rates compared to others. Together, our results confirmed the importance of altered G9a expression during HCC progression and discovered that a novel liver-specific miR-122-G9a regulatory axis exists.
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Kawamoto M, Yamaji T, Saito K, Shirasago Y, Satomura K, Endo T, Fukasawa M, Hanada K, Osada N. Identification of Characteristic Genomic Markers in Human Hepatoma HuH-7 and Huh7.5.1-8 Cell Lines. Front Genet 2020; 11:546106. [PMID: 33193621 PMCID: PMC7581915 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.546106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The human hepatoma-derived HuH-7 cell line and its derivatives (Huh7.5 and Huh7.5.1) have been widely used as a convenient experimental substitute for primary hepatocytes. In particular, these cell lines represent host cells suitable for propagating the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in vitro. The Huh7.5.1-8 cell line, a subline of Huh7.5.1, can propagate HCV more efficiently than its parental cells. To provide genomic information for cells' quality control, we performed whole-genome sequencing of HuH-7 and Huh7.5.1-8 and identified their characteristic genomic deletions, some of which are applicable to an in-house test for cell authentication. Among the genes related to HCV infection and replication, 53 genes were found to carry missense or loss-of-function mutations likely specific to the HuH-7 and/or Huh7.5.1-8. Eight genes, including DDX58 (RIG-I), BAX, EP300, and SPP1 (osteopontin), contained mutations observed only in Huh7.5.1-8 or mutations with higher frequency in Huh7.5.1-8. These mutations might be relevant to phenotypic differences between the two cell lines and may also serve as genetic markers to distinguish Huh7.5.1-8 cells from the ancestral HuH-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kawamoto
- Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamaji
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Saito
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Shirasago
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Satomura
- Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshinori Endo
- Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Fukasawa
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hanada
- Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Osada
- Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Station for Big Data and Cybersecurity, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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4
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Liu Y, Cheng J, Siejka-Zielińska P, Weldon C, Roberts H, Lopopolo M, Magri A, D'Arienzo V, Harris JM, McKeating JA, Song CX. Accurate targeted long-read DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation sequencing with TAPS. Genome Biol 2020; 21:54. [PMID: 32127008 PMCID: PMC7053107 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-01969-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We present long-read Tet-assisted pyridine borane sequencing (lrTAPS) for targeted base-resolution sequencing of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in regions up to 10 kb from nanogram-level input. Compatible with both Oxford Nanopore and PacBio Single-Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing, lrTAPS detects methylation with accuracy comparable to short-read Illumina sequencing but with long-range epigenetic phasing. We applied lrTAPS to sequence difficult-to-map regions in mouse embryonic stem cells and to identify distinct methylation events in the integrated hepatitis B virus genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Liu
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Jingfei Cheng
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Paulina Siejka-Zielińska
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Carika Weldon
- Oxford Genomics Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Hannah Roberts
- Oxford Genomics Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Maria Lopopolo
- Oxford Genomics Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Andrea Magri
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Valentina D'Arienzo
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - James M Harris
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Jane A McKeating
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Chun-Xiao Song
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
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Budzinska MA, Shackel NA, Urban S, Tu T. Cellular Genomic Sites of Hepatitis B Virus DNA Integration. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E365. [PMID: 30037029 PMCID: PMC6071206 DOI: 10.3390/genes9070365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is one of the strongest risk-factors for liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC). One of the reported drivers of HCC is the integration of HBV DNA into the host cell genome, which may induce pro-carcinogenic pathways. These reported pathways include: induction of chromosomal instability; generation of insertional mutagenesis in key cancer-associated genes; transcription of downstream cancer-associated cellular genes; and/or formation of a persistent source of viral protein expression (particularly HBV surface and X proteins). The contribution of each of these specific mechanisms towards carcinogenesis is currently unclear. Here, we review the current knowledge of specific sites of HBV DNA integration into the host genome, which sheds light on these mechanisms. We give an overview of previously-used methods to detect HBV DNA integration and the enrichment of integration events in specific functional and structural cellular genomic sites. Finally, we posit a theoretical model of HBV DNA integration during disease progression and highlight open questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas A Shackel
- Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2050, Australia.
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool NSW 2170, Australia.
- Gastroenterology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool NSW 2170, Australia.
| | - Stephan Urban
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg Hospital University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Tu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, Heidelberg Hospital University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Haga Y, Kanda T, Nakamoto S, Nakamura M, Sasaki R, Wu S, Yokosuka O. Interferon induces interleukin 8 and bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 expression, inhibiting the production of hepatitis B virus surface antigen from human hepatocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:858-863. [PMID: 28363866 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) loss is one of the treatment goals of chronic HBV infection. Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2) is one of the interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs) and inhibits the release of various enveloped viruses. Here we examined the effects of antiviral treatment on HBsAg levels and its intracellular mechanism in HBsAg-producing hepatocytes. In PLC/PRF/5 and Huh1, IFNα-2a treatment decreased HBsAg levels in their conditioned media. Upregulation of interleukin 8 (IL8), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP10) mRNAs was associated with the reduction of HBsAg in both PLC/PRF/5 and Huh1. The HBsAg level was upregulated by knockdown of IL8, TLR2 or IP10. Exogenous addition of IL8 enhanced BST2 promoter activity and BST2 mRNA expression. Additionally, knockdown of IL8 could lead to the downregulation of BST2 mRNA. Transfection of poly(I-C) enhanced IL8 and BST2 mRNA expression and inhibited HBsAg secretion from PLC/PRF/5 cells. In conclusion, IL8 might play an important role in the enhancement of BST2 and be involved in HBsAg eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Haga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
| | - Shingo Nakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Department of Molecular Virology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masato Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Reina Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokosuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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Carraz M, Lavergne C, Jullian V, Wright M, Gairin JE, Gonzales de la Cruz M, Bourdy G. Antiproliferative activity and phenotypic modification induced by selected Peruvian medicinal plants on human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 166:185-199. [PMID: 25701751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The high incidence of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Peru and the wide use of medicinal plants in this country led us to study the activity against HCC cells in vitro of somes species used locally against liver and digestive disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethnopharmacological survey: Medicinal plant species with a strong convergence of use for liver and digestive diseases were collected fresh in the wild or on markets, in two places of Peru: Chiclayo (Lambayeque department, Chiclayo province) and Huaraz (Ancash department, Huaraz province). Altogether 51 species were collected and 61 ethanol extracts were prepared to be tested. Biological assessment: All extracts were first assessed against the HCC cell line Hep3B according a 3-step multi-parametric phenotypic assay. It included 1) the evaluation of phenotypic changes on cells by light microscopy, 2) the measurement of the antiproliferative activity and 3) the analysis of the cytoskeleton and mitosis by immunofluorescence. Best extracts were further assessed against other HCC cell lines HepG2, PLC/PRF/5 and SNU-182 and their toxicity measured in vitro on primary human hepatocytes. RESULTS Ethnopharmacological survey: Some of the species collected had a high reputation spreading over the surveyed locations for treating liver problems, i.e. Baccharis genistelloides, Bejaria aestuans, Centaurium pulchellum, Desmodium molliculum, Dipsacus fullonum, Equisetum bogotense, Gentianella spp., Krameria lapacea, Otholobium spp., Schkuhria pinnata, Taraxacum officinale. Hep3B evaluation: Fourteen extracts from 13 species (Achyrocline alata, Ambrosia arborescens, Baccharis latifolia, Hypericum laricifolium, Krameria lappacea, Niphidium crassifolium, Ophryosporus chilca, Orthrosanthus chimboracensis, Otholobium pubescens, Passiflora ligularis, Perezia coerulescens, Perezia multiflora and Schkuhria pinnata) showed a significant antiproliferative activity against Hep3B cells (IC50≤ 50µg/mL). This was associated with a lack of toxicity on primary human hepatocytes in vitro. Immunofluorescence experiments on Hep3B cells showed that crude extracts of Schkuhria pinnata and Orthrosanthus chimboracensis could block Hep3B cells in mitosis with an original phenotype. Crude extracts of Perezia coerulescens, Perezia multiflora, Achyrocline alata, Ophryosporus chilca, Otholobium pubescens and Hypericum laricifolium could modify the overall microtubule cytoskeletal dynamics of Hep3B cells in interphase by an original mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Our method allowed us to select 9 extracts which displayed antiproliferative activities associated with original cellular phenotypes on Hep3B cells, regarding known microtubule-targeting drugs. Both chemical and cellular studies are ongoing in order to elucidate natural compounds and cellular mechanisms responsible of the activities described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëlle Carraz
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV; Université Toulouse 3; Faculté, des Sciences Pharmaceutiques; 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement; IRD; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France.
| | - Cédric Lavergne
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV; Université Toulouse 3; Faculté, des Sciences Pharmaceutiques; 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Valérie Jullian
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV; Université Toulouse 3; Faculté, des Sciences Pharmaceutiques; 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement; IRD; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV, Mission IRD, Casilla 18-1209 Lima, Peru
| | - Michel Wright
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV; Université Toulouse 3; Faculté, des Sciences Pharmaceutiques; 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; Centre Nationalde la Recherche Scientifique; CNRS; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV; Faculté, des Sciences Pharmaceutiques; 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Jean Edouard Gairin
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV; Université Toulouse 3; Faculté, des Sciences Pharmaceutiques; 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | | | - Geneviève Bourdy
- Université de Toulouse; UPS; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV; Université Toulouse 3; Faculté, des Sciences Pharmaceutiques; 35 Chemin des Maraîchers, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement; IRD; UMR 152 Pharma-DEV, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
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Al-Qubaisi M, Rozita R, Yeap SK, Omar AR, Ali AM, Alitheen NB. Selective cytotoxicity of goniothalamin against hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. Molecules 2011; 16:2944-59. [PMID: 21471934 PMCID: PMC6260619 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16042944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer has become one of the major types of cancer with high mortality and liver cancer is not responsive to the current cytotoxic agents used in chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the in vitro cytotoxicity of goniothalamin on human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells and normal liver Chang cells. The cytotoxicity of goniothalamin against HepG2 and liver Chang cell was tested using MTT cell viability assay, LDH leakage assay, cell cycle flow cytometry PI analysis, BrdU proliferation ELISA assay and trypan blue dye exclusion assay. Goniothalamin selectively inhibited HepG2 cells [IC50 = 4.6 (±0.23) µM in the MTT assay; IC50 = 5.20 (±0.01) µM for LDH assay at 72 hours], with less sensitivity in Chang cells [IC50 = 35.0 (±0.09) µM for MTT assay; IC50 = 32.5 (±0.04) µM for LDH assay at 72 hours]. In the trypan blue dye exclusion assay, the Viability Indexes were 52 ± 1.73% for HepG2 cells and 62 ± 4.36% for Chang cells at IC50 after 72 hours. Cytotoxicity of goniothalamin was related to inhibition of DNA synthesis, as revealed by the reduction of BrdU incorporation. At 72 hours, the lowest concentration of goniothalamin (2.3 µL) retained 97.6% of normal liver Chang cells proliferation while it reduced HepG2 cell proliferation to 19.8% as compared to control. Besides, goniothalamin caused accumulation of hypodiploid apoptosis and different degree of G2/M arrested as shown in cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry. Goniothalamin selectively killed liver cancer cell through suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. These results suggest that goniothalamin shows potential cytotoxicity against hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mothanna Al-Qubaisi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rosli Rozita
- Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Swee-Keong Yeap
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul-Rahman Omar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul-Manaf Ali
- Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, University Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Kampus Kota, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan B. Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: or ; Tel.: +603-8946 7471; Fax: +603-8946 7510
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Detection of EBV, HBV, HCV, HIV-1, HTLV-I and -II, and SMRV in human and other primate cell lines. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:904767. [PMID: 20454443 PMCID: PMC2861168 DOI: 10.1155/2010/904767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of contaminated cell cultures suggests that viral contaminations might be distributed among cultures. We investigated more than 460 primate cell lines for Epstein-Barr (EBV), hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus I and II (HTLV-I/-II), and squirrel monkey retrovirus (SMRV) infections for risk assessment. None of the cell lines were infected with HCV, HIV-1, or HTLV-I/-II. However, one cell line displayed reverse transcriptase activity. Thirty-nine cell lines harbored EBV DNA sequences. Studies on the lytic phase of EBV revealed that five cell lines produce EBV particles and six further cell lines produced EBV upon stimulation. One cell line contained an integrated HBV genome fragment but showed no virus production. Six cell lines were SMRV-infected. Newly established cell lines should be tested for EBV infections to detect B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (B-LCL). B-LCLs established with EBV from cell line B95-8 should be tested for SMRV infections.
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10
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Ng SKL, Neo SY, Yap YW, Karuturi RKM, Loh ESL, Liau KH, Ren EC. Ablation of phosphoinositide-3-kinase class II alpha suppresses hepatoma cell proliferation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 387:310-5. [PMID: 19591801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by complex perturbations in multiple signaling pathways, including the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K/AKT) pathways. Herein we investigated the role of PI3K catalytic isoforms, particularly class II isoforms in HCC proliferation. Among the siRNAs tested against the eight known catalytic PI3K isoforms, specific ablation of class II PI3K alpha (PIK3C2alpha) was the most effective in impairing cell growth and this was accompanied by concomitant decrease in PIK3C2alpha mRNA and protein levels. Colony formation ability of cells deficient for PIK3C2alpha was markedly reduced and growth arrest was associated with increased caspase 3 levels. A small but significant difference in gene dosage and expression levels was detected between tumor and non-tumor tissues in a cohort of 19 HCC patients. Taken together, these data suggest for the first time that in addition to class I PI3Ks in cancer, class II PIK3C2alpha can modulate HCC cell growth.
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Pei Y, Zhang T, Renault V, Zhang X. An overview of hepatocellular carcinoma study by omics-based methods. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2009; 41:1-15. [PMID: 19129945 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmn001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly malignancies worldwide. Scientists have been studying the molecular mechanism of HCC for years, but the understanding of it remains incomplete and scattered across the literature at different molecular levels. Chromosomal aberrations, epigenetic abnormality and changes of gene expression have been reported in HCC. High-throughput omics technologies have been widely applied, aiming at the discovery of candidate biomarkers for cancer staging, prediction of recurrence and prognosis, and treatment selection. Large amounts of data on genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, gene expression profiles, microRNA expression profiles and proteomics have been accumulating, and bioinformatics is playing a more and more important role. In this paper, we review the current omics-based studies on HCC at the levels of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics. Integrating observations from multiple aspects is an essential step toward the systematic understanding of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Pei
- TNLIST/Department of Automation, Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division, MOE Key Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Nakai T, Shiraishi O, Kawabe T, Ota H, Nagano H, Shiozaki H. Significance of HBV DNA in the hepatic parenchyma from patients with non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Surg 2006; 30:1338-43. [PMID: 16773264 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-005-0318-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiologic and prognostic factors for non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is defined by its seronegativity for both hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody, remain unclear. METHODS Nonneoplastic liver tissue from 46 patients with non-B, non-C HCC were examined for hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and HCV RNA using in situ hybridization. Recurrence-free survival rates were compared between patients showing high or low HBV DNA expression. Other potential prognostic factors were examined as well. RESULTS HBV DNA was detected in nonneoplastic liver specimens from 35 patents (76.1%), whereas HCV RNA was not detected in any case. In patents with high HBV DNA group expression, recurrence-free survival rates at 1 and 5 years after onset were 68.8% and 13.8%, respectively; those with low expression had higher rates of 89.2% and 59.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified high tumor stage (P=0.042) and high HBV DNA expression (p=0.014) as independent negative prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS In many patients with non-B, non-C HCC, HBV DNA in the liver appears to be involved in the carcinogenesis, with intense HBV DNA expression predicting poor outcome for patients with these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Nakai
- Department of Surgery, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-higashi, Osaka-sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
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Chiao PJ, Na R, Niu J, Sclabas GM, Dong Q, Curley SA. Role of Rel/NF-kappaB transcription factors in apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cancer 2002; 95:1696-705. [PMID: 12365017 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.10829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the 10 most common human carcinomas in the world. The mechanism by which HCC cells resist apoptosis induced by various treatment modalities is poorly understood. METHODS The authors sought to determine whether Rel/NF-kappaB transcription factors play a key role in controlling apoptosis in human HCCcells. We assessed constitutive and inducible activation of NF-kappaB in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-positive (Hep3B) and in hepatitis virus-negative (Chang, HepG2) HCC cells, as well as the role of known inhibitors of NF-kappaB activity. RESULTS The current study data demonstrate that 1) RelA/NF-kappaB activity is activated constitutively in Hep3B cells, as determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays; 2) RelA/NF-kappaB reporter gene activity is inhibited specifically by dominant-negative mutants of IkappaB(alpha), IKK1, IKK2, MEKK1, and MEKK3 and it is activated by overexpression of wild-type MEKK3, suggesting that upstream kinase cascades induce phosphorylation of IkappaB(alpha) and activate RelA/NF-kappaB in Hep3B cells; 3) overexpression of the HBV x gene fails to activate NF-kappaB in HepG2 and Chang cell lines; 4) The NF-kappaB-inducible gene, bcl-xl, is overexpressed in Hep3B cells and is inhibited by the proteosome inhibitor PS341, which prevents IkappaBalpha degradation and RelA/NF-kappaB activation; and 5) inhibition of constitutive RelA/NF-kappaB activity by PS341 sensitizes Hep3B cells to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with the role of RelA/NF-kappaB activity in the regulation of apoptosis through activation of its downstream target genes and suggest that signaling pathways that control RelA/NF-kappaB activity may be important targets for novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Chiao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Seow TK, Ong SE, Liang RC, Ren EC, Chan L, Ou K, Chung MC. Two-dimensional electrophoresis map of the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HCC-M, and identification of the separated proteins by mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2000; 21:1787-813. [PMID: 10870966 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1522-2683(20000501)21:9<1787::aid-elps1787>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Currently, one of the most popular applications of proteomics is in the area of cancer research. In Africa, Southeast Asia, and China, hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common cancers, occurring as one of the top five cancers in frequency. This project was initiated with the purpose of separating and identifying the proteins of a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HCC-M. After two-dimensional gel electrophoresis separation, silver staining, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analyses, tryptic peptide masses were searched for matches in the SWISS-PROT and NCBI nonredundant databases. Approximately 400 spots were analyzed using this approach. Among the proteins identified were housekeeping proteins such as alcohol dehydrogenase, alpha-enolase, asparagine synthetase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase. In addition, we also identified proteins with expression patterns that have been postulated to be related to the process of carcinogenesis. These include 14-3-3 protein, annexin, prohibitin, and thioredoxin peroxidase. This study of the HCC-M proteome, coupled with similar proteome analyses of normal liver tissues, tumors, and other hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, represents the first step towards the establishment of protein databases, which are valuable resources in studies on the differential protein expressions of human hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Seow
- Bioprocessing Technology Center, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Zhang RG, Wang XW, Yuan JH, Guo LX, Xie H. Using a non-radioisotopic, quantitative TRAP-based method detecting telomerase activities in human hepatoma cells. Cell Res 2000; 10:71-7. [PMID: 10765985 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cr.7290037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A non-radioisotopic, quantitative TRAP-based telomerase activity assay was established mainly by using SYBR Green-I staining instead of radioisotope. Comparing with conventional radioisotope based method, it was better in reproducibility and accuracy. Using this method, we found telomerase activities were absent in normal human liver cells, while detected in all of four human hepatoma cell lines (BEL-7404, SMMC-7721, QGY-7903 and HCCM) without significant differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Chow VT, Lim SS, Tock EP. The c-erbA beta thyroid hormone receptor. Expression and cDNA sequence analysis of the hormone-binding domain in human cancer cell lines. Acta Oncol 1994; 33:499-505. [PMID: 7917362 DOI: 10.3109/02841869409083925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The human c-erbA beta protooncogene encodes a thyroid hormone receptor (comprising a hormone-binding domain and a DNA-binding domain) which modulates expression of specific genes, such as cell differentiation genes. Using the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, significant expression of the c-erbA beta gene was detected in the SiHa, CaSki, HeLa cervical carcinoma; Hep3B, PLC/PRF/5, Mahlavu hepatocellular carcinoma; HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cell lines; as well as in normal MRC-5 embryo lung and FS-4 foreskin fibroblast cell lines. However, the Molt-4 leukaemia and Raji Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines exhibited very low levels of c-erbA beta expression. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing of PCR products of the c-erbA beta hormone-binding domain cDNAs of these cell lines revealed identical sequences, but differed from the published human placental c-erbA beta sequence by five single base disparities. Sequencing of an aberrant fragment fortuitously amplified from the HT-1080 cDNA library demonstrated concordance with the cDNA of pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 4, which is related to the tumour marker, carcinoembryonic antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- V T Chow
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge
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Tay N, Chan SH, Ren EC. Identification and cloning of a novel heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C-like protein that functions as a transcriptional activator of the hepatitis B virus enhancer II. J Virol 1992; 66:6841-8. [PMID: 1433497 PMCID: PMC240284 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.66.12.6841-6848.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver specificity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication has been attributed to the action of its second enhancer (EII). We report here the characterization of EII and the subsequent isolation of a novel liver-specific DNA-binding protein which binds to and activates EII. The cDNA clone of the protein, designated E2BP, was isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library constructed from the hepatoma cell line HuH-6 which was screened with a binding site probe derived from EII. Sequence analysis of E2BP revealed 86.6% homology with a rat heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C protein sequence, while conformational studies suggest a helix-loop-helix motif as a DNA-binding site. Cloned E2BP expressed in human fibroblasts by transient transfection displayed EII binding and activating characteristics similar to those of native E2BP in hepatocytes.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Northern
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/genetics
- Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/metabolism
- Cloning, Molecular
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Hepatitis B virus/genetics
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins
- Humans
- Liver/microbiology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
- Open Reading Frames
- Plasmids
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Heterogeneous Nuclear/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/isolation & purification
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Ribonucleoproteins/genetics
- Ribonucleoproteins/metabolism
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tay
- W.H.O. Collaborating Centre for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore
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