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Martínez AP, García G, Ridruejo E, Culasso AC, Pérez PS, Pereson MJ, Neukam K, Flichman D, Di Lello FA. Hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection: Prevalence of NS5A and NS5B resistance-associated substitutions in naïve patients from Argentina. J Med Virol 2019; 91:1970-1978. [PMID: 31273794 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapy against hepatitis C virus (HCV) increases sustained virologic response rates. Nevertheless, drug resistance has occasionally been associated with failure to DAA. However, the information about the prevalence of NS5A and NS5B resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) in Argentina is very scarce. In this study, we determine the prevalence of NS5A and NS5B resistances to treatment in Argentinean DAA treatment-naïve patients chronically infected with genotype 1 (HCV-1). In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 108 HCV-1-infected patients were studied. RASs in NS5A and NS5B were analyzed by Sanger at baseline and phylogenetic analysis was performed. NS5A and NS5B RASs were detected in 25.8% and 6.3% of the analyzed sequences, respectively. The most frequent primary RASs for NS5A were L31M (7.5%) and Y93H (3.2%) and for NS5B was L159F (3.8%). No association between the presence of RASs and the outcome of DAA treatment was found in this study. Additionally, most of the Argentinean samples were randomly distributed among sequences around the world in the phylogenetic analysis. Only one significant Argentinean cluster was observed in both regions but without any particular RASs pattern. Baseline RASs in NS5A and NS5B were frequently observed in HCV-1-infected patients from Buenos Aires, Argentina but not related to treatment outcome. No clusters related to RASs transmission were observed in the phylogenetic analysis. The frequency of RASs detected in this study supports the need for more molecular epidemiology studies on RASs to adjust local treatment guidelines with the incorporation of autochthonous data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo P Martínez
- Virology Section, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno "CEMIC", Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel García
- Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Ridruejo
- Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno "CEMIC", Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés Ca Culasso
- Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula S Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (INBIRS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matías J Pereson
- Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karin Neukam
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Diego Flichman
- Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico A Di Lello
- Departamento de Microbiología, Inmunología y Biotecnología, Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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2
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Khedhiri M, Ghedira K, Chouikha A, Touzi H, Sadraoui A, Hammemi W, Triki H. Tracing the epidemic history of hepatitis C virus genotype 1b in Tunisia and in the world, using a Bayesian coalescent approach. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 75:103944. [PMID: 31260787 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Khedhiri
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Research Laboratory: "Transmission Controle et Immunobiologie des Infections" (LR11-IPT02), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia; Clinical Investigation Center (CIC), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Kais Ghedira
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Biomathematics and Biostatistics - LR16IPT09, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Anissa Chouikha
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Research Laboratory: "Transmission Controle et Immunobiologie des Infections" (LR11-IPT02), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia; Clinical Investigation Center (CIC), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Henda Touzi
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Clinical Investigation Center (CIC), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel Sadraoui
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Clinical Investigation Center (CIC), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Walid Hammemi
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Clinical Investigation Center (CIC), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Henda Triki
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Research Laboratory: "Transmission Controle et Immunobiologie des Infections" (LR11-IPT02), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunisia; Clinical Investigation Center (CIC), Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
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Di Lello FA, Farias AA, Culasso ACA, Pérez PS, Pisano MB, Contigiani MS, Campos RH, Ré VE. Changing epidemiology of hepatitis C virus genotypes in the central region of Argentina. Arch Virol 2015; 160:909-15. [PMID: 25762309 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in Córdoba province, Argentina, over a 12-year period and to study the changes at the molecular level. The HCV genotype was determined in 357 HCV-infected patients, and the phylogeny and demographic reconstruction for HCV-1 was assessed. A significant reduction in HCV-2 prevalence with respect to HCV-1 in Córdoba after 2003 was observed. These findings are consistent with the epidemiological changes observed in South America. Nevertheless, the consequences of these changes remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Alejandro Di Lello
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Core amino acid variation at position 110 is associated with sustained virological response in Caucasian patients with chronic hepatitis C virus 1b infection. Arch Virol 2014; 159:3345-51. [PMID: 25161034 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of core variations on sustained virological response (SVR) to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin (PEG-IFN/RBV) and its association with predictive factors of response in Caucasian patients infected with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV-1). Full-length core sequences were analyzed in 100 Caucasian HCV-1-infected patients who received therapy with PEG-IFN/RBV. The associations between variations in the core protein and SVR, as well as with predictors of SVR, were analyzed. Variations at core 62, 70 and 110 were selected as candidates. There were almost no variations at these positions among patients harboring HCV-1a. However, they were identified in 10 (30.3 %), 21 (63.6 %) and 13 (39.4 %) subjects with HCV-1b, respectively. Among the HCV-1b patients, 39.1 % individuals carrying core R62 and 70 % subjects with core R62G showed SVR (p = 0.141), and 66.7 % of HCV-1b patients harboring core R70 and 38.1 % with core R70Q achieved SVR (p = 0.157), whereas the rate of SVR was 70 % for individuals with core T110 and 15.4 % for those with core T110N (p = 0.004). No statistical interaction between core variations and IL28B genotype was observed. Patients with R70 showed higher median (interquartile range) baseline plasma levels of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) than those with R70Q (96 [86-118] mg/dL vs. 76 [54-88] mg/dL, p = 0.014). We concluded that a substitution at core 110 is associated with a lower rate of SVR in Caucasian HCV-1b-infected patients receiving PEG-IFN/RBV. Furthermore, the variation at the core 70 position is related to plasma levels of LDL-C in these patients.
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Di Lello FA, Culasso ACA, Parodi C, Baré P, Campos RH, García G. New evidence of replication of hepatitis C virus in short-term peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures. Virus Res 2014; 191:1-9. [PMID: 25087877 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though hepatocytes are the main site for hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) have also been proposed as a suitable site for HCV replication. However, this issue still remains under discussion. We have previously developed an innovative system where HCV-RNA can be recovered during PBMC culture from HCV infected patients. Thus, the aim of this work was to use this novel approach in order to observe the evolution and replication of HCV genotype 1b in the PBMC of an HIV-HCV coinfected patient. METHODS HCV-RNA was extracted from serum, uncultured PBMC and PBMC culture at day 6, 20 and 33. The evolutionary analysis was performed using the direct sequences of three viral regions: 5'UTR, E2 and NS5A. Additionally, E2 region was cloned in order to extend the evolutive analysis. RESULTS In the present work, the molecular characterization of HCV along the culture showed a clear dynamic evolving process with the appearance of several nucleotide or amino acid changes in the three regions analyzed. Furthermore, the population analysis of E2 clones showed emerging and loss of lineages which indicate the fast evolutive dynamics of this system. CONCLUSIONS Since evolution can take place only if the virus is replicating in the culture, this finding constitutes an important evidence of viral replication in PBMC. Moreover, this extrahepatic compartment could be very important due to the presence of distinctive variants that could be responsible for resistance to treatment, viral pathogenesis and other clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Alejandro Di Lello
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | | - Cecilia Parodi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex", Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEx), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Baré
- Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas "Mariano R. Castex", Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEx), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo Héctor Campos
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel García
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Spreading of hepatitis C virus subtypes 1a and 1b through the central region of Argentina. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 26:32-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Golemba MD, Culasso ACA, Villamil FG, Bare P, Gadano A, Ridruejo E, Martinez A, Di Lello FA, Campos RH. Hepatitis C virus diversification in Argentina: comparative analysis between the large city of Buenos Aires and the small rural town of O'Brien. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84007. [PMID: 24386322 PMCID: PMC3875501 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The estimated prevalence of HCV infection in Argentina is around 2%. However, higher rates of infection have been described in population studies of small urban and rural communities. The aim of this work was to compare the origin and diversification of HCV-1b in samples from two different epidemiological scenarios: Buenos Aires, a large cosmopolitan city, and O'Brien, a small rural town with a high prevalence of HCV infection. Patients and Methods The E1/E2 and NS5B regions of the viral genome from 83 patients infected with HCV-1b were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis and Bayesian Coalescent methods were used to study the origin and diversification of HCV-1b in both patient populations. Results Samples from Buenos Aires showed a polyphyletic behavior with a tMRCA around 1887–1900 and a time of spread of infection approximately 60 years ago. In contrast, samples from ÓBrien showed a monophyletic behavior with a tMRCA around 1950–1960 and a time of spread of infection more recent than in Buenos Aires, around 20–30 years ago. Conclusion Phylogenetic and coalescence analysis revealed a different behavior in the epidemiological histories of Buenos Aires and ÓBrien. HCV infection in Buenos Aires shows a polyphyletic behavior and an exponential growth in two phases, whereas that in O'Brien shows a monophyletic cluster and an exponential growth in one single step with a more recent tMRCA. The polyphyletic origin and the probability of encountering susceptible individuals in a large cosmopolitan city like Buenos Aires are in agreement with a longer period of expansion. In contrast, in less populated areas such as O'Brien, the chances of HCV transmission are strongly restricted. Furthermore, the monophyletic character and the most recent time of emergence suggest that different HCV-1b ancestors (variants) that were in expansion in Buenos Aires had the opportunity to colonize and expand in O’Brien.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D. Golemba
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés C. A. Culasso
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico G. Villamil
- Unidad de Trasplante Hepático, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Argentina y Unidad de Trasplante Hepático, Hospital El Cruce, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Bare
- Sección Virología, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián Gadano
- Hepatology Unit, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Ridruejo
- Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, CEMIC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alfredo Martinez
- Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas Norberto Quirno, CEMIC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico A. Di Lello
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo H. Campos
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Bolcic F, Laufer N, Trinchero J, Jones LR, Quarleri J. A clustering phenomenon among HCV-1a strains among patients coinfected with HIV from Buenos Aires, Argentina. J Med Virol 2012; 84:570-81. [PMID: 22337295 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) share the same transmission routes which lead to high coinfection rates. Among HIV-infected individuals such rates reached 21% in Argentina, being HCV-1a the most predominant subtype. In this work, 25 HCV subtype 1a (HCV-1a) strains from Argentinean patients coinfected with HIV were studied based on E2 and NS5A sequences. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that 12 strains were highly related to each other, constituting a highly supported (posterior probability = 0.95) monophyletic group that we called "M." The remaining HCV strains (group dispersed or "D") were interspersed along the phylogenetic trees. When comparing both groups of HCV-1a, 10 amino acid differences were located in functional domains of E2 and NS5A proteins that appeared to affect eventually the peptides binding to MHC-I molecules thus favoring immune escape and contributing to the divergence of HCV genotypes. Bayesian coalescent analyses for HCV-1a cluster M isolates indicated that the time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) overlaps with the age estimated recently for the HIV-BF epidemic in Argentina. Furthermore, the genomic characterization based on pol gene analysis from HIV viremic patients showed that most HIV isolates from patients coinfected with HCV-1a cluster M were BF recombinants with identical recombination patterns. In conclusion, these results suggest the presence of an HCV-1a monophyletic cluster with a potential HIV co-transmission by phylogenetic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bolcic
- Microbiology Department, National Reference Center for AIDS Research, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ré VE, Culasso ACA, Mengarelli S, Farías AA, Fay F, Pisano MB, Elbarcha O, Contigiani MS, Campos RH. Phylodynamics of hepatitis C virus subtype 2c in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19471. [PMID: 21611129 PMCID: PMC3097208 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 2 subtype 2c (HCV-2c) is detected as a low prevalence subtype in many countries, except in Southern Europe and Western Africa. The current epidemiology of HCV in Argentina, a low-prevalence country, shows the expected low prevalence for this subtype. However, this subtype is the most prevalent in the central province of Córdoba. Cruz del Eje (CdE), a small rural city of this province, shows a prevalence for HCV infections of 5%, being 90% of the samples classified as HCV-2c. In other locations of Córdoba Province (OLC) with lower prevalence for HCV, HCV-2c was recorded in about 50% of the samples. The phylogenetic analysis of samples from Córdoba Province consistently conformed a monophyletic group with HCV-2c sequences from all the countries where HCV-2c has been sequenced. The phylogeographic analysis showed an overall association between geographical traits and phylogeny, being these associations significant (α = 0.05) for Italy, France, Argentina (places other than Córdoba), Martinique, CdE and OLC. The coalescence analysis for samples from CdE, OLC and France yielded a Time for the Most Common Recent Ancestor of about 140 years, whereas its demographic reconstruction showed a “lag” phase in the viral population until 1880 and then an exponential growth until 1940. These results were also obtained when each geographical area was analyzed separately, suggesting that HCV-2c came into Córdoba province during the migration process, mainly from Europe, which is compatible with the history of Argentina of the early 20th century. This also suggests that the spread of HCV-2c occurred in Europe and South America almost simultaneously, possibly as a result of the advances in medicine technology of the first half of the 20th century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana E. Ré
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrés C. A. Culasso
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Mengarelli
- Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital San Roque, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adrián A. Farías
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fabián Fay
- Laboratorio CIBIC, Centro de Diagnóstico Moleculares, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María B. Pisano
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo Elbarcha
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marta S. Contigiani
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Virología, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo H. Campos
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Mora MVA, Romano CM, Gomes-Gouvêa MS, Gutiérrez MF, Carrilho FJ, Pinho JRR. Molecular characterization, distribution, and dynamics of hepatitis C virus genotypes in blood donors in Colombia. J Med Virol 2011; 82:1889-98. [PMID: 20872715 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a frequent cause of acute and chronic hepatitis and a leading cause for cirrhosis of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV is classified in six major genotypes and more than 70 subtypes. In Colombian blood banks, serum samples were tested for anti-HCV antibodies using a third-generation ELISA. The aim of this study was to characterize the viral sequences in plasma of 184 volunteer blood donors who attended the "Banco Nacional de Sangre de la Cruz Roja Colombiana," Bogotá, Colombia. Three different HCV genomic regions were amplified by nested PCR. The first of these was a segment of 180 bp of the 5'UTR region to confirm the previous diagnosis by ELISA. From those that were positive to the 5'UTR region, two further segments were amplified for genotyping and subtyping by phylogenetic analysis: a segment of 380 bp from the NS5B region; and a segment of 391 bp from the E1 region. The distribution of HCV subtypes was: 1b (82.8%), 1a (5.7%), 2a (5.7%), 2b (2.8%), and 3a (2.8%). By applying Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation, it was estimated that HCV-1b was introduced into Bogotá around 1950. Also, this subtype spread at an exponential rate between about 1970 to about 1990, after which transmission of HCV was reduced by anti-HCV testing of this population. Among Colombian blood donors, HCV genotype 1b is the most frequent genotype, especially in large urban conglomerates such as Bogotá, as is the case in other South American countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Viviana Alvarado Mora
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Sulbarán MZ, Di Lello FA, Sulbarán Y, Cosson C, Loureiro CL, Rangel HR, Cantaloube JF, Campos RH, Moratorio G, Cristina J, Pujol FH. Genetic history of hepatitis C virus in Venezuela: high diversity and long time of evolution of HCV genotype 2. PLoS One 2010; 5:e14315. [PMID: 21179440 PMCID: PMC3001475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The subtype diversity of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes is unknown in Venezuela. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Partial sequencing of the NS5B region was performed in 310 isolates circulating in patients from 1995 to 2007. In the samples collected between 2005 and 2007, HCV genotype 1 (G1) was the most common genotype (63%), composed as expected of mainly G1a and G1b. G2 was the second most common genotype (33%), being G2a almost absent and G2j the most frequent subtype. Sequence analysis of the core region confirmed the subtype assignment performed within the NS5b region in 63 isolates. The complete genome sequence of G2j was obtained. G2j has been described in France, Canada and Burkina Fasso, but it was not found in Martinique, where several subtypes of G2 circulate in the general population. Bayesian coalescence analysis indicated a most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of G2j around 1785, before the introduction of G1b (1869) and G1a (1922). While HCV G1a and G1b experienced a growth reduction since 1990, coincident with the time when blood testing was implemented in Venezuela, HCV G2j did not seem to reach growth equilibrium during this period. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Assuming the introduction of G2j from Africa during the slave trade, the high frequency of G2j found in Venezuela could suggest: 1- the introduction of African ethnic groups different from the ones introduced to Martinique or 2- the occurrence of a founder effect. This study represents an in-depth analysis of the subtype diversity of HCV in Venezuela, which is still unexplored in the Americas and deserves further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico A. Di Lello
- Cátedra de Virología de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yoneira Sulbarán
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, CMBC, IVIC, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Clarisa Cosson
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, CMBC, IVIC, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | - Héctor R. Rangel
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, CMBC, IVIC, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Jean F. Cantaloube
- Unité Emergence et Co-évolution virale, Etablissement Français du Sang Alpes-Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Rodolfo H. Campos
- Cátedra de Virología de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Moratorio
- Departamento de Técnicas Nucleares Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Unidad de Biofísica de Proteínas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Juan Cristina
- Departamento de Técnicas Nucleares Aplicadas, Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Flor H. Pujol
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, CMBC, IVIC, Caracas, Venezuela
- * E-mail:
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Lampe E, Espirito-Santo MP, Martins RM, Bello G. Epidemic history of Hepatitis C virus in Brazil. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2010; 10:886-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2010.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 05/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Bouzgarrou N, Hassen E, Mahfoudh W, Gabbouj S, Schvoerer E, Ben Yahia A, Ben Mami N, Triki H, Chouchane L. NS5A(ISDR-V3) region genetic variability of Tunisian HCV-1b strains: Correlation with the response to the combined interferon/ribavirin therapy. J Med Virol 2010; 81:2021-8. [PMID: 19856481 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) of hepatitis C virus (HCV), mutations within the interferon sensitivity-determining region (ISDR), the PKR-binding domain (PKR-BD), the variable region 3 (V3), and the interferon/ribavirin resistance-determining region (IRRDR) have been correlated with the IFN-based therapy response. In Tunisia, where a high prevalence of HCV-1b has been found, no data regarding the implication of NS5A in treatment response were available. The current study examined the relationship between the pre-treatment mutation number within ISDR, PKR-BD, V3, IRRDR, as well as in the entire ISDR-V3 region of NS5A (aa 2209-2379) and the response to the 48-week course of combined IFN plus ribavirin therapy in 15 HCV-1b-infected Tunisian patients. Referring to HCV-J sequence, a significant high genetic variability was observed within PKR-BD in the sustained virological responder patients compared to non-responders (P = 0.040). More importantly, when considering the entire region from ISDR to V3, referred to as NS5A(ISDR-V3), a clear difference in the mutation number was observed between sustained virological responders (19.6 +/- 3.16) and non-responders (15.0 +/- 1.41) (P = 0.002). Additionally, a more detailed analysis of NS5A(ISDR-V3) region revealed an elevated degree of mutation rate within the region located between amino acids 2282 and 2308 (P = 0.0006). Interestingly, an analysis of specific amino acid variations defined proline and serine at position 2300 as signature patterns for sensitive and resistant strains, respectively. The genetic variability within the NS5A region of HCV-1b strains was associated with the response to the combined IFN plus ribavirin therapy in our Tunisian cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bouzgarrou
- Molecular Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Di Lello FA, Piñeiro Y Leone FG, Muñoz G, Campos RH. Diversity of hepatitis B and C viruses in Chile. J Med Virol 2009; 81:1887-94. [PMID: 19774690 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although there is a low prevalence rate (around 1% of the population) of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Chile, little is known about the diversity and molecular characteristics of the circulating viruses. In the present study, 40 HBV and 57 HCV samples from Santiago City, Chile, were examined. The phylogenetic analysis of HBV samples showed the autochthonous genotype F as the most represented genotype in the study (67.5%), while genotypes A, B, C, and D were less frequent (7.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 12.5%, respectively). The frequency of circulation of HBV genotypes observed is in accordance with the genetic background of the Chilean population. Most of the HCV samples tested belonged to subtype 1b (82%). The coalescent analysis conducted for both the NS5A and NS5B regions of the HCV strains showed similar population growth rates, with a most recent common ancestor estimated to date between 1893 and 1901. This result may indicate that genotype 1b strains circulating in Chile have epidemiological features similar to those described for HCV genotype 1b in Brazil and the United States. However, the most recent common ancestor for Chile is older than that reported recently for genotype 1b in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico A Di Lello
- Cátedra de Virología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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