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Knights SM, Salyards M, Kendall N, Lazarte SM, Kainthla R, Miley W, Marshall V, Labo N, Whitby D, Chiao EY, Nijhawan AE. High Seroprevalence of Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus in Men Who Have Sex With Men With HIV in the Southern United States. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad160. [PMID: 37096147 PMCID: PMC10122490 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disparities in mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated Kaposi sarcoma have been described, particularly in Black men in the southern United States. It is unclear if there are racial/ethnic differences in the seroprevalence of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) that may be contributing. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women with HIV. Participants were recruited from an outpatient HIV clinic in Dallas, Texas, for a 1-time study visit and were excluded from analysis if they had any history of KSHV disease. Plasma was tested for antibodies to KSHV K8.1 or ORF73 antigens, and KSHV DNA was measured in oral fluids and blood by polymerase chain reaction. KSHV seroprevalence and viral shedding in blood and oral fluids were calculated. Additionally, independent risk factors for KSHV seropositivity were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results Two hundred five participants were included in our analysis. Overall, KSHV seroprevalence was high (68%) with no significant difference between racial/ethnic groups. Among seropositive participants, KSHV DNA was detected in 28.6% of oral fluids and 10.9% of peripheral blood specimens, respectively. The factors most strongly associated with KSHV seropositivity were oral-anal sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.02), oral-penile sex (OR, 4.63), and methamphetamine use (OR, 4.67). Conclusions High local seroprevalence of KSHV is likely a key driver of the high burden of KSHV-associated diseases regionally, though it does not explain the observed disparities in KSHV-associated disease prevalence among racial/ethnic groups. Our findings support that KSHV is primarily transmitted via exchange of oral fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena M Knights
- Correspondence: Sheena M. Knights, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9113 (); Ank Nijhawan, MD, MPH, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9113 ()
| | - Maverick Salyards
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Noelle Kendall
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Chapman University, Orange, California, USA
| | - Susana M Lazarte
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Radhika Kainthla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Parkland Health, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Wendell Miley
- Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Vickie Marshall
- Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Nazzarena Labo
- Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Denise Whitby
- Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Inc, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Y Chiao
- Department of General Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ank E Nijhawan
- Correspondence: Sheena M. Knights, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9113 (); Ank Nijhawan, MD, MPH, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9113 ()
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Zeichner SB, Ruiz AL, Suciu GP, Zeichner RL, Rodriguez E. Trends in Kaposi's Sarcoma in Miami Beach from 1987 to 2007. ISRN ONCOLOGY 2012; 2012:642106. [PMID: 23320191 PMCID: PMC3540766 DOI: 10.5402/2012/642106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rare low-grade vascular tumor associated with the human herpes virus 8. By analyzing the epidemiology, staging, and treatment of KS, we hoped to improve the quality of care at our institution. Methods. Review of the Mount Sinai Medical Center tumor registry database in Miami Beach, FL, USA, identified 143 cases of KS between January 1, 1987 and December 31, 2007. Results. The majority of patients were non-Hispanic whites, non smoking males diagnosed between 1987 and 1996. Most of the patients were HIV positive, with an equal percentage diagnosed with local or distant disease. Most patients received no chemotherapy or radiation. There were no significant differences in patient survival based on sex, HIV status, or radiation received. There was a trend toward improved survival among older patients who smoked, received no chemotherapy, and had localized stage at diagnosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that non-Hispanic whites had a significant worse survival than Hispanic whites (HR = 0.55, 95% CI (0.33, 0.90), P = 0.02). Patients diagnosed between 1987 and 1996 had a worse survival than those between 1997 and 2007 (HR = 0.33 (95% CI 0.19, 0.55), P < 0.0001). Conclusion. This large retrospective study provides further insight into KS. Ethnicity and date of diagnosis are important predictors of long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon B. Zeichner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, 4300 Alton Road, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Ana L. Ruiz
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
| | - Gabriel P. Suciu
- Department of Public Health and Biostatistics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale-Davie, FL 33314, USA
| | - Rachel Lerner Zeichner
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale-Davie, FL 33314, USA
| | - Estelamari Rodriguez
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
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Borges JD, Souza VAUF, Giambartolomei C, Dudbridge F, Freire WS, Gregório SA, Torrez PPQ, Quiroga M, Mayaud P, Pannuti CS, Nascimento MC. Transmission of human herpesvirus type 8 infection within families in american indigenous populations from the Brazilian Amazon. J Infect Dis 2012; 205:1869-76. [PMID: 22474036 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intrafamilial dynamics of endemic infection with human herpesvirus type 8 (HHV-8) in Amerindian populations is unknown. METHODS Serum samples were obtained from 517 Amerindians and tested for HHV-8 anti-latent nuclear antigen (anti-LANA) and antilytic antibodies by immunofluorescence assays. Logistic regression and mixed logistic models were used to estimate the odds of being HHV-8 seropositive among intrafamilial pairs. RESULTS HHV-8 seroprevalence by either assay was 75.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 71.5%-79.1%), and it was age-dependent (P(trend) < .001). Familial dependence in HHV-8 seroprevalence by either assay was found between mother-offspring (odds ratio [OR], 5.44; 95% CI: 1.62-18.28) and siblings aged ≥10 years (OR 4.42, 95% CI: 1.70-11.45) or siblings in close age range (<5 years difference) (OR 3.37, 95% CI: 1.21-9.40), or in families with large (>4) number of siblings (OR, 3.20, 95% CI: 1.33-7.67). In separate analyses by serological assay, there was strong dependence in mother-offspring (OR 8.94, 95% CI: 2.94-27.23) and sibling pairs aged ≥10 years (OR, 11.91, 95% CI: 2.23-63.64) measured by LANA but not lytic antibodies. CONCLUSIONS This pattern of familial dependence suggests that, in this endemic population, HHV-8 transmission mainly occurs from mother to offspring and between close siblings during early childhood, probably via saliva. The mother to offspring dependence was derived chiefly from anti-LANA antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaila D Borges
- Laboratório de Virologia (LIMHC), Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo
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