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Zeng EZ, Chen I, Chen X, Yuan X. Exosomal MicroRNAs as Novel Cell-Free Therapeutics in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102485. [PMID: 36289747 PMCID: PMC9598823 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles (50–1000 nm) that can be secreted by all cell types. Microvesicles and exosomes are the major subsets of EVs that exhibit the cell–cell communications and pathological functions of human tissues, and their therapeutic potentials. To further understand and engineer EVs for cell-free therapy, current developments in EV biogenesis and secretion pathways are discussed to illustrate the remaining gaps in EV biology. Specifically, microRNAs (miRs), as a major EV cargo that exert promising therapeutic results, are discussed in the context of biological origins, sorting and packing, and preclinical applications in disease progression and treatments. Moreover, advanced detection and engineering strategies for exosomal miRs are also reviewed. This article provides sufficient information and knowledge for the future design of EVs with specific miRs or protein cargos in tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Z. Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Isabelle Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
- Los Altos High School, Los Altos, CA 94022, USA
| | - Xingchi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Xuegang Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 95616, USA
- Correspondence: or
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Liu C, Ding Q, Kong X. Integrated Analysis of the miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network Involved in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11040407. [PMID: 35456082 PMCID: PMC9031331 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11040407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is an array of neurocognitive changes associated with HIV infection, and the roles of microRNAs in HAND have not yet been completely revealed. Based on published data and publicly available databases, we constructed an integrated miRNA-mRNA network involved in HAND. Bioinformatics analyses, including gene ontology, network analysis, and KEGG pathway analysis, were applied for further study of the network and the genes of the network. The axon guidance KEGG pathway, three genes NTNG1, EFNB2, CXCL12, and 17 miRNAs which regulate these genes are spotlighted in our study. This study provides new perspectives to the knowledge of miRNAs’ roles in the progression of HAND, and our findings provide potential therapeutic targets and clues of HAND.
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Kim GU, Sung SE, Kang KK, Choi JH, Lee S, Sung M, Yang SY, Kim SK, Kim YI, Lim JH, Seo MS, Lee GW. Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413672. [PMID: 34948463 PMCID: PMC8703906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-threatening condition that leads to permanent disability with partial or complete loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions. SCI is usually caused by initial mechanical insult, followed by a cascade of several neuroinflammation and structural changes. For ameliorating the neuroinflammatory cascades, MSC has been regarded as a therapeutic agent. The animal SCI research has demonstrated that MSC can be a valuable therapeutic agent with several growth factors and cytokines that may induce anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects. However, the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in animal SCI models is inconsistent, and the optimal method of MSCs remains debatable. Moreover, there are several limitations to developing these therapeutic agents for humans. Therefore, identifying novel agents for regenerative medicine is necessary. Extracellular vesicles are a novel source for regenerative medicine; they possess nucleic acids, functional proteins, and bioactive lipids and perform various functions, including damaged tissue repair, immune response regulation, and reduction of inflammation. MSC-derived exosomes have advantages over MSCs, including small dimensions, low immunogenicity, and no need for additional procedures for culture expansion or delivery. Certain studies have demonstrated that MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, exhibit outstanding chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we reviewed the principles and patho-mechanisms and summarized the research outcomes of MSCs and MSC-derived EVs for SCI, reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Un Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hanil General Hospital, 308 Uicheon-ro, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01450, Korea;
| | - Soo-Eun Sung
- Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.-E.S.); (K.-K.K.); (J.-H.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Kyung-Ku Kang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.-E.S.); (K.-K.K.); (J.-H.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Joo-Hee Choi
- Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.-E.S.); (K.-K.K.); (J.-H.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Sijoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.-E.S.); (K.-K.K.); (J.-H.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Minkyoung Sung
- Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.-E.S.); (K.-K.K.); (J.-H.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Seung Yun Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Seul-Ki Kim
- Efficacy Evaluation Team, Food Science R&D Center, KolmarBNH CO., LTD, 61Heolleungro 8-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06800, Korea;
| | | | - Ju-Hyeon Lim
- New Drug Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Chungbuk 28160, Korea;
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, 170 Hyonchung-ro, Namgu, Daegu 42415, Korea
| | - Min-Soo Seo
- Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.-E.S.); (K.-K.K.); (J.-H.C.); (S.L.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.-S.S.); (G.W.L.); Tel.: +82-53-7905727 (M.S.S.); +82-53-6203642 (G.W.L.)
| | - Gun Woo Lee
- Cellexobio, Co. Ltd., Daegu 42415, Korea;
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, 170 Hyonchung-ro, Namgu, Daegu 42415, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.-S.S.); (G.W.L.); Tel.: +82-53-7905727 (M.S.S.); +82-53-6203642 (G.W.L.)
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Potential of different cells-derived exosomal microRNA cargos for treating spinal cord injury. J Orthop Translat 2021; 31:33-40. [PMID: 34760623 PMCID: PMC8560648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disastrous situation that affects many patients worldwide. A profound understanding of the pathology and etiology of SCI is of great importance in inspiring new therapeutic concepts and treatment. In recent years, exosomes, which are complex lipid membrane structures secreted nearly by all kinds of plants and animal cells, can transport their valuable cargoes (e.g., proteins, lipids, RNAs) to the targeted cells and exert their communication and regulation functions, which open up a new field of treatment of SCI. Notably, the exosome's advantage is transporting the carried material to the target cells across the blood-brain barrier and exerting regulatory functions. Among the cargoes of exosomes, microRNAs, through the modulation of their mRNA targets, emerges with great potentiality in the pathological process, diagnosis and treatment of SCI. In this review, we discuss the role of miRNAs transported by different cell-derived exosomes in SCI that are poised to enhance SCI-specific therapeutic capabilities of exosomes.
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Liu WZ, Ma ZJ, Li JR, Kang XW. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: therapeutic opportunities and challenges for spinal cord injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:102. [PMID: 33536064 PMCID: PMC7860030 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to serious motor and sensory dysfunction of the limbs below the injured segment. SCI not only results in physical and psychological harm to patients but can also cause a huge economic burden on their families and society. As there is no effective treatment method, the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients with SCI have become urgent problems to be solved. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted more attention in the treatment of SCI. Although MSC therapy can reduce injured volume and promote axonal regeneration, its application is limited by tumorigenicity, a low survival rate, and immune rejection. Accumulating literature shows that exosomes have great potential in the treatment of SCI. In this review, we summarize the existing MSC-derived exosome studies on SCI and discuss the advantages and challenges of treating SCI based on exosomes derived from MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhao Liu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cuiyingmen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Zhan-Jun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cuiyingmen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China
| | - Jie-Ru Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xue-Wen Kang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, No.82 Cuiyingmen Street, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China.
- The International Cooperation Base of Gansu Province for the Pain Research in Spinal Disorders, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Guan D, Li Y, Cui Y, Guo Y, Dong N, Li G, Dai Y, Ji L. Down-regulated miR-374c and Hsp70 promote Th17 cell differentiation by inducing Fas expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 154:1158-1165. [PMID: 31756487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fas is a positive regulator of Th17 cells differentiation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). However, its upstream regulators are still not fully determined. This study was designed to explore the upstream regulators of Fas in regulating Th17 cells differentiation in EAE. METHODS The mouse model of EAE was established by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein injection. Th17 cells differentiation was induced by IL-23, IL-6 and TGF-β. RESULTS Down-regulated Hsp70 and miR-374c and up-regulated Fas were observed in the spleen and brain of EAE mice. Hsp70 overexpression evidently reduced Fas protein level, but not mRNA level. The luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-374c targets Fas. Overexpression of miR-374c down-regulated the mRNA and protein level of Fas. The concentration of IL-17A in CD4+ T-cells was reduced by miR-374c or Hsp70 overexpression, and Fas overexpression altered this trend. Hsp70 did not regulate the expression of miR-374c, and likewise, miR-374c did not regulate the expression of Hsp70. Further results suggested that Hsp70 and miR-374c regulated Fas expression through different ways to affect Th17 cells differentiation in EAE. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that down-regulated miR-374c and Hsp70 promote Th17 cell differentiation by inducing Fas expression in EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Guan
- Department the Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingxia Li
- The College of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinglin Cui
- Department the Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Yanke Guo
- Department the Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Dong
- Department the Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ge Li
- Department the Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Department the Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liang Ji
- Department the Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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Li D, Zhang P, Yao X, Li H, Shen H, Li X, Wu J, Lu X. Exosomes Derived From miR-133b-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:845. [PMID: 30524227 PMCID: PMC6262643 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been found in injured spinal cords after spinal cord injury (SCI). Previous studies have shown that miR-133b plays an important role in the differentiation of neurons and the outgrowth of neurites. Recently, exosomes have been used as novel biological vehicles to transfer miRNAs locally or systemically, but little is known about the effect of the delivery of exosome-mediated miRNAs on the treatment of SCI. In the present study, we observed that mesenchymal stem cells, the most common cell types known to produce exosomes, could package miR-133b into secreted exosomes. After SCI, tail vein injection of miR-133b exosomes into rats significantly improved the recovery of hindlimb function when compared to control groups. Additionally, treatment with miR-133b exosomes reduced the volume of the lesion, preserved neuronal cells, and promoted the regeneration of axons after SCI. We next observed that the expression of RhoA, a direct target of miR-133b, was decreased in the miR-133b exosome group. Moreover, we showed that miR-133b exosomes activated ERK1/2, STAT3, and CREB, which are signaling pathway proteins involved in the survival of neurons and the regeneration of axons. In summary, these findings demonstrated that systemically injecting miR-133b exosomes preserved neurons, promoted the regeneration of axons, and improved the recovery of hindlimb locomotor function following SCI, suggesting that the transfer of exosome-mediated miRNAs represents a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiyang Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaocheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Pan YL, Han ZY, He SF, Yang W, Cheng J, Zhang Y, Chen ZW. miR‑133b‑5p contributes to hypoxic preconditioning‑mediated cardioprotection by inhibiting the activation of caspase‑8 and caspase-3 in cardiomyocytes. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7097-7104. [PMID: 29568969 PMCID: PMC5928670 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous study using a microRNA (miRNA/miR) microarray assay, we demonstrated that miR-133b-5p was upregulated in response to hypoxic preconditioning (HPC). The present study was designed to investigate the role of the miR‑133b‑5p in HPC‑induced cardioprotection and the underlying mechanisms involving caspase‑8 and caspase‑3 apoptotic signaling. Adult rats were subjected to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury with or without ischemic preconditioning (IPC), and the level of miR‑133b‑5p in myocardium was measured. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were isolated and subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury, with or without HPC. miR‑133b‑5p antagomir was transfected into the cardiomyocytes to observe whether it could block HPC‑induced cardioprotection. Cellular injury was evaluated by detecting cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and apoptotic rate. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the level of miR‑133b‑5p. The activation of caspase‑8 and caspase‑3 were measured by western blot analysis to detect the cleaved fragments as well as a colorimetric assay. Following myocardial I/R injury, the expression of miR‑133b‑5p was decreased in myocardium, while this decrease was restored by IPC. HPC protected neonatal rat cardiomyocytes against H/R injury by increasing cell viability, while reducing LDH release and cell apoptosis. These protective effects were coupled with the upregulation of miR‑133b‑5p. However, the knockdown of miR‑133b‑5p in the cardiomyocytes blocked HPC‑mediated cardioprotection as reflected by the aggravation of cell injury and apoptosis. HPC upregulated miR‑133b‑5p level was markedly suppressed by the antagomir. In addition, the cleavage and activities of caspase‑8 and caspase‑3 were inhibited by HPC while reversed by knockdown of miR‑133b‑5p. Upregulation of miR‑133b‑5p contributes to HPC‑mediated cardioprotection in cardiomyocytes, and the mechanism may be associated with inhibition of caspase‑8 and caspase‑3 apoptotic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lu Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Yi Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Fang He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Wan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Wu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Wu S, Yang Y, Peng F, Li Q, Tian P, Xiang E, Liang H, Wang B, Zhou X, Huang H, Zhou X. Differentially expressed miRNAs in oxygen‑induced retinopathy newborn mouse models. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:146-152. [PMID: 27922698 PMCID: PMC5355681 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in regulating retinal neovascularization and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). A total of 80 healthy C57BL/6 neonatal mice were randomly divided into the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) group (n=40), in which 7-day-old mice were maintained in 75% oxygen conditions for 5 days, or the control group (n=40). Following collection of retinal tissue, retinal angiography and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were performed. Total RNA was also extracted from retinal tissue, and miRNA microarrays and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in the two groups. Retinal angiography and H&E staining revealed damage to retinas in the OIR group. Compared with the control group, 67 miRNAs were differentially expressed in the OIR group, of which 34 were upregulated and 33 were downregulated. Of these differentially expressed miRNAs, 32 exhibited a fold change ≥2, of which 21 were upregulated and 11 were downregulated. The results of RT-qPCR for miR-130a-3p and miR-5107-5p were in accordance with those of the miRNA microarray. The newly identified miRNAs may be important in the development of ROP, and may provide a basis for future research into the mechanisms of ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Nanshan People's Hospital, Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518052, P.R. China
| | - Suying Wu
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Fen Peng
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Qintao Li
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Peng Tian
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Erying Xiang
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Honglu Liang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
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Zhu HJ, Han ZY, He SF, Jin SY, Xu SJ, Fang XD, Zhang Y. Specific MicroRNAs comparisons in hypoxia and morphine preconditioning against hypoxia-reoxgenation injury with and without heart failure. Life Sci 2016; 170:82-92. [PMID: 27919821 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is an inevitable event arising during the cardiovascular diseases development and the process of potent surgical treatments. microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of multiple cell processes including I/R injury. The present study aims to quantify miRNA alterations and regulated genes upon hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury in a rat heart failure model comparing with normal cardiomyocytes. MAIN METHODS Chronic heart failure was established by injecting doxorubicin (2mg/kg/week) for 6weeks, then H/R was performed on primary cultured cardiomyocytes isolated from normal and failed heart. Cellular injury was evaluated by detecting LDH release levels, cell variability and apoptotic rate. Dysregulated miRNAs in control, hypoxia preconditioning (HPC) and morphine preconditioning (MPC) groups under two conditions were quantified by microarray analysis. Fas protein expression was analyzed using Western Blotting analysis. KEY FINDINGS Chronic heart failure was confirmed with lower ejection fraction (EF), and significant cellular injury. HPC could reverse the injury induced by H/R in normal heart rather than failed heart, otherwise, MPC significantly attenuated cellular injury dose dependently in both conditions. There was 12 miRNAs significantly altered after doxorubicin injection, 7 downregulated and 5 upregulated. miR-133b-5p, miR-6216, miR-664-1-5p and let7e-5p were differentially expressed after HPC and MPC treatments. The direct interaction between miR-133b-5p and target gene Fas were established. The Fas protein expression was manipulated by MPC not HPC affording protective effect against H/R injury. SIGNIFICANCE We investigated that miR-133b-5p might play a particularly important role in the cardioprotective effect of MPC by regulating the target gene Fas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Juan Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Anhui Women and Child Health Care Hospital, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zheng-Yi Han
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shu-Fang He
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shi-Yun Jin
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shi-Jin Xu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Fang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Anhui Women and Child Health Care Hospital, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
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Radons J. The human HSP70 family of chaperones: where do we stand? Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:379-404. [PMID: 26865365 PMCID: PMC4837186 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family of molecular chaperones represents one of the most ubiquitous classes of chaperones and is highly conserved in all organisms. Members of the HSP70 family control all aspects of cellular proteostasis such as nascent protein chain folding, protein import into organelles, recovering of proteins from aggregation, and assembly of multi-protein complexes. These chaperones augment organismal survival and longevity in the face of proteotoxic stress by enhancing cell viability and facilitating protein damage repair. Extracellular HSP70s have a number of cytoprotective and immunomodulatory functions, the latter either in the context of facilitating the cross-presentation of immunogenic peptides via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens or in the context of acting as "chaperokines" or stimulators of innate immune responses. Studies have linked the expression of HSP70s to several types of carcinoma, with Hsp70 expression being associated with therapeutic resistance, metastasis, and poor clinical outcome. In malignantly transformed cells, HSP70s protect cells from the proteotoxic stress associated with abnormally rapid proliferation, suppress cellular senescence, and confer resistance to stress-induced apoptosis including protection against cytostatic drugs and radiation therapy. All of the cellular activities of HSP70s depend on their adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP)-regulated ability to interact with exposed hydrophobic surfaces of proteins. ATP hydrolysis and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)/ATP exchange are key events for substrate binding and Hsp70 release during folding of nascent polypeptides. Several proteins that bind to distinct subdomains of Hsp70 and consequently modulate the activity of the chaperone have been identified as HSP70 co-chaperones. This review focuses on the regulation, function, and relevance of the molecular Hsp70 chaperone machinery to disease and its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Radons
- Scientific Consulting International, Mühldorfer Str. 64, 84503, Altötting, Germany.
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