1
|
Zhang L, Yang H. Research progress of neural stem cells as a source of dopaminergic neurons for cell therapy in Parkinson's disease. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:347. [PMID: 38400887 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, the most characteristic pathological feature is the progressive loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compactus (SNpc) of the mesencephalon, along with reduced dopamine content in the striatum. Researchers have been searching for drugs and therapies to treat PD in decades. However, no approach could stop the progression of the disease, and even some of them caused adverse clinical side effects. PD has a well-defined lesion. Therefore, it is considered to be one of the most curable central nervous system diseases by cell replacement treatment. Fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue transplantation has been used to treat patients with PD and obtained positive treatment results. However, ethical issues, such as limited donor tissue, and side effects including graft-induced dyskinesias, limit its clinical applications. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is a viable therapy choice because it possesses multipotency, self-renewal ability, and differentiation into DA neurons, which may substitute for lost DA neurons and slow down the neurodegenerative process in PD. Studies that investigated the delivery of NSCs by using animal models of PD revealed survival, migration, and even amelioration of behavioral deficits. Here, the research progress of NSCs or NSC-derived DA neurons in treating PD was reviewed, and the practicability of present manufacturing processes for clinical testing was considered. This review is expected to offer ideas for practical strategies to solve the present technical and biological problems related to the clinical application of NSCs in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 555 East Youyi Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710054, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang X, Chen X, Liu G, Cai H, Le W. The Crucial Roles of Pitx3 in Midbrain Dopaminergic Neuron Development and Parkinson's Disease-Associated Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108614. [PMID: 37239960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons, particularly in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), is one of the most prominent pathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). To uncover the pathogenic mechanisms of mDA neuronal death during PD may provide therapeutic targets to prevent mDA neuronal loss and slow down the disease's progression. Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 3 (Pitx3) is selectively expressed in the mDA neurons as early as embryonic day 11.5 and plays a critical role in mDA neuron terminal differentiation and subset specification. Moreover, Pitx3-deficient mice exhibit some canonical PD-related features, including the profound loss of SNc mDA neurons, a dramatic decrease in striatal dopamine (DA) levels, and motor abnormalities. However, the precise role of Pitx3 in progressive PD and how this gene contributes to mDA neuronal specification during early stages remains unclear. In this review, we updated the latest findings on Pitx3 by summarizing the crosstalk between Pitx3 and its associated transcription factors in mDA neuron development. We further explored the potential benefits of Pitx3 as a therapeutic target for PD in the future. To better understand the transcriptional network of Pitx3 in mDA neuron development may provide insights into Pitx3-related clinical drug-targeting research and therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Guangdong Liu
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Huaibin Cai
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Weidong Le
- Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 611731, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roles of Transcription Factors in the Development and Reprogramming of the Dopaminergic Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020845. [PMID: 35055043 PMCID: PMC8775916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The meso-diencephalic dopaminergic (mdDA) neurons regulate various critical processes in the mammalian nervous system, including voluntary movement and a wide range of behaviors such as mood, reward, addiction, and stress. mdDA neuronal loss is linked with one of the most prominent human movement neurological disorders, Parkinson’s disease (PD). How these cells die and regenerate are two of the most hotly debated PD research topics. As for the latter, it has been long known that a series of transcription factors (TFs) involves the development of mdDA neurons, specifying cell types and controlling developmental patterns. In vitro and in vivo, TFs regulate the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, a dopamine transporter, vesicular monoamine transporter 2, and L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, all of which are critical for dopamine synthesis and transport in dopaminergic neurons (DA neurons). In this review, we encapsulate the molecular mechanism of TFs underlying embryonic growth and maturation of mdDA neurons and update achievements on dopaminergic cell therapy dependent on knowledge of TFs in mdDA neuronal development. We believe that a deeper understanding of the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that influence DA neurons’ fate and development in the midbrain could lead to a better strategy for PD cell therapy.
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen XX, Qian Y, Wang XP, Tang ZW, Xu JT, Lin H, Yang ZY, Song XB, Lu D, Guo JZ, Bian LG, Li Y, Zhou L, Deng XL. Nurr1 promotes neurogenesis of dopaminergic neuron and represses inflammatory factors in the transwell coculture system of neural stem cells and microglia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:790-800. [PMID: 29450981 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neural stem cells (NSCs) are the most promising cells for cell replacement therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, a majority of the transplanted NSCs differentiated into glial cells, thereby limiting the clinical application. Previous studies indicated that chronic neuroinflammation plays a vital role in the degeneration of midbrain DA (mDA) neurons, which suggested the developing potential of therapies for PD by targeting the inflammatory processes. Thus, Nurr1 (nuclear receptor-related factor 1), a transcription factor, has been referred to play a pivotal role in both the differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in embryonic stages and the maintenance of the dopaminergic phenotype throughout life. AIM This study investigated the effect of Nurr1 on neuroinflammation and differentiation of NSCs cocultured with primary microglia in the transwell coculture system. RESULTS The results showed that Nurr1 exerted anti-inflammatory effects and promoted the differentiation of NSCs into dopaminergic neurons. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that Nurr1 protects dopaminergic neurons from neuroinflammation insults by limiting the production of neurotoxic mediators by microglia and maintain the survival of transplanted NSCs. These phenomena provided a new theoretical and experimental foundation for the transplantation of Nurr1-overexpressed NSCs as a potential treatment of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Qian
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, Kunming City Women and Children Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Lab, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiang-Peng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiao-Tian Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Di Lu
- Rehabilitation Engineering Research Laboratory, Biomedicine Engineering Research Centre, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jia-Zhi Guo
- Rehabilitation Engineering Research Laboratory, Biomedicine Engineering Research Centre, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Gong Bian
- Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine of Yunnan Province, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xing-Li Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The proteome of the differentiating mesencephalic progenitor cell line CSM14.1 in vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:351821. [PMID: 24592386 PMCID: PMC3925624 DOI: 10.1155/2014/351821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of Parkinson's disease by transplantation of dopaminergic (DA) neurons from human embryonic mesencephalic tissue is a promising approach. However, the origin of these cells causes major problems: availability and standardization of the graft. Therefore, the generation of unlimited numbers of DA neurons from various types of stem or progenitor cells has been brought into focus. A source for DA neurons might be conditionally immortalized progenitor cells. The temperature-sensitive immortalized cell line CSM14.1 derived from the mesencephalon of an embryonic rat has been used successfully for transplantation experiments. This cell line was analyzed by unbiased stereology of cell type specific marker proteins and 2D-gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry to characterize the differentially expressed proteome. Undifferentiated CSM14.1 cells only expressed the stem cell marker nestin, whereas differentiated cells expressed GFAP or NeuN and tyrosine hydroxylase. An increase of the latter cells during differentiation could be shown. By using proteomics an explanation on the protein level was found for the observed changes in cell morphology during differentiation, when CSM14.1 cells possessed the morphology of multipolar neurons. The results obtained in this study confirm the suitability of CSM14.1 cells as an in vitro model for the study of neuronal and dopaminergic differentiation in rats.
Collapse
|
6
|
Deng X, Liang Y, Lu H, Yang Z, Liu R, Wang J, Song X, Long J, Li Y, Lei D, Feng Z. Co-transplantation of GDNF-overexpressing neural stem cells and fetal dopaminergic neurons mitigates motor symptoms in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80880. [PMID: 24312503 PMCID: PMC3849044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Striatal transplantation of dopaminergic (DA) neurons or neural stem cells (NSCs) has been reported to improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the low rate of cell survival, differentiation, and integration in the host brain limits the therapeutic efficacy. We investigated the therapeutic effects of intracranial co-transplantation of mesencephalic NSCs stably overexpressing human glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF-mNSCs) together with fetal DA neurons in the 6-OHDA rat model of PD. Striatal injection of mNSCs labeled by the contrast enhancer superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) resulted in a hypointense signal in the striatum on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images that lasted for at least 8 weeks post-injection, confirming the long-term survival of injected stem cells in vivo. Co-transplantation of GDNF-mNSCs with fetal DA neurons significantly reduced apomorphine-induced rotation, a behavioral endophenotype of PD, compared to sham-treated controls, rats injected with mNSCs expressing empty vector (control mNSCs) plus fetal DA neurons, or rats injected separately with either control mNSCs, GDNF-mNSCs, or fetal DA neurons. In addition, survival and differentiation of mNSCs into DA neurons was significantly greater following co-transplantation of GDNF-mNSCs plus fetal DA neurons compared to the other treatment groups as indicated by the greater number of cell expressing both the mNSCs lineage tracer enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and the DA neuron marker tyrosine hydroxylase. The success of cell-based therapies for PD may be greatly improved by co-transplantation of fetal DA neurons with mNSCs genetically modified to overexpress trophic factors such as GDNF that support differentiation into DA cells and their survival in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingli Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanxin Liang
- Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States of America
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhiyong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ru’en Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery; China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jinkun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaobin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Deqiang Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongtang Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| |
Collapse
|