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Christen M, Gregor KM, Böttcher-Künneke A, Lombardo MS, Baumgärtner W, Jagannathan V, Puff C, Leeb T. Intragenic MFSD8 duplication and histopathological findings in a rabbit with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Anim Genet 2024; 55:588-598. [PMID: 38712841 DOI: 10.1111/age.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) are among the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders of early life in humans. Disease-causing variants have been described for 13 different NCL genes. In this study, a refined pathological characterization of a female rabbit with progressive neurological signs reminiscent of NCL was performed. Cytoplasmic pigment present in neurons was weakly positive with Sudan black B and autofluorescent. Immunohistology revealed astrogliosis, microgliosis and axonal degeneration. During the subsequent genetic investigation, the genome of the affected rabbit was sequenced and examined for private variants in NCL candidate genes. The analysis revealed a homozygous ~10.7 kb genomic duplication on chromosome 15 comprising parts of the MFSD8 gene, NC_013683.1:g.103,727,963_103,738,667dup. The duplication harbors two internal protein coding exons and is predicted to introduce a premature stop codon into the transcript, truncating ~50% of the wild-type MFSD8 open reading frame encoding the major facilitator superfamily domain containing protein 8, XP_002717309.2:p.(Glu235Leufs*23). Biallelic loss-of-function variants in MFSD8 have been described to cause NCL7 in human patients, dogs and a single cat. The available clinical and pathological data, together with current knowledge about MFSD8 variants and their functional impact in other species, point to the MFSD8 duplication as a likely causative defect for the observed phenotype in the affected rabbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Christen
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina M Gregor
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Mara S Lombardo
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christina Puff
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Cocostîrc V, Paștiu AI, Pusta DL. An Overview of Canine Inherited Neurological Disorders with Known Causal Variants. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3568. [PMID: 38003185 PMCID: PMC10668755 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary neurological conditions documented in dogs encompass congenital, neonatal, and late-onset disorders, along with both progressive and non-progressive forms. In order to identify the causal variant of a disease, the main two approaches are genome-wide investigations and candidate gene investigation. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals currently lists 418 Mendelian disorders specific to dogs, of which 355 have their likely causal genetic variant identified. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the canine nervous system phenes and their genetic causal variant. It has been noted that the majority of these diseases have an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Additionally, the dog breeds that are more prone to develop such diseases are the Golden Retriever, in which six inherited neurological disorders with a known causal variant have been documented, and the Belgian Shepherd, in which five such disorders have been documented. DNA tests can play a vital role in effectively managing and ultimately eradicating inherited diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Cocostîrc
- Department of Genetics and Hereditary Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.I.P.); (D.L.P.)
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3
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Pervin S, Islam MS, Tada N, Tsutsui T, Rahman MM, Yabuki A, Tacharina MR, Rakib TM, Maki S, Yamato O. Screening and Carrier Rate of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis in Chihuahua Dogs in Japan. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:1210. [PMID: 35565635 PMCID: PMC9106037 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of rare lethal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage diseases that occur in a range of dog breeds, including Chihuahuas. Recently, a homozygous single base-pair deletion (c.846delT), which causes a frame shift generating a premature stop codon (p.Phe282Leufs13*) in the canine CLN7/MFSD8 gene, has been identified as a causative mutation for NCL in Chihuahuas. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of the mutant allele and/or carrier rate of NCL in Chihuahuas in Japan using a newly designed real-time PCR assay. Samples of saliva were randomly collected from 1007 Chihuahua puppies during physical examinations prior to the transportation to pet shops. Screening results revealed a carrier rate of 1.29%, indicating a mutant allele frequency (0.00645) that is considered sufficiently high to warrant measures for the control and prevention of this lethal disease. The genotyping assay designed in this study could make a valuable contribution to the control and prevention of NCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaj Pervin
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Md Shafiqul Islam
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Naomi Tada
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Japan Institute of Small Animal Reproduction (Bio Art), 3-16-9 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0047, Japan;
| | - Toshihiko Tsutsui
- Japan Institute of Small Animal Reproduction (Bio Art), 3-16-9 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0047, Japan;
| | - Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Akira Yabuki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Martia Rani Tacharina
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Campus C, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Tofazzal Md Rakib
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Shinichiro Maki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Osamu Yamato
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.P.); (M.S.I.); (N.T.); (M.M.R.); (A.Y.); (M.R.T.); (T.M.R.); (S.M.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Campus C, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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Tamura S, Tamura Y, Nakamoto Y, Hasegawa D, Tsuboi M, Uchida K, Yabuki A, Yamato O. Positioning Head Tilt in Canine Lysosomal Storage Disease: A Retrospective Observational Descriptive Study. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:802668. [PMID: 34970622 PMCID: PMC8712568 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.802668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Positioning head tilt is a neurological sign that has recently been described in dogs with congenital cerebellar malformations. This head tilt is triggered in response to head movement and is believed to be caused by a lack of inhibition of the vestibular nuclei by the cerebellar nodulus and ventral uvula (NU), as originally reported cases were dogs with NU hypoplasia. We hypothesized that other diseases, such as lysosomal storage diseases that cause degeneration in the whole brain, including NU, may cause NU dysfunction and positioning head tilt. Videos of the clinical signs of canine lysosomal storage disease were retrospectively evaluated. In addition, post-mortem NU specimens from each dog were histopathologically evaluated. Nine dogs were included, five with lysosomal storage disease, two Chihuahuas with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), two Border Collies with NCL, one Shikoku Inu with NCL, two Toy Poodles with GM2 gangliosidosis, and two Shiba Inus with GM1 gangliosidosis. Twenty-eight videos recorded the clinical signs of the dogs. In these videos, positioning head tilt was observed in seven of nine dogs, two Chihuahuas with NCL, one Border Collie with NCL, one Shikoku Inu with NCL, one Toy Poodle with GM2 gangliosidosis, and two Shiba Inus with GM1 gangliosidosis. Neuronal degeneration and loss of NU were histopathologically confirmed in all diseases. As positioning head tilt had not been described until 2016, it may have been overlooked and may be a common clinical sign and pathophysiology in dogs with NU dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuya Nakamoto
- Neuro Vets Animal Neurology Clinic, Kyoto, Japan.,Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Tsuboi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yabuki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamato
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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5
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Hedgespeth BA, Birkenheuer AJ, Friedenberg SG, Olby NJ, Meurs KM. A novel missense mutation of the NAT10 gene in a juvenile Schnauzer dog with chronic respiratory tract infections. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 35:1542-1546. [PMID: 33755251 PMCID: PMC8162599 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An 18-month-old intact male Schnauzer dog was evaluated for chronic, lifelong respiratory tract infections that were unresponsive to administration of a variety of antibiotics and corticosteroids. The dog developed persistent vomiting and diarrhea around 1 year of age that was minimally responsive to diet change, antibiotics, and corticosteroids. Despite supportive care, the dog was ultimately euthanized at 20 months of age due to persistent respiratory and gastrointestinal disease. Whole genome sequencing discovered a deleterious missense A/C mutation within the NAT10 gene, a gene essential for microtubule acetylation, appropriate ciliary development, and cytokinesis. Pipeline analysis of the genomes of 579 dogs from 55 breeds did not detect this mutation. Though never described in veterinary medicine, NAT10 mutation occurs in humans with ciliary aplasia, suggesting a pathophysiological mechanism for this dog and highlighting an associated mutation or possible novel genetic cause of chronic respiratory infections in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry A. Hedgespeth
- Department of Clinical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Adam J. Birkenheuer
- Department of Clinical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Steven G. Friedenberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Natasha J. Olby
- Department of Clinical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
- Comparative Medicine InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kathryn M. Meurs
- Department of Clinical SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
- Comparative Medicine InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
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7
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Guevar J, Hug P, Giebels F, Durand A, Jagannathan V, Leeb T. A major facilitator superfamily domain 8 frameshift variant in a cat with suspected neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. J Vet Intern Med 2019; 34:289-293. [PMID: 31860737 PMCID: PMC6979099 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2‐year‐old male domestic shorthair cat was presented for a progressive history of abnormal posture, behavior, and mentation. Menace response was absent bilaterally, and generalized tremors were identified on neurological examination. A neuroanatomical diagnosis of diffuse brain dysfunction was made. A neurodegenerative disorder was suspected. Magnetic resonance imaging findings further supported the clinical suspicion. Whole‐genome sequencing of the affected cat with filtering of variants against a database of unaffected cats was performed. Candidate variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing followed by genotyping of a control population. Two homozygous private (unique to individual or families and therefore absent from the breed‐matched controlled population) protein‐changing variants in the major facilitator superfamily domain 8 (MFSD8) gene, a known candidate gene for neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 7 (CLN7), were identified. The affected cat was homozygous for the alternative allele at both variants. This is the first report of a pathogenic alteration of the MFSD8 gene in a cat strongly suspected to have CLN7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Guevar
- Division of Clinical Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Petra Hug
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Felix Giebels
- Division of Clinical Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexane Durand
- Division of Clinical Radiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Cardiac pathology in neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL): More than a mere co-morbidity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165643. [PMID: 31863828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are mostly seen as diseases affecting the central nervous system, but there is accumulating evidence that they have co-morbidities outside the brain. One of these co-morbidities is a decline in cardiac function. This is becoming increasingly recognised in teenagers and adolescents with juvenile CLN3, but it may also occur in individuals with other NCLs. The purpose of this review is to summarise the current knowledge of the structural and functional changes found in the hearts of animal models and people diagnosed with NCL. In addition, we present evidence of structural changes that were observed in a systematic comparison of the cardiomyocytes from CLN3Δex7/8 mice.
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Rosenberg JB, Chen A, Kaminsky SM, Crystal RG, Sondhi D. Advances in the Treatment of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2019; 7:473-500. [PMID: 33365208 PMCID: PMC7755158 DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2019.1684258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) represent a class of neurodegenerative disorders involving defective lysosomal processing enzymes or receptors, leading to lysosomal storage disorders, typically characterized by observation of cognitive and visual impairments, epileptic seizures, ataxia, and deterioration of motor skills. Recent success of a biologic (Brineura®) for the treatment of neurologic manifestations of the central nervous system (CNS) has led to renewed interest in therapeutics for NCL, with the goal of ablating or reversing the impact of these devastating disorders. Despite complex challenges associated with CNS therapy, many treatment modalities have been evaluated, including enzyme replacement therapy, gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and small molecule pharmacotherapy. Because the clinical endpoints for the evaluation of candidate therapies are complex and often reliant on subjective clinical scales, the development of quantitative biomarkers for NCLs has become an apparent necessity for the validation of potential treatments. We will discuss the latest findings in the search for relevant biomarkers for assessing disease progression. For this review, we will focus primarily on recent pre-clinical and clinical developments for treatments to halt or cure these NCL diseases. Continued development of current therapies and discovery of newer modalities will be essential for successful therapeutics for NCL. AREAS COVERED The reader will be introduced to the NCL subtypes, natural histories, experimental animal models, and biomarkers for NCL progression; challenges and different therapeutic approaches, and the latest pre-clinical and clinical research for therapeutic development for the various NCLs. This review corresponds to the literatures covering the years from 1968 to mid-2019, but primarily addresses pre-clinical and clinical developments for the treatment of NCL disease in the last decade and as a follow-up to our 2013 review of the same topic in this journal. EXPERT OPINION Much progress has been made in the treatment of neurologic diseases, such as the NCLs, including better animal models and improved therapeutics with better survival outcomes. Encouraging results are being reported at symposiums and in the literature, with multiple therapeutics reaching the clinical trial stage for the NCLs. The potential for a cure could be at hand after many years of trial and error in the preclinical studies. The clinical development of enzyme replacement therapy (Brineura® for CLN2), immunosuppression (CellCept® for CLN3), and gene therapy vectors (for CLN1, CLN2, CLN3, and CLN6) are providing encouragement to families that have a child afflicted with NCL. We believe that successful therapies in the future may involve the combination of two or more therapeutic modalities to provide therapeutic benefit especially as the patients grow older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan B Rosenberg
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Alvin Chen
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Stephen M Kaminsky
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Dolan Sondhi
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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Huber RJ, Hughes SM, Liu W, Morgan A, Tuxworth RI, Russell C. The contribution of multicellular model organisms to neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis research. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165614. [PMID: 31783156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The NCLs (neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis) are forms of neurodegenerative disease that affect people of all ages and ethnicities but are most prevalent in children. Commonly known as Batten disease, this debilitating neurological disorder is comprised of 13 different subtypes that are categorized based on the particular gene that is mutated (CLN1-8, CLN10-14). The pathological mechanisms underlying the NCLs are not well understood due to our poor understanding of the functions of NCL proteins. Only one specific treatment (enzyme replacement therapy) is approved, which is for the treating the brain in CLN2 disease. Hence there remains a desperate need for further research into disease-modifying treatments. In this review, we present and evaluate the genes, proteins and studies performed in the social amoeba, nematode, fruit fly, zebrafish, mouse and large animals pertinent to NCL. In particular, we highlight the use of multicellular model organisms to study NCL protein function, pathology and pathomechanisms. Their use in testing novel therapeutic approaches is also presented. With this information, we highlight how future research in these systems may be able to provide new insight into NCL protein functions in human cells and aid in the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Huber
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Stephanie M Hughes
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre and Genetics Otago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Wenfei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, WC1N 1AX, UK
| | - Alan Morgan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Crown St., Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Richard I Tuxworth
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Claire Russell
- Dept. Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
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Guo J, Johnson GS, Cook J, Harris OK, Mhlanga-Mutangadura T, Schnabel RD, Jensen CA, Katz ML. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in a German Shorthaired Pointer associated with a previously reported CLN8 nonsense variant. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2019; 21:100521. [PMID: 31687336 PMCID: PMC6819867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2019.100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two littermate German Shorthaired Pointers, a male and a female, were adopted as puppies from an animal shelter. Both puppies developed normally until approximately 11 months of age when the male began to exhibit neurological signs including ataxia, vision loss, and behavioral changes indicative of cognitive decline. These signs increased in severity over time. The female remained neurologically normal and healthy. The affected dog was euthanized at approximately 21 months of age. Autofluorescent cytoplasmic storage bodies were detected in neurons in unstained tissue sections from the cerebellum, the cerebrum, and the retina. Electron micrographs of these storage bodies showed that they were membrane bound and that most contained tightly packed aggregates of membranous whorls along with a variety of other ultrastructural features. This ultrastructure, along with the autofluorescence and the clinical signs supported a diagnosis of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL). Unlike earlier investigated forms of canine NCL with causal alleles in ATP13A2, TPP1, MFSD8 and CLN5 that had autofluorescent cytoplasmic storage bodies in cardiac muscle, no autofluorescence was detected in cardiac muscle from the affected German Shorthaired Pointer. A 39-fold average coverage whole genome sequence indicated that the affected German Shorthaired Pointer was homozygous for the A allele of a G > A transversion at position 30,895,648 chromosome 37. This 37:30895648G > A mutation created a CLN8 termination codon that had been previously reported to cause NCL in a mixed breed dog with Australian Shepherd and Australian Cattle Dog ancestry. This nonsense allele was heterozygous in the clinically normal female sibling, while archived DNA samples from 512 other German Shorthaired Pointers were all homozygous for the reference allele. The affected German Shorthaired Pointer and the previously diagnosed mixed breed dog with the same nonsense mutation shaired an identical homozygous haplotype that extended for 4.41 Mb at the telomeric end of chromosome 37, indicating the both dogs inherited the nonsense mutation from a common ancestor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyuan Guo
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Gary S. Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - James Cook
- Specialists in Companion Animal Neurology, Clearwater, FL, USA
| | - Olivia K. Harris
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Robert D. Schnabel
- Division of Animal Sciences and Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Cheryl A. Jensen
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Martin L. Katz
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Corresponding author at: Mason Eye Institute, Room EC-203, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65121, USA.
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12
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Villani NA, Bullock G, Michaels JR, Yamato O, O'Brien DP, Mhlanga-Mutangadura T, Johnson GS, Katz ML. A mixed breed dog with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is homozygous for a CLN5 nonsense mutation previously identified in Border Collies and Australian Cattle Dogs. Mol Genet Metab 2019; 127:107-115. [PMID: 31101435 PMCID: PMC6555421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive declines in neurological functions following normal development. The NCLs are distinguished from similar disorders by the accumulation of autofluorescent lysosomal storage bodies in neurons and many other cell types, and are classified as lysosomal storage diseases. At least 13 genes contain pathogenic sequence variants that underlie different forms of NCL. Naturally occurring canine NCLs can serve as models to develop better understanding of the disease pathologies and for preclinical evaluation of therapeutic interventions for these disorders. To date 14 sequence variants in 8 canine orthologs of human NCL genes have been found to cause progressive neurological disorders similar to human NCLs in 12 different dog breeds. A mixed breed dog with parents of uncertain breed background developed progressive neurological signs consistent with NCL starting at approximately 11 to 12 months of age, and when evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging at 21 months of age exhibited diffuse brain atrophy. Due to the severity of neurological decline the dog was euthanized at 23 months of age. Cerebellar and cerebral cortical neurons contained massive accumulations of autofluorescent storage bodies the contents of which had the appearance of tightly packed membranes. A whole genome sequence, generated with DNA from the affected dog contained a homozygous C-to-T transition at position 30,574,637 on chromosome 22 which is reflected in the mature CLN5 transcript (CLN5: c.619C > T) and converts a glutamine codon to a termination codon (p.Gln207Ter). The identical nonsense mutation has been previously associated with NCL in Border Collies, Australian Cattle Dogs, and a German Shepherd-Australian Cattle Dog mix. The current whole genome sequence and a previously generated whole genome sequence for an Australian Cattle Dog with NCL share a rare homozygous haplotype that extends for 87 kb surrounding 22: 30, 574, 637 and includes 21 polymorphic sites. When genotyped at 7 of these polymorphic sites, DNA samples from the German Shepherd-Australian Cattle Dog mix and from 5 Border Collies with NCL that were homozygous for the CLN5: c.619 T allele also shared this homozygous haplotype, suggesting that the NCL in all of these dogs stems from the same founding mutation event that may have predated the establishment of the modern dog breeds. If so, the CLN5 nonsence allele is probably segregating in other, as yet unidentified, breeds. Thus, dogs exhibiting similar NCL-like signs should be screened for this CLN5 nonsense allele regardless of breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A Villani
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Garrett Bullock
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Osamu Yamato
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Dennis P O'Brien
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Gary S Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Martin L Katz
- Mason Eye Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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13
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Amengual-Batle P, Rusbridge C, José-López R, Golini L, Shelton GD, Mellersh CS, Gutierrez-Quintana R. Two mixed breed dogs with sensory neuropathy are homozygous for an inversion disrupting FAM134B previously identified in Border Collies. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 32:2082-2087. [PMID: 30307654 PMCID: PMC6272042 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Two unrelated 8‐month‐old male mixed breed dogs were presented for evaluation of progressive ataxia, knuckling, and lack of pain perception in the distal limbs. Because of the similarity in age of onset, progression, and clinical findings with previously described sensory neuropathy in Border Collies, the affected dogs were screened for an FAM134B mutation and were determined to be homozygous for the mutation. Despite few phenotypic similarities with other breeds, genetic testing for specific diseases should be considered in mixed breed dogs with compatible clinical signs, especially if ancestry is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Amengual-Batle
- Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Rusbridge
- Fitzpatrick Referrals, Eashing, Surrey, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Vet School Main Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, GU2 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto José-López
- Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Golini
- Northwest Veterinary Specialists, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - G Diane Shelton
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California
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14
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McBride JL, Neuringer M, Ferguson B, Kohama SG, Tagge IJ, Zweig RC, Renner LM, McGill TJ, Stoddard J, Peterson S, Su W, Sherman LS, Domire JS, Ducore RM, Colgin LM, Lewis AD. Discovery of a CLN7 model of Batten disease in non-human primates. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 119:65-78. [PMID: 30048804 PMCID: PMC6200145 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have identified a natural Japanese macaque model of the childhood neurodegenerative disorder neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, commonly known as Batten Disease, caused by a homozygous frameshift mutation in the CLN7 gene (CLN7−/−). Affected macaques display progressive neurological deficits including visual impairment, tremor, incoordination, ataxia and impaired balance. Imaging, functional and pathological studies revealed that CLN7−/− macaques have reduced retinal thickness and retinal function early in disease, followed by profound cerebral and cerebellar atrophy that progresses over a five to six-year disease course. Histological analyses showed an accumulation of cerebral, cerebellar and cardiac storage material as well as degeneration of neurons, white matter fragmentation and reactive gliosis throughout the brain of affected animals. This novel CLN7−/− macaque model recapitulates key behavioral and neuropathological features of human Batten Disease and provides novel insights into the pathophysiology linked to CLN7 mutations. These animals will be invaluable for evaluating promising therapeutic strategies for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi L McBride
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States; Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
| | - Martha Neuringer
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Betsy Ferguson
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States; Division of Genetics, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States; Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Steven G Kohama
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Ian J Tagge
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Robert C Zweig
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Laurie M Renner
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Trevor J McGill
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jonathan Stoddard
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Samuel Peterson
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Weiping Su
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Larry S Sherman
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States; Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jacqueline S Domire
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Rebecca M Ducore
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Lois M Colgin
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Anne D Lewis
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States
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15
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Lingaas F, Guttersrud OA, Arnet E, Espenes A. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in Salukis is caused by a single base pair insertion in CLN8. Anim Genet 2018; 49:52-58. [PMID: 29446145 DOI: 10.1111/age.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are heterogenic inherited lysosomal storage diseases that have been described in a number of species including humans, sheep, cattle, cats and a number of different dog breeds, including Salukis. Here we present a novel genetic variant associated with the disease in this particular breed of dog. In a clinical case, a Saluki developed progressive neurological signs, including disorientation, anxiety, difficulties in eating, seizures and loss of vision, and for welfare reasons, was euthanized at 22 months of age. Microscopy showed aggregation of autofluorescent storage material in the neurons of several brain regions and also in the retina. The aggregates showed positive staining with Sudan black B and periodic acid Schiff, all features consistent with NCL. Whole genome sequencing of the case and both its parents, followed by variant calling in candidate genes, identified a new variant in the CLN8 gene: a single bp insertion (c.349dupT) in exon 2, introducing an immediate stop codon (p.Glu117*). The case was homozygous for the insertion, and both parents were heterozygous. A retrospective study of a Saluki from Australia diagnosed with NCL identified this case as being homozygous for the same mutation. This is the fourth variant identified in CLN8 that causes NCL in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lingaas
- Section of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. box 8146 Dep, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - O-A Guttersrud
- Section of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. box 8146 Dep, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - E Arnet
- Section of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. box 8146 Dep, 0033, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Espenes
- Section of Anatomy & Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. box 8146 Dep, 0033, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Katz ML, Rustad E, Robinson GO, Whiting REH, Student JT, Coates JR, Narfstrom K. Canine neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses: Promising models for preclinical testing of therapeutic interventions. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 108:277-287. [PMID: 28860089 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are devastating inherited progressive neurodegenerative diseases, with most forms having a childhood onset of clinical signs. The NCLs are characterized by progressive cognitive and motor decline, vision loss, seizures, respiratory and swallowing impairment, and ultimately premature death. Different forms of NCL result from mutations in at least 13 genes. The clinical signs of some forms overlap significantly, so genetic testing is the only way to definitively determine which form an individual patient suffers from. At present, an effective treatment is available for only one form of NCL. Evidence of NCL has been documented in over 20 canine breeds and in mixed-breed dogs. To date, 12 mutations in 8 different genes orthologous to the human NCL genes have been found to underlie NCL in a variety of dog breeds. A Dachshund model with a null mutation in one of these genes is being utilized to investigate potential therapeutic interventions, including enzyme replacement and gene therapies. Demonstration of the efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy in this model led to successful completion of human clinical trials of this treatment. Further research into the other canine NCLs, with in-depth characterization and understanding of the disease processes, will likely lead to the development of successful therapeutic interventions for additional forms of NCL, for both human patients and animals with these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin L Katz
- Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
| | - Eline Rustad
- Blue Star Animal Hospital, Göteborg 417 07, Sweden
| | - Grace O Robinson
- Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Rebecca E H Whiting
- Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Student
- Mason Eye Institute, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Joan R Coates
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Kristina Narfstrom
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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17
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Kolicheski A, Johnson GS, Villani NA, O'Brien DP, Mhlanga-Mutangadura T, Wenger DA, Mikoloski K, Eagleson JS, Taylor JF, Schnabel RD, Katz ML. GM2 Gangliosidosis in Shiba Inu Dogs with an In-Frame Deletion in HEXB. J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31:1520-1526. [PMID: 28833537 PMCID: PMC5598891 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistent with a tentative diagnosis of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), autofluorescent cytoplasmic storage bodies were found in neurons from the brains of 2 related Shiba Inu dogs with a young‐adult onset, progressive neurodegenerative disease. Unexpectedly, no potentially causal NCL‐related variants were identified in a whole‐genome sequence generated with DNA from 1 of the affected dogs. Instead, the whole‐genome sequence contained a homozygous 3 base pair (bp) deletion in a coding region of HEXB. The other affected dog also was homozygous for this 3‐bp deletion. Mutations in the human HEXB ortholog cause Sandhoff disease, a type of GM2 gangliosidosis. Thin‐layer chromatography confirmed that GM2 ganglioside had accumulated in an affected Shiba Inu brain. Enzymatic analysis confirmed that the GM2 gangliosidosis resulted from a deficiency in the HEXB encoded protein and not from a deficiency in products from HEXA or GM2A, which are known alternative causes of GM2 gangliosidosis. We conclude that the homozygous 3‐bp deletion in HEXB is the likely cause of the Shiba Inu neurodegenerative disease and that whole‐genome sequencing can lead to the early identification of potentially disease‐causing DNA variants thereby refocusing subsequent diagnostic analyses toward confirming or refuting candidate variant causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kolicheski
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - G S Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - N A Villani
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - D P O'Brien
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | | | - D A Wenger
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
| | - K Mikoloski
- Pittsburgh Veterinary Specialty and Emergency Center, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - J S Eagleson
- Veterinary Specialty and Emergency Center, Blue Pearl Veterinary Partners, Levittown, PA
| | - J F Taylor
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - R D Schnabel
- Division of Animal Sciences and Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - M L Katz
- Mason Eye Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
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18
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Nelvagal HR, Cooper JD. Translating preclinical models of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis: progress and prospects. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1360182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth R. Nelvagal
- Pediatric Storage Disorders Laboratory, Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Cooper
- Pediatric Storage Disorders Laboratory, Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Torrance, CA, USA
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19
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Hirz M, Drögemüller M, Schänzer A, Jagannathan V, Dietschi E, Goebel HH, Hecht W, Laubner S, Schmidt MJ, Steffen F, Hilbe M, Köhler K, Drögemüller C, Herden C. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is caused by the entire deletion of CLN8 in the Alpenländische Dachsbracke dog. Mol Genet Metab 2017; 120:269-277. [PMID: 28024876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are inherited lysosomal storage diseases that have been described in a variety of dog breeds, where they are caused by different mutations in different genes. However, the causative gene defect in the breed Alpenländische Dachsbracke remained unknown so far. Here we present two confirmed cases of NCL in Alpenländische Dachsbracke dogs from different litters of the same sire with a different dam harboring the same underlying novel mutation in the CLN8 gene. Case 1, a 2-year-old male Alpenländische Dachsbracke was presented with neurological signs including disorientation, character changes including anxiety states and aggressiveness, sudden blindness and reduction of food intake. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans showed cerebral atrophy with dilation of all cerebral ventricles, thinning of the intermediate mass of the thalamus and widening of the cerebral sulci. Postmortem examination of the central nervous system (CNS) showed neuronal loss in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and spinal cord with massive intracellular deposits of ceroid pigment. Additional ceroid-lipofuscin deposits were observed in the enteric nervous system and in macrophages within spleen, lymph nodes and lung. Ultrastructural analyses confirmed NCL with the presence of osmiophilic membrane bounded lamellar-like structures. Case 2, a 1,5-year old female Alpenländische Dachsbracke was presented with progressive generalized forebrain disease including mental changes such as fearful reactions to various kinds of external stimuli and disorientation. The dog also displayed seizures, absence of menace reactions and negative cotton-ball test with normal pupillary light reactions. The clinical and post mortem examination yielded similar results in the brain as in Case 1. Whole genome sequencing of Case 1 and PCR results of both cases revealed a homozygous deletion encompassing the entire CLN8 gene as the most likely causative mutation for the NCL form observed in both cases. The deletion follows recessive inheritance since the dam and a healthy male littermate of Case 1 were tested as heterozygous carriers. This is the first detailed description of CLN8 gene associated NCL in Alpenländische Dachsbracke dogs and thus provides a novel canine CLN8 model for this lysosomal storage disease. The presence of ceroid lipofuscin in extracerebral tissues may help to confirm the diagnosis of NCL in vivo, especially in new dog breeds where the underlying mutation is not known.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hirz
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany.
| | - M Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Schänzer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - V Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Dietschi
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - H H Goebel
- Institute of Neuropathology Charité, University Berlin, Germany
| | - W Hecht
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - S Laubner
- Clinic for Small Animals - Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - M J Schmidt
- Clinic for Small Animals - Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - F Steffen
- Clinic for Small Animals - Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Hilbe
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Köhler
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - C Drögemüller
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - C Herden
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
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20
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Kolicheski A, Barnes Heller HL, Arnold S, Schnabel RD, Taylor JF, Knox CA, Mhlanga-Mutangadura T, O'Brien DP, Johnson GS, Dreyfus J, Katz ML. Homozygous PPT1 Splice Donor Mutation in a Cane Corso Dog With Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 31:149-157. [PMID: 28008682 PMCID: PMC5259623 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A 10‐month‐old spayed female Cane Corso dog was evaluated after a 2‐month history of progressive blindness, ataxia, and lethargy. Neurologic examination abnormalities indicated a multifocal lesion with primarily cerebral and cerebellar signs. Clinical worsening resulted in humane euthanasia. On necropsy, there was marked astrogliosis throughout white matter tracts of the cerebrum, most prominently in the corpus callosum. In the cerebral cortex and midbrain, most neurons contained large amounts of autofluorescent storage material in the perinuclear area of the cells. Cerebellar storage material was present in the Purkinje cells, granular cell layer, and perinuclear regions of neurons in the deep nuclei. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) was diagnosed. Whole genome sequencing identified a PPT1c.124 + 1G>A splice donor mutation. This nonreference assembly allele was homozygous in the affected dog, has not previously been reported in dbSNP, and was absent from the whole genome sequences of 45 control dogs and 31 unaffected Cane Corsos. Our findings indicate a novel mutation causing the CLN1 form of NCL in a previously unreported dog breed. A canine model for CLN1 disease could provide an opportunity for therapeutic advancement, benefiting both humans and dogs with this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kolicheski
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - H L Barnes Heller
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - S Arnold
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - R D Schnabel
- Division of Animal Sciences and Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - J F Taylor
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | | | | | - D P O'Brien
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - G S Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - J Dreyfus
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - M L Katz
- Mason Eye Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
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21
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Nolte A, Bello A, Drögemüller M, Leeb T, Brockhaus E, Baumgärtner W, Wohlsein P. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in an adult American Staffordshire Terrier. TIERAERZTLICHE PRAXIS AUSGABE KLEINTIERE HEIMTIERE 2016; 44:431-437. [PMID: 27778018 DOI: 10.15654/tpk-150766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A female, 5-year-old American Staffordshire Terrier with severe progressive neurological deficits, particularly in terms of ataxia and keeping balance, was examined pathomorphologically and a genetic analysis was performed. In neurons of various localizations of the central nervous system an accumulation of a finely granular pale eosinophilic or light brown material was found. In addition, the cerebellum revealed marked degeneration and loss of Purkinje and inner granule cells. The accumulated PAS-positive, argyrophilic, autofluorescent material showed ultrastructurally a lamellar appearance suggestive of lipofuscin. Genetic analysis revealed the presence of a sequence variant in the ARSG gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase G. This case report describes an adult-onset of a neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis that shows similarities with a human disorder termed Kufs disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Wohlsein
- Dr. Peter Wohlsein, Institut für Pathologie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, E-Mail:
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22
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Ashwini A, D'Angelo A, Yamato O, Giordano C, Cagnotti G, Harcourt-Brown T, Mhlanga-Mutangadura T, Guo J, Johnson GS, Katz ML. Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis associated with an MFSD8 mutation in Chihuahuas. Mol Genet Metab 2016; 118:326-32. [PMID: 27211611 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are hereditary neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive declines in neurological functions, seizures, and premature death. NCLs result from mutations in at least 13 different genes. Canine versions of the NCLs can serve as important models in developing effective therapeutic interventions for these diseases. NCLs have been described in a number of dog breeds, including Chihuahuas. Studies were undertaken to further characterize the pathology of Chihuahua NCL and to verify its molecular genetic basis. Four unrelated client owned Chihuahuas from Japan, Italy and England that exhibited progressive neurological signs consistent with a diagnosis of NCL underwent neurological examinations. Brain and in some cases also retinal and heart tissues were examined postmortem for the presence of lysosomal storage bodies characteristic of NCL. The affected dogs exhibited massive accumulation of autofluorescent lysosomal storage bodies in the brain, retina and heart accompanied by brain atrophy and retinal degeneration. The dogs were screened for known canine NCL mutations previously reported in a variety of dog breeds. All 4 dogs were homozygous for the MFSD8 single base pair deletion (MFSD8:c.843delT) previously associated with NCL in a Chinese Crested dog and in 2 affected littermate Chihuahuas from Scotland. The dogs were all homozygous for the normal alleles at the other genetic loci known to cause different forms of canine NCL. The MFSD8:c.843delT mutation was not present in 57 Chihuahuas that were either clinically normal or suffered from unrelated diseases or in 1761 unaffected dogs representing 186 other breeds. Based on these data it is almost certain that the MFSD8:c.843delT mutation is the cause of NCL in Chihuahuas. Because the disorder occurred in widely separated geographic locations or in unrelated dogs from the same country, it is likely that the mutant allele is widespread among Chihuahuas. Genetic testing for this mutation in other Chihuahuas is therefore likely to identify intact dogs with the mutant allele that could be used to establish a research colony that could be used to test potential therapeutic interventions for the corresponding human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Ashwini
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA
| | - Antonio D'Angelo
- Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Osamu Yamato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Cristina Giordano
- Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Cagnotti
- Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Juyuan Guo
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA
| | - Gary S Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO, USA
| | - Martin L Katz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA.
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23
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Kolicheski A, Johnson GS, O'Brien DP, Mhlanga-Mutangadura T, Gilliam D, Guo J, Anderson-Sieg TD, Schnabel RD, Taylor JF, Lebowitz A, Swanson B, Hicks D, Niman ZE, Wininger FA, Carpentier MC, Katz ML. Australian Cattle Dogs with Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis are Homozygous for a CLN5 Nonsense Mutation Previously Identified in Border Collies. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1149-58. [PMID: 27203721 PMCID: PMC5084771 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), a fatal neurodegenerative disease, has been diagnosed in young adult Australian Cattle Dogs. Objective Characterize the Australian Cattle Dog form of NCL and determine its molecular genetic cause. Animals Tissues from 4 Australian Cattle Dogs with NCL‐like signs and buccal swabs from both parents of a fifth affected breed member. Archived DNA samples from 712 individual dogs were genotyped. Methods Tissues were examined by fluorescence, electron, and immunohistochemical microscopy. A whole‐genome sequence was generated for 1 affected dog. A TaqMan allelic discrimination assay was used for genotyping. Results The accumulation of autofluorescent cytoplasmic storage material with characteristic ultrastructure in tissues from the 4 affected dogs supported a diagnosis of NCL. The whole‐genome sequence contained a homozygous nonsense mutation: CLN5:c.619C>T. All 4 DNA samples from clinically affected dogs tested homozygous for the variant allele. Both parents of the fifth affected dog were heterozygotes. Archived DNA samples from 346 Australian Cattle Dogs, 188 Border Collies, and 177 dogs of other breeds were homozygous for the reference allele. One archived Australian Cattle Dog sample was from a heterozygote. Conclusions and Clinical Importance The homozygous CLN5 nonsense is almost certainly causal because the same mutation previously had been reported to cause a similar form of NCL in Border Collies. Identification of the molecular genetic cause of Australian Cattle Dog NCL will allow the use of DNA tests to confirm the diagnosis of NCL in this breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kolicheski
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - G S Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - D P O'Brien
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | | | - D Gilliam
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - J Guo
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - T D Anderson-Sieg
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - R D Schnabel
- Division of Animal Sciences and Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - J F Taylor
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - A Lebowitz
- Animal Medical Center of New York, New York, NY
| | - B Swanson
- Animal Medical Center of New York, New York, NY
| | - D Hicks
- Blue Pearl Veterinary Hospital, Tacoma, WA
| | - Z E Niman
- Chicago Veterinary Specialty Group, Chicago, IL
| | - F A Wininger
- Veterinary Specialty Services Neurology Department, Manchester, MO
| | - M C Carpentier
- Veterinary Specialty Services Neurology Department, Manchester, MO
| | - M L Katz
- Mason Eye Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
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24
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Karli P, Oevermann A, Bauer A, Jagannathan V, Leeb T. MFSD8 single-base pair deletion in a Chihuahua with neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Anim Genet 2016; 47:631. [PMID: 27145727 DOI: 10.1111/age.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philemon Karli
- Small Animal Referral Clinic, VET Zentrum AG, Riedäckerstrasse 7, 8422, Pfungen, Switzerland
| | - Anna Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Anina Bauer
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, 3001, Switzerland.
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