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Dhanda V, Kumar R, Yadav N, Sangwan S, Duhan A. Ultimate fate, transformation, and toxicological consequences of herbicide pretilachlor to biotic components and associated environment: An overview. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:41-65. [PMID: 37350328 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are applied for effective weed management in order to increase the crop yield. In recent decades, the overuse of these chemicals has posed adverse effects on different biotic components of the environment. Pretilachlor has been widely used during last few decades for weed management in paddy crop. Its excessive use may prove fatal for environment, various organisms, and nontarget plants. Thus, it is pertinent to know the extent to which herbicide residues remain in environment. The potential mobility and the release rate of herbicide in the soil are important factors governing ecotoxicological impact and degradation rate. Therefore, several techniques are being investigated for its effective removal from the contaminated sites. Furthermore, efforts have also been made to study the degradation of pretilachlor by various physicochemical processes, resulting into the formation of different types of metabolites. This review summarizes the available information on environmental fate, various degradation processes, microbial biotransformation, metabolites formed, ecotoxicological effects, techniques for detection in environmental samples, effect of safener, and various control release formulations for sustained release of pretilachlor in applied fields. The information so obtained will be very advantageous in deciding the future policies for safe and judicious use of the herbicide by maintaining health and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhi Dhanda
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Sarita Sangwan
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Anil Duhan
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Hisar, Haryana, India
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Zhang L, Yin X, Yang H, Wen H, Han S, Pan X, Li H, Peng D. A Sensitive and Specific Monoclonal Antibody Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Rapid Detection of Pretilachlor in Grains and the Environment. Foods 2023; 13:12. [PMID: 38201043 PMCID: PMC10777945 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pretilachlor is a chloroacetamide herbicide mainly used for weed and broadleaf weed control in rice, that is widely utilized in China. In order to detect the residue of pretilachlor in the environment and food, a highly sensitive and specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) against pretilachlor was prepared, and the half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the monoclonal antibody was validated to be 31.47 ± 2.35 μg/L. An indirect competitive ELISA (ic-ELISA) based on the antibody with a linear range of 6.25~100 μg/L was developed. The specificity of the antibody was explained by computer simulations and experimental validation. The mAb exhibited negligible cross-reactivity towards alachlor, acetochlor, propisochlor, butachlor, and metalaxyl, and the limits of detection (LOD) for pretilachlor in lake, rice, and soil samples were 4.83~5.23 μg/L. The recoveries of all samples were 78.3~91.3%. The reliability of the ic-ELISA method for residue detection of pretilachlor in the environment and grains was confirmed using high performance liquid chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Zhang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (X.Y.); (H.Y.); (H.W.); (S.H.); (X.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Xiaoyang Yin
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (X.Y.); (H.Y.); (H.W.); (S.H.); (X.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongfei Yang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (X.Y.); (H.Y.); (H.W.); (S.H.); (X.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Hao Wen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (X.Y.); (H.Y.); (H.W.); (S.H.); (X.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Shiyun Han
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (X.Y.); (H.Y.); (H.W.); (S.H.); (X.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Xiaoming Pan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (X.Y.); (H.Y.); (H.W.); (S.H.); (X.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Huaming Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (X.Y.); (H.Y.); (H.W.); (S.H.); (X.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Dapeng Peng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MOA Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (L.Z.); (X.Y.); (H.Y.); (H.W.); (S.H.); (X.P.); (H.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Kanda T, Srivastava R, Yadav S, Singh N, Prajapati R, Singh PK, Yadav S, Atri N. Pretilachlor-induced physiological, biochemical and morphological changes in Indian paddy field agroecosystem inhabited Anabaena doliolum. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117201. [PMID: 37775005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Pretilachlor is a systemic, pre-emergence herbicide applied in the paddy fields to kill narrow and broadleaf weeds. The present study evaluates the toxicity of pretilachlor on the non-target diazotrophic free-living cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum, commonly found in the paddy fields of eastern Uttar Pradesh (India) and used as a biofertilizer. A.doliolum was subjected to several doses (0, 2, 5, 7, 10, 20 and 40 μg/ml) of pretilachlor and its effects were examined in terms of alterations in cellular morphology, ultrastructure, physiology, and biochemical attributes. The treatment of pretilachlor decreased the growth, total pigment content and photosynthetic efficiency of the test organism in a dose-dependent manner. The decline in growth was observed on 20th day at 2, 5, 7, 10, 20 and 40 μg/ml of pretilachlor concentration by 4, 9, 26, 47, 71 and 92%, respectively. Furthermore, Chlorophyll a and phycocyanin levels were noticeably declined. As a result, the photosynthetic performance also registered a similar decline as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence. However, carotenoid content increased by 13%, 41% and 53% at 5, 10 and 20 μg/ml on 5th day reflecting its protective property. A marked increase in fluorescence intensity and malondialdehyde content by 2.65 and 2.45 folds at 10 and 20 μg/ml on 7th day was registered. The enzymatic antioxidants (SOD and CAT) and a concurrent increase in glutathione reductase activity were registered (1.75 and 2.11-fold at 20 and 40 μg/ml on 5th day), indicating pretilachlor mediated ROS generation. Moreover, ultrastructural studies done by SEM and TEM revealed plasma membrane and thylakoid membrane damage and fragmentation. These findings have contributed to the broader comprehension of the stress responses triggered by pretilachlor in cyanobacteria. Moreover, they can aid in the evaluation of the detrimental impact of pretilachlor on A. doliolum, given their crucial function as a nitrogen contributor in paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Kanda
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Rupanshee Srivastava
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Sadhana Yadav
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Rajesh Prajapati
- Department of Botany, Government College of Art's and Commerce, Beohari, Shahdol, M.P, 48774, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University (A Central University), Pacchunga University College Campus, Aizawl, 796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Shivam Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, U.P., 211002, India.
| | - Neelam Atri
- Department of Botany, MMV, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India.
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Yin F, Qin Z. Long-Chain Molecules with Agro-Bioactivities and Their Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:5880. [PMID: 37570848 PMCID: PMC10421526 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain molecules play a vital role in agricultural production and find extensive use as fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, herbicides, and plant growth regulators. This review article specifically addresses the agricultural biological activities and applications of long-chain molecules. The utilization of long-chain molecules in the development of pesticides is an appealing avenue for designing novel pesticide compounds. By offering valuable insights, this article serves as a useful reference for the design of new long-chain molecules for pesticide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhaohai Qin
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
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