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Tisherman RT, Bulleit C, Champagne AA, Fatora GC, Lau BC. There is high variability in quantitative measurement techniques in glenohumeral capsular measurements for shoulder instability: A systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2024; 32:2161-2169. [PMID: 38796731 DOI: 10.1002/ksa.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Instability of the glenohumeral joint remains a complex clinical issue with high rates of surgical failure and significant morbidity. Advances in specific radiologic measurements involving the glenoid and the humerus have provided insight into glenohumeral pathology, which can be corrected surgically towards improving patient outcomes. The contributions of capsular pathology to ongoing instability remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic review of existing glenohumeral capsular measurement techniques published in the last 15 years. METHODS A systematic review of multiple databases was performed following PRISMA guidelines for all primary research articles between 2008 and 2023 with quantitative measurements of the glenohumeral capsule in patients with instability, including anterior, posterior and multi-directional instability. RESULTS There were a total of 14 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. High variability in measurement methodology across studies was observed, including variable amounts of intra-articular contrast, heterogeneity among magnetic resonance sequence acquisitions, differences in measurements performed and the specific approach taken to compute each measurement. CONCLUSION There is a need for standardization of methods in the measurement of glenohumeral capsular pathology in the setting of glenohumeral instability to allow for cross-study analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clark Bulleit
- Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Brian C Lau
- Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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2
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Luitjens J, Gassert FG, Patwardhan V, Bhattacharjee R, Joseph GB, Zhang AL, Souza RB, Majumdar S, Link TM. Is hip capsule morphology associated with hip pain in patients without another structural correlate? Eur Radiol 2024; 34:4321-4330. [PMID: 38170264 PMCID: PMC11213662 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10307-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goals of this study were (i) to assess the association between hip capsule morphology and pain in patients without any other MRI abnormalities that would correlate with pain and (ii) to investigate whether hip capsule morphology in hip pain patients is different from that of controls. METHODS In this study, 76 adults with hip pain who did not show any structural abnormalities on MRI and 46 asymptomatic volunteers were included. Manual segmentation of the anterior and posterior hip capsules was performed. Total and mean anterior hip capsule area, posterior capsule area, anterior-to-posterior capsule area ratio, and medial-to-lateral area ratio in the anterior capsule were quantified. Differences between the pain and control groups were evaluated using logistic regression models. RESULTS Patients with hip pain showed a significantly lower anterior-to-posterior area ratio as compared with the control group (p = 0.002). The pain group's posterior hip capsule area was significantly larger than that of controls (p = 0.001). Additionally, the ratio between the medial and lateral sections of the anterior capsule was significantly lower in the pain group (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Patients with hip pain are more likely to have thicker posterior capsules and a lower ratio of the anterior-to-posterior capsule area and thinner medial anterior capsules with a lower ratio of the medial-to-lateral anterior hip capsule compartment, compared with controls. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT During MRI evaluations of patients with hip pain, morphology of the hip capsule should be assessed. This study aims to be a foundation for future analyses to identify thresholds distinguishing normal from abnormal hip capsule measurements. KEY POINTS • Even with modern image modalities such as MRI, one of the biggest challenges in handling hip pain patients is finding a structural link for their pain. • Hip capsule morphologies that correlated with hip pain showed a larger posterior hip capsule area and a lower anterior-to-posterior capsule area ratio, as well as a smaller medial anterior capsule area with a lower medial-to-lateral anterior hip capsule ratio. • The hip capsule morphology is correlated with hip pain in patients who do not show other morphology abnormalities in MRI and should get more attention in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Luitjens
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU, Munich, Germany.
| | - Felix G Gassert
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine & Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vasant Patwardhan
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, USA
| | - Rupsa Bhattacharjee
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Gabby B Joseph
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Alan L Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Richard B Souza
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Sharmila Majumdar
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Thomas M Link
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
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3
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Huzum RM, Hînganu MV, Huzum B, Hînganu D. Advances in Molecular Research on Hip Joint Impingement-A Vascular Perspective. Biomolecules 2024; 14:784. [PMID: 39062498 PMCID: PMC11275018 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With the rise in longevity within the population, medicine continues to encounter fresh hurdles necessitating prompt actions, among which are those associated with hip joint aging. Age-related arthropathies encompass damage to bones' articulating extremities and their supporting structures, such as articular cartilage, and alterations in the quantity and quality of synovial fluid. This study aims to summarize the biomolecular methods of hip joint evaluation focused on its vascularization, using data correlated with biomolecular research on other joints and tissues, in order to reach an objective opinion of the study prospects in this field. Following a retrospective study on most modern biomolecular research methods on the synovium, the capsule, and the articular cartilage of the hip joint, we have hereby concretized certain future research directions in this field that will improve the qualitative and morphofunctional management of the hip joint at an advanced age, even within population categories at risk of developing various degenerative joint pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riana Maria Huzum
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Marius Valeriu Hînganu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Huzum
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Delia Hînganu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Iasi, Romania;
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Froerer DL, Khalil AZ, Metz AK, Rosenthal RM, Featherall J, Maak TG, Aoki SK. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Arthrography Are Both Reliable and Similar When Measuring Hip Capsule Thickness in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2024; 6:100874. [PMID: 38328530 PMCID: PMC10847024 DOI: 10.1016/j.asmr.2023.100874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To propose an accurate method of measuring hip capsular thickness in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and to compare the reliability of these measurements between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA). Methods A previously established database of patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) was used to identify candidates with preoperative MRI or MRA from November 2018 to June 2021. Two reviewers independently examined preoperative imaging for 85 patients. Capsular thickness was measured in 12 standardized locations. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated using an absolute-agreement, 2-way random-effects model. Using the same method, 30 patients were randomly selected for repeat measurements by 1 reviewer following a washout period. Ten additional patients with preoperative MRI and MRA of the same hip were identified to compare measurements between modalities using paired samples t test. Results ICCs for measurements on MRIs and MRAs using these proposed measurements to compare inter-rater reliability were 0.981 and 0.985. ICCs calculated using measurements by a single reviewer following a washout period for intrarater reliability were 0.998 and 0.991. When comparing MRI and MRA measurements in the same patient, t test for all pooled measurements found no difference between modality (P = .283), and breakdown of measurements by quadrant found no difference in measurements (P > .05), with the exception of the inferior aspect of the capsule on coronal sequences (P = .023). Conclusions In patients with FAIS, both MRI and MRA have excellent reliability for quantifying hip capsular thickness. A difference in capsular thickness was found only when comparing MRI and MRA on inferior coronal aspects of the hip capsule, indicating interchangeability of these imaging modalities when measuring the clinically important aspects of the hip capsule. Level of Evidence Level IV, diagnostic case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin L. Froerer
- School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A
| | - Ameen Z. Khalil
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A
| | - Allan K. Metz
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A
| | - Reece M. Rosenthal
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A
| | - Joseph Featherall
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A
| | - Travis G. Maak
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A
| | - Stephen K. Aoki
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.A
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Gao G, Fang H, Zhou K, Mo Z, Liu J, Meng L, Wang J, Xu Y. Ultrasound had high accuracy in measuring hip joint capsule thickness. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:101. [PMID: 38287387 PMCID: PMC10823600 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hip joint capsule is an essential component of hip joint function and stability, and its thickness is closely associated with certain medical conditions, surgical outcomes, and rehabilitation treatments. Currently, in clinical practice, hip joint capsule thickness is predominantly measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with limited utilization of ultrasound examinations for this purpose. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated patients who visited our Sports Medicine Department between February 2017 and March 2023 and underwent both hip joint MRI and ultrasound imaging on the same side. All patients had undergone preoperative hip joint MRI and ultrasound examinations, with the time gap between the two examinations not exceeding three months. Measurements of hip joint capsule thickness were taken on both MRI and ultrasound images for the same patients to analyze their consistency. Additionally, we measured the alpha angle, lateral center-edge angle, acetabular anteversion angle, and femoral anteversion angle of the patients' hip joints and analyzed their correlation with hip joint capsule thickness measure by ultrasound. RESULTS A total of 307 patients were included in this study, with hip joint capsule thickness measured by MRI and ultrasound being 5.0 ± 1.2 mm and 5.0 ± 1.5 mm, respectively. The Bland-Altman analysis demonstrates good agreement or consistency. The paired t-test resulted in a p-value of 0.708, indicating no significant statistical difference between the two methods. The correlation analysis between acetabular anteversion angle and ultrasound-measured capsule thickness yielded a p-value of 0.043, indicating acetabular anteversion angle and capsular thickness may have negative correlation. CONCLUSIONS The measurements of joint capsule thickness obtained through ultrasound and MRI showed good consistency, suggesting that ultrasound can be used in clinical practice as a replacement for MRI in measuring hip joint capsule thickness. There was a significant correlation between acetabular anteversion angle and hip joint capsule thickness, indicating potential for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanying Gao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Huaan Fang
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Kaicheng Zhou
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zizhi Mo
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiayang Liu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lingyu Meng
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jianquan Wang
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Gao G, Jiao C, Liu J, Zhou C, Liu Y, Ao Y, Xu Y. Healing of joint capsule after hip arthroscopy using interportal capsulotomy and capsular closure influences clinical outcomes. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:316. [PMID: 35705973 PMCID: PMC9202155 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hip arthroscopy for treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has developed rapidly and has been shown to significantly decrease pain and improve hip function. However, the relationship between hip capsule characteristics and healing after arthroscopic surgery and changes in patient-reported outcomes scores (PROs) for postoperative pain, function, and symptoms is still uncertain. Methods We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients who were diagnosed with FAI and underwent hip arthroscopy for treatment in our hospital between May 2018 and November 2020. All patients had preoperative MRI and postoperative MRI at least 6 months after arthroscopy. Hip capsular thickness was measured at the proximal, middle, and distal site of the capsule. PROs and PROs at final follow-up were obtained, including visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS). Results A total of 194 patients were included in this study. The mean MRI follow-up time was 14.3 (range, 6–37) months, and the mean clinical follow-up time was 26.1 (range, 12–43) months. Postoperative capsular thickness or net change were not correlated with postoperative PROs and VAS (P > .05). Capsular defect was observed in 17 (8.8%) patients. Patients with capsular defect had a relatively higher BMI (P < .05). Patients with capsular defect had a significant lower mHHS and higher VAS compared with patients with continuous capsule (P < .05). Ninety-one percentage of patients with continuous capsule surpassed minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and 80.8% achieved PASS, but only 58.8% of patients with capsular defect surpassed MCID and 47.1% achieved patient acceptable symptom state (PASS). Conclusions Postoperative capsular thickness may not have influence on the clinical outcomes of hip arthroscopy for treatment of FAI. Some capsule of patients who underwent arthroscopic interportal capsulotomy and repair could not heal. Postoperative capsular continuity had a great impact on the clinical outcomes of hip arthroscopy for FAI. Patients with higher BMI may be more likely to have capsule failure to heal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanying Gao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chenbo Jiao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiayang Liu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chang Zhou
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Nguyen KH, Shaw C, Link TM, Majumdar S, Souza RB, Vail TP, Zhang AL. Changes in Hip Capsule Morphology after Arthroscopic Treatment for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome with Periportal Capsulotomy are Correlated With Improvements in Patient-Reported Outcomes. Arthroscopy 2022; 38:394-403. [PMID: 34052373 PMCID: PMC8895710 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the correlation between changes in hip capsule morphology with improvements in patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores after arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) using the periportal capsulotomy technique. METHODS Twenty-eight patients with cam morphology FAIS (without arthritis, dysplasia, or hypermobility) were prospectively enrolled before arthroscopic labral repair and femoroplasty through periportal capsulotomy (anterolateral/midanterior portals) without closure. Patients completed the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (HOOS) and had nonarthrographic 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the affected hip before and 1 year after surgery. Anterior capsule thickness, posterior capsule thickness, anterior-posterior capsule thickness ratio, and proximal-distal anterior capsule thickness ratio were measured on axial-oblique MRI sequences. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the association between hip capsule morphology and PRO scores. RESULTS Postoperative imaging showed that for all 28 patients (12 female), labral repairs and capsulotomies had healed within 1 year of surgery. Analysis revealed postoperative decreases in anterior hip capsule thickness (1395.4 ± 508.4 mm3 vs 1758.4 ± 487.9 mm3; P = .003) and anterior-posterior capsule thickness ratio (0.92 ± 0.33 vs 1.12 ± 0.38; P = .02). Higher preoperative anterior-posterior capsule thickness ratio correlated with lower preoperative scores for HOOS pain (R = -0.43; P = .02), activities of daily living (ADL) (R = -0.43; P = .02), and sport (R = -0.38; P = .04). Greater decrease from preoperative to postoperative anterior-posterior capsule thickness ratio correlated with greater improvement for HOOS pain (R = -0.40; P = .04), ADL (R = -0.45; P = .02), and sport (R = -0.46; P = .02). CONCLUSIONS Periportal capsulotomy without closure demonstrates capsule healing by 1 year after arthroscopic FAIS treatment. Changes in hip capsule morphology including decreased anterior-posterior capsule thickness ratio after surgery may be correlated with improvements in patient pain, function, and ability to return to sports. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, prospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin H. Nguyen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Chace Shaw
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Thomas M. Link
- Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Sharmila Majumdar
- Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Richard B. Souza
- Musculoskeletal and Quantitative Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, U.S.A
| | - Thomas P. Vail
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco
| | - Alan L. Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco
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Alrashdi NZ, Brown-Taylor L, Bell MM, Ithurburn MP. Movement Patterns and Their Associations With Pain, Function, and Hip Morphology in Individuals With Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: A Scoping Review. Phys Ther 2021; 101:6330889. [PMID: 34339508 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to synthesize studies of movement patterns and their association with hip pain, function/activity, and morphology in individuals with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). METHODS PubMed, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched using predefined terms. Two authors independently reviewed abstracts and full texts. Studies were included if they enrolled individuals with FAIS, reported kinematic or kinetic data during movement tasks, and tested the data's associations with hip pain, function/activity, or morphology. Exclusion criteria were studies that did not evaluate associations between movement patters and pain, function/activity, or hip morphology. Additionally, studies with hip conditions other than FAIS, case reports, conference proceedings, review articles, and non-English studies were excluded. Descriptive consolidation and qualitative synthesis were performed for the included studies. RESULTS Of the 1155 potential studies, 5 studies met all eligibility criteria. Movement patterns were evaluated during walking (n = 4) and squatting (n = 1). Studies reported multiple associations between variables of interest. Statistically significant associations were identified between movement patterns and hip pain (n = 2), function/activity (n = 2), or morphology (n = 3). Significant associations included increased hip flexion moment impulse during walking was associated with worse pain, increased hip flexion moment during walking was associated with worse hip function, decreased hip external rotation during gait and hip internal rotation during squat were associated with larger cam deformity, and increased hip flexion moment impulse during walking was also associated with more severe acetabular cartilage abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Very little current evidence has evaluated the associations between altered movement patterns and hip pain, function/activity, or morphology in individuals with FAIS, and only low-intensity tasks have been tested. These studies found some preliminary associations between altered hip biomechanics and higher hip pain, worse hip function, and specific measures of hip morphology in individuals with FAIS. IMPACT This review is a first step in gaining a better understanding of movement patterns and their associations with hip pain, function/activity, and morphology, which could ultimately assist with the development of movement retraining interventions and potentially improve rehabilitation outcomes for those with FAIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif Z Alrashdi
- Department of Physical Therapy, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lindsey Brown-Taylor
- Informatics, Decision-Enhancement, and Analytic Science (IDEAS) Center of Innovation, VA, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Megan M Bell
- UAB Libraries, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Matthew P Ithurburn
- Department of Physical Therapy, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Center for Exercise Medicine and Comprehensive Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, Bone and Autoimmunity Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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