1
|
Lugtu-Pe JA, Zhang X, Mirzaie S, Chang HHR, AL-Mousawi N, Chen K, Li Y, Kane A, Bar-Shalom D, Wu XY. An emerging terpolymeric nanoparticle pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor of celecoxib in controlled release amorphous solid dispersion beads: Experimental studies and molecular dynamics analysis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:2669-2684. [PMID: 38828156 PMCID: PMC11143779 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid oral controlled release formulations feature numerous clinical advantages for drug candidates with adequate solubility and dissolution rate. However, most new chemical entities exhibit poor water solubility, and hence are exempt from such benefits. Although combining drug amorphization with controlled release formulation is promising to elevate drug solubility, like other supersaturating systems, the problem of drug recrystallization has yet to be resolved, particularly within the dosage form. Here, we explored the potential of an emerging, non-leachable terpolymer nanoparticle (TPN) pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor within controlled release amorphous solid dispersion (CRASD) beads comprising a poorly soluble drug (celecoxib) reservoir and insoluble polymer (ethylcellulose) membrane. Compared to conventional pore former, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), TPN-containing membranes exhibited superior structural integrity, less crystal formation at the CRASD bead surface, and greater extent of celecoxib release. All-atom molecular dynamics analyses revealed that in the presence of TPN, intra-molecular bonding, crystal formation tendency, diffusion coefficient, and molecular flexibility of celecoxib were reduced, while intermolecular H-bonding was increased as compared to PVP. This work suggests that selection of a pore former that promotes prolonged molecular separation within a nanoporous controlled release membrane structure may serve as an effective strategy to enhance amorphicity preservation inside CRASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Anne Lugtu-Pe
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Xuning Zhang
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
- Candoo Pharmatech Company Inc., Mississauga L5N 5M1, Canada
| | - Sako Mirzaie
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Hao Han R. Chang
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Nour AL-Mousawi
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Kuan Chen
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Candoo Pharmatech Company Inc., Mississauga L5N 5M1, Canada
| | - Anil Kane
- Patheon by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Toronto Region Operations (TRO), Mississauga L5N 3X4, Canada
| | - Daniel Bar-Shalom
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Xiao Yu Wu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 3M2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thakore SD, Das K, Dalvi SV, Reddy CM, Bansal AK. Microscopic Cracks Modulate Nucleation and Solid-State Crystallization Tendency of Amorphous Celecoxib. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:76-86. [PMID: 38051598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Drugs have been classified as fast, moderate, and poor crystallizers based on their inherent solid-state crystallization tendency. Differential scanning calorimetry-based heat-cool-heat protocol serves as a valuable tool to define the solid-state crystallization tendency. This classification helps in the development of strategies for stabilizing amorphous drugs. However, microscopic characteristics of the samples were generally overlooked during these experiments. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of microscopic cracks on the crystallization tendency of a poorly water-soluble model drug, celecoxib. Cracks developed in the temperature range of 0-10 °C during the cooling cycle triggered the subsequent crystallization of the amorphous phase. Nanoindentation study suggested minimal differences in mechanical properties between samples, although the cracked sample showed relatively inhomogeneous mechanical properties. Nuclei nourishment experiments suggested crack-assisted nucleation, which was supported by Raman data that revealed subtle changes in intermolecular interactions between cracked and uncracked samples. Celecoxib has been generally classified as class II, i.e., a drug with moderate crystallization tendency. Interestingly, classification of amorphous celecoxib may change depending on the presence or absence of cracks in the amorphous sample. Hence, subtle events such as microscopic cracks should be given due consideration while defining the solid-state crystallization tendency of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samarth D Thakore
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Kaustav Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Nadia, Kolkata ,West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Sameer V Dalvi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Gandhinagar,Palaj, Gujarat382355, India
| | - C Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Nadia, Kolkata ,West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Arvind K Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Boel E, Van den Mooter G. The impact of applying an additional polymer coating on high drug-loaded amorphous solid dispersions layered onto pellets. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122455. [PMID: 36460129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting surface crystallization is an interesting strategy to enhance the physical stability of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), still preserving high drug loads. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential surface crystallization inhibitory effect of an additional polymer coating onto ASDs, comprising high drug loads of a fast crystallizing drug, layered onto pellets. For this purpose, bilayer coated pellets were generated with fluid-bed coating, of which the first layer constitutes a solid dispersion of naproxen (NAP) in poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (PVP-VA) in a 40:60 or 35:65 (w/w) ratio, and ethyl cellulose (EC) composes the second layer. The physical stability of these double-layered pellets, in comparison to pellets with an ASD layer only, was assessed under accelerated conditions by monitoring with X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) at regular time intervals. Bilayer coated pellets were however found to be physically less stable than pellets with an ASD layer only. Applying the supplementary EC coating layer induced crystallization and heterogeneity in the 40:60 and 35:65 (w/w) NAP-PVP-VA ASDs, respectively, attributed to the initial contact with the solvent. Caution is thus required when applying an additional coating layer on top of an ASD layer with fluid-bed coating, for instance for controlled release purposes, especially if the ASD consists of high loads of a fast crystallizing drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eline Boel
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Guy Van den Mooter
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yao X, Neusaenger AL, Yu L. Amorphous Drug-Polymer Salts. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081271. [PMID: 34452231 PMCID: PMC8401805 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous formulations provide a general approach to improving the solubility and bioavailability of drugs. Amorphous medicines for global health should resist crystallization under the stressful tropical conditions (high temperature and humidity) and often require high drug loading. We discuss the recent progress in employing drug–polymer salts to meet these goals. Through local salt formation, an ultra-thin polyelectrolyte coating can form on the surface of amorphous drugs, immobilizing interfacial molecules and inhibiting fast crystal growth at the surface. The coated particles show improved wetting and dissolution. By forming an amorphous drug–polymer salt throughout the bulk, stability can be vastly enhanced against crystallization under tropical conditions without sacrificing the dissolution rate. Examples of these approaches are given, along with suggestions for future work.
Collapse
|
5
|
Bhujbal SV, Mitra B, Jain U, Gong Y, Agrawal A, Karki S, Taylor LS, Kumar S, (Tony) Zhou Q. Pharmaceutical amorphous solid dispersion: A review of manufacturing strategies. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2505-2536. [PMID: 34522596 PMCID: PMC8424289 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) are popular for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Various approaches have been employed to produce ASDs and novel techniques are emerging. This review provides an updated overview of manufacturing techniques for preparing ASDs. As physical stability is a critical quality attribute for ASD, the impact of formulation, equipment, and process variables, together with the downstream processing on physical stability of ASDs have been discussed. Selection strategies are proposed to identify suitable manufacturing methods, which may aid in the development of ASDs with satisfactory physical stability.
Collapse
Key Words
- 3DP, three-dimensional printing
- ASDs, amorphous solid dispersions
- ASES, aerosol solvent extraction system
- Amorphous solid dispersions
- CAP, cellulose acetate phthalate
- CO2, carbon dioxide
- CSG, continuous-spray granulation
- Co-precipitation
- Downstream processing
- Drug delivery
- EPAS, evaporative aqueous solution precipitation
- Eudragit®, polymethacrylates derivatives
- FDM, fused deposition modeling
- GAS, gas antisolvent
- HME, hot-melt extrusion
- HPC, hydroxypropyl cellulose
- HPMC, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
- HPMCAS, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate
- HPMCP, hypromellose phthalate
- Manufacturing
- Melting process
- PCA, precipitation with compressed fluid antisolvent
- PGSS, precipitation from gas-saturated solutions
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid
- PVP, polyvinylpyrrolidone
- PVPVA, polyvinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate
- RESS, rapid expansion of a supercritical solution
- SAS, supercritical antisolvent
- SCFs, supercritical fluids
- SEDS, solution-enhanced dispersion by SCF
- SLS, selective laser sintering
- Selection criteria
- Soluplus®, polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer
- Solvent evaporation
- Stability
- Tg, glass transition temperature
- USC, ultrasound compaction
- scCO2, supercritical CO2
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonal V. Bhujbal
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Biplob Mitra
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Uday Jain
- Material Science and Engineering, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Yuchuan Gong
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Anjali Agrawal
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Shyam Karki
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Oral Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Summit, NJ 07901, USA
| | - Qi (Tony) Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Monschke M, Kayser K, Wagner KG. Processing of Polyvinyl Acetate Phthalate in Hot-Melt Extrusion-Preparation of Amorphous Solid Dispersions. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040337. [PMID: 32283725 PMCID: PMC7238276 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparation of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) is a suitable approach to overcome solubility-limited absorption of poorly soluble drugs. In particular, pH-dependent soluble polymers have proven to be an excellently suitable carrier material for ASDs. Polyvinyl acetate phthalate (PVAP) is a polymer with a pH-dependent solubility, which is as yet not thoroughly characterized regarding its suitability for a hot-melt extrusion process. The objective of this study was to assess the processability of PVAP within a hot-melt extrusion process with the aim of preparing an ASD. Therefore, the influence of different process parameters (temperature, feed-rate) on the degree of degradation, solid-state and dissolution time of the neat polymer was studied. Subsequently, drug-containing ASDs with indomethacin (IND) and dipyridamole (DPD) were prepared, respectively, and analyzed regarding drug content, solid-state, non-sink dissolution performance and storage stability. PVAP was extrudable in combination with 10% (w/w) PEG 3000 as plasticizer. The dissolution time of PVAP was only slightly influenced by different process parameters. For IND no degradation occurred in combination with PVAP and single phased ASDs could be generated. The dissolution performance of the IND-PVAP ASD at pH 5.5 was superior and at pH 6.8 equivalent compared to commonly used polymers hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) and Eudragit L100-55.
Collapse
|
7
|
Impact of Drug-Polymer Miscibility on Enthalpy Relaxation of Irbesartan Amorphous Solid Dispersions. Pharm Res 2018; 35:29. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
8
|
Capece M, Davé R. Enhanced Physical Stability of Amorphous Drug Formulations via Dry Polymer Coating. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:2076-2084. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
9
|
Downstream processing of polymer-based amorphous solid dispersions to generate tablet formulations. Int J Pharm 2015; 486:268-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
10
|
Mahmoudi ZN, Upadhye SB, Ferrizzi D, Rajabi-Siahboomi AR. In vitro characterization of a novel polymeric system for preparation of amorphous solid drug dispersions. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 16:685-97. [PMID: 24789531 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9590-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of amorphous solid dispersions using polymers is a commonly used formulation strategy for enhancing the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. However, often a single polymer may not bring about a significant enhancement in solubility or amorphous stability of a poorly water-soluble drug. This study describes application of a unique and novel binary polymeric blend in preparation of solid dispersions. The objective of this study was to investigate amorphous solid dispersions of glipizide, a BCS class II model drug, in a binary polymeric system of polyvinyl acetate phthalate (PVAP) and hypromellose (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC). The solid dispersions were prepared using two different solvent methods: rotary evaporation (rotavap) and fluid bed drug layering on sugar spheres. The performance and physical stability of the dispersions were evaluated with non-sink dissolution testing, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and modulated differential scanning calorimetry (mDSC). PXRD analysis demonstrated an amorphous state for glipizide, and mDSC showed no evidence of phase separation. Non-sink dissolution testing in pH 7.5 phosphate buffer indicated more than twofold increase in apparent solubility of the drug with PVAP-HPMC system. The glipizide solid dispersions demonstrated a high glass transition temperature (Tg) and acceptable chemical and physical stability during the stability period irrespective of the manufacturing process. In conclusion, the polymeric blend of PVAP-HPMC offers a unique formulation approach for developing amorphous solid dispersions with the flexibility towards the use of these polymers in different ratios and combined quantities depending on drug properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra N Mahmoudi
- Colorcon Incorporated, 275 Ruth Road, Harleysville, Pennsylvania, 19438, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Priemel PA, Laitinen R, Barthold S, Grohganz H, Lehto VP, Rades T, Strachan CJ. Inhibition of surface crystallisation of amorphous indomethacin particles in physical drug–polymer mixtures. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:301-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
12
|
Guo Z, Lu M, Li Y, Pang H, Lin L, Liu X, Wu C. The utilization of drug-polymer interactions for improving the chemical stability of hot-melt extruded solid dispersions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 66:285-96. [PMID: 24433427 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interactions between drugs and polymers were utilized to lower the processing temperature of hot-melt extrusion (HME), and thus minimize the thermal degradation of heat-sensitive drugs during preparation of amorphous solid dispersions. METHODS Diflunisal (DIF), which would degrade upon melting, was selected as a model drug. Hydrogen bonds between DIF and polymeric carriers (PVP K30, PVP VA64, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and Soluplus) were revealed by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The hot-melt extruded solid dispersion was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). KEY FINDINGS The results of hot-stage polar microscopy indicated that DIF was dissolved in molten polymers at 160°C, much lower than the melting point of DIF (215°C). At this temperature, amorphous solid dispersions were successfully produced by HME, as confirmed by XRD and SEM. The related impurities in amorphous solid dispersions detected by HPLC were lower than 0.3%, indicating that thermal degradation was effectively minimized. The dissolution of DIF from amorphous solid dispersions was significantly enhanced as compared with the pure crystalline drug. CONCLUSION This technique based on drug-polymer interactions to prepare chemically stable amorphous solid dispersions by HME provides an attractive opportunity for development of heat-sensitive drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhefei Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Paudel A, Worku ZA, Meeus J, Guns S, Van den Mooter G. Manufacturing of solid dispersions of poorly water soluble drugs by spray drying: Formulation and process considerations. Int J Pharm 2013; 453:253-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
14
|
Grohganz H, Löbmann K, Priemel P, Tarp Jensen K, Graeser K, Strachan C, Rades T. Amorphous drugs and dosage forms. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(13)50057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|