1
|
Lauterberg M, Tschiersch H, Zhao Y, Kuhlmann M, Mücke I, Papa R, Bitocchi E, Neumann K. Implementation of theoretical non-photochemical quenching (NPQ (T)) to investigate NPQ of chickpea under drought stress with High-throughput Phenotyping. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13970. [PMID: 38886488 PMCID: PMC11183218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is a protective mechanism for dissipating excess energy generated during photosynthesis in the form of heat. The accelerated relaxation of the NPQ in fluctuating light can lead to an increase in the yield and dry matter productivity of crops. Since the measurement of NPQ is time-consuming and requires specific light conditions, theoretical NPQ (NPQ(T)) was introduced for rapid estimation, which could be suitable for High-throughput Phenotyping. We investigated the potential of NPQ(T) to be used for testing plant genetic resources of chickpea under drought stress with non-invasive High-throughput Phenotyping complemented with yield traits. Besides a high correlation between the hundred-seed-weight and the Estimated Biovolume, significant differences were observed between the two types of chickpea desi and kabuli for Estimated Biovolume and NPQ(T). Desi was able to maintain the Estimated Biovolume significantly better under drought stress. One reason could be the effective dissipation of excess excitation energy in photosystem II, which can be efficiently measured as NPQ(T). Screening of plant genetic resources for photosynthetic performance could take pre-breeding to a higher level and can be implemented in a variety of studies, such as here with drought stress or under fluctuating light in a High-throughput Phenotyping manner using NPQ(T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madita Lauterberg
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Henning Tschiersch
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Markus Kuhlmann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Ingo Mücke
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Roberto Papa
- Marche Polytechnic University (UNIVPM), Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Kerstin Neumann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fang J, Shi G, Wei S, Ma J, Zhang X, Wang J, Chen L, Liu Y, Zhao X, Lu Z. Drought Sensitivity of Spring Wheat Cultivars Shapes Rhizosphere Microbial Community Patterns in Response to Drought. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3650. [PMID: 37896113 PMCID: PMC10609721 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the most important natural disaster affecting crop growth and development. Crop rhizosphere microorganisms can affect crop growth and development, enhance the effective utilization of nutrients, and resist adversity and hazards. In this paper, six spring wheat varieties were used as research material in the dry farming area of the western foot of the Greater Khingan Mountains, and two kinds of water control treatments were carried out: dry shed rain prevention (DT) and regulated water replenishment (CK). Phenotypic traits, including physiological and biochemical indices, drought resistance gene expression, soil enzyme activity, soil nutrient content, and the responses of potential functional bacteria and fungi under drought stress, were systematically analyzed. The results showed that compared with the control (CK), the leaf wilting, drooping, and yellowing of six spring wheat varieties were enhanced under drought (DT) treatment. The plant height, fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs), soil total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP), organic carbon (SOC), and soil alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP) contents were significantly decreased, among which, FW, Gs and MBC decreased by more than 7.84%, 17.43% and 11.31%, respectively. By contrast, the soil total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and soil catalase (S-CAT) contents were significantly increased (p < 0.05). TaWdreb2 and TaBADHb genes were highly expressed in T.D40, T.L36, and T.L33 and were expressed at low levels in T.N2, T.B12, and T.F5. Among them, the relative expression of the TaWdreb2 gene in T.L36 was significantly increased by 2.683 times compared with CK. Soil TN and TP are the most sensitive to drought stress and can be used as the characteristic values of drought stress. Based on this, a drought-tolerant variety (T.L36) and a drought-sensitive variety (T.B12) were selected to further analyze the changes in rhizosphere microorganisms. Drought treatment and cultivar differences significantly affected the composition of the rhizosphere microbial community. Drought caused a decrease in the complexity of the rhizosphere microbial network, and the structure of bacteria was more complex than that of fungi. The Shannon index and network modular number of bacteria in these varieties (T.L36) increased, with rich small-world network properties. Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota were the dominant bacteria under drought treatment. The beneficial bacteria Bacillus, Penicillium, and Blastococcus were enriched in the rhizosphere of T.L36. Brevibacillus and Glycomyce were enriched in the rhizosphere of T.B12. In general, drought can inhibit the growth and development of spring wheat, and spring wheat can resist drought hazards by regulating the expression of drought-related genes, regulating physiological metabolites, and enriching beneficial microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fang
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.F.); (G.S.); (S.W.); (J.M.); (Y.L.)
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (L.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization (Hohhot), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Degradation Farmland Ecological Restoration and Pollution Control, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Gongfu Shi
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.F.); (G.S.); (S.W.); (J.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shuli Wei
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.F.); (G.S.); (S.W.); (J.M.); (Y.L.)
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (L.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization (Hohhot), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Degradation Farmland Ecological Restoration and Pollution Control, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.F.); (G.S.); (S.W.); (J.M.); (Y.L.)
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (L.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization (Hohhot), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Degradation Farmland Ecological Restoration and Pollution Control, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Xiangqian Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (L.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization (Hohhot), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Degradation Farmland Ecological Restoration and Pollution Control, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (L.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization (Hohhot), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Degradation Farmland Ecological Restoration and Pollution Control, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Liyu Chen
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (L.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization (Hohhot), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Degradation Farmland Ecological Restoration and Pollution Control, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.F.); (G.S.); (S.W.); (J.M.); (Y.L.)
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (L.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization (Hohhot), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Degradation Farmland Ecological Restoration and Pollution Control, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhao
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.F.); (G.S.); (S.W.); (J.M.); (Y.L.)
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (L.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization (Hohhot), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Degradation Farmland Ecological Restoration and Pollution Control, Hohhot 010031, China
| | - Zhanyuan Lu
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010020, China; (J.F.); (G.S.); (S.W.); (J.M.); (Y.L.)
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (X.Z.); (J.W.); (L.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Black Soil Protection and Utilization (Hohhot), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Degradation Farmland Ecological Restoration and Pollution Control, Hohhot 010031, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Poggi GM, Corneti S, Aloisi I, Ventura F. Environment-oriented selection criteria to overcome controversies in breeding for drought resistance in wheat. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153895. [PMID: 36529076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops, representing a fundamental source of calories and protein for the global human population. Drought stress (DS) is a widespread phenomenon, already affecting large wheat-growing areas worldwide, and a major threat for cereal productivity, resulting in consistent losses in average grain yield (GY). Climate change is projected to exacerbate DS incidence and severity by increasing temperatures and changing rainfall patterns. Estimating that wheat production has to substantially increase to guarantee food security to a demographically expanding human population, the need for breeding programs focused on improving wheat drought resistance is manifest. Drought occurrence, in terms of time of appearance, duration, frequency, and severity, along the plant's life cycle varies significantly among different environments and different agricultural years, making it difficult to identify reliable phenological, morphological, and functional traits to be used as effective breeding tools. The situation is further complicated by the presence of confounding factors, e.g., other concomitant abiotic stresses, in an open-field context. Consequently, the relationship between morpho-functional traits and GY under water deficit is often contradictory; moreover, controversies have emerged not only on which traits are to be preferred, but also on how one specific trait should be desired. In this review, we attempt to identify the possible causes of these disputes and propose the most suitable selection criteria in different target environments and, thus, the best trait combinations for breeders in different drought contexts. In fact, an environment-oriented approach could be a valuable solution to overcome controversies in identifying the proper selection criteria for improving wheat drought resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Maria Poggi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simona Corneti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Iris Aloisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Ventura
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sheng K, Xu L, Wang M, Lei H, Duan A. The end-use quality of wheat can be enhanced by optimal water management without incurring yield loss. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1030763. [PMID: 36438148 PMCID: PMC9684672 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1030763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In China, water-saving irrigation is playing important roles in ensuring food security, and improving wheat quality. A barrel experiment was conducted with three winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes and two irrigation pattens to examine the effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on wheat grain yield, water-use efficiency (WUE), and grain quality. In order to accurately control the soil water content, wheat was planted in the iron barrels set under a rainproof shelter, and the soil water content in the iron barrel was controlled by gravity method. The mechanisms whereby water management influences the end-use functional properties of wheat grain were also investigated. The results revealed that RDI improved the end-use functional properties of wheat and WUE, without significant yield loss (less than 3%). Moderate water deficit (60% to 65% field capacity) before jointing and during the late grain-filling stage combined with a slight water deficit (65% to 70% field capacity) from jointing to booting increased grain quality and WUE. The observed non-significant reduction in wheat yield associated with RDI may be attributed to higher rate of photosynthesis during the early stage of grain development and higher rate of transfer of carbohydrates from vegetative organs to grains during the later stage. By triggering an earlier rapid transfer of nitrogen deposited in vegetative organs, RDI enhances grain nitrogen content, which in turn could enhance dough elasticity, given the positive correlation between grain nitrogen content and dough midline peak value. Our results also indicate that the effects of RDI on grain quality are genotype dependent. Therefore, the grain end-use quality of some specific wheat genotypes may be enhanced without incurring yield loss by an optimal water management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Sheng
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lina Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mingxia Wang
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, China
| | - Heng Lei
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, China
| | - Aiwang Duan
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, China
| |
Collapse
|