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Xin M, Bi F, Wang C, Huang Y, Xu Y, Liang S, Cai T, Xu X, Dong L, Li T, Wang X, Fang Y, Xu Z, Wang C, Wang M, Song X, Zheng Y, Sun W, Li L. The circadian rhythm: A new target of natural products that can protect against diseases of the metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00133-4. [PMID: 38631431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system diseases remains to be explored. In the internal environment of organisms, the metabolism of substances such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins (including biohormones and enzymes) exhibit a certain circadian rhythm to maintain the energy supply and material cycle needed for the normal activities of organisms. As a key factor for the health of organisms, the circadian rhythm can be disrupted by pathological conditions, and this disruption accelerates the progression of diseases and results in a vicious cycle. The current treatments targeting the circadian rhythm for the treatment of metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system diseases have certain limitations, and the identification of safer and more effective circadian rhythm regulators is needed. AIM OF THE REVIEW To systematically assess the possibility of using the biological clock as a natural product target for disease intervention, this work reviews a range of evidence on the potential effectiveness of natural products targeting the circadian rhythm to protect against diseases of the metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. This manuscript focuses on how natural products restore normal function by affecting the amplitude of the expression of circadian factors, sleep/wake cycles and the structure of the gut microbiota. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF THE REVIEW This work proposes that the circadian rhythm, which is regulated by the amplitude of the expression of circadian rhythm-related factors and the sleep/wake cycle, is crucial for diseases of the metabolic system, cardiovascular system and nervous system and is a new target for slowing the progression of diseases through the use of natural products. This manuscript provides a reference for the molecular modeling of natural products that target the circadian rhythm and provides a new perspective for the time-targeted action of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Xin
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China; National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Fangjie Bi
- Heart Center, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Yujia Xu
- Department of Echocardiography, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Shufei Liang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Tianqi Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Ling Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Tianxing Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China; Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xueke Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yini Fang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China; Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053 China
| | - Zhengbao Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Xinhua Song
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China.
| | - Yanfei Zheng
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Wenlong Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China.
| | - Lingru Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China.
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Olas B. A Review of the Pro-Health Activity of Asparagus officinalis L. and Its Components. Foods 2024; 13:288. [PMID: 38254589 PMCID: PMC10814860 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The genus Asparagus comprises about 300 species, including A. curilus, A. filicinus, A. reacemosus, and A. officinalis L. A particularly well-known member of the genus is Asparagus officinalis L., also known as "the king of vegetables". Consuming A. officinalis makes an excellent contribution to a healthy diet. Modern studies have shown it to have a diuretic effect and promote defecation; it also demonstrates high levels of basic nutrients, including vitamins, amino acids and mineral salts. Moreover, it is rich in fiber. Asparagus contains large amounts of folic acid (10 cooked shoots provide 225 micrograms, or almost 50% of the daily requirement) and vitamin C (10 cooked shoots provide 25 mg). The present review describes the current literature concerning the pro-health properties of various parts of A. officinalis L., with a particular focus on its spears. It is based on studies identified in electronic databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Knowledge, Sci Finder, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. The data indicate that the various parts of A. officinalis, especially the spears, contain many bioactive compounds. However, although the extracts and chemical compounds isolated from A. officinalis, especially saponins, appear to have various biological properties and pro-health potential, these observations are limited to in vitro and animal in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Olas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Redondo-Cuenca A, García-Alonso A, Rodríguez-Arcos R, Castro I, Alba C, Miguel Rodríguez J, Goñi I. Nutritional composition of green asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.), edible part and by-products, and assessment of their effect on the growth of human gut-associated bacteria. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112284. [PMID: 36596190 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asparagus is considered a healthy food with a high content of bioactive compounds. In this study, the proximate and mineral composition, non-digestible carbohydrates and bioactive compounds of edible spear, spear by-product and root have been evaluated. Their activity on the growth of human gut-associated bacteria has been studied. The results support the high nutritional and functional value of the asparagus, including its by-products, highlighting the potential of the non-edible parts to be used as prebiotics. A remarkable content in xylose, inulin, flavonoids and saponins has been found. It has been shown that the spear by-product can be selectively used to promote the growth of commensal or probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria strains. It has been confirmed that any part of the asparagus has a potential future as a healthy food or as health-promoting ingredients, however more work is required to identify the compounds able to modulate the human gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Redondo-Cuenca
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy. Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra García-Alonso
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy. Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rocio Rodríguez-Arcos
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Pablo de Olavide Universitary Campus, Building 46, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Irma Castro
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy. Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudio Alba
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy. Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy. Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Goñi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy. Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Anticancer Activity of Aqueous Extracts from Asparagus officinalis L. Byproduct on Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216369. [PMID: 34770777 PMCID: PMC8588164 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cultivation of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.; Asp) for food and medicinal use has taken place since the early Roman Empire. Today, Asp represents a worldwide diffuse perennial crop. Lower portions of the spears represent a food industry waste product that can be used to extract bioactive molecules. In this study, aqueous extracts derived from the non-edible portion of the plant (hard stem) were prepared and characterized for chemical content. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and bioactivity of Asp aqueous extracts were assessed in vitro on normal fibroblasts and on breast cancer cell lines. Results showed no interference with fibroblast viability, while a remarkable cytostatic concentration-dependent activity, with significant G1/S cell cycle arrest, was specifically observed in breast cancer cells without apoptosis induction. Asp extracts were also shown to significantly inhibit cell migration. Further analyses showed that Asp extracts were characterized by specific pro-oxidant activity against tumoral cells, and, importantly, that their combination with menadione resulted in a significant enhancement of oxidants production with respect to menadione alone in breast cancer cells but not in normal cells. This selectivity of action on tumoral cells, together with the easiness of their preparation, makes the aqueous Asp extracts very attractive for further investigation in breast cancer research, particularly to investigate their role as possible co-adjuvant agents of clinical drug therapies.
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Santiago B, Feijoo G, Moreira MT, González-García S. Identifying the sustainability route of asparagus co-product extraction: From waste to bioactive compounds. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Paula Laidens C, Iwassa IJ, Stevanato N, Zampar IC, Bolanho Barros BC, Silva C. Obtaining fermentable sugars and fiber concentrate from asparagus by‐product. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabela Julio Iwassa
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Engenharia Química Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) Maringá Brazil
| | - Natália Stevanato
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Engenharia Química Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) Maringá Brazil
| | - Isabella Carolina Zampar
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Ciências Agrárias Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) Umuarama Brazil
| | | | - Camila Silva
- Departamento de Tecnologia Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) Umuarama Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Engenharia Química Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) Maringá Brazil
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Chan YC, Wu CS, Wu TC, Lin YH, Chang SJ. A Standardized Extract of Asparagus officinalis Stem (ETAS ®) Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment, Inhibits Amyloid β Deposition via BACE-1 and Normalizes Circadian Rhythm Signaling via MT1 and MT2. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071631. [PMID: 31319549 PMCID: PMC6683278 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cognitive impairments and circadian disturbances increases in the elderly and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. This study investigated the effects of a standardized extract of Asparagus officinalis stem, ETAS® on cognitive impairments and circadian rhythm status in senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 (SAMP8). ETAS® consists of two major bioactive constituents: 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF), an abundant constituent, and (S)-asfural, a novel constituent, which is a derivative of HMF. Three-month-old SAMP8 male mice were divided into a control, 200 and 1000 mg/kg BW ETAS® groups, while senescence-accelerated resistant mice (SAMR1) were used as the normal control. After 12-week feeding, ETAS® significantly enhanced cognitive performance by an active avoidance test, inhibited the expressions of amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) and BACE-1 and lowered the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) in the brain. ETAS® also significantly increased neuron number in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and normalized the expressions of the melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) and melatonin receptor 2 (MT2). In conclusion, ETAS® enhances the cognitive ability, inhibits Aβ deposition and normalizes circadian rhythm signaling, suggesting it is beneficial for preventing cognitive impairments and circadian rhythm disturbances in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ching Chan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Ci-Sian Wu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chen Wu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan
| | - Sue-Joan Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
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Iwassa IJ, Santos Ribeiro MA, Meurer EC, Cardozo‐Filho L, Bolanho BC, Silva C. Effect of subcritical water processing on the extraction of compounds, composition, and functional properties of asparagus by‐product. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabela J. Iwassa
- Departamento de Engenharia QuímicaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Paraná Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo C. Meurer
- Universidade Federal do Paraná – Campus Avançado Jandaia do Sul Jandaia do Sul Paraná Brazil
| | - Lúcio Cardozo‐Filho
- Departamento de Engenharia QuímicaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Paraná Brazil
| | - Beatriz C. Bolanho
- Departamento de TecnologiaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Umuarama Paraná Brazil
| | - Camila Silva
- Departamento de Engenharia QuímicaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Maringá Paraná Brazil
- Departamento de TecnologiaUniversidade Estadual de Maringá Umuarama Paraná Brazil
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9
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Mollazadeh H, Mahdian D, Hosseinzadeh H. Medicinal plants in treatment of hypertriglyceridemia: A review based on their mechanisms and effectiveness. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 53:43-52. [PMID: 30668411 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertriglyceridemia (HTg) defines as high amounts of triglyceride (TG) in the blood which can lead to serious complications over time. HTg is usually a part of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidemia. Different medications have been used to treat HTg but experimentally, many herbs have been recommended for treating HTg as an adjuvant therapy. In most cases, the recommendations are based on animal studies and limited evidences exist about their mechanisms and clinical usefulness. PURPOSE This review focused on the herbs which have been shown TG lowering effect. METHOD The search was done in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases a 20-year period between 1997 to 2017 with keywords search of medicinal plant, plant extract, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, hyperlipidemia, lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein. RESULTS According to the results, many plants showed positive effects but Allium sativum, Nigella sativa, Curcuma longa, Anethum graveolens and Commiphora mukul had the best TG lowering effect with exact mechanisms of action. CONCLUSION It seems that use of these plants as complementary therapeutics or extraction of their active ingredients along with currently available drugs will improve the management of HTg in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Davood Mahdian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamic and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Adouni K, Zouaoui O, Chahdoura H, Thouri A, Lamine JB, Santos-Buelga C, González-Paramás AM, Maggi F, Mosbah H, Haouas Z, Neffati F, Achour L. In vitro antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory potential and in vivo protective effect of Asparagus stipularis Forssk aqueous extract against high-fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Ku YG, Kang DH, Lee CK, Lee SY, Ryu CS, Kim DE, Polovka M, Namieśnik J, Gorinstein S. Influence of different cultivation systems on bioactivity of asparagus. Food Chem 2018; 244:349-358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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12
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Sui Z, Qi C, Huang Y, Ma S, Wang X, Le G, Sun J. Aqueous extracts from asparagus stems prevent memory impairments in scopolamine-treated mice. Food Funct 2017; 8:1460-1467. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00028f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous extracts fromAsparagus officinalisL. reversed scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments by increasing acetylcholine and expression of BDNF and CREB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifang Sui
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Biotechnology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
| | - Ce Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
- China
| | - Yunxiang Huang
- Asparagus Engineering Technology Research Centre of Hebei
- Qinhuangdao 066004
- China
- Hebei Province Asparagus Industry Technology Research Institute
- Qinhuangdao 066004
| | - Shufeng Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Ministry of Education
- School of Biotechnology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
| | - Xinguo Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
- China
| | - Guowei Le
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
- China
| | - Jin Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi214122
- China
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13
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Wang S, Zhu F. Antidiabetic dietary materials and animal models. Food Res Int 2016; 85:315-331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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14
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Cercato LM, White PAS, Nampo FK, Santos MRV, Camargo EA. A systematic review of medicinal plants used for weight loss in Brazil: Is there potential for obesity treatment? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 176:286-96. [PMID: 26520790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Obesity is a pandemic disease and its prevalence is still increasing. Moreover, it has important costs to public health. In Brazil, many plants are used for weight loss by overweight or obese people, but there is a lack of scientific basis for this practice. Many ethnobotanical studies aiming to characterize this usage have been published, but they are still limited by the region considered and the diversity of the popular knowledge. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was undertaken to systematically review the ethnobotanical surveys regarding the species utilized to reduce body weight in overweight or obese people in Brazil. METHODS Ethnobotanical surveys related to this usage and performed in Brazilian regions were systematically found in MEDLINE, LILACS and Scopus. RESULTS Thirty-three studies were included in this review. Fifty species were popularly utilized to lose weight. The most cited species were Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC, Annona muricata L. and Hancornia speciosa Gomes. Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. were also cited and are supported by either animal or human investigations that indicate some beneficial activity against obesity. However, for the majority of species cited in the included studies, there is no scientific basis that assures the biological effects of this usage. Many studies have demonstrated important effects of these plants on glycemia, serum lipid levels or body weight control in non-obese conditions, which is not sufficient to recommend the use of these plants to reduce body weight in overweight or obese people. CONCLUSIONS Although many plants are popularly used to reduce weight in overweight or obese people in Brazil, there is little scientific evidence corroborating its usage. Based on the ethnobotanical data presented, this review indicates the plants that should be considered for scientifically controlled studies devoted to investigating their effects on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana M Cercato
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Pollyanna A S White
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Fernando K Nampo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Márcio R V Santos
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil
| | - Enilton A Camargo
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, (UFS), São Cristóvão 49100-000, SE, Brazil.
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15
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Schneider M, Sachett A, Schönell AP, Ibagy E, Fantin E, Bevilaqua F, Piccinin G, Santo GD, Giachini M, Chitolina R, Wildner SM, Mocelin R, Zanatta L, Roman Junior WA. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Solidago chilensis in rats. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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16
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Zhang W, Wu W, Wang Q, Chen Y, Yue G. The Juice of Asparagus By-Product Exerts Hypoglycemic Activity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. J Food Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Wenbin Wu
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Yali Chen
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Gaochao Yue
- School of Life Sciences; East China Normal University; 500 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200241 China
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Nishimura M, Ohkawara T, Kagami-Katsuyama H, Sato H, Nishihira J. Improvement of Blood Pressure, Glucose Metabolism, and Lipid Profile by the Intake of Powdered Asparagus ( Lú Sŭn) Bottom-stems and Cladophylls. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 3:250-5. [PMID: 24716185 PMCID: PMC3924997 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.119728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Asparagus (蘆筍 Lú Sǔn; Asparagus officinalis L.) is a common vegetable, long used as an herbal medicine. The cladophylls and bottom-stems of asparagus have various pharmacological effects, but they are generally discarded at harvesting. The present open clinical trial was performed to examine the effects of the intake of cladophylls and bottom-stems on the improvement of metabolic syndrome characterized by hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers ingested either cladophyll or bottom-stem powder (6 g/day) daily for 10 weeks. The cladophyll intake resulted in significant reduction in the subjects’ diastolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and decreased both the left cardio-ankle vascular index score and the total cholesterol level (T-CHO). The bottom-stem intake significantly reduced the subjects’ systolic and diastolic blood pressure and FPG as well as T-CHO. These results suggest the possibility that asparagus cladophylls and bottom-stems differentially improve hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie Nishimura
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan. ; Section of Research and Development, Hokkaido Food Industry Promotion Organization, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ohkawara
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan. ; Pathophysiology and Therapeutics, Hokkaido University Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kagami-Katsuyama
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroji Sato
- Section of Research and Development, Hokushin Foods Co. Ltd, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jun Nishihira
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Xiao ZQ, Wang YL, Gan SR, Chen JC. Polysaccharides from Liriopes Radix ameliorates hyperglycemia via various potential mechanisms in diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:975-82. [PMID: 23939938 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liriopes Radix, which is regarded as both drug and healthy diet, is drunk as tea and used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetes. Based on our previous studies, investigated the hypoglycemic effects and explored the mechanisms of total polysaccharides from Liriope spicata var. prolifera (Liriopes Radix) in a diabetic rat model. RESULTS TLSP reduced hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. The oral glucose tolerance test showed that TLSP could improve the glucose tolerance of diabetic rats. Damage to liver and pancreas tissue was inhibited after treatment with TLSP. Moreover, TLSP increased glycogen content, glucokinase (GK) and glycogen synthetase (GS) activities, and suppressed the elevation of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) activities in liver. Compared with the diabetic control group, GK and GS mRNA expression were significantly elevated, while G6Pase and GP mRNA expression were decreased in TLSP groups. In addition, TLSP could inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3β expression and increase insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate-1, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, protein kinase B and glucose transport protein-4 expression in liver. CONCLUSION TLSP showed hypoglycemic function. Improvement of glucose metabolism and insulin-signaling transduction were possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-qi Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Tongji School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
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Studies on the antidiabetic activities of Cordyceps militaris extract in diet-streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:160980. [PMID: 24738047 PMCID: PMC3967809 DOI: 10.1155/2014/160980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to substantial morbidity and high complications, diabetes mellitus is considered as the third “killer” in the world. A search for alternative antidiabetic drugs from herbs or fungi is highly demanded. Our present study aims to investigate the antidiabetic activities of Cordyceps militaris on diet-streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats. Diabetic rats were orally administered with water extract or alcohol extract at 0.05 g/kg and 2 g/kg for 3 weeks, and then, the factors levels related to blood glucose, lipid, free radicals, and even nephropathy were determined. Pathological alterations on liver and kidney were examined. Data showed that, similar to metformin, Cordyceps militaris extracts displayed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels by promoting glucose metabolism and strongly suppressed total cholesterol and triglycerides concentration in serum. Cordyceps militaris extracts exhibit antioxidative effects indicated by normalized superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels. The inhibitory effects on blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, and protein revealed the protection of Cordyceps militaris extracts against diabetic nephropathy, which was confirmed by pathological morphology reversion. Collectively, Cordyceps militaris extract, a safe pharmaceutical agent, presents excellent antidiabetic and antinephropathic activities and thus has great potential as a new source for diabetes treatment.
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Sakurai T, Ito T, Wakame K, Kitadate K, Arai T, Ogasawara J, Kizaki T, Sato S, Ishibashi Y, Fujiwara T, Akagawa K, Ishida H, Ohno H. Enzyme-treated Asparagus officinalis Extract Shows Neuroprotective Effects and Attenuates Cognitive Impairment in Senescence-accelerated Mice. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Increases in the number of patients with dementia involving Alzheimer's disease (AD) are seen as a grave public health problem. In neurodegenerative disorders involving AD, biological stresses, such as oxidative and inflammatory stress, induce neural cell damage. Asparagus ( Asparagus officinalis) is a popular vegetable, and an extract prepared from this reportedly possesses various beneficial biological activities. In the present study, we investigated the effects of enzyme-treated asparagus extract (ETAS) on neuronal cells and early cognitive impairment of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice. The expression of mRNAs for factors that exert cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic functions, such as heat-shock protein 70 and heme oxygenase-1, was upregulated in NG108–15 neuronal cells by treatment with ETAS. Moreover, when release of lactate dehydrogenase from damaged NG108–15 cells was increased for cells cultured in medium containing either the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside or the hypoxia mimic reagent cobalt chloride, ETAS significantly attenuated this cell damage. Also, when contextual fear memory, which is considered to be a hippocampus-dependent memory, was significantly impaired in SAMP8 mice, ETAS attenuated the cognitive impairment. These results suggest that ETAS produces cytoprotective effects in neuronal cells and attenuates the effects on the cognitive impairment of SAMP8 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakurai
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 181–8611, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ito
- Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., Sapporo 004-0839, Japan
| | - Koji Wakame
- Amino Up Chemical Co., Ltd., Sapporo 004-0839, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Arai
- Department of Clinical Research, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama 339–8551, Japan
| | - Junetsu Ogasawara
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 181–8611, Japan
| | - Takako Kizaki
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 181–8611, Japan
| | - Shogo Sato
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 181–8611, Japan
| | - Yoshinaga Ishibashi
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 181–8611, Japan
| | - Tomonori Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Physiology, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 181–8611, Japan
| | - Kimio Akagawa
- Department of Cell Physiology, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 181–8611, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishida
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 181–8611, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohno
- Department of Molecular Predictive Medicine and Sport Science, Kyorin University, School of Medicine, Tokyo 181–8611, Japan
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Wang J, Liu Y, Zhao J, Zhang W, Pang X. Saponins extracted from by-product of Asparagus officinalis L. suppress tumour cell migration and invasion through targeting Rho GTPase signalling pathway. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:1492-1498. [PMID: 23450726 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Revised: 08/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inedible bottom part (~30-40%) of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) spears is usually discarded as waste. However, since this by-product has been reported to be rich in many bioactive phytochemicals, it might be utilisable as a supplement in foods or natural drugs for its therapeutic effects. In this study it was identifed that saponins from old stems of asparagus (SSA) exerted potential inhibitory activity on tumour growth and metastasis. RESULTS SSA suppressed cell viability of breast, colon and pancreatic cancers in a concentration-dependent manner, with half-maximum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 809.42 to 1829.96 µg mL(-1). However, SSA was more functional in blocking cell migration and invasion as compared with its cytotoxic effect, with an effective inhibitory concentration of 400 µg mL(-1). A mechanistic study showed that SSA markedly increased the activities of Cdc42 and Rac1 and decreased the activity of RhoA in cancer cells. CONCLUSION SSA inhibits tumour cell motility through modulating the Rho GTPase signalling pathway, suggesting a promising use of SSA as a supplement in healthcare foods and natural drugs for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieqiong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Asparagus officinalis extract controls blood glucose by improving insulin secretion and β-cell function in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Br J Nutr 2012; 108:1586-95. [PMID: 22221560 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511007148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic mechanism of Asparagus officinalis, a dietary agent used for the management of diabetes. Streptozotocin (90 mg/kg) was injected in 2-d-old Wistar rat pups to induce non-obese type 2 diabetes. After confirmation of diabetes on the 13th week, diabetic rats were treated with a methanolic extract of A. officinalis seeds (250 and 500 mg/kg per d) or glibenclamide for 28 d. After the treatment, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin and total antioxidant status were measured. The pancreas was examined by haematoxylin-eosin staining and immunostained β- and α-cells were observed using a fluorescence microscope. Treatment of the diabetic rats with the A. officinalis extract at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg suppressed the elevated blood glucose in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The 500 mg/kg, but not 250 mg/kg, dose significantly improved serum insulin levels in the diabetic rats. The insulin:glucose ratio was significantly increased at both doses in the A. officinalis-treated rats. Both qualitative and quantitative improvements in β-cell function were found in the islets of the A. officinalis-treated rats. The extract showed potent antioxidant activity in an in vitro assay and also improved the total antioxidant status in vivo. In most cases, the efficacy of A. officinalis (500 mg/kg) was very similar to a standard anti-diabetic drug, glibenclamide. Thus, the present study suggests that A. officinalis extract exerts anti-diabetic effects by improving insulin secretion and β-cell function, as well as the antioxidant status.
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