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Duo H, Chhabra R, Muthusamy V, Dutta S, Katral A, Sarma GR, Chand G, Mishra SJ, Zunjare RU, Hossain F. Allelic Diversity and Development of Breeder-Friendly Marker Specific to floury2 Gene Regulating the Accumulation of α-Zeins and Essential Amino Acids in Maize Kernel. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10935-x. [PMID: 39369369 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
Maize zeins lack essential amino acids, such as methionine, lysine, and tryptophan. The floury2 (fl2) mutation reduces zein synthesis and increases methionine and lysine content in kernels. In this study, fl2 gene (1612 bp) was sequenced in eight wild-type and two mutant inbreds and detected 218 SNPs and 18 InDels. Transversion of C to T at 343 bp position caused the substitution of alanine by valine in the fl2 mutant. A PCR-based marker (FL-SNP-CT) was developed, which distinguished the favorable mutant fl2 allele (T) from the wild-type (C) Fl2 allele. Gene-based diversity analysis using seven gene-based InDel markers grouped 48 inbred lines into three major clusters, with an average genetic dissimilarity coefficient of 0.534. The average major allele frequency, gene diversity, heterozygosity, and polymorphism information content of the InDel markers were 0.701, 0.392, 0.039, and 0.318, respectively. Haplotype analysis revealed 29 haplotypes of fl2 gene among these 48 inbreds. Amino acid substitution (Ala-Val) at the signal peptide cleavage site produced unprocessed 24-kDa mutant protein instead of 22-kDa zein found in normal genotype. Eight paralogues of fl2 detected in the study showed variation in exon lengths (616-1170 bp) and translation lengths (135-267 amino acids). Orthologue analysis among 15 accessions of Sorghum bicolor and two accessions of Saccharum spontaneum revealed a single exon in fl2 gene, ranging from 267 to 810 bp. The study elucidated the molecular basis of fl2 mutation and reported a breeder-friendly marker for molecular breeding programs. This is the first study to characterize fl2 gene in a set of subtropically adapted inbreds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hriipulou Duo
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rashmi Chhabra
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Suman Dutta
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Gulab Chand
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhra J Mishra
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Firoz Hossain
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
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Duo H, Chhabra R, Muthusamy V, Zunjare RU, Hossain F. Assessing sequence variation, haplotype analysis and molecular characterisation of aspartate kinase2 (ask2) gene regulating methionine biosynthesis in diverse maize inbreds. Mol Genet Genomics 2024; 299:7. [PMID: 38349549 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-024-02096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Traditional maize grain is deficient in methionine, an essential amino acid required for proper growth and development in humans and poultry birds. Thus, development of high methionine maize (HMM) assumes great significance in alleviating malnutrition through sustainable and cost-effective approach. Of various genetic loci, aspartate kinase2 (ask2) gene plays a pivotal role in regulating methionine accumulation in maize. Here, we sequenced the entire ask2 gene of 5394 bp with 13 exons in five wild and five mutant maize inbreds to understand variation at nucleotide level. Sequence analysis revealed that an SNP in exon-13 caused thymine to adenine transversion giving rise to a favourable mutant allele associated with leucine to glutamine substitution in mutant ASK2 protein. Gene-based diversity analysis with 11 InDel markers grouped 48 diverse inbreds into three major clusters with an average genetic dissimilarity of 0.570 (range, 0.0-0.9). The average major allele frequency, gene diversity and PIC are 0.693, 0.408 and 0.341, respectively. A total of 45 haplotypes of the ask2 gene were identified among the maize inbreds. Evolutionary relationship analysis performed among 22 orthologues grouped them into five major clusters. The number of exons varied from 7 to 17, with length varying from 12 to 495 bp among orthologues. ASK2 protein with 565 amino acids was predicted to be in homo-dimeric state with lysine and tartaric acid as binding ligands. Amino acid kinase and ACT domains were found to be conserved in maize and orthologues. The study depicted the presence of enough genetic diversity in ask2 gene in maize, and development of HMM can be accelerated through introgression of favourable allele of ask2 into the parental lines of elite hybrids using molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hriipulou Duo
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rashmi Chhabra
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Firoz Hossain
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
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Kuter E, Ӧnol AG. Increased dietary methionine levels and supplemental L-carnitine do not prevent the development of white striping in broiler chickens. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Paternal Dietary Methionine Supplementation Improves Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Chicken Progeny. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020325. [PMID: 33525477 PMCID: PMC7911529 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects that maternal dietary methionine have on progeny have been reported on broilers. However, the paternal effects are not known, so the current study was conducted to explore the influences of paternal dietary methionine (Met) have on progeny carcass traits, meat quality, and related gene expressions. A total of 192 hens and 24 roosters from Ross parent stock at 36 weeks of age were selected. From week 37 to 46, the roosters were allocated to two groups with three replicates of 4 cocks each, (control, 0.28% Met), and methionine group (MET group, 0.28% Met + 0.1% coated Met). The results revealed that, although the heavier live body weight in progeny at day 49 of control group compared to MET group (p < 0.05), the relative eviscerated yield and relative thigh muscle yield were higher in MET group (p < 0.05); but the relative abdominal fat was lower (p < 0.05). In thigh and breast muscles, a positive response of pH24 h value, shear force (g) and drip loss (%) were observed in MET group (p < 0.05). The lightness (L) and redness (a) were increased (p < 0.05) in breast muscles of MET group, while only the redness (a*24 h) and yellowness (b*24 h) were increased (p < 0.05) in thigh muscles of MET group. The gender has a significant (p < 0.05) effect on carcass traits and muscle redness (a*), where these traits improved in males, and no interaction between treatments and gender were observed for these results. The expression levels of PRKAG2 and PRDX4 supported the changes in muscle pH, with these up-regulated in thigh and breast muscles of MET group, the PPP1R3A gene supported the changes in pH value being down-regulated (p < 0.01) in these same muscles. The BCO1 gene expression was consistent with the changes in meat color and was up-regulated (p < 0.01) in thigh muscles of MET group, consistent with the changes in b* color values. Finally, it was concluded that the supplementation of 0.1% Met to rooster diets could improve carcass characteristics and meat quality of progeny.
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Liu R, Tan X, Zhao G, Chen Y, Zhao D, Li W, Zheng M, Wen J. Maternal dietary methionine supplementation influences egg production and the growth performance and meat quality of the offspring. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3550-3556. [PMID: 32616251 PMCID: PMC7597828 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal dietary coated methionine (Met) on egg production and the quality, growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of the offspring. In total, 288 female Ross parental chickens were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 3 replicates of 32 chickens each. From week 37 to 46, the hens of different groups were fed diets containing low (0.27% Met), adequate (0.27% Met + 0.1% coated Met) (AM), and high (0.27% Met + 0.2% coated Met) (HM) Met. There was a positive response in laying rate and albumen weight in AM and HM groups. For the offspring at market age, BW, eviscerated weight, and muscle weight were increased in the AM group (P < 0.05), whereas excessive supplementation was proven to be negative with those traits. The meat quality (color, pH, and shear force) of breast muscle was significantly influenced by different supplementation levels. The lightness and yellowness were increased in the HM group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively), and redness was decreased in the AM group (P < 0.05). A lower pH value occurred in chickens of the HM group (P < 0.05). The expressions of meat quality–related genes were altered in the supplementation groups. The pH-related genes PRDX4 and PRKAG2 were found to be significantly differentially expressed (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively) and consistent with pH changes. The meat color–related gene BCO1 was also differentially expressed (P < 0.01) and showed a corresponding change with yellowness value. Collectively, the best production performance was in the offspring with 0.1% coated Met supplementation (AM group). Supplementation with 0.2% coated Met (HM group) seemed to be excessive, but laying rate was increased in the HM group. Both results of phenotypic measurements and gene expression demonstrated that maternal-coated Met supplementation resulted in fluctuation of some meat quality indices in the offspring, but all values were still within the range found in normal chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Liu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guiping Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongqin Zhao
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Maiqing Zheng
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China.
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Rehman AU, Arif M, Husnain MM, Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Taha AE, Elnesr SS, Abdel-Latif MA, Othman SI, Allam AA. Growth Performance of Broilers as Influenced by Different Levels and Sources of Methionine Plus Cysteine. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9121056. [PMID: 31805723 PMCID: PMC6941102 DOI: 10.3390/ani9121056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The current work evaluated the utilization of different sources of methionine either from DL-methionine (DL-Met) or L-methionine (L-Met) using different concentrations of dietary methionine plus cystine (Met + Cyst) in broiler chickens. Results showed that a better edible meat yield could be obtained by supplementing Met + Cyst at the rate of 80% of the digestible lysine. Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the utilization of methionine from DL-methionine (DL-Met) and L-methionine (L-Met) with different levels of dietary methionine plus cystine (Met + Cyst) in broilers. The experimental diets were formulated by using three levels of Met + Cyst, i.e., 74%, 77% and 80% of digestible lysine. Met + Cyst was provided either from DL-Met or L-Met. A total of 450 day-old broilers were divided into six groups (five replicates of 15 birds each) in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement under completely randomized design. Weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was determined. At the end of the experiment (35 days), two birds from each replicate were slaughtered to determine carcass characteristics and serum homocysteine. Results indicate that the combined effect of L-Met and DL-Met significantly affected (p < 0.05) the WG in the starter period and FI in the finisher period. Neither source nor level of methionine influenced (p > 0.05) the FI, WG and FCR of broilers during the starter, finisher or overall phase of growth. The interaction between sources and levels of methionine did not influence (p > 0.05) the feed intake, weight gain and FCR during the overall phase of growth. Source of methionine had no (p > 0.05) effect on carcass characteristics. Methionine levels had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on carcass weight, chest weight and thigh weight. The interaction between sources and levels of methionine had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the liver weight. The sources of methionine had significant (p < 0.05) effects on the liver and heart weight, while methionine levels significantly influenced (p < 0.05) the liver and gizzard weight. Finally, it was concluded that if DL-Met and L-Met are included in feed at a standard level, they are equally effective as a source of methionine for broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd Ur Rehman
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (A.U.R.); (M.A.); (M.M.H.)
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (A.U.R.); (M.A.); (M.M.H.)
| | - Muhammad M. Husnain
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; (A.U.R.); (M.A.); (M.M.H.)
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
- Correspondence: or
| | - Ayman E. Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Behira, Rasheed, Edfina 22758, Egypt;
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
| | - Mervat A. Abdel-Latif
- Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
| | - Sarah I. Othman
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, BO. Box 24428, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed A. Allam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef 65211, Egypt;
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Zou X, Xiao R, Li H, Liu T, Liao Y, Wang Y, Wu S, Li Z. Effect of a novel strain of Lactobacillus brevis M8 and tea polyphenol diets on performance, meat quality and intestinal microbiota in broilers. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1365260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuo Zou
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- College of Agricultural and Biological Technology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - Huali Li
- Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Liao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanliang Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha, China
| | - Shusong Wu
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Zongjun Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Changsha, China
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