1
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SUMIYA O, NAKAGAMI K, UETA I, SAITO Y. Molecular Shape Selectivity for Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds on a Poly(benzoguanamine-<i>co</i>-melamine-<i>co</i>-formaldehyde) Stationary Phase in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2022. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2022.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ohjiro SUMIYA
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Koki NAKAGAMI
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
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2
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NAKAGAMI K, SHIMIZU K, SUMIYA O, UETA I, SAITO Y. Molecular Shape Selectivity for Polycyclic Aromatic Compoundson a Poly(4-vinylpyridine) Stationary Phase in Liquid Chromatography. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2021. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2021.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki NAKAGAMI
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Keiichi SHIMIZU
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ohjiro SUMIYA
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
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3
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NAKAGAMI K, AMIYA M, SHIMIZU K, SUMIYA O, KOIKE R, UETA I, SAITO Y. Retention Behavior of Various Aromatic Compounds on Poly(butylene terephthalate) Stationary Phase in Liquid Chromatography. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2020. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2020.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki NAKAGAMI
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Misato AMIYA
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Keiichi SHIMIZU
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ohjiro SUMIYA
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ryota KOIKE
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology
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4
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Mallik AK, Qiu H, Takafuji M, Ihara H. High molecular-shape-selective stationary phases for reversed-phase liquid chromatography: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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5
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SUMIYA O, TAZAWA T, NAKAGAMI K, SHIRAI Y, MORIUCHI K, UETA I, SAITO Y. Spherical Polyimide Particles as a Novel Stationary Phase in Liquid Chromatography. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2018. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2018.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ohjiro SUMIYA
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Toshiaki TAZAWA
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Koki NAKAGAMI
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | | | | | - Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
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6
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SUMIYA O, NAKAGAMI K, KOIKE R, UETA I, SAITO Y. Retention Behavior of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in a Novel Polymer-Based Stationary Phase Liquid Chromatography. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2018. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2018.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ohjiro SUMIYA
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Koki NAKAGAMI
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ryota KOIKE
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
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7
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SATO T, SAITO Y, KOBAYASHI A, UETA I. Separation of Triglycerides in Oils and Fats by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography and the Determination of the Fatty Acid Composition in Gas Chromatography. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2018. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2018.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya SATO
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Akira KOBAYASHI
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
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8
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SAITO Y, UETA I. Miniaturization for the Development of High Performance Separation Systems. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2017. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2017.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro SAITO
- Departmentof Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
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9
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Shahruzzaman M, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Porous silica particles grafted with an amphiphilic side-chain polymer as a stationary phase in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2403-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Shahruzzaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry; Kumamoto University; Kurokami Kumamoto Japan
- Department of Natural Sciences; Daffodil International University; Dhanmondi Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry; Kumamoto University; Kurokami Kumamoto Japan
- Kumamoto Institute of Photo-Electro Organics (PHOENICS); Higashimachi Higashiku; Kumamoto Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry; Kumamoto University; Kurokami Kumamoto Japan
- Kumamoto Institute of Photo-Electro Organics (PHOENICS); Higashimachi Higashiku; Kumamoto Japan
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10
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Śliwka-Kaszyńska M, Ślebioda M. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as test probes to investigate the retention behavior of 1,3-alternate
calix[4]arene silica-bonded stationary phases. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:543-50. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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INOUE M, UETA I, SHIMIZU Y, SAITO Y. Retention Behavior of Aromatic Hydrocarbons on a Novel Chitosan-Based Stationary Phase Synthesized with a Bifunctional Crosslinking Reagent Having Aliphatic and Aromatic Functionalities. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2014. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2014.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru INOUE
- Okazaki Technical Senior High School
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | - Yoshiaki SHIMIZU
- Department of Materials Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
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12
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UETA I, SAITO Y. Needle-type Extraction Device Designed for Rapid and Sensitive Analysis in Gas Chromatography. ANAL SCI 2014; 30:105-10. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.30.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo UETA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Yamanashi
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
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13
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Molecular Shape Selectivity for Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds on a Core–Shell Octadecylsilica Stationary Phase at Subambient Column Temperatures. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Ray S, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Chromatographic evaluation of a newly designed peptide-silica stationary phase in reverse phase liquid chromatography and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography: Mixed mode behavior. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1266:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Mallik AK, Qiu H, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Selectivity enhancement for the separation of tocopherols and steroids by integration of highly ordered weak interaction sites along the polymer main chain. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:229-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Molecular-shape selective high-performance liquid chromatography: Stabilization effect of polymer main chain by alternating copolymerization. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1232:183-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Nakane K, Shirai S, Saito Y, Moriwake Y, Ueta I, Inoue M, Jinno K. High-temperature separations on a polymer-coated fibrous stationary phase in microcolumn liquid chromatography. ANAL SCI 2012; 27:811-6. [PMID: 21828918 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel polymer-coated fiber-packed microcolumns in liquid chromatography (LC) have been developed. Typical polymeric materials, such as polydimethylsiloxane and polyethyleneglycol, which are conventional stationary phases of capillary columns in gas chromatography (GC), have been employed as coating materials onto the surface of fine filaments. Packed longitudinally with a bundle of polymer-coated filaments into a stainless-steel capillary of 0.8 mm i.d., 150 mm length, several types of polymer-coated fiber-packed columns were prepared, and the retention behavior of aromatic compounds on these columns has been studied. A good linear relationship was obtained for van't Hoff plots over the temperature range between 0 and 200 °C, clearly indicating an excellent heat-resistant property of these polymer-coated fibrous stationary phases. Taking advantage of the heat-resistant feature of the fibrous stationary phases, the separation of several test mixtures with temperature-programmed elution was studied, where a solvent gradient program was additionally introduced if needed. Separation was also carried out with pure water as the mobile phase using an appropriate temperature program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Nakane
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
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18
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Rana AA, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Effect of High Density Poly (Vinyl Octadecanoate) Grafted Silica Stationary Phase on Physiochemical Properties and Shape Selectivity Enhancement of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in RP-HPLC. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2011.623028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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19
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YOGO K, TAKEMURA C, SAITO Y, JINNO K. An Abnormal Temperature Dependence of Alkylpyrazines' Retention in Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography. ANAL SCI 2011; 27:1257-60. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro YOGO
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
- Morinaga & Co., Ltd
| | - Chiharu TAKEMURA
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Yoshihiro SAITO
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
| | - Kiyokatsu JINNO
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Toyohashi University of Technology
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20
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Mallik AK, Sawada T, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Preparation of high-selective HPLC packing materials based on alternating copolymer-grafted silica. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2977-89. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Poly(2-N-carbazolylethyl acrylate)-modified silica as a new polymeric stationary phase for reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:7422-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Revised: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Scott MC, Stevens DR, Bochinski JR, Clarke LI. Dynamics within alkylsiloxane self-assembled monolayers studied by sensitive dielectric spectroscopy. ACS NANO 2008; 2:2392-2400. [PMID: 19206407 DOI: 10.1021/nn800543j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled monolayers are a ubiquitous laboratory tool and have been the subject of many experimental investigations which have primarily focused on static properties of full coverage monolayers, with the maximum density and ordering possible. In this work, dynamics within low density, planar siloxane self-assembled monolayers are studied utilizing highly sensitive dielectric spectroscopy. Dilute, disordered films were intentionally fabricated in order to study the widest range of possible motions. At low coverage, an interacting relaxation is observed, which has similar dynamics to polyethylene-like glass transitions observed in phase-segregated side-chain polymers, despite the rigidity of the substrate and the constraint of ethyl groups in relatively short chains. As density is increased, a second local relaxation, previously observed in three-dimensional SAMs and associated with rotation within a small segment of the alkyl chain, is also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Scott
- Department of Physics, NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
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23
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Mallik AK, Rahman MM, Czaun M, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Facile synthesis of high-density poly(octadecyl acrylate)-grafted silica for reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1187:119-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2007] [Revised: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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GHIMIRE GAUTAM U, GAUTAM MP, SAWADA T, TAKAFUJI M, IHARA H. Enhancement of Retentivity and Selectivity for PAHs in NP-HPLC by High-density Immobilization of Poly(4-vinylpyridine) as an Organic Phase on Silica. ANAL SCI 2008; 24:615-21. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.24.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mani P. GAUTAM
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
| | - Tsuyoshi SAWADA
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
| | - Makoto TAKAFUJI
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
| | - Hirotaka IHARA
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
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25
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Saito Y, Nojiri M, Shimizu Y, Jinno K. Liquid Chromatographic Retention Behavior of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on a Novel Chitosan‐Based Stationary Phase Synthesized with a Trifunctional Cross‐Linker. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120027099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Saito
- a School of Materials Science , Toyohashi University of Technology , 1‐1 Hibariga‐oka, Tempaku‐cho , Toyohashi , 441‐8580 , Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nojiri
- a School of Materials Science , Toyohashi University of Technology , 1‐1 Hibariga‐oka, Tempaku‐cho , Toyohashi , 441‐8580 , Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Shimizu
- b Department of Materials Science , The University of Shiga Prefecture , Hikone , Japan
| | - Kiyokatsu Jinno
- a School of Materials Science , Toyohashi University of Technology , 1‐1 Hibariga‐oka, Tempaku‐cho , Toyohashi , 441‐8580 , Japan
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26
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Abstract
The properties of stationary phases and their characterization methods are reviewed. New and significant developments have occurred in the last few years, and new methods for stationary phase characterization have become available. The characterization methods are discussed, and the differences between the different methods are pointed out. In addition, method development approaches are reviewed, with special emphasis on recent developments that employ multiple parameters in parallel. Also, the renewed interest of temperature as a tool in method development is surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe D Neue
- Waters Corporation, Milford, MA 01757, USA.
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27
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Kailasam K, Srinivasan G, Müller K. Solvents effects on the conformational order of triacontyl modified silica gels as evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1134:81-7. [PMID: 16965784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2006] [Revised: 08/15/2006] [Accepted: 08/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
C30 alkyl modified silica gels have attracted much attention because of their enhanced shape selectivity for various types of analytes, which for instance cannot be separated with conventional C8 and C18 stationary phases. Since the retention processes strongly depend on the nature of solvents and composition of the stationary phases, a FTIR study was conducted to evaluate the influence of solvents on the conformational order of the alkyl chains in C30 alkyl modified silica gels. Variable temperature IR measurements are carried out between 273 and 353 K in the presence of polar and nonpolar solvents. Information about the conformational behavior of the tethered alkyl chains is derived from the analysis of the symmetric and antisymmetric CH2 stretching band regions. Polar solvents show both enhanced conformational order and disorder of the alkyl chains - irrespective of temperature - when compared to dry C30 alkyl modified silica gels, while nonpolar solvents in general give rise to enhanced conformational disorder in the alkyl chain region. Moreover, for polar solvents a correlation exists between the stretching band position, reflecting alkyl chain conformational order, and the solvent solvatochromic parameter pi*. Finally, both partition and adsorption models are considered to play an important role for the solvent-alkyl chain interactions which in turn determines the conformational order of the alkyl chains and thus the chromatographic properties of these phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalakannan Kailasam
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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28
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Zhang Z, Wang Z, Liao Y, Liu H. Applications of nanomaterials in liquid chromatography: Opportunities for separation with high efficiency and selectivity. J Sep Sci 2006; 29:1872-8. [PMID: 16970189 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
During recent decades, great efforts have been made to improve the chemical stability, selectivity, and separation efficiency of stationary phases in liquid chromatography. Significant progress has been achieved, especially after the introduction of nanomaterials into separation science. This review covers the applications of nanomaterials playing various roles in liquid chromatography. Future possibilities for developing nanomaterial-based stationary phases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxiang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
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29
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Zarzycki PK, Ohta H, Saito Y, Jinno K. Chromatographic Behavior of C60 and C70 Fullerenes at Subambient Temperature with n-Alkanes Mobile Phases. Chromatographia 2006. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-006-0835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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30
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Shundo A, Nakashima R, Fukui M, Takafuji M, Nagaoka S, Ihara H. Enhancement of molecular-shape selectivity in high-performance liquid chromatography through multi-anchoring of comb-shaped polymer on silica. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1119:115-9. [PMID: 16631182 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.03.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2005] [Revised: 03/25/2006] [Accepted: 03/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Poly(octadecylacrylate) having plural trimethoxysilyl groups in the side chain (co-ODA(n)) was newly synthesized and immobilized onto silica through these groups. The liquid chromatographic behavior of silica-supported co-ODA(n) (Sil-co-ODA(n)) was investigated and compared with that of Sil-ODA(n), in which poly(octadecylacrylate) was immobilized through a terminal trimethoxy group at one side of the polymer main chain. Sil-co-ODA(n) showed higher selectivity for molecular shape, especially molecular planarity of PAHs than Sil-ODA(n).
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuomi Shundo
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, Japan
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31
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Srinivasan G, Meyer C, Welsch N, Albert K, Müller K. Influence of synthetic routes on the conformational order and mobility of C18 and C30 stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1113:45-54. [PMID: 16472820 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2005] [Revised: 01/23/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Silica gels modified with n-alkyl chains (n = 18, 30) are prepared by two different synthetic routes and are examined by variable temperature FTIR and solid-state NMR spectroscopy. HPLC measurements of SRM 869, cis/trans ss-carotene isomers and xanthophylls isomers confirm the dependence of the separation mechanism on the alkyl chain length and the synthetic routes. The determination of the silane functionality and degree of cross-linking of silane ligands on the silica surface is achieved by 29Si CP/MAS NMR measurements. The structural order and mobility of the alkyl chains are investigated by means of variable temperature 13C CP/MAS NMR measurements. Variable temperature FTIR studies are performed where conformational order and flexibility of the alkyl chains in C18 and C30 phases are monitored through conformational sensitive CH2 symmetric, anti-symmetric stretching and wagging modes. In addition, the chromatographic properties of the C18 and C30 phases are determined. The results derived from the FTIR, NMR and HPLC measurements are discussed in the context of the applied synthetic routes and alkyl chain lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokulakrishnan Srinivasan
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Sander LC, Lippa KA, Wise SA. Order and disorder in alkyl stationary phases. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 382:646-68. [PMID: 15827723 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-3127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2004] [Revised: 01/21/2005] [Accepted: 01/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Covalently modified surfaces represent a unique state of matter that is not well described by liquid or solid phase models. The chemical bond in tethered alkanes imparts order to the surface in the form of anisotropic properties that are evident in chromatographic and spectroscopic studies. An understanding of the structure, conformation, and organization of alkyl-modified surfaces is requisite to the design of improved materials and the optimal utilization of existing materials. In recent years, the study of alkyl-modified surfaces has benefited from advances in modern analytical instrumentation. Aspects of alkyl chain conformation and motion have been investigated through the use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and neutron scattering studies. Chromatography provides complementary evidence of alkyl chain organization through interactions with solute probes. Computational simulations offer insights into the structure of covalently modified surfaces that may not be apparent through empirical observation. This manuscript reviews progress achieved in the study of the architecture of alkyl-modified surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lane C Sander
- Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8392, USA.
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Saito Y, Ogawa M, Imaizumi M, Ban K, Abe A, Takeichi T, Wada H, Jinno K. High-temperature separation with polymer-coated fiber in packed capillary gas chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 382:825-9. [PMID: 15933854 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-004-2967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2004] [Revised: 11/07/2004] [Accepted: 11/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
High-temperature gas chromatographic separation of several synthetic polymer mixtures with Dexsil-coated fiber-packed columns was studied. A bundle of heat-resistant filaments, Zylon, was longitudinally packed into a short metal capillary, followed by the conventional coating process with Dexsil 300 material. Prior to the packing process the metal capillary was deactivated by the formation of a silica layer. The typical size of the resulting column was 0.3-mm i.d., 0.5-mm o.d., 1-m length, and packed with about 170 filaments of the Dexsil-coated Zylon. The column temperature could be elevated up to 450 degrees C owing to the good thermal stability of the fiber, Dexsil coating, and metal capillary; furthermore, this allowed the separation of low-volatile compounds to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Saito
- School of Materials Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
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Saito Y, Jinno K, Greibrokk T. Capillary columns in liquid chromatography: between conventional columns and microchips. J Sep Sci 2004; 27:1379-90. [PMID: 15638147 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200401902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography on columns with small internal diameters has been reviewed as the intermediate technique between conventional liquid chromatography and microchip separations. The development of micro column separations in the early years has been described, starting with the papers of Horváth and co-workers and Ishii and co-workers, continuing into the first part of the eighties, then making a leap in time to recent innovations with small-bore columns. Based on internal diameters a classification of the different analytical HPLC columns has been suggested. The advantages of small-bore columns have been discussed, with particular emphasis on the advantage of coupling to concentration sensitive detectors when the sample amount is limited. Open tubular columns are treated as a part of the historic background. The recent developments include a brief look into the current status of monolithic columns, the use of packed nano columns and micro columns with electrospray mass spectrometry, and the potential of two-dimensional comprehensive liquid chromatography. Finally, the coupling of sample preparation to analytical columns and the future applications of the novel technological improvements to the microchip separation methods have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Saito
- School of Materials Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
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Horak J, Maier NM, Lindner W. Investigations on the chromatographic behavior of hybrid reversed-phase materials containing electron donor–acceptor systems. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1045:43-58. [PMID: 15378878 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The chromatographic behavior of three naphthalimide-type stationary phases were elucidated in terms of hydrophobic, silanophilic and pi-pi interaction properties, employing besides common chromatographic column test methods from Engelhardt and Tanaka, also new test mixtures of geometrical and functional aromatic isomers. It was found that the presence of electron donor/acceptor moieties within a reversed phase system did not only increase the overall retention times for aromatic solutes, but also lead to an enhanced shape selectivity of the hybrid stationary phase. In this context, shape discrimination is primarily based on the number of accessible pi-electrons for pi-pi interaction with the embedded electron deficient ligand moieties. The most outstanding results were obtained for the 1,4,5,8-naphthalenediimidic selector with its horizontal arrangement on the silica surface, which enables a direct face-to-face pi-pi interaction with aromatic solutes, with only little hydrophobic contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannie Horak
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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