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Ma S, Li Y, Ma C, Wang Y, Ou J, Ye M. Challenges and Advances in the Fabrication of Monolithic Bioseparation Materials and their Applications in Proteomics Research. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902023. [PMID: 31502719 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography integrated with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) has become a powerful technique for proteomics research. Its performance heavily depends on the separation efficiency of HPLC, which in turn depends on the chromatographic material. As the "heart" of the HPLC system, the chromatographic material is required to achieve excellent column efficiency and fast analysis. Monolithic materials, fabricated as continuous supports with interconnected skeletal structure and flow-through pores, are regarded as an alternative to particle-packed columns. Such materials are featured with easy preparation, fast mass transfer, high porosity, low back pressure, and miniaturization, and are next-generation separation materials for high-throughput proteins and peptides analysis. Herein, the recent progress regarding the fabrication of various monolithic materials is reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on studies of the fabrication of monolithic capillary columns and their applications in separation of biomolecules by capillary liquid chromatography (cLC). The applications of monolithic materials in the digestion, enrichment, and separation of phosphopeptides and glycopeptides from biological samples are also considered. Finally, advances in comprehensive 2D HPLC separations using monolithic columns are also shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ya Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chen Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Junjie Ou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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2
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Mansour FR, Waheed S, Paull B, Maya F. Porogens and porogen selection in the preparation of porous polymer monoliths. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:56-69. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fotouh R. Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyTanta University Tanta Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Services CenterFaculty of PharmacyTanta University Tanta Egypt
| | - Sidra Waheed
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS)School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES) School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
| | - Brett Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS)School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES) School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
| | - Fernando Maya
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS)School of Natural Sciences, ChemistryUniversity of Tasmania Hobart Australia
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3
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Lan D, Bai L, Li M, Peng S, Liu H, Guo H. Preparation of a hydroxyethyl-based monolithic column and its application in the isolation of intact proteins from complex bio-samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1104:89-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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4
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Salmean C, Dimartino S. 3D-Printed Stationary Phases with Ordered Morphology: State of the Art and Future Development in Liquid Chromatography. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3671-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Simon U, Dimartino S. Direct 3D printing of monolithic ion exchange adsorbers. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1587:119-128. [PMID: 30579643 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Monolithic adsorbers with anion exchange (AEX) properties have been 3D printed in an easy one-step process, i.e. not requiring post-functionalization to introduce the AEX ligands. The adsorber, 3D printed using a commercial digital light processing (DLP) printer, was obtained by copolymerisation of a bifunctional monomer bearing a positively charged quaternary amine as well as an acrylate group, with the biocompatible crosslinker polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA). To increase the surface area, polyethylene glycol was introduced into the material formulation as pore forming agent. The influence of photoinitiator (Omnirad 819) and photoabsorber (Reactive Orange 16, RO16) concentration was investigated in order to optimize printing resolution, allowing to reliably 3D print features as small as 200 μm and of highly complex Schoen Gyroids. Protein binding was measured on AEX adsorbers with a range of ligand densities (0.00, 2.03, 2.60 and 3.18 mmol/mL) using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and c-phycocyanin (CPC) as model proteins. The highest equilibrium binding capacity was found for the material presenting the lowest ligand density analysed (2.03 mmol/mL), adsorbing 73.7 ± 5.9 mg/mL and 38.0 ± 2.2 mg/mL of BSA and CPC, respectively. This novel 3D printed material displayed binding capacities in par or even higher than commercially available chromatographic resins. We expect that the herein presented approach of using bifunctional monomers, bearing commonly used chromatography ligands, will help overcome the material limitations currently refraining 3D printing applications in separation sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Simon
- Institute for Bioengineering, The School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK
| | - Simone Dimartino
- Institute for Bioengineering, The School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3DW, UK.
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6
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Knob R, Hanson RL, Tateoka OB, Wood RL, Guerrero-Arguero I, Robison RA, Pitt WG, Woolley AT. Sequence-specific sepsis-related DNA capture and fluorescent labeling in monoliths prepared by single-step photopolymerization in microfluidic devices. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1562:12-18. [PMID: 29859687 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fast determination of antibiotic resistance is crucial in selecting appropriate treatment for sepsis patients, but current methods based on culture are time consuming. We are developing a microfluidic platform with a monolithic column modified with oligonucleotides designed for sequence-specific capture of target DNA related to the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) gene. We developed a novel single-step monolith fabrication method with an acrydite-modified capture oligonucleotide in the polymerization mixture, enabling fast monolith preparation in a microfluidic channel using UV photopolymerization. These prepared columns had a threefold higher capacity compared to monoliths prepared in a multistep process involving Schiff-base DNA attachment. Conditions for denaturing, capture and fluorescence labeling using hybridization probes were optimized with synthetic 90-mer oligonucleotides. These procedures were applied for extraction of a PCR amplicon from the KPC antibiotic resistance gene in bacterial lysate obtained from a blood sample spiked with E. coli. The results showed similar eluted peak areas for KPC amplicon extracted from either hybridization buffer or bacterial lysate. Selective extraction of the KPC DNA was verified by real time PCR on eluted fractions. These results show great promise for application in an integrated microfluidic diagnostic system that combines upstream blood sample preparation and downstream single-molecule counting detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radim Knob
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Robert L Hanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Olivia B Tateoka
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Ryan L Wood
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Israel Guerrero-Arguero
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Richard A Robison
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - William G Pitt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States
| | - Adam T Woolley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States.
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7
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Preparation of organic-silica hybrid monolithic columns via crosslinking of functionalized mesoporous carbon nanoparticles for capillary liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1498:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Wouters S, Hauffman T, Mittelmeijer-Hazeleger MC, Rothenberg G, Desmet G, Baron GV, Eeltink S. Comprehensive study of the macropore and mesopore size distributions in polymer monoliths using complementary physical characterization techniques and liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4492-4501. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Wouters
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | - Tom Hauffman
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Materials and Chemistry; Research group of Electrochemical and Surface Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | | | - Gadi Rothenberg
- University of Amsterdam; Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Gert Desmet
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | - Gino V. Baron
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Eeltink
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
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9
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Moravcová D, Rantamäki AH, Duša F, Wiedmer SK. Monoliths in capillary electrochromatography and capillary liquid chromatography in conjunction with mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:880-912. [PMID: 26800083 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we have reviewed separation studies utilizing monolithic capillary columns for separation of compounds preceding MS analysis. The review is divided in two parts according to the used separation method, namely CEC and capillary LC (cLC). Based on our overview, monolithic CEC-MS technique have been more focused on the syntheses of highly specialized and selective separation phase materials for fast and efficient separation of specific types of analytes. In contrast, monolithic cLC-MS is more widely used and is often employed, for instance, in the analysis of oligonucleotides, metabolites, and peptides and proteins in proteomic studies. While poly(styrene-divinylbenzene)-based and silica-based monolithic capillaries found their place in proteomic analyses, the other laboratory-synthesized monoliths still wait for their wider utilization in routine analyses. The development of new monolithic materials will most likely continue due to the demand of more efficient and rapid separation of increasingly complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Moravcová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Filip Duša
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the CAS, v. v. i, Brno, Czech Republic
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10
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Acquah C, Moy CKS, Danquah MK, Ongkudon CM. Development and characteristics of polymer monoliths for advanced LC bioscreening applications: A review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1015-1016:121-134. [PMID: 26919447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical research advances over the past two decades in bioseparation science and engineering have led to the development of new adsorbent systems called monoliths, mostly as stationary supports for liquid chromatography (LC) applications. They are acknowledged to offer better mass transfer hydrodynamics than their particulate counterparts. Also, their architectural and morphological traits can be tailored in situ to meet the hydrodynamic size of molecules which include proteins, pDNA, cells and viral targets. This has enabled their development for a plethora of enhanced bioscreening applications including biosensing, biomolecular purification, concentration and separation, achieved through the introduction of specific functional moieties or ligands (such as triethylamine, N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecylamine, antibodies, enzymes and aptamers) into the molecular architecture of monoliths. Notwithstanding, the application of monoliths presents major material and bioprocess challenges. The relationship between in-process polymerisation characteristics and the physicochemical properties of monolith is critical to optimise chromatographic performance. There is also a need to develop theoretical models for non-invasive analyses and predictions. This review article therefore discusses in-process analytical conditions, functionalisation chemistries and ligands relevant to establish the characteristics of monoliths in order to facilitate a wide range of enhanced bioscreening applications. It gives emphasis to the development of functional polymethacrylate monoliths for microfluidic and preparative scale bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Acquah
- Curtin Sarawak Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarawak 98009, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Sarawak 98009, Malaysia
| | - Charles K S Moy
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Michael K Danquah
- Curtin Sarawak Research Institute, Curtin University, Sarawak 98009, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Sarawak 98009, Malaysia.
| | - Clarence M Ongkudon
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 88400, Malaysia
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11
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12
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Aires-Trapote A, Hoyos P, Alcántara AR, Tamayo A, Rubio J, Rumbero A, Hernáiz MJ. Covalent Immobilization of Pseudomonas stutzeri Lipase on a Porous Polymer: An Efficient Biocatalyst for a Scalable Production of Enantiopure Benzoin Esters under Sustainable Conditions. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/op500326k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Aires-Trapote
- Department
of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Campus de Moncloa, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Autonoma University of Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Hoyos
- Department
of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Campus de Moncloa, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés R. Alcántara
- Department
of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Campus de Moncloa, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aitana Tamayo
- Department
of Chemistry Physics of Surfaces and Processes, Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (CSIC), Kelsen, no. 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Rubio
- Department
of Chemistry Physics of Surfaces and Processes, Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio (CSIC), Kelsen, no. 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Rumbero
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Autonoma University of Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Hernáiz
- Department
of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Campus de Moncloa, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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13
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Nischang I. Impact of biomolecule solute size on the transport and performance characteristics of analytical porous polymer monoliths. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1354:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Liu K, Aggarwal P, Lawson JS, Tolley HD, Lee ML. Organic monoliths for high-performance reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:2767-81. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | - Pankaj Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | - John S. Lawson
- Department of Statistics; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | - H. Dennis Tolley
- Department of Statistics; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | - Milton L. Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
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15
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Preparation of a butyl–silica hybrid monolithic column with a “one-pot” process for bioseparation by capillary liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:2265-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Causon TJ, Hilder EF, Nischang I. Impact of mobile phase composition on the performance of porous polymeric monoliths in the elution of small molecules. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1263:108-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2012] [Revised: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Singco B, Lin CL, Cheng YJ, Shih YH, Huang HY. Ionic liquids as porogens in the microwave-assisted synthesis of methacrylate monoliths for chromatographic application. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 746:123-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Arrua RD, Talebi M, Causon TJ, Hilder EF. Review of recent advances in the preparation of organic polymer monoliths for liquid chromatography of large molecules. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 738:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Li Y, Aggarwal P, Tolley H, Lee M. Organic Monolith Column Technology for Capillary Liquid Chromatography. ADVANCES IN CHROMATOGRAPHY 2012; 50:237-80. [DOI: 10.1201/b11636-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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20
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Chen ML, Li LM, Yuan BF, Ma Q, Feng YQ. Preparation and characterization of methacrylate-based monolith for capillary hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1230:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Gölgelioğlu Ç, Bayraktar A, Çelebi B, Uğuzdoğan E, Tuncel A. Aqueous size exclusion chromatography in semimicro and micro-columns by newly synthesized monodisperse macroporous hydrophilic beads as a stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1224:43-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Rozenbrand J, van Bennekom WP. Silica-based and organic monolithic capillary columns for LC: recent trends in proteomics. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:1934-44. [PMID: 21710526 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The use of monolithic liquid chromatography (LC) columns for proteomics, covering the scientific literature from 2004 to the beginning of 2011, is reviewed. Attention is paid to recent developments in column technology and materials, focusing on silica-based and organic (polystyrene and methacrylate) monolithic capillary columns for proteomics. The applicability of these columns is illustrated by examples of the analysis of (complex) protein digests and proteins conveniently summarized in tables. Furthermore, characteristics of column materials are compared and future trends and prospects are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Rozenbrand
- Biomolecular Analysis, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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23
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Badaloni E, Barbarino M, Cabri W, D’Acquarica I, Forte M, Gasparrini F, Giorgi F, Pierini M, Simone P, Ursini O, Villani C. Efficient organic monoliths prepared by γ-radiation induced polymerization in the evaluation of histone deacetylase inhibitors by capillary(nano)-high performance liquid chromatography and ion trap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:3862-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Urban J, Jandera P, Langmaier P. Effects of functional monomers on retention behavior of small and large molecules in monolithic capillary columns at isocratic and gradient conditions. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2054-62. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Vlakh EG, Sergeeva YN, Evseeva TG, Saprykina NN, Men’shikova AY, Tennikova TB. Monodisperse polystyrene microspheres used as porogenes in the synthesis of polymer monoliths. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x11020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Li Y, Tolley HD, Lee ML. Size-exclusion separation of proteins using a biocompatible polymeric monolithic capillary column with mesoporosity. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:8181-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Guan X, Yan G, Gao M, Hong G, Deng C, Zhang X. Intact-protein trapping columns for proteomic analysis in capillary high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:6875-81. [PMID: 20870240 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new type of monolithic trapping columns with high mechanical strength was prepared by thin-layer sol-gel coating method and applied to trapping intact proteins for on-line capillary liquid chromatography. Monolithic trapping columns were fabricated by entrapping C8 reversed-phase particles into the capillary columns through a sol-gel network, which was formed by hydrolysis and polycondensation of methyltriethoxysilane. Hundreds times of trapping/untrapping for intact proteins were carried out. The trapping columns showed long-term stability up to 300 bar. Recovery, loading capacity and reproducibility of trapping columns were evaluated using four proteins. The recovery of four protein mixtures for the C8 monolithic trapping columns was 99.3% on average. The loading capacity of 5 mm × 320 μm i.d. C8 trapping columns for the protein mixtures was 30 μg. Day-to-day relative standard deviation (RSD) values for recoveries of protein mixtures on the same C8 trapping column ranged from 2.34 to 5.87%, column-to-column RSD values were from 3.01 to 6.81%. The C8 trapping columns were used to trap normal mouse liver intact proteins in a capillary liquid chromatography system. Results demonstrated high efficiency of the monolithic trapping columns for trapping intact proteins for proteomic analysis in on-line capillary liquid chromatography system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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28
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Li Y, Dennis Tolley H, Lee ML. Monoliths from poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and dimethacrylate for capillary hydrophobic interaction chromatography of proteins. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:4934-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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29
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Preparation of monolithic polylaurylmethacrylate column and its application in capillary electrochromatographic separation of myoglobin digests. Se Pu 2010; 28:236-9. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2010.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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30
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Fast preparation of photopolymerized poly(benzyl methacrylate-co-bisphenol A dimethacrylate) monoliths for capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3628-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2009] [Revised: 03/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Ding M, Wang Z, Zheng R. Rapid Separation of Proteins by Capillary HPLC on a Short Polymethacrylate-based Strong Cation-exchange Monolithic Column. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201090113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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32
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Li Y, Tolley HD, Lee ML. Poly[hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate] monolithic column for efficient hydrophobic interaction chromatography of proteins. Anal Chem 2010; 81:9416-24. [PMID: 19839598 DOI: 10.1021/ac9020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rigid poly[hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate] monoliths were synthesized inside 75 mum i.d. capillaries by one-step UV-initiated copolymerization using methanol and ethyl ether as porogens. The optimized monolithic column was evaluated for hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) of standard proteins. Six proteins were separated within 20 min with high resolution using a 20 min elution gradient, resulting in a peak capacity of 54. The effect of gradient rate and initial salt concentration on the retention of proteins were investigated. Mass recovery was found to be greater than 96%, indicating the biocompatibility of this monolith. The monolith was mechanically stable and showed nearly no swelling or shrinking in different polarity solvents. The preparation of this in situ polymerized acrylate monolithic column was highly reproducible. The run-to-run and column-to-column reproducibilities were less than 2.0% relative standard deviation (RSD) on the basis of the retention times of protein standards. The performance of this monolithic column for HIC was comparable or superior to the performance of columns packed with small particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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33
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Abstract
The concept of biocompatibility with reference to chromatographic stationary phases for separation of biomolecules (including proteins and peptides) is introduced. Biocompatible is a characteristic that indicates resistance to nonspecific adsorption of biomolecules and preservation of their structures and biochemical functions. Two types of biocompatible polymeric monoliths [i. e., polyacrylamide- and poly(meth)acrylate-based monoliths] used for protein and peptide separations are reviewed in detail, with emphasis on size exclusion, ion exchange, and hydrophobic interaction chromatographic modes. Biocompatible monoliths for enzyme reactors are also included. The two main synthetic approaches to produce biocompatible monoliths are summarized, i. e., surface modification of a monolith that is not inherently biocompatible and direct copolymerization of hydrophilic monomers to form a biocompatible monolith directly. Integration of polyethylene glycol into the poly(meth)acrylate monolith network is becoming popular for reduction of non-specific protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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34
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Roberts MWH, Ongkudon CM, Forde GM, Danquah MK. Versatility of polymethacrylate monoliths for chromatographic purification of biomolecules. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:2485-94. [PMID: 19603394 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Polymethacrylate monoliths, specifically poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) or poly(GMA-co-EDMA) monoliths, are a new generation of chromatographic supports and are significantly different from conventional particle-based adsorbents, membranes, and other monolithic supports for biomolecule purification. Similar to other monoliths, polymethacrylate monoliths possess large pores which allow convective flow of mobile phase and result in high flow rates at reduced pressure drop, unlike particulate supports. The simplicity of the adsorbent synthesis, pH resistance, and the ease and flexibility of tailoring their pore size to that of the target biomolecule are the key properties which differentiate polymethacrylate monoliths from other monoliths. Polymethacrylate monoliths are endowed with reactive epoxy groups for easy functionalization (with anion-exchange, hydrophobic, and affinity ligands) and high ligand retention. In this review, the structure and performance of polymethacrylate monoliths for chromatographic purification of biomolecules are evaluated and compared to those of other supports. The development and use of polymethacrylate monoliths for research applications have grown rapidly in recent times and have enabled the achievement of high through-put biomolecule purification on semi-preparative and preparative scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W H Roberts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
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35
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Preparation and characterization of sizable macroporous epoxy resin-based monolithic supports for flow-through systems. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:2608-18. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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New platforms for 3-D microarrays: Synthesis of hydrophilic polymethacrylate monoliths using macromolecular porogens. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2009.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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37
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Different alkyl dimethacrylate mediated stearyl methacrylate monoliths for improving separation efficiency of typical alkylbenzenes and proteins. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:3098-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2008] [Revised: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Preparation of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-grafted polymer monolith for hydrophobic interaction chromatography of proteins. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2404-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2008] [Revised: 12/31/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Aoki H, Tanaka N, Kubo T, Hosoya K. Polymer-based monolithic columns in capillary format tailored by using controlledin situpolymerization. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:341-58. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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40
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Applications of polymethacrylate-based monoliths in high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1216:2637-50. [PMID: 18929365 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Monolithic columns were introduced in the early 1990s and have become increasingly popular as efficient stationary phases for most of the important chromatographic separation modes. Monoliths are functionally distinct from porous particle-based media in their reliance on convective mass transport. This makes resolution and capacity independent of flow rate. Monoliths also lack a void volume. This eliminates eddy dispersion and permits high-resolution separations with extremely short flow paths. The analytical value of these features is the subject of recent reviews. Nowadays, among other types of rigid macroporous monoliths, the polymethacrylate-based materials are the largest and most examined class of these sorbents. In this review, the applications of polymethacrylate-based monolithic columns are summarized for the separation, purification and analysis of low and high molecular mass compounds in the different HPLC formats, including micro- and large-scale HPLC modes.
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41
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Urban J, Jandera P. Polymethacrylate monolithic columns for capillary liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:2521-40. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Smith NW, Jiang Z. Developments in the use and fabrication of organic monolithic phases for use with high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1184:416-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2007] [Revised: 09/11/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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43
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Umemura T, Kojima N, Ueki Y. Development of High-Throughput Analysis System Using Highly-Functional Organic Polymer Monoliths. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2008. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.57.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuji Ueki
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
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44
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Gu C, Lin L, Chen X, Jia J, Wu D, Fang N. Analysis of microcystins by capillary high performance liquid chromatography using a polymethacrylate-based monolithic column. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:2866-73. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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45
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46
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Chambers SD, Glenn KM, Lucy CA. Developments in ion chromatography using monolithic columns. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:1628-45. [PMID: 17623445 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The focus of this review is on current status and on-going developments in ion chromatography (IC) using monolithic phases. The use and potential of both silica and polymeric monoliths in IC is discussed, with silica monoliths achieving efficiencies upwards of 10(5) plates/m for inorganic ions in a few minutes or less. Ion exchange capacity can be introduced onto the monolithic columns through the addition of ion interaction reagents to the eluent, coating of the monolith with ionic surfactants or polyelectrolyte latexes, and covalent bonding. The majority of the studies to date have used surfactant-coated columns, but the stability of surfactant coatings limits this approach. Applications of monolithic IC columns to the separation of inorganic anions and cations are tabulated. Finally, a discussion on the recent commercialization of monolithic IC columns and the use of monolithic phases for IC peripherals such as preconcentrator columns, microextractors and suppressors is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart D Chambers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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47
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Josic D, Clifton JG. Use of monolithic supports in proteomics technology. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1144:2-13. [PMID: 17174320 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2006] [Revised: 11/26/2006] [Accepted: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An overview on the utilization of monoliths in proteomics technology will be given. Both silica- and polymer-based monoliths have broad use for microseparation of tryptic peptides in reversed-phase (RP) mode before identification by mass spectrometry (MS) or by MS/MS. For two-dimensional (2D) LC separation of peptides before MS or MS/MS analysis, a combination of ion-exchange, usually cation-exchange (CEX) chromatography with RP chromatography on monolithic supports can be employed. Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography monoliths with immobilized Fe3+-ions are used for the isolation of phosphopeptides. Monoliths with immobilized affinity ligands are usually applied to the rapid separation of proteins and peptides. Miniaturized reactors with immobilized proteolytic enzymes are utilized for rapid on- or offline digestion of isolated proteins or protein mixtures prior to identification by LC-MS/MS. Monoliths also have broad potential for application in sample preparation, prior to further proteomic analyses. Monolithic supports with large pore sizes can be exploited for the isolation of nanoparticles, such as cells, organelles, viruses and protein aggregates. The potential for further adoption of monolithic supports in protein separation and enrichment of low abundance proteins prior to proteolytic digestion and final LC-MS/MS protein identification will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djuro Josic
- Proteomics Core, COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development, Rhode Island Hospital, CORO West, One Hoppin St., Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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48
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Eeltink S, Svec F. Recent advances in the control of morphology and surface chemistry of porous polymer-based monolithic stationary phases and their application in CEC. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:137-47. [PMID: 17149783 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on developments in the field of polymer-based monolithic columns for CEC published in the literature since the beginning of the year 2005. The possibility of in-situ preparation as well as easy control over their porous properties and surface chemistries clearly make monolithic separation media an attractive alternative to capillary columns packed with particles. Different variables such as polymerization conditions, morphology, and surface chemistry are shown to directly affect performance of monolithic capillary columns in terms of efficiency, analysis time, and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Eeltink
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
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49
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Szumski M, Buszewski B. Preparation and application of monolithic beds in the separation of selected natural biologically important compounds. J Sep Sci 2007; 30:55-66. [PMID: 17313142 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200600241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The importance of monolithic (continuous) beds is connected with their easy preparation and the far-reaching possibilities of modification of their surface and porous properties. These properties make them particularly attractive for the analysis of biologically important compounds characterized by a wide spectrum of physicochemical properties. This review summarizes their preparation methods as well as their application as continuous beds for determination of such biologically important compounds as catecholamines, vitamins, flavonoids, amino acids, peptides, and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Szumski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Ecoanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
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50
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Yoo C, Zhao J, Pal M, Hersberger K, Huber CG, Simeone DM, Beer DG, Lubman DM. Automated integration of monolith-based protein separation with on-plate digestion for mass spectrometric analysis of esophageal adenocarcinoma human epithelial samples. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:3643-51. [PMID: 16927349 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A unique approach of automating the integration of monolithic capillary HPLC-based protein separation and on-plate digestion for subsequent MALDI-MS analysis has been developed. All liquid-handling procedures were performed using a robotic module. This automated high-throughput method minimizes the amount of time and extensive labor required for traditional in-solution digestion followed by exhaustive sample cleanup and analysis. Also, precise positioning of the droplet from the capillary HPLC separation onto the MALDI plate allows for preconcentration effects of analytes for improved sensitivity. Proteins from primary esophageal Barrett's adenocarcinoma tissue were prefractionated by chromatofocusing and analyzed successfully by this automated configuration, obtaining rapid protein identifications through PMF and sequencing analyses with high sequence coverage. Additionally, intact protein molecular weight values were obtained as a means to further confirm protein identification and also to identify potential sequence modifications of proteins. This simple and rapid method is a highly versatile and robust approach for the analysis of complex proteomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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