1
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Honesova L, Van Eenoo P, Polet M. Evaluation of analytical columns suitable for high-temperature liquid-chromatography-isotope-ratio-mass-spectrometry analysis of anabolic steroids. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1731:465191. [PMID: 39074410 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) can be used to determine the carbon isotope ratio of anabolic steroids. For example, in sports doping and food safety control, it enables determining an endogenous or synthetic origin of anabolic steroids. Generally, the steroids of interest are purified by liquid chromatography (LC) and analysed by gas chromatography combustion IRMS. LC-IRMS is not used since only mobile phases without carbon atoms can be used. For analysing mid-to apolar compounds, heated water can be used as an eluent as it has a similar polarity to a weak polar organic solvent. The silica-based columns are not robust enough at elevated temperatures in aqueous conditions. However, modified silica particles, metal oxides coated with polymers, and porous graphitic carbon are promising column materials for high-temperature LC (HT-LC) applications. Here, the stability of the stationary phase is crucial, and their chromatographic performance needs to be evaluated under the conditions mentioned above for anabolic steroid separations. Six columns using temperatures up to 200 °C were assessed, and only two were found to be appropriate. The ZirChrom-PBD column can be used for HT-LC-IRMS research purposes but is not recommended for routine laboratory practice applications due to the substantial loss of retention and resolution over time at elevated temperatures. Sachtopore-RP columns are the only suitable option for routine HT-LC-IRMS applications, even though they suffer from peak broadening over time when operating at elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Honesova
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Gent BE-9000, Belgium.
| | - Peter Van Eenoo
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Gent BE-9000, Belgium
| | - Michael Polet
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Gent BE-9000, Belgium
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2
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Muneeruddin K, Kaltashov IA, Wang G. Characterizing Soluble Protein Aggregates Using Native Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Temperature-Controlled Electrospray Ionization and Size-Excl usion Chromatography. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2406:455-468. [PMID: 35089574 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1859-2_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of soluble protein aggregates provides valuable information for revealing mechanisms of protein aggregation process and assessing the activity and safety of protein therapeutics. However, the noncovalent interaction, the transient nature and higher degree of structural heterogeneity of the soluble aggregation system hinders precise characterization at the molecular level. Here, we describe methods using native mass spectrometry coupled with temperature-control electrospray ionization and size-exclusion chromatography to monitor the aggregation process and profile the aggregates in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaja Muneeruddin
- The Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Shrewsbury, MA, USA
| | - Igor A Kaltashov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Guanbo Wang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.
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3
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Jandera P, Hájek T. Dual‐mode hydrophilic interaction normal phase and reversed phase liquid chromatography of polar compounds on a single column. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:70-86. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Jandera
- Department of Analytical ChemistryUniversity of Pardubice Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Hájek
- Department of Analytical ChemistryUniversity of Pardubice Pardubice Czech Republic
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4
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Chen LC. High-Temperature Liquid Chromatography and the Hyphenation with Mass Spectrometry Using High-Pressure Electrospray Ionization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 8:S0079. [PMID: 32010544 PMCID: PMC6920344 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.s0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Increasing the operating temperature of the liquid chromatography (LC) column has the same effect as reducing the diameter of the packing particles on minimizing the contribution of C-term in the van Deemter equation, flattening the curve of plate height vs. linear velocity in the high-speed region, thus allowing a fast LC analysis without the loss of plate count. While the use of smaller particles requires a higher pumping pressure, operating the column at higher temperature reduces the pressure due to lower liquid viscosity. At present, the adoption of high-temperature LC lags behind the ultra-high-pressure LC. Nevertheless, the availability of thermally stable columns has steadily improved and new innovations in this area have continued to emerge. This paper gives a brief review and updates on the recent advances in high-temperature liquid chromatography (HTLC). Recent efforts of hyphenating the capillary HTLC with mass spectrometry via a super-atmospheric pressure electrospray ionization is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Chuin Chen
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan
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5
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Chirayath RB, A. AV, Jayakumar R, Biswas R, Vijayachandran LS. Development of Mangifera indica leaf extract incorporated carbopol hydrogel and its antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 178:377-384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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6
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Statkus M, Goncharova E, Gorbacheva SY, Tsysin G. Solvation characteristics of porous graphitic carbon Hypercarb in subcritical water chromatography. Talanta 2018; 188:365-369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Borisova DR, Statkus MA, Tsizin GI, Zolotov YA. Subcritical water: Use in chemical analysis. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934817080044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Heiland JJ, Lotter C, Stein V, Mauritz L, Belder D. Temperature Gradient Elution and Superheated Eluents in Chip-HPLC. Anal Chem 2017; 89:3266-3271. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef J. Heiland
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carsten Lotter
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Volkmar Stein
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Straße
18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
| | - Laura Mauritz
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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9
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Liang Y, Geng F, Dai R, Deng Y. Enrichment of adenosine using thermally responsive chromatographic materials under friendly pH conditions. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:4036-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Liang
- The School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
| | - Fangfang Geng
- The School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
| | - Rongji Dai
- The School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
| | - Yulin Deng
- The School of Life Science; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing China
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10
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Hung CH, Zukowski J, Jensen DS, Miles AJ, Sulak C, Dadson AE, Linford MR. Separation of cannabinoids on three different mixed-mode columns containing carbon/nanodiamond/amine-polymer superficially porous particles. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2968-74. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hsi Hung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew R. Linford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
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11
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Hung CH, Singh B, Landowski MG, Ibrahim M, Miles AJ, Jensen DS, Vail MA, Dadson AE, Smith SJ, Linford MR. Multi-instrument characterization of poly(divinylbenzene) microspheres for use in liquid chromatography: as received, air oxidized, carbonized, and acid treated. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hsi Hung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C100 Benson Science Building; Brigham Young University; Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C100 Benson Science Building; Brigham Young University; Provo UT 84602 USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stacey J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C100 Benson Science Building; Brigham Young University; Provo UT 84602 USA
| | - Matthew R. Linford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C100 Benson Science Building; Brigham Young University; Provo UT 84602 USA
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12
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Borges EM, Volmer DA. Silica, Hybrid Silica, Hydride Silica and Non-Silica Stationary Phases for Liquid Chromatography. Part II: Chemical and Thermal Stability. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:1107-22. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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13
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Iverson CD, Lucy CA. Aniline-modified porous graphitic carbon for hydrophilic interaction and attenuated reverse phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1373:17-24. [PMID: 25464992 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Most stationary phases for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) are based on silica. Porous graphitic carbon (PGC) is an attractive alternative to silica-based phases due to its chemical and thermal stability, and unique selectivity. However, native PGC is strongly hydrophobic and in some instances excessively retentive. PGC particles with covalently attached aniline groups (Dimethylaniline-PGC and Aniline-PGC) were synthesized to alter the surface polarity of PGC. First, the diazonium salt of N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine or 4-nitroaniline was adsorbed onto the PGC surface. The adsorbed salt was reduced with sodium borohydride and (Aniline-PGC only) the nitro group was further reduced with iron powder to the aniline. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the surface functionalities and that these moieties were introduced to the surface at concentrations of 0.9 and 2.1molecules/nm(2), respectively. These modified PGC phases (especially Aniline-PGC) were evaluated as HILIC and reversed phases. The Dimethylaniline-PGC phase displayed only weak HILIC retention of phenolic solutes. In contrast, the Aniline-PGC phase displayed up to nearly a 7-fold increase in HILIC retention vs. an aniline-silica phase and selectivity that differed from 10 other HILIC phases. Introduction of aniline groups to the PGC surface reduced the RPLC retentivity of PGC up to more than 5-fold and improved the separation efficiency up to 6-fold. The chromatographic performance of Aniline-PGC is demonstrated by separations of nucleotides, nucleosides, carboxylic acids, basic pharmaceuticals, and other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad D Iverson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Charles A Lucy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Gunning/Lemieux Chemistry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
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14
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Determination of artificial sweeteners in beverages with green mobile phases and high temperature liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2014; 169:162-8. [PMID: 25236212 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new analytical procedure involving the use of water and a low percentage of ethanol combined to high temperature liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed for the determination of nine high-intensity sweeteners in a variety of drink samples. The method permitted the analysis in 23min (including column reequilibration) and consuming only 0.85mL of a green organic solvent (ethanol). This methodology provided limits of detection (after 50-fold dilution) in the 0.05-10mg/L range, with recoveries (obtained from five different types of beverages) being in the 86-110% range and relative standard deviation values lower than 12%. Finally, the method was applied to 25 different samples purchased in Spain, where acesulfame and sucralose were the most frequently detected analytes (>50% of the samples) and cyclamate was found over the legislation limit set by the European Union in a sample and at the regulation boundary in three others.
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15
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Droux S, Roy M, Félix G. Green chiral HPLC study of the stability of Chiralcel OD under high temperature liquid chromatography and subcritical water conditions. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 968:22-5. [PMID: 24816048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We report here the study of the stability under subcritical water conditions of one of the most popular polysaccharide chiral stationary phase (CSP): Chiralcel OD. This CSP was used under high temperature and reversed phase conditions with acetonitrile and 2-propanol as modifier, respectively. The evolution of selectivity and resolution was investigated both in normal and reversed mode conditions with five racemates after packing, heating at 150 °C and separations of some racemic compounds under different high temperatures and mobile phase conditions. The results show that after using at high temperature and subcritical water conditions the selectivity was only moderately affected while the resolution fell dramatically especially in reversed mode due to the creation of a void at the head of the columns which reflects the dissolution of the silica matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Droux
- KIRALYA, Parc Biocitech, 102 Avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | - M Roy
- CINaM (CNRS UMR 7325), Aix-Marseille Université, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
| | - G Félix
- CINaM (CNRS UMR 7325), Aix-Marseille Université, Campus de Luminy, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France.
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16
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Zhang L, Thevis M, Piper T, Jochmann MA, Wolbert JB, Kujawinski DM, Wiese S, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. Carbon Isotope Ratio Analysis of Steroids by High-Temperature Liquid Chromatography-Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2014; 86:2297-302. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403353x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhang
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Mario Thevis
- Institute
of Biochemistry,
Center for Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark
Muengersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Piper
- Institute
of Biochemistry,
Center for Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark
Muengersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany
| | - Maik A. Jochmann
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - J. Benjamin Wolbert
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Dorothea M. Kujawinski
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Steffen Wiese
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology e.V., (IUTA), Bliersheimer Strasse 60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Teutenberg
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology e.V., (IUTA), Bliersheimer Strasse 60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Torsten C. Schmidt
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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17
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Hung CH, Wiest LA, Singh B, Diwan A, Valentim MJC, Christensen JM, Davis RC, Miles AJ, Jensen DS, Vail MA, Dadson AE, Linford MR. Improved efficiency of reversed-phase carbon/nanodiamond/polymer core-shell particles for HPLC using carbonized poly(divinylbenzene) microspheres as the core materials. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3821-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Hsi Hung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | - Landon A. Wiest
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | - Anubhav Diwan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | | | | | - Robert C. Davis
- Department of Physics & Astronomy; Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthew R. Linford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Brigham Young University; Provo UT USA
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18
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Abstract
There is increasing interest within the pharmaceutical industry in the development of proteins and peptides as drugs in addition to their use as biomarkers. Immunochemistry-based techniques have been traditionally used for the quantitation of proteins and peptides; however, LC-MS-based methodologies are being increasingly adopted as they offer several advantages. UHPLC is well established within the small-molecule community as a means to increase resolution and/or the speed of separations prior to MS detection; however, it is rarely applied to proteins or peptides separations. In this paper, current applications of UHPLC to such separations are reviewed, as well as considerations with regard to the effect of altering various chromatographic parameters.
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19
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Borges EM, Euerby MR. An appraisal of the chemical and thermal stability of silica based reversed-phase liquid chromatographic stationary phases employed within the pharmaceutical environment. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 77:100-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Haun J, Oeste K, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. Long-term high-temperature and pH stability assessment of modern commercially available stationary phases by using retention factor analysis. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1263:99-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Kujawinski DM, Zhang L, Schmidt TC, Jochmann MA. When Other Separation Techniques Fail: Compound-Specific Carbon Isotope Ratio Analysis of Sulfonamide Containing Pharmaceuticals by High-Temperature-Liquid Chromatography-Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7656-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300116w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Torsten C. Schmidt
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Maik A. Jochmann
- Instrumental
Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
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22
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Haun J, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. Influence of temperature on peak shape and solvent compatibility: Implications for two-dimensional liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:1723-30. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Haun
- Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V.; Duisburg Germany
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | | | - Torsten C. Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
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23
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Perfusion reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography for protein separation from detergent-containing solutions: An alternative to gel-based approaches. Anal Biochem 2012; 424:97-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2012.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Fekete S, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. New trends in reversed-phase liquid chromatographic separations of therapeutic peptides and proteins: theory and applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 69:9-27. [PMID: 22475515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical field, there is considerable interest in the use of peptides and proteins for therapeutic purposes. There are various ways to characterize such complex samples, but during the last few years, a significant number of technological developments have been brought to the field of RPLC and RPLC-MS. Thus, the present review focuses first on the basics of RPLC for peptides and proteins, including the inherent problems, some possible solutions and some directions for developing a new RPLC method that is dedicated to biomolecules. Then the latest advances in RPLC, such as wide-pore core-shell particles, fully porous sub-2 μm particles, organic monoliths, porous layer open tubular columns and elevated temperature, are described and critically discussed in terms of both kinetic efficiency and selectivity. Numerous applications with real samples are presented that confirm the relevance of these different strategies. Finally, one of the key advantages of RPLC for peptides and proteins over other historical approaches is its inherent compatibility with MS using both MALDI and ESI sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Fekete
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Bd d'Yvoy 20, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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25
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Ermisch P, Wiese S, Weber H, Teutenberg T. Determination of Suitable Column Geometries by Means of van Deemter and Kinetic Plots for Isothermal and Isocratic Method Development in High-Temperature Liquid Chromatography Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:1565-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ac202819v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Ermisch
- Institut fuer Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V., Bliersheimer Strasse 58-60,
47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Wiese
- Institut fuer Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V., Bliersheimer Strasse 58-60,
47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Harald Weber
- Niederrhein University of Applied Science, 47798 Krefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Teutenberg
- Institut fuer Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V., Bliersheimer Strasse 58-60,
47229 Duisburg, Germany
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Wiese S, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. A general strategy for performing temperature-programming in high performance liquid chromatography—Further improvements in the accuracy of retention time predictions of segmented temperature gradients. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1222:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang L, Kujawinski DM, Jochmann MA, Schmidt TC. High-temperature reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:2971-2980. [PMID: 21953951 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) by liquid chromatography coupled to isotope ratio mass spectrometry (LC/IRMS) has until now been based on ion-exchange separation. In this work, high-temperature reversed-phase liquid chromatography was coupled to, and for the first time carefully evaluated for, isotope ratio mass spectrometry (HT-LC/IRMS) with four different stationary phases. Under isothermal and temperature gradient conditions, the column bleed of XBridge C(18) (up to 180 °C), Acquity C(18) (up to 200 °C), Triart C(18) (up to 150 °C), and Zirchrom PBD (up to 150 °C) had no influence on the precision and accuracy of δ(13) C measurements, demonstrating the suitability of these columns for HT-LC/IRMS analysis. Increasing the temperature during the LC/IRMS analysis of caffeine on two C(18) columns was observed to result in shortened analysis time. The detection limit of HT-RPLC/IRMS obtained for caffeine was 30 mg L(-1) (corresponding to 12.4 nmol carbon on-column). Temperature-programmed LC/IRMS (i) accomplished complete separation of a mixture of caffeine derivatives and a mixture of phenols and (ii) did not affect the precision and accuracy of δ(13)C measurements compared with flow injection analysis without a column. With temperature-programmed LC/IRMS, some compounds that coelute at room temperature could be baseline resolved and analyzed for their individual δ(13)C values, leading to an important extension of the application range of CSIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhang
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Borges EM, Collins CH. Characterization of several stationary phases prepared by thermal immobilization of poly(methyltetradecylsiloxane) onto silica surfaces. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:4378-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wiest LA, Jensen DS, Hung CH, Olsen RE, Davis RC, Vail MA, Dadson AE, Nesterenko PN, Linford MR. Pellicular Particles with Spherical Carbon Cores and Porous Nanodiamond/Polymer Shells for Reversed-Phase HPLC. Anal Chem 2011; 83:5488-501. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200436a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pavel N. Nesterenko
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia
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Elevated Temperature Separations on Hybrid Stationary Phases with Low Proportions of Organic Modifier in the Eluent. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-1966-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wiese S, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. General Strategy for Performing Temperature Programming in High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Prediction of Linear Temperature Gradients. Anal Chem 2011; 83:2227-33. [DOI: 10.1021/ac103113m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Wiese
- Institut für Energie-und Umwelttechnik e. V., Bliersheimer Strasse 60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Teutenberg
- Institut für Energie-und Umwelttechnik e. V., Bliersheimer Strasse 60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Torsten C. Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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Thermodynamic and kinetic characterization of a bridged-ethylene hybrid C18 stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:6241-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Allmon SD, Dorsey JG. Properties of subcritical water as an eluent for reversed-phase liquid chromatography—Disruption of the hydrogen-bond network at elevated temperature and its consequences. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:5769-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Revised: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gotta J, Grisales JO, Reta MR, Castells CB. Fast RPLC analysis of pharmaceutical compounds at intermediate temperatures by using a conventional instrument. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2645-53. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Teutenberg T, Wiese S, Wagner P, Gmehling J. High-temperature liquid chromatography. Part II: Determination of the viscosities of binary solvent mixtures—Implications for liquid chromatographic separations. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:8470-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 09/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Teutenberg T, Wagner P, Gmehling J. High-temperature liquid chromatography. Part I. Determination of the vapour pressures of binary solvent mixtures—Implications for liquid chromatographic separations. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:6471-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Teutenberg T. Potential of high temperature liquid chromatography for the improvement of separation efficiency—A review. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 643:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Revised: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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