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Bakrim S, El Hachlafi N, Khalid A, Abdalla AN, El Omari N, Aboulaghras S, Sakran AM, Goh KW, Ming LC, Razi P, Bouyahya A. Recent advances and molecular mechanisms of TGF-β signaling in colorectal cancer, with focus on bioactive compounds targeting. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116886. [PMID: 38945700 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most significant forms of human cancer. It is characterized by its heterogeneity because several molecular factors are involved in contiguity and can link it to others without having a linear correlation. Among the factors influencing tumor transformation in CRC, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) plays a key promoter role. This factor is associated with human colorectal tumors with a very high prognosis: it increases the survival, invasion, and metastasis of CRC cells, thus functioning as an oncogene. The inhibition of this factor can constitute a major therapeutic route for CRC treatment. Various chemical drugs including synthetic molecules and biotherapies have been developed as TGF-β inhibitors. Moreover, the scientific community has recently shown a major interest in screening natural drugs inhibiting TGF-β in CRC. In this context, we carried out this review article using computerized databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer Link, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, to highlight the molecular mechanism of TGF-β in CRC induction and progression and current advances in the pharmacodynamic effects of natural bioactive substances targeting TGF-β in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, P.O.Box-2002, Imouzzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Health Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ashraf N Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Tetouan, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Sara Aboulaghras
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
| | - Ashraf M Sakran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Alqura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia.
| | - Pakhrur Razi
- Center of Disaster Monitoring and Earth Observation, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
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Pan D, Qu Y, Shi C, Xu C, Zhang J, Du H, Chen X. Oleanolic acid and its analogues: promising therapeutics for kidney disease. Chin Med 2024; 19:74. [PMID: 38816880 PMCID: PMC11140902 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases pose a significant threat to human health due to their high prevalence and mortality rates. Worryingly, the clinical use of drugs for kidney diseases is associated with more side effects, so more effective and safer treatments are urgently needed. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a common pentacyclic triterpenoid that is widely available in nature and has been shown to have protective effects in kidney disease. However, comprehensive studies on its role in kidney diseases are still lacking. Therefore, this article first explores the botanical sources, pharmacokinetics, derivatives, and safety of OA, followed by a summary of the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative stress, autophagy-enhancing, and antifibrotic effects of OA and its analogues in renal diseases, and an analysis of the molecular mechanisms, aiming to provide further insights for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Pan
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yilun Qu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Chunru Shi
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Hongjian Du
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- The College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Department of Nephrology, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Research, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Oleanolic Acid: Extraction, Characterization and Biological Activity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030623. [PMID: 35276982 PMCID: PMC8838233 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid, a pentacyclic triterpenoid ubiquitously present in the plant kingdom, is receiving outstanding attention from the scientific community due to its biological activity against multiple diseases. Oleanolic acid is endowed with a wide range of biological activities with therapeutic potential by means of complex and multifactorial mechanisms. There is evidence suggesting that oleanolic acid might be effective against dyslipidemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, through enhancing insulin response, preserving the functionality and survival of β-cells and protecting against diabetes complications. In addition, several other functions have been proposed, including antiviral, anti-HIV, antibacterial, antifungal, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic activities, as well as interfering in several stages of the development of different types of cancer; however, due to its hydrophobic nature, oleanolic acid is almost insoluble in water, which has led to a number of approaches to enhance its biopharmaceutical properties. In this scenario, the present review aimed to summarize the current knowledge and the research progress made in the last years on the extraction and characterization of oleanolic acid and its biological activities and the underlying mechanisms of action.
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Lyu M, Liu Y, Qiu Y, Yang S, Yuan H, Wang W. Differentiation between Chaenomelis Fructus and its common adulterant, Guangpi Mugua. J AOAC Int 2021; 104:1652-1660. [PMID: 34410391 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dried fruit of Chaenomeles speciosa, known as Chaenomelis Fructus or Zhoupi Mugua is a type of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) that is widely used to treat many diseases. In addition, Guangpi Mugua, the dried fruit of the Chaenomeles sinensis, is its most commonly known adulterant. OBJECTIVE To establish a robust approach for the quality control and identification of Chaenomelis Fructus. METHODS Thin-layer Chromatography (TLC) was optimized and used to discriminate Chaenomelis Fructus from Guangpi Mugua. In addition, High-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method combined with fingerprint analysis and Partial Least-squares Discrimination Analysis (PLS-DA) was employed to study the chemical differences between Chaenomelis Fructus and Guangpi Mugua. Moreover, the Single Standard to Determine Multi-components (SSDMC) method with credible precision, repeatability, stability and durability was developed for quantitative analysis of the abundant markers. RESULTS The developed TLC and HPLC methods were effective in the authentication of Chaenomelis Fructus. Moreover, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, pomolic acid, corosolic acid, 3-O-acetylpomolic acid and one unknown compound, were identified to be critical markers for the discrimination of Chaenomelis Fructus from Guangpi Mugua. CONCLUSIONS Adulteration has always been a challenge in the development of TCM. This study therefore presents useful insights that may help solve the problem of adulteration during the preparation of Chaenomelis Fructus. HIGHLIGHTS The present study provided a systematic method for the quality control of Chaenomelis Fructus. This was therefore the first step towards solving the problem of adulteration in an attempt to improve the clinical safety and effectiveness of Chaenomelis Fructus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Lyu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yang Liu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yixing Qiu
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Hanwen Yuan
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Wei Wang
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Material Medical Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
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Bachtler S, Bart HJ. Increase the yield of bioactive compounds from elder bark and annatto seeds using ultrasound and microwave assisted extraction technologies. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Analysis of Flavonoid Metabolites in Chaenomeles Petals Using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173994. [PMID: 32887276 PMCID: PMC7504807 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chaenomeles species are used for both ornamental decoration and medicinal purposes. In order to have a better understanding of the flavonoid profile of Chaenomeles, the petals of four Chaenomeles species, including Chaenomeles japonica (RB), Chaenomeles speciose (ZP), Chaenomeles sinensis (GP), and Chaenomeles cathayensis (MY), were selected as experimental material. The total flavonoid content of GP was found to be the highest, followed by MY, ZP, and RB. In total, 179 flavonoid metabolites (including 49 flavonols, 46 flavonoids, 19 flavone C-glycosides, 17 procyanidins, 15 anthocyanins, 10 flavanols, 10 dihydroflavonoids, 6 isoflavones, 5 dihydroflavonols, and 2 chalcones) were identified by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Screening of differential flavonoid metabolites showed that GP had higher levels of metabolites when compared with the other three Chaenomeles species. Annotation and enrichment analysis of flavonoid metabolites revealed that cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside and pelargonidin-3,5-diglucoside anthocyanins are likely responsible for the color differences of the four Chaenomeles petals. Additionally, a large number of flavonoids, flavonols, and isoflavones were enriched in the petals of GP. This study provides new insights into the development and utilization of Chaenomeles petals and provides a basis for future investigations into their utilization.
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Xu S, Luo H, Chen H, Guo J, Yu B, Zhang H, Li W, Chen W, Zhou X, Huang L, Liu N, Lei Y, Liao B, Jiang H. Optimization of extraction of total
trans
‐resveratrol from peanut seeds and its determination by HPLC. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1024-1031. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Xu
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Huaiyong Luo
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Haiwen Chen
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Jianbin Guo
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Bolun Yu
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Weitao Li
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Weigang Chen
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Xiaojin Zhou
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Li Huang
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Nian Liu
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Yong Lei
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Boshou Liao
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
| | - Huifang Jiang
- Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agriculture Wuhan Hubei P.R. China
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Bagade SB, Patil M. Recent Advances in Microwave Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Complex Herbal Samples: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 51:138-149. [PMID: 31729248 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1686966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microwaves are utilized for extraction of Phytoconstituents from complex herbal sample as a result of incredible research. Conventional extraction strategies are tedious and need more solvents and are no more relevant for thermal sensitive plant components. This review emphasize on the working and significance of microwave extraction technology in herbal research and medical field. The extraction step must be more yielding; quick, particular, not more solvent consuming, ensuring stability of thermolabile components and these features are available with microwave extraction method. In this nonconventional technology heat is created utilizing microwave energy. The important parameters that influence extraction efficiency are solvent properties, volume, duration of exposure, microwave control, system attributes, temperature and application were discussed in this article. The microwave assisted extraction, as green technology is contrasted with other extraction technique. This review is intended to discuss this green extraction technique along with its critical parameters for extracting bioactive compounds from complex plant matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mayur Patil
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Shirpur, India
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Yang J, Dong X, Hu YH, Wang QY, Wang SL, Cao J, Zhang HH. Calixarene and ionic liquid assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction of organic acids from fruit. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1602:150-159. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zhang R, Li S, Zhu Z, He J. Recent advances in valorization of Chaenomeles fruit: A review of botanical profile, phytochemistry, advanced extraction technologies and bioactivities. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Abstract
The extraction kinetics of polyphenols, which are leached from red vine leaves, are studied and evaluated using a laboratory robot and nonconventional processing techniques such as ultrasonic (US)-, microwave (MW)-, and pulsed electric field (PEF)-assisted extraction processes. The robotic high-throughput screening reveals optimal extraction conditions at a pH value of 2.5, a temperature of 56 °C, and a solvent mixture of methanol:water:HCl of 50:49:1 v/v/v. Nonconventional processing techniques, such as MW- and US-assisted extraction, have the fastest kinetics and produce the highest polyphenol yield. The non-conventional techniques yield is 2.29 g/L (MW) resp. 2.47 g/L (US) for particles that range in size from 450 to 2000 µm and 2.20 g/L (MW) resp. 2.05 g/L (US) for particles that range from 2000 to 4000 µm. PEF has the lowest yield of polyphenols with 0.94 g/L (450–2000 µm), resp. 0.64 g/L (2000–4000 µm) in comparison to 1.82 g/L (2000 to 4000 µm) in a standard stirred vessel (50 °C). When undried red vine leaves (2000 to 4000 µm) are used the total phenol content is 1.44 g/L with PEF.
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Pandey DK, Kaur P. Optimization of extraction parameters of pentacyclic triterpenoids from Swertia chirata stem using response surface methodology. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:152. [PMID: 29492371 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present investigation, pentacyclic triterpenoids were extracted from different parts of Swertia chirata by solid-liquid reflux extraction methods. The total pentacyclic triterpenoids (UA, OA, and BA) in extracted samples were determined by HPTLC method. Preliminary studies showed that stem part contains the maximum pentacyclic triterpenoid and was chosen for further studies. Response surface methodology (RSM) has been employed successfully by solid-liquid reflux extraction methods for the optimization of different extraction variables viz., temperature (X1 35-70 °C), extraction time (X2 30-60 min), solvent composition (X3 20-80%), solvent-to-solid ratio (X4 30-60 mlg-1), and particle size (X5 3-6 mm) on maximum recovery of triterpenoid from stem parts of Swertia chirata. A Plackett-Burman design has been used initially to screen out the three extraction factors viz., particle size, temperature, and solvent composition on yield of triterpenoid. Moreover, central composite design (CCD) was implemented to optimize the significant extraction parameters for maximum triterpenoid yield. Three extraction parameters viz., mean particle size (3 mm), temperature (65 °C), and methanol-ethyl acetate solvent composition (45%) can be considered as significant for the better yield of triterpenoid A second-order polynomial model satisfactorily fitted the experimental data with the R2 values of 0.98 for the triterpenoid yield (p < 0.001), implying good agreement between the experimental triterpenoid yield (3.71%) to the predicted value (3.79%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411 India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411 India
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Development and validation of LC-MS-based alternative methodologies to GC–MS for the simultaneous determination of triterpenic acids and dialcohols in virgin olive oil. Food Chem 2018; 239:631-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sahu PK, Ramisetti NR, Cecchi T, Swain S, Patro CS, Panda J. An overview of experimental designs in HPLC method development and validation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 147:590-611. [PMID: 28579052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemometric approaches have been increasingly viewed as precious complements to high performance liquid chromatographic practices, since a large number of variables can be simultaneously controlled to achieve the desired separations. Moreover, their applications may efficiently identify and optimize the significant factors to accomplish competent results through limited experimental trials. The present manuscript discusses usefulness of various chemometric approaches in high and ultra performance liquid chromatography for (i) methods development from dissolution studies and sample preparation to detection, considering the progressive substitution of traditional detectors with tandem mass spectrometry instruments and the importance of stability indicating assays (ii) method validation through screening and optimization designs. Choice of appropriate types of experimental designs so as to either screen the most influential factors or optimize the selected factors' combination and the mathematical models in chemometry have been briefly recalled and the advantages of chemometric approaches have been emphasized. The evolution of the design of experiments to the Quality by Design paradigm for method development has been reviewed and the Six Sigma practice as a quality indicator in chromatography has been explained. Chemometric applications and various strategies in chromatographic separations have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafulla Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nageswara Rao Ramisetti
- Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
| | - Teresa Cecchi
- Chemistry Department, ITT MONTANI, Via Montani 7, 63900, Fermo, FM, Italy.
| | - Suryakanta Swain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SIMS College of Pharmacy, Mangaladas Nagar, Vijayawada Road, Guntur, 522 001, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Patro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jagadeesh Panda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Oleanolic Acid Alters Multiple Cell Signaling Pathways: Implication in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030643. [PMID: 28300756 PMCID: PMC5372655 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, much attention has been paid to diet and dietary supplements as a cost-effective therapeutic strategy for prevention and treatment of a myriad of chronic and degenerative diseases. Rapidly accumulating scientific evidence achieved through high-throughput technologies has greatly expanded the understanding about the multifaceted nature of cancer. Increasingly, it is being realized that deregulation of spatio-temporally controlled intracellular signaling cascades plays a contributory role in the onset and progression of cancer. Therefore, targeting regulators of oncogenic signaling cascades is essential to prevent and treat cancer. A plethora of preclinical and epidemiological evidences showed promising role of phytochemicals against several types of cancer. Oleanolic acid, a common pentacyclic triterpenoid, is mainly found in olive oil, as well as several plant species. It is a potent inhibitor of cellular inflammatory process and a well-known inducer of phase 2 xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes. Main molecular mechanisms underlying anticancer effects of oleanolic acid are mediated by caspases, 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, matrix metalloproteinases, pro-apoptotic Bax and bid, phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/Akt1/mechanistic target of rapamycin, reactive oxygen species/apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-κB, cluster of differentiation 1, CKD4, s6k, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, as well as aforementioned signaling pathways . In this work, we critically review the scientific literature on the molecular targets of oleanolic acid implicated in the prevention and treatment of several types of cancer. We also discuss chemical aspects, natural sources, bioavailability, and safety of this bioactive phytochemical.
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Application of Response Surface Methodology for Optimisation of Simultaneous UHPLC-PDA Determination of Oleanolic and Ursolic Acids and Standardisation of Ericaceae Medicinal Plants. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/app6090244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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17
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Olmo-García L, Bajoub A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A, Carrasco-Pancorbo A. Evaluating the potential of LC coupled to three alternative detection systems (ESI-IT, APCI-TOF and DAD) for the targeted determination of triterpenic acids and dialcohols in olive tissues. Talanta 2016; 150:355-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Franco-Vega A, Ramírez-Corona N, Palou E, López-Malo A. Estimation of mass transfer coefficients of the extraction process of essential oil from orange peel using microwave assisted extraction. J FOOD ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Araujo Leon JA, Ruiz Ciau DV, Coral Martinez TI, Cantillo Ciau ZO. Comparative fingerprint analyses of extracts from the root bark of wild Hippocratea excelsa and "Cancerina" by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:3870-3875. [PMID: 26376932 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A simple high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the identification and comparison of quinone-methide triterpenes in wild Hippocratea excelsa and "cancerina" to establish the chromatographic profile of these compounds in root bark. The essential chromatographic conditions for this method are based on a gradient system with a reversed-phase column (C18 ) using proportions of water, methanol, and tetrahydrofuran as mobile phases to correctly separate the signals at 254 and 420 nm and compare the signals to those reported in the literature. The chromatograms exhibit good resolution and precision. Statistical analysis showed that the chromatographic profiles of wild H. excelsa and cancerina do not exhibit significant differences (p≥0.05) in their area proportions or relative retention times. The method developed in this study is suitable for the identification of the major chemotaxonomic markers of the Celastraceae family and can be used for quality control of this herbal root bark, which has uses today in Mexican folk medicine.
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Microwave assisted extraction of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid from Ocimum sanctum. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Park SY, Yang EJ, Park EJ, Shin BS, Na DH, Song KS. Quantitative Analysis of Ursolic Acid and Euscaphic Acid in Chaenomelis Fructus by HPLC-Evaporative Light Scattering Detection. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.7.2210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Das AK, Mandal V, Mandal SC. A brief understanding of process optimisation in microwave-assisted extraction of botanical materials: options and opportunities with chemometric tools. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2014; 25:1-12. [PMID: 24105963 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Extraction forms the very basic step in research on natural products for drug discovery. A poorly optimised and planned extraction methodology can jeopardise the entire mission. OBJECTIVE To provide a vivid picture of different chemometric tools and planning for process optimisation and method development in extraction of botanical material, with emphasis on microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of botanical material. METHODS A review of studies involving the application of chemometric tools in combination with MAE of botanical materials was undertaken in order to discover what the significant extraction factors were. Optimising a response by fine-tuning those factors, experimental design or statistical design of experiment (DoE), which is a core area of study in chemometrics, was then used for statistical analysis and interpretations. RESULTS In this review a brief explanation of the different aspects and methodologies related to MAE of botanical materials that were subjected to experimental design, along with some general chemometric tools and the steps involved in the practice of MAE, are presented. A detailed study on various factors and responses involved in the optimisation is also presented. CONCLUSION This article will assist in obtaining a better insight into the chemometric strategies of process optimisation and method development, which will in turn improve the decision-making process in selecting influential extraction parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Kumar Das
- Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Laboratory, Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
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Yang YC, Wei MC, Lian FY, Huang TC. SIMULTANEOUS EXTRACTION AND QUANTITATION OF OLEANOLIC ACID AND URSOLIC ACID FROMSCUTELLARIA BARBATAD. DON BY ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION AND HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2013.777901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Du H, Wu J, Li H, Zhong PX, Xu YJ, Li CH, Ji KX, Wang LS. Polyphenols and triterpenes from Chaenomeles fruits: Chemical analysis and antioxidant activities assessment. Food Chem 2013; 141:4260-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Yang YC, Wei MC, Chiu HF, Huang TC. Development and Validation of a Modified Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Method and a HPLC Method for the Quantitative Determination of Two Triterpenic Acids in Hedyotis diffusa. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300801206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) contents of Hedyotis diffusa and H. corymbosa were determined by a rapid, selective and accurate method combining modified ultrasound-assisted extraction (MUAE) and HPLC. Compared with traditional extraction methods, MUAE reduced the extraction time, the extraction temperature and the solvent consumption and maximized the extraction yields of OA and UA. Furthermore, the combined MUAE–HPLC method was applied to quantitate OA and UA in plant samples and exhibited good repeatability, reproducibility and stability. The mean recovery studies (one extraction cycle) for OA and UA were between 91.3 and 91.7% with RSD values less than 4.5%. The pioneer method was further applied to quantitate OA and UA in six samples of H. diffusa and five samples of H. corymbosa. The results showed that the OA and UA content in the samples from different sources were significantly different. This report is valuable for the application of H. diffusa and H. corymbosa obtained from different regions in clinical research and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiao Yang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chi Wei
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fen Chiu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chia Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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Kim DH, Lee JS, Yun CY, Kim DH, Kim IS. Chinese quince (Chaenomeles sinensis) extract inhibits cell migration and cytokine release in HMC-1 cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Zeng S, Wang L, Zhang L, Qu H, Gong X. Multi-criteria optimization for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of antioxidants from Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae using response surface methodology, an activity-based approach. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1861-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201201126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zeng
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Haibin Qu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xingchu Gong
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P. R. China
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Verma SC, Jain CL, Kumari A, Padhi MM, Devalla RB. Microwave-assisted extraction and rapid isolation of ursolic acid from the leaves of Eucalyptus × hybrida Maiden and its quantification using HPLC-diode array technique. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1255-62. [PMID: 23471897 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is the most important bioactive phytoconstituent of Eucalyptus × hybrida Maiden leaves and exhibits anticancer, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiprotozoal activities. In this study, microwave-assisted extraction technique was employed for rapid isolation of UA from the leaves of Eucalyptus × hybrida and simultaneously HPLC-diode array method was developed for the quantification of UA. Effects of several experimental parameters on the extraction efficiencies of UA, such as type and volume of extraction solvents, microwave power and extraction time, were evaluated. The optimal extraction conditions were found to be 20 mL of a mixture of chloroform/methanol, 60:40; liquid-to-material ratio, 4:1; preleaching time, 10 min; microwave power, 600 W; temperature, 50°C; and microwave irradiation time, 5 min. Under the optimum conditions, the yield of UA was found to be 1.95 ± 0.08% in the dry leaves of Eucalyptus × hybrida. The results showed that microwave-assisted extraction is a more rapid extraction method with higher yield and lower solvent consumptions than the conventional method. It is a faster, convenient, and appropriate method and it may be used for rapid isolation and quantification of UA and other important phytoconstituents present in the leaves of Eucalyptus × hybrida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash C Verma
- Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Janakpuri, New Delhi, India.
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Verma SC, Jain CL, Padhi MM, Devalla RB. Microwave extraction and rapid isolation of arjunic acid from Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) stem bark and quantification of arjunic acid and arjunolic acid using HPLC-PDA technique. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:1627-33. [PMID: 22761141 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Arjunic acid and arjunolic acid are main bioactive components of Terminalia arjuna stem bark and reported for various biological activities. In this study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of arjunic and arjunolic acid from stem bark of T. arjuna was investigated with developed and validated HPLC-PDA method, which resulted in the isolation of a novel anticancer molecule i.e. arjunic acid. Effects of several experimental parameters, such as type and volume of extraction solvents, microwave power, microwave extraction time, on the extraction efficiencies of arjunic, and arjunolic acid from stem bark of T. arjuna were evaluated. The optimal extraction conditions identified were 5.0 g quantity of stem bark powder, 20 mL of ethyl acetate, preleaching time 10 min, microwave power 600 W, temperature 65°C, and microwave irradiation time 5 min. The results showed that MAE is a more rapid extraction method with higher yield and lower solvent consumptions than reported methods. The HPLC-PDA analysis method was developed and validated to have good linearity, precision, sensitivity, and accuracy. MAE-HPLC-PDA is a faster, convenient, and appropriate method for isolation and determination of arjunic acid and arjunolic acid in the stem bark of T. arjuna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash Chandra Verma
- Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Janakpuri, New Delhi, India.
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Goulas V, Manganaris GA. Towards an efficient protocol for the determination of triterpenic acids in olive fruit: a comparative study of drying and extraction methods. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2012; 23:444-9. [PMID: 22213569 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triterpenic acids, such as maslinic acid and oleanolic acid, are commonly found in olive fruits and have been associated with many health benefits. The drying and extraction methods, as well as the solvents used, are critical factors in the determination of their concentration in plant tissues. Thus, there is an emerging need for standardisation of an efficient extraction protocol that determines triterpenic acid content in olive fruits. OBJECTIVE To evaluate common extraction methods of triterpenic acids from olive fruits and to determine the effect of the drying method on their content in order to propose an optimum protocol for their quantification. METHODOLOGY The efficacy of different drying and extraction methods was evaluated through the quantification of maslinic acid and oleanolic acid contents using the reversed-phase HPLC technique. RESULTS Data showed that ultrasonic assisted extraction with ethanol or a mixture of ethanol:methanol (1:1, v/v) resulted in the recovery of significantly higher amounts of triterpenic acids than other methods used. The drying method also affected the estimated triterpenic acid content; frozen or lyophilised olive fruit material gave higher yields of triterpenic acids compared with air-dried material at both 35°C and 105°C. CONCLUSION This study provides a rapid and low-cost extraction method, i.e. ultrasonic assisted extraction with an eco-friendly solvent such as ethanol, from frozen or lyophilised olive fruit for the accurate determination of the triterpenic acid content in olive fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlasios Goulas
- Cyprus University of Technology, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus.
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Dang QV, Dao HC, Nguyen T. Extracting (-)-hydroxycitric Acid from Dried Rinds of Garcinia oblongifolia Champ. ex Benth by Using Microwave. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY-DAEHAN HWAHAK HOE JEE 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/jkcs.2011.55.6.983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhang HF, Yang XH, Wang Y. Microwave assisted extraction of secondary metabolites from plants: Current status and future directions. Trends Food Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chen Q, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Chen Z. Identification and quantification of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in Chinese herbs by liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2011; 25:1381-8. [PMID: 21465498 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive method for the identification and quantification of ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) in Chinese herbs is described. The method combines liquid chromatography (LC) with ion trap-mass spectrometry (IT-MS) detection. The UA and OA standard solution were directly infused into IT-MS for collecting MS(n) spectra. The major fragment ions of UA and OA were confirmed by MS(n) at m/z 455, 407, 391, 377 and 363 in negative ion mode, and m/z 457, 439, 411 and 393 in positive mode, respectively. The possible main cleavage pathway of fragment ions was studied. UA and OA provided good signals corresponding to the deprotonated molecular ion [M - H](-). The method is reliable and reproducible, and the detection limit is 5 ng/mL. The method was validated in the concentration range of 0.04-40 μg/mL; intra- and inter-day precisions ranged from 0.78 to 2.15%, and the accuracy was 96.5-108.2% for UA and OA. The mean recovery of UA and OA was 97.1-106.2% with RSD less than 1.86%. An LC-IT-MS method was successfully applied to determine the UA and OA in nine Chinese herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinhua Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Wuhan University, 430072, China
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Tong X, Xiao X, Li G. On-line coupling of dynamic microwave-assisted extraction with high-speed counter-current chromatography for continuous isolation of nevadensin from Lyeicnotus pauciflorus Maxim. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:2397-402. [PMID: 21775221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An on-line method based upon dynamic microwave-assisted extraction (DMAE) coupled with high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was developed for continuous isolation of nevadensin from Lyeicnotus pauciflorus Maxim. The DMAE parameters were optimized by means of the Box-Behnken design. The maximum extraction yield was achieved using 30:1 ml/g of liquid-solid ratio, 10 ml/min of solvent flow rate and 200 W of microwave power. The crude extracts were then separated by HSCCC with a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (7:3:5:5, v/v/v/v). 13.0mg of nevadensin was isolated from 15.0 g original sample by HSCCC with five times sample injection in 12h, and the isolation yield of nevadensin was 0.87 mg/g. The average purity of nevadensin was higher than 98.0%. The chemical structure of collected fraction was identified by HPLC, ESI-MS and (1)H NMR. The results indicated that this on-line method was effective and fast for high-throughput isolation of nevadensin from L. pauciflorus Maxim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Li GL, You JM, Song CH, Xia L, Zheng J, Suo YR. Development of a new HPLC method with precolumn fluorescent derivatization for rapid, selective and sensitive detection of triterpenic acids in fruits. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:2972-9. [PMID: 21388126 DOI: 10.1021/jf104224t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Triterpenic acids are widespread in plants and have multiplicity of biological properties. Unfortunately the method for accurate analysis of these compounds remains poorly investigated. This study proposed a highly sensitive and selective precolumn derivatization method for accurate determination of five triterpenic acids (betulinic acid, betulonic acid, maslinic acid, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid) in fruits using acridone-9-ethyl-p-toluenesulfonate (AETS) as fluorescent labeling reagent by HPLC with fluorescence detection (FLD). Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the derivatization reaction, ensuring the sufficient labeling of the analyzed components. The rapid separation of five triterpenic acids could be achieved in as little as 16 min. This developed method offered the exciting detection limits of 1.68-2.04 ng/mL. When applied to several popular fruits in China, it revealed satisfactory applicability and reproducibility. This developed method also exhibits powerful potential for accurate detection of triterpenic acids from other foodstuffs and nature products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Liang Li
- Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, People's Republic of China
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Zhou C, Zhang Y, Sheng Y, Zhao D, Lv S, Hu Y, Tao J. Herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) as an alternative source of oleanolic and ursolic acids. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:655-67. [PMID: 21340006 PMCID: PMC3039972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12010655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) have been proven to possess many biological activities, and much attention is focused on the search for plants which are rich in OA and UA. In this report, the OA and UA accumulation characteristics were investigated in 47 cultivars of Chinese herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) and were followed in three cultivars over different developmental stages as measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). OA and UA levels in leaves and stems demonstrated an overall upward trend from May 1 to September 15 except for UA in the leaves of "Hong Feng". The maximum values of OA and UA in leaves of "Yangfei Chu Yu", "Fen Zhu Pan" and "Hong Feng" were 852.98, 575.60, 290.48 μg/g FW and 924.94, 827.36, 432.67 μg/g FW, respectively. The maximum values of OA and UA in stems of "Yangfei Chu Yu", "Fen Zhu Pan" and "Hong Feng" were 359.28, 90.49, 43.90 μg/g FW and 326.86, 82.25, 56.63 μg/g FW, respectively. OA and UA contents in leaves of 47 different herbaceous peony cultivars ranged from 66.73-618.12 and 36.23-665.14 μg/g FW, respectively, with average values of 171.62 and 227.57 μg/g FW, respectively. The results suggested that the aboveground parts of herbaceous peony may be used as an alternative source of OA and UA for medicinal purposes in addition to its ornamental purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; E-Mails: (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; E-Mails: (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yanle Sheng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; E-Mails: (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Daqiu Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; E-Mails: (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Sansan Lv
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; E-Mails: (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; E-Mails: (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; E-Mails: (C.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (D.Z.); (S.L.); (Y.H.)
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