1
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Bui QD, Deschrijver T, Noten B, Verluyten W, Vervoort N, Eeltink S. Optimization of elution conditions and comparison of emerging biocompatible columns on the resolving power and detection sensitivity of oligonucleotides by ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1720:464793. [PMID: 38484639 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
A generic performance comparison strategy has been developed to evaluate the impact of mobile-phase additives (ion-pairing agent / counter ion systems), distinct stationary phases on resulting resolving power, and MS detectability of oligonucleotides and their critical impurities in gradient IP-RPLC. Stationary-phase considerations included particle type (core-shell vs. fully porous particles), particle diameter, and pore size. Separations were carried out at 60°C to optimize mass transfer (C-term). The incorporation of an active column preheater mitigated thermal mismatches, leading to narrower peaks and overcoming peak splitting. Acetonitrile as organic modifier outweighed methanol in terms of peak-capacity generation and yielded a 30% lower back pressure. Performance screening experiments were conducted varying ion-pairing agents and counter ions, while adjusting gradient span achieved an equivalent effective retention window. Hexafluoromethylisopropanol yielded superior chromatographic resolution, whereas hexafluoroisopropanol yielded significantly higher MS detection sensitivity. The 1.7 µm core-shell particle columns with 100 Å pores provided maximum resolving power for small (15-35 mers) oligonucleotides. Sub-min analysis for 15-35 polyT ladders was achieved operating a 50 mm long column at the kinetic performance limits. High-resolution separations between a 21-mer modified RNA sequence oligonucleotides and its related (shortmer and phosphodiester) impurities and complementary strand were obtained using a coupled column set-up with a total length of 450 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang-Dong Bui
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Chemical Engineering, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tiny Deschrijver
- Janssen Pharmaceutica, Process Analytical Research - Chemical Process Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Bart Noten
- Janssen Pharmaceutica, Process Analytical Research - Chemical Process Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Willy Verluyten
- Janssen Pharmaceutica, Analytical Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Nico Vervoort
- Janssen Pharmaceutica, Process Analytical Research - Chemical Process Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Eeltink
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Chemical Engineering, Brussels, Belgium.
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2
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Kosmáková A, Zajickova Z, Urban J. Characterization of hybrid organo-silica monoliths for possible application in the gradient elution of peptides. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300617. [PMID: 37880902 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
We characterized thermally polymerized organo-silica hybrid monolithic capillaries to test their applicability in the gradient elution of peptides. We have used a single-pot approach utilizing 3-(methacryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS), ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA), and n-octadecyl methacrylate (ODM) as functional monomers. The organo-silica monolith containing MPTMS and EDMA was compared with the stationary phase prepared by adding ODM to the original polymerization mixture. Column prepared using a three-monomer system provided a lower accessible volume of flow-through pores, a higher proportion of mesopores, and higher efficiency. We utilized isocratic and gradient elution data to predict peak widths in gradient elution. Both protocols provided comparable results and can be used for peptide peak width prediction. However, applying gradient elution data for peak width prediction seems simpler. Finally, we tested the effect of gradient time on achievable peak capacity in the gradient elution of peptides with a column prepared with a three-monomer system providing a higher peak capacity. However, the performance of hybrid organo-silica monolithic stationary phases in gradient elution of peptides must be improved compared to other monolithic stationary phases. The limiting factor is column efficiency in highly aqueous mobile phases, which needs to be focused on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kosmáková
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Zajickova
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Barry University, Miami Shores, Florida, USA
| | - Jiří Urban
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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3
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Jaag S, Wen C, Peters B, Lämmerhofer M. Kinetic performance comparison of superficially porous, fully porous and monolithic reversed-phase columns by gradient kinetic plots for the separation of protein biopharmaceuticals. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463251. [PMID: 35752149 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To find the best performing column for the analysis of protein-based biopharmaceuticals is a significant challenge as meanwhile numerous modern columns with distinct stationary phase morphologies are available for reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Especially when besides morphology also several other column factors are different, it is hard to decide about the best performing column a priori. To cope with this problem, in the present work 13 different reversed-phase columns dedicated for protein separations were systematically tested by the gradient kinetic plot method. A comprehensive comparison of columns with different morphologies (monolithic, fully porous and superficially porous particle columns), particle sizes and pore diameters as well as column length was performed. Specific consideration was also given to various monolithic columns which recently shifted a bit out of the prime focus in the scientific literature. The test proteins ranged from small proteins starting from 12 kDa, to medium sized proteins (antibody subunits obtained after IdeS-digestion and disulphide reduction) and an intact antibody. The small proteins cytochrome c, lysozyme and β-lactoglobulin could be analysed with similar performance by the best columns of all three column morphologies while for the antibody fragments specific fully porous and superficially porous particle columns were superior. A 450 Å 3,5 µm superficially porous particle column showed the best performance for the intact antibody while a 1.7 µm fully porous particle column with 300 Å showed equivalent performance to the best superficially porous column with thin shell and 400 Å pore size for proteins between 12 and 25 kDa. While the majority of the columns had C4 bonding chemistry, the silica monolith with C18 bonding and 300 Å mesopore size approximated the best performing particle columns and outperformed a C4 300 Å wide-pore monolith. The current work can support the preferred choice for the most suitable reversed-phase column for protein separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Jaag
- Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Chunmei Wen
- Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Peters
- Instrumental Analytics R&D, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Lämmerhofer
- Pharmaceutical (Bio-)Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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4
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Broeckhoven K, Gunnarson C. But Why Doesn’t It Get Better? Kinetic Plots for Liquid Chromatography, Part III: Pulling It All Together. LCGC NORTH AMERICA 2022. [DOI: 10.56530/lcgc.na.vi2966r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Choosing a liquid chromatography (LC) column for a particular application can be a surprisingly challenging task. On one hand, column manufacturers give us many options to choose from, including particle types, pore sizes, particle sizes, and different lengths and diameters. On the other hand, we usually don’t have time to experimentally evaluate many combinations of these parameters, and sometimes we end up picking something similar to the columns that are already in the drawer. The “kinetic plot” is a powerful graphical tool that can help leverage the best available theory to help us understand how different combinations of parameters (that is, particle size and length) will perform in terms of the time needed to get to a particular column efficiency (and thus resolution), and therefore make well-informed decisions when choosing columns.
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5
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Broeckhoven K, Desmet G. Methods to determine the kinetic performance limit of contemporary chromatographic techniques. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:323-339. [PMID: 32902146 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
By combining separation efficiency data as a function of flow rate with the column permeability, the kinetic plot method allows to determine the limits of separation power (time vs. efficiency) of different chromatographic techniques and methods. The technique can be applied for all different types of chromatography (liquid, gas, or supercritical fluid), for different types of column morphologies (packed beds, monoliths, open tubular, micromachined columns), for pressure and electro-driven separations and in both isocratic and gradient elution mode. The present contribution gives an overview of the methods and calculations required to correctly determine these kinetic performance limits and their underlying limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Broeckhoven
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gert Desmet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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6
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Dores-Sousa JL, De Vos J, Eeltink S. Resolving power in liquid chromatography: A trade-off between efficiency and analysis time. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:38-50. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Luís Dores-Sousa
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels Belgium
| | - Jelle De Vos
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Eeltink
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Brussels Belgium
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7
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Using Superficially Porous Particles and Ultrahigh Pressure Liquid Chromatography in Pharmacopeial Monograph Modernization of Common Analgesics. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3593-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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8
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Masike K, Dubery I, Steenkamp P, Smit E, Madala E. Revising Reverse-Phase Chromatographic Behavior for Efficient Differentiation of Both Positional and Geometrical Isomers of Dicaffeoylquinic Acids. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2018; 2018:8694579. [PMID: 29576885 PMCID: PMC5821971 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8694579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs) are plant metabolites and undergo trans-cis-isomerization when exposed to UV irradiation. As such, diCQAs exist in both trans- and cis-configurations and amplify the already complex plant metabolome. However, analytical differentiation of these geometrical isomers using mass spectrometry (MS) approaches has proven to be extremely challenging. Exploring the chromatographic space to develop possible conditions that would aid in differentially separating and determining the elution order of these isomers is therefore imperative. In this study, simple chromatographic parameters, such as column chemistry (phenyl versus alkyl), mobile phase composition (methanol or acetonitrile), and column temperature, were investigated to aid in the separation of diCQA geometrical isomers. The high-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array (HPLC-PDA) chromatograms revealed four isomers post UV irradiation of diCQA authentic standards. The elution profile/order was seen to vary on different reverse-phase column chemistries (phenyl versus alkyl) using different mobile phase composition. Here, the elution profile/order on the phenyl-derived column matrices (with methanol as the mobile phase composition) was observed to be relatively reproducible as compared to the alkyl (C18) columns. Chromatographic resolution of diCQA geometrical isomers can be enhanced with an increase in column temperature. Lastly, the study highlights that chromatographic elution order/profile cannot be relied upon to fathom the complexity of isomeric plant metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keabetswe Masike
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Ian Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Paul Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
- CSIR Biosciences, Natural Products and Agro-Processing Group, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Elize Smit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Edwin Madala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
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9
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Pirok BWJ, Gargano AFG, Schoenmakers PJ. Optimizing separations in online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:68-98. [PMID: 29027363 PMCID: PMC5814945 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Online comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography has become an attractive option for the analysis of complex nonvolatile samples found in various fields (e.g. environmental studies, food, life, and polymer sciences). Two-dimensional liquid chromatography complements the highly popular hyphenated systems that combine liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Two-dimensional liquid chromatography is also applied to the analysis of samples that are not compatible with mass spectrometry (e.g. high-molecular-weight polymers), providing important information on the distribution of the sample components along chemical dimensions (molecular weight, charge, lipophilicity, stereochemistry, etc.). Also, in comparison with conventional one-dimensional liquid chromatography, two-dimensional liquid chromatography provides a greater separation power (peak capacity). Because of the additional selectivity and higher peak capacity, the combination of two-dimensional liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry allows for simpler mixtures of compounds to be introduced in the ion source at any given time, improving quantitative analysis by reducing matrix effects. In this review, we summarize the rationale and principles of two-dimensional liquid chromatography experiments, describe advantages and disadvantages of combining different selectivities and discuss strategies to improve the quality of two-dimensional liquid chromatography separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob W J Pirok
- University of Amsterdam, Analytical-Chemistry Group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,TI-COAST, Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea F G Gargano
- University of Amsterdam, Analytical-Chemistry Group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Schoenmakers
- University of Amsterdam, Analytical-Chemistry Group, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Lamotte S, Gruendling T, Loeb U, Stritesky R, Gerhardt R, Schmidt M, Deeb AA. Generic Ultrahigh Resolution HPLC Methods: An Efficient Way to Tackle Singular Analytical Problems in Industrial Analytics. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3300-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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11
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Masike K, Tugizimana F, Ndlovu N, Smit E, du Preez L, Dubery I, Madala E. Deciphering the influence of column chemistry and mass spectrometry settings for the analyses of geometrical isomers of L-chicoric acid. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1052:73-81. [PMID: 28364699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Resolving the chemo-diversity of plant extract samples is an essential step for in-depth analyses of natural products which often exhibit promising biological activities. One of the challenges in this endeavor has been the confident differentiation of geometrical isomers. In this study, we investigated these aspects in chromatography (column chemistry and mobile phase composition) and mass spectrometry settings with regards to better differentiation of geometrical isomers. A standard of a hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) derivative, L-chicoric acid (L-CA) - a di-acylated caffeoyltartaric acid ester found in a number of plant families - was used. Geometrical isomers of L-CA were formed by exposing the compound to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, to mimic the natural environment. The high performance liquid chromatography photo-diode array (HPLC-PDA) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) platforms were used to analyze the trans and cis geometrical isomers of L-CA. The HPLC-PDA results confirmed the generation of two cis geometrical isomers following UV exposure of the authentic trans-L-CA standard. Furthermore, the HPLC-PDA analyses demonstrated that the changes in both column chemistry (reverse-phase: C18, biphenyl, phenyl-hexyl and pentafluorophenyl propyl) and mobile phase composition (aqueous acetonitrile and aqueous methanol) affect the chromatographic elution profiles of the L-CA isomers. The MS results, on the other hand, revealed undisputed fragmentation differences between the geometrical isomers of L-CA. Thus, this study demonstrates that the identification of the L-CA isomers can be achieved more efficiently and confidently with good chromatography coupled to well-optimized mass spectrometry conditions, a requirement which has been proven impossible with other types of HCA derivatives. Moreover, differences in the binding modes of L-CA geometrical isomers to the HIV type 1 integrase enzyme were observed, suggesting a synergistic anti-HIV-1 activity of these isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keabetswe Masike
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Fidele Tugizimana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Nombuso Ndlovu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Elize Smit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Louis du Preez
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Ian Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
| | - Edwin Madala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa.
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12
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Groskreutz SR, Weber SG. Graphical Method for Choosing Optimized Conditions Given a Pump Pressure and a Particle Diameter in Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2016; 88:11742-11749. [PMID: 27790917 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The general limitations on liquid chromatographic performance in isocratic and gradient elution are now well understood. Many workers have contributed to this understanding and to developing graphical methods, or plots, to illustrate the capabilities of chromatographic systems over a wide range of values of operational parameters. These have been invaluable in getting a picture, in broad strokes, about the value of changing an operational parameter or the value of one separation approach over another. Here we present a plotting approach more appropriate for determining how to use chromatography most efficiently in one's own laboratory. The axes are linear: column length vertical and mobile phase velocity horizontal. In this coordinate system, straight lines with intercept zero correspond to different values of t0. Hyperbolas correspond to values of pressure as the product of length and velocity is proportional to pressure. For a given relationship between theoretical plate height and velocity (e.g., van Deemter), the number of theoretical plates as a function of column length and mobile phase velocity is a surface (z direction) to the x and y of velocity and length. By representing the surface as contours, a two-dimensional plot results. Any point along a constant pressure hyperbola represents the best one can do given the particle diameter, solute diffusion coefficient, and temperature. The user can quickly see how to use the pressure for speed or for more theoretical plates. Sets of such plots allow for comparisons among particle diameters or temperatures. Analogous plots of peak capacity for gradient elution are equally revealing. The plots lead instantly to understanding liquid chromatographic optimization at a practical level. They neatly illustrate the value (or not) of changing pump pressure, particle diameter, or temperature for fast or slow separations in either isocratic or gradient elution. They are illustrated with a focus on maximizing plate count with a given analysis time (isocratic), the effect of volume overload (isocratic), and separations of a limited number of peptides with a peak capacity coming from statistical peak overlap theory (gradient).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen R Groskreutz
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh 219 Parkman Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Stephen G Weber
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh 219 Parkman Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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13
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De Vos J, Kaal ER, Swart R, Baca M, Heyden YV, Eeltink S. Aqueous size-exclusion chromatographic separations of intact proteins under native conditions: Effect of pressure on selectivity and efficiency. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:689-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelle De Vos
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | - Erwin R. Kaal
- DSM Biotechnology Center; part of DSM Food Specialties b.v; Delft The Netherlands
| | | | - Martyna Baca
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Department of Analytical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology; Brussels Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Eeltink
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB); Department of Chemical Engineering; Brussels Belgium
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14
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De Vos J, Broeckhoven K, Eeltink S. Advances in Ultrahigh-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Technology and System Design. Anal Chem 2015; 88:262-78. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelle De Vos
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ken Broeckhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Eeltink
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department
of Chemical Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
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15
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Vajda J, Conze W, Müller E. Kinetic plots in aqueous size exclusion chromatography of monoclonal antibodies and virus particles. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1426:118-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Desmet G, Cabooter D, Broeckhoven K. Graphical Data Representation Methods To Assess the Quality of LC Columns. Anal Chem 2015; 87:8593-602. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504473p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gert Desmet
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Deirdre Cabooter
- KU Leuven−University of Leuven, Department for Pharmaceutical
and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ken Broeckhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Buckenmaier S, Miller CA, van de Goor T, Dittmann MM. Instrument contributions to resolution and sensitivity in ultra high performance liquid chromatography using small bore columns: Comparison of diode array and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1377:64-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Preparation and kinetic performance assessment of thick film 10–20μm open tubular silica capillaries in normal phase high pressure liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1315:127-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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A Fast and Effective Method for Packing Nano-LC Columns with Solid-Core Nano Particles Based on the Synergic Effect of Temperature, Slurry Composition, Sonication and Pressure. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Kinetic performance comparison of fully and superficially porous particles with sizes ranging between 2.7 μm and 5 μm: Intrinsic evaluation and application to a pharmaceutical test compound. J Pharm Anal 2012; 3:313-323. [PMID: 29403833 PMCID: PMC5760962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The reintroduction of superficially porous particles has resulted in a leap forward for the separation performance in liquid chromatography. The underlying reasons for the higher efficiency of columns packed with these particles are discussed. The performance of the newly introduced 5 μm superficially porous particles is evaluated and compared to 2.7 μm superficially porous and 3.5 and 5 μm fully porous columns using typical test compounds (alkylphenones) and a relevant pharmaceutical compound (impurity of amoxicillin). The 5 μm superficially porous particles provide a superior kinetic performance compared to both the 3.5 and 5 μm fully porous particles over the entire relevant range of separation conditions. The performance of the superficially porous particles, however, appears to depend strongly on retention and analyte properties, emphasizing the importance of comparing different columns under realistic conditions (high enough k) and using the compound of interest.
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21
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Kinetic optimisation of the reversed phase liquid chromatographic separation of proanthocyanidins on sub-2μm and superficially porous phases. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1236:63-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Broeckhoven K, Cabooter D, Eeltink S, Desmet G. Kinetic plot based comparison of the efficiency and peak capacity of high-performance liquid chromatography columns: Theoretical background and selected examples. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1228:20-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Kutter JP. Liquid phase chromatography on microchips. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1221:72-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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