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Ioannou KA, Ioannou GD, Christou A, Stavrou IJ, Schmid MG, Kapnissi-Christodoulou CP. The potential of the use of deep eutectic solvents and amino acid-based ionic liquids to enhance the chiral discrimination ability of different chiral selectors in capillary electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464152. [PMID: 37327715 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the combined use of amino acid-based ionic liquids (AAILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) with either cyclodextrin- (CD) or cyclofructan- (CF) based chiral selectors for the chiral separation of amphetamine derivatives was investigated in the present study. A non-significant improvement in enantiomeric separation of target analytes was observed when AAILs were combined with either CF or CD. On the other side, a markedly improved chiral separation of enantiomers was obtained using the dual carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin/DES system, highlighting the existence of a synergistic effect. After the addition of 0.5% v/v of choline chloride-ethylene glycol, the resolution of the enantiomers of amphetamine, methamphetamine and 3-fluorethamphetamine, increased from 1.4, 1.1, 1.0 to 1.8, 1.8, and 1.5 min, and the analysis times increased from 19.54, 20.48, 18.71 to 35.71, 35.78 and 32.90 min, respectively. This was not the case for the CF/DES dual system, in which the separation of amphetamines worsened, indicating an antagonistic effect. In conclusion, DESs are a very promising additive in capillary electrophoresis that can improve the separation of chiral molecules in combination with CDs but not CFs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ioannis J Stavrou
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Martin G Schmid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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2
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Ionic liquid decorated AIE luminogen for selective detection of HSA in biofluids and early disease screening. Talanta 2020; 212:120763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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3
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A monolithic capillary modified with a copoplymer prepared from the ionic liquid 1-vinyl-3-octylimidazolium bromide and styrene for electrochromatography of alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, proteins and amino acids. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 187:67. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3894-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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4
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Kartsova LA, Kravchenko AV, Kolobova EA. Covalent Coatings of Quartz Capillaries for the Electrophoretic Determination of Biologically Active Analytes. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934819080100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Chen R, Zhou H, Liu M, Yan H, Qiao X. Ionic liquids-based monolithic columns: Recent advancements and their applications for high-efficiency separation and enrichment. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Mao Z, Qin X, Chen Z. Monolithic column functionalized with quinine derivative for anion‐exchange capillary electrochromatography. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:3006-3012. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of EducationWuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xiaoning Qin
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of EducationWuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Zilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of EducationWuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wuhan P. R. China
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Li XX, Zhang LS, Wang C, Huang YP, Liu ZS. Green synthesis of monolithic column incorporated with graphene oxide using room temperature ionic liquid and eutectic solvents for capillary electrochromatography. Talanta 2017; 178:763-771. [PMID: 29136892 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a hybrid monolith incorporated with graphene oxide (GO) was prepared in the first time with binary green porogens of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). GO was modified with 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propylmethacrylate (γ-MPS), and the resultant GO-MPS can be incorporated into poly (methacrylic acid-co-butylmethacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) monoliths covalently. A hybrid monolithic column with high permeability and homogeneity can be achieved due to good dispersion of GO-MPS in the green solvents. The GO-MPS incorporated monolith was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and nitrogen adsorption tests. The separation of small organic molecules of alkylphenones and alkylbenzenes was used to evaluate the performance of GO-MPS grafted monolith. The GO-MPS grafted monolith displayed the maximum column efficiency of 147,000 plates/m, about twice higher than the GO-free monolith. In addition, all of the retention and selectivity of small molecules of alkylphenones and alkylbenzenes increased due to the addition of GO-MPS. The results demonstrated that the use of DESs and RTILs is a powerful approach for the preparation of GO incorporated polymer monoliths. The monolith was further applied to the separation of tryptic digests from bovine serum albumin, and the result indicated its potential in the analysis of some complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Li-Shun Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yan-Ping Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Zhao-Sheng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
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8
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Imidozolium Ionic Liquids as Mobile Phase Additives in Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography for the Analysis of Anions. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3409-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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9
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Mao Z, Chen Z. Monolithic column modified with bifunctional ionic liquid and styrene stationary phases for capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1480:99-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Al-Massaedh “AA, Pyell U. Mixed-mode acrylamide-based continuous beds bearing tert -butyl groups for capillary electrochromatography synthesized via complexation of N - tert -butylacrylamide with a water-soluble cyclodextrin. Part I: Retention properties. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1477:114-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Zhang P, Yang H, Chen T, Qin Y, Ye F. Facile one-pot preparation of a novel imidazolium-based monolith by thiol-ene click chemistry for capillary liquid chromatography. Electrophoresis 2016; 38:3013-3019. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin P. R. China
| | - Haiguan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin P. R. China
| | - Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin P. R. China
| | - Yuemei Qin
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin P. R. China
| | - Fanggui Ye
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources; College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin P. R. China
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12
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Recent developments in cyclodextrin functionalized monolithic columns for the enantioseparation of chiral drugs. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 130:110-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Hong T, Yang X, Xu Y, Ji Y. Recent advances in the preparation and application of monolithic capillary columns in separation science. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 931:1-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Wang J, Wu F, Xia R, Zhao Q, Lin X, Xie Z. Rapid fabrication of ionic liquid-functionalized monolithic column via in-situ urea-formaldehyde polycondensation for pressurized capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1449:100-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Comparison between polymerized ionic liquids synthesized using chain-growth and step-growth mechanisms used as stationary phase in gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1451:135-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Sheikhian L, Bina S. Simultaneous extraction and HPLC determination of 3-indole butyric acid and 3-indole acetic acid in pea plant by using ionic liquid-modified silica as sorbent. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1009-1010:34-43. [PMID: 26701202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, ionic liquid-modified silica was used as sorbent for simultaneous extraction and preconcentration of 3-indole butyric acid and 3-indole acetic acid in pea plants. The effect of some parameters such as pH and ionic strength of sample solution, amount of sorbent, flow rate of aqueous sample solution and eluent solution, concentration of eluent solution, and temperature were studied for each hormone solution. Percent extraction of 3-indole butyric acid and 3-indole acetic acid was strongly affected by pH of aqueous sample solution. Ionic strength of aqueous phase and temperature showed no serious effects on extraction efficiency of studied plant hormones. Obtained breakthrough volume was 200mL for each of studied hormones. Preconcentration factor for spectroscopic and chromatographic determination of studied hormones was 100 and 4.0×10(3) respectively. Each solid sorbent phase was reusable for almost 10 times of extraction/stripping procedure. Relative standard deviations of extraction/stripping processes of 3-indole butyric acid and 3-indole acetic acid were 2.79% and 3.66% respectively. The calculated limit of detections for IBA and IAA were 9.1×10(-2)mgL(-1) and 1.6×10(-1)mgL(-1) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Sheikhian
- Department of Chemistry, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran.
| | - Sedigheh Bina
- Department of Chemistry, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad, Iran
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Lu J, Ma HY, Zhang W, Ma ZG, Yao S. Separation of Berberine Hydrochloride and Tetrahydropalmatine and Their Quantitative Analysis with Thin Layer Chromatography Involved with Ionic Liquids. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:642401. [PMID: 26609463 PMCID: PMC4644556 DOI: 10.1155/2015/642401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
[BMIM]OH was used in mobile and stationary phase of thin layer chromatography (TLC) to analyze berberine hydrochloride and tetrahydropalmatine for the first time. Supported imidazole ionic liquid with hydroxide ion on silica gel (SiO2·Im(+)·OH(-)) was synthesized through simple procedure and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Moreover, on the plates prepared by SiO2·Im(+)·OH(-), the contents of the above alkaloids in the Chinese patent medicine (CPM) of "Stomacheasy" capsule were successfully determined by TLC scanner. The key conditions and chromatographic behaviors were also investigated in detail. According to similar ways, ionic liquids (ILs) also can be used in other planar chromatographies in two modes. This study is expected to be helpful in expanding the application of IL and its bonded silica gel in TLC separation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hong-yan Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zhi-guo Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shun Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Recent development of ionic liquid stationary phases for liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1420:1-15. [PMID: 26463427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Based on their particular physicochemical characteristics, ionic liquids have been widely applied in many fields of analytical chemistry. Many types of ionic liquids were immobilized on a support like silica or monolith as stationary phases for liquid chromatography. Moreover, different approaches were developed to bond covalently ionic liquids onto the supporting materials. The obtained ionic liquid stationary phases show multi-mode mechanism including hydrophobic, hydrophilic, hydrogen bond, anion exchange, π-π, and dipole-dipole interactions. Therefore, they could be used in different chromatographic modes including ion-exchange, RPLC, NPLC and HILIC to separate various classes of compounds. This review mainly summarizes the immobilized patterns and types of ionic liquid stationary phases, their retention mechanisms and applications in the recent five years.
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Stavrou IJ, Breitbach ZS, Kapnissi-Christodoulou CP. Combined use of cyclofructans and an amino acid ester-based ionic liquid for the enantioseparation of huperzine A and coumarin derivatives in CE. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:3061-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachary S. Breitbach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington USA
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20
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Histidine-modified organic-silica hybrid monolithic column for mixed-mode per aqueous and ion-exchange capillary electrochromatography. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2046-52. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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21
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Ferey L, Delaunay N. Capillary and microchip electrophoretic analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:2727-47. [PMID: 25542576 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8390-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous contaminants which can reach the environment and food in different ways. Because of their high toxicity, two international regulatory institutions, the US Environmental Protection Agency and the European Food Safety Authority, have classified PAHs as priority pollutants, generating an important demand for the detection and identification of PAHs. Thus, sensitive, fast, and cheap methods for the analysis of PAHs in environmental and food samples are urgently needed. Within this context, electrophoresis, in capillary or microchip format, displays attractive features. This review presents and critically discusses the published literature on the different approaches to capillary and microchip electrophoresis analysis of PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Ferey
- Laboratory of Analytical and Bioanalytical Sciences and Miniaturization, Chemistry, Biology, and Innovation (CBI), UMR 8231 CNRS - ESPCI ParisTech, PSL Research University, 75005, Paris, France
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Qin W, Lü H, Xie Z. Preparation and evaluation ofo-phenanthroline immobilized on a hybrid silica monolith modified with ionic liquids for reversed-phase pressurized capillary electrochromatography. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:3722-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Qin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou China
| | - Haixia Lü
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou China
| | - Zenghong Xie
- Institute of Food Safety and Environmental Monitoring; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou China
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23
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Ou J, Liu Z, Wang H, Lin H, Dong J, Zou H. Recent development of hybrid organic-silica monolithic columns in CEC and capillary LC. Electrophoresis 2014; 36:62-75. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ou
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
| | - Zhongshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Hui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Jing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
| | - Hanfa Zou
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Dalian China
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Zhao T, Wang Q, Li J, Qiao X, Xu Z. Study on an electrochromatography method based on organic-inorganic hybrid molecularly imprinted monolith for determination of trace trichlorfon in vegetables. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:1974-1980. [PMID: 24323896 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphorus pesticides have been widely used in agricultural production. However, the wide use of organophosphate also results in pesticide residues on the plant, which are harmful to human health because of their potential mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. Therefore, it is vital to develop a sensitive and effective analysis method to control pesticide residues. RESULTS In this study, a novel molecularly imprinted capillary monolithic column was prepared using trichlorfon as the template molecule by combining non-hydrolytic sol-gel process with a molecular imprinting technique. The resulting material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared. Under capillary electrochromatography, the effects of voltage, pH, ACN content and concentration of buffer solution on the electro-osmotic flow (EOF) of imprinted capillary monolithic column were evaluated in detail. Using this prepared material as stationary phase for capillary electrochromatography, a novel method of molecularly imprinted capillary electrochromatography (MICEC) for the detection of trace trichlorfon residues in vegetables was developed. Under optimal conditions, appreciable sensitivity was achieved with a LOD (S/N = 3) of 92.5 µg kg(-1) and method quantitation limit (MQL) of 305.3 µg kg(-1), respectively. The linear ranges of the calibration graph were 0.1 µg L(-1) to 10 mg L(-1). The peak area precision (RSD) for five replicate extractions of 0.01 mg L(-1) trichlorfon standard aqueous solution was 4.5%. To evaluate the accuracy of this method, the blank cucumber and cauliflower samples spiked with trichlorfon were extracted and analyzed by this method with good recoveries, ranging from 80.2% to 95.8%. Moreover, this method was successfully applied to the quantitative detection of the trichlorfon residues in leek samples. CONCLUSION With good properties of high sensitivity and simple pre-treatment, this MICEC method could provide a new tool for the rapid determination of trace trichlorfon residue in complex food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
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Tang S, Guo Y, Xiong C, Liu S, Liu X, Jiang S. Nanoparticle-based monoliths for chromatographic separations. Analyst 2014; 139:4103-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00593g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Tang S, Liu S, Guo Y, Liu X, Jiang S. Recent advances of ionic liquids and polymeric ionic liquids in capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1357:147-57. [PMID: 24786657 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) and polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) with unique and fascinating properties have drawn considerable interest for their use in separation science, especially in chromatographic techniques. In this article, significant contributions of ILs and PILs in the improvement of capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography are described, and a specific overview of the most relevant examples of their applications in the last five years is also given. Accordingly, some general conclusions and future perspectives in these areas are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, CAS/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, CAS/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, CAS/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, CAS/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shengxiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources, CAS/Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Sun M, Feng J, Chen W, Li L, Duan H, Luo C. Improvement of the chromatographic separation performance of an imidazolium ionic liquid functionalized silica column by in situ anion-exchange with dodecyl sulfonate and dodecylbenzene sulfonate anions. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1283-8. [PMID: 24616155 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The anionic part of ionic liquids can provide additional interactions during chromatographic separations. In this work, the chromatographic separation performance of a silica column functionalized with 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid was improved by in situ anion-exchange from chloride anions to dodecyl sulfonate anions and dodecylbenzene sulfonate anions. The separation performances of these ionic liquid functionalized phases were investigated and compared with each other using polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalates, parabens, and phenols as model compounds. Results indicated that the new columns presented a better chromatographic separation than the original one. This was ascribed retention mechanism from organic anions. The introduction of dodecyl sulfonate anions increased the hydrophobicity of stationary phase. Furthermore, the phenyl groups of dodecylbenzene sulfonate anions could provide an enhanced selectivity to aromatic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by π-π interactions. Analysis repeatability of the new columns was satisfactory (RSD of retention time, 0.10-0.40%; RSD of peak area, 0.66-0.84%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, China
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28
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Tang S, Liu S, Ren H, Liang X, Qiu H, Guo Y, Liu X, Jiang S. A novel imidazolium-based organic–silica hybrid monolith for per aqueous capillary electrochromatography. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03460k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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29
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Abstract
Supported ionic liquids (SILs), which refer to ionic liquids (ILs) immobilized on supports, are among the most important derivatives of ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingwei Xin
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials (Shandong University)
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Functional Materials in Universities of Shandong (Dezhou University)
- Dezhou, P.R. China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials (Shandong University)
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan, P.R. China
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30
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Ho TD, Zhang C, Hantao LW, Anderson JL. Ionic liquids in analytical chemistry: fundamentals, advances, and perspectives. Anal Chem 2013; 86:262-85. [PMID: 24205989 DOI: 10.1021/ac4035554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tien D Ho
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Toledo , Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
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31
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Liu CC, Deng QL, Fang GZ, Liu HL, Wu JH, Pan MF, Wang S. Ionic liquids monolithic columns for protein separation in capillary electrochromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 804:313-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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32
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Wang X, Zheng N, Huang Y, Wang J, Lin X, Xie Z. Dipyridyl-immobilized ionic liquid type hybrid silica monolith for hydrophilic interaction electrochromatography. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:3091-9. [PMID: 23925897 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A pyridinium-based immobilized ionic liquid type multifunctional hybrid silica monolith was prepared by the in situ polymerization of 3-chloropropyl-silica matrix and 4,4'-dipyridyl for hydrophilic interaction CEC. The obtained hybrid monolith possessed of high stable skeletal microstructures with obviously hydrophilic retention mechanism under ACN content >50% in the mobile phase. Strong and stable anodic EOF could be observed under a broad pH range from pH 3.0 to 9.0. Due to the immobilized dipyridyl groups bonded to the silica matrix surface, the resulting hydrophilic hybrid monolith possessed multiple separation interactions including hydrogen bond, π-π, and anion exchange. Excellent separations of various polar analytes including electroneutral phenols, charged acid nucleotides, and basic analytes were successfully achieved. The highest column efficiencies up to 120,000, 164,000, and 106,000 plates/m were obtained for nucleotides, nucleic acid bases, and nucleosides and nicotines, respectively. These results demonstrated that the dipyridyl-immobilized ionic liquid functionalized hybrid monolith possessed highly mechanical stability and good chromatographic performance for hydrophilic interaction electrochromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Environmental Monitoring, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
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33
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Stavrou IJ, Kapnissi-Christodoulou CP. Use of chiral amino acid ester-based ionic liquids as chiral selectors in CE. Electrophoresis 2013. [PMID: 23208781 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the applicability of a chiral ionic liquid (CIL) as the sole chiral selector in CE was investigated for the first time. In particular, five amino acid ester-based CILs were synthesized and used as additives in the BGE in order to evaluate their chiral recognition ability. The performance of these CILs as the sole chiral selectors was evaluated by using 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2-diylhydrogenphosphate (BNP) as the analyte and by comparing the resolution values. Different parameters were examined, such as the alkyl group bulkiness and the configuration of the cation, the anion type of the CIL and its concentration, and the pH of the BGE, in order to optimize the separation of the enantiomers and to demonstrate the effect that each parameter has on the chiral-recognition ability of the CIL. Baseline separation of BNP within 13 min was achieved by using a BGE of 100 mM Tris/10 mM sodium tetraboratedecahydrate (pH 8) and a chiral selector of 60 mM l-alanine tert butyl ester lactate. The run-to-run and batch-to-batch reproducibilities were also evaluated by computing the %RSD values of the EOF and the two enantiomer peaks. In both cases, very good reproducibilities were observed, since all %RSD values were below 1%.
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34
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Yang H, Nie L, Yao S. Cage-like silica nanoparticles-functionalized silica hybrid monolith for high performance capillary electrochromatography via "one-pot" process. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1283:132-9. [PMID: 23462108 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A cage-like silica nanoparticles-functionalized silica hybrid monolith for high performance capillary electrochromatography (CEC) has been prepared via "one-pot" process. In this process, the polycondensation of hydrolyzed alkoxysilanes and in situ reaction of mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS) with sodium 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonate modified octavinyloctasilasesquioxane (MPS-OVS) simultaneously occurred in a pretreated capillary. The characterization and evaluation results indicated that the obtained MPS-OVS hybrid monolithic capillary column has homogeneous macroporous morphology with a permeability of 5.37×10(-13)m(2) and strong electro osmotic flow (EOF) over a wide pH range from 2.7 to 11.2. The EOF on the MPS-OVS hybrid monolithic column reached its maximum of 0.327cm(2)kV(-1)s(-1) at pH 9.7. The best theoretical efficiency of ∼470,000plates/m was obtained for 2-aminophenol in CEC. Anilines and phenols were well separated on the MPS-OVS hybrid monolithic column by CEC, indicating typical reversed-phase and cation-exchange chromatographic retention mechanisms of the column. The monolith was further applied to the separation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) tryptic digests, and the result indicated its potential in the analysis of some complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing & Chemometrics, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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35
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Tang S, Wang L, Han H, Qiu H, Liu X, Jiang S. Preparation and characterization of dipyridine modified hybrid-silica monolithic column for mixed-mode capillary electrochromatography. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40580j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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36
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Ou J, Lin H, Zhang Z, Huang G, Dong J, Zou H. Recent advances in preparation and application of hybrid organic-silica monolithic capillary columns. Electrophoresis 2012; 34:126-40. [PMID: 23161325 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-silica monolithic columns, regarded as a second generation of silica-based monoliths, have received much interest due to their unique properties over the pure silica-based monoliths. This review mainly focuses on development in the fields of preparation of hybrid monolithic columns in a capillary and their application for CEC and capillary liquid chromatography separation, as well as for sample pretreatment of solid-phase microextraction and immobilized enzyme reactor since July 2010. The preparation approaches are comprehensively summarized with three routes: (i) general sol-gel process using trialkoxysilanes and tetraalkoxysilanes as coprecursors; (ii) "one-pot" process of alkoxysilanes and organic monomers concomitantly proceeding sol-gel chemistry and free radical polymerization; and (iii) other polymerization approaches of organic monomers containing silanes. The modification of hybrid monoliths containing reactive groups to acquire the desired surface functionality is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Ou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic R & A Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China.
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37
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Application of ionic liquid for extraction and separation of bioactive compounds from plants. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 904:1-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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Wiedmer SK, King AWT, Riekkola ML. Phosphonium-based ionic liquids in electrokinetic capillary chromatography for the separation of neutral analytes. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1253:171-6. [PMID: 22796026 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work we elucidated the applicability of phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) as pseudostationary phase in electrokinetic capillary chromatography (EKC) with UV-detection. The phosphonium ILs studied contain bromide, chlorine, or tosylate ions, as counter ions, and alkyl side chains of variable length on the phosphorous atom. The effects of the type and concentration of the IL, pH, ionic strength, and type of background electrolyte solution on the electroosmotic flow (EOF) and on the effective electrophoretic mobilities of some neutral model analytes were investigated and large variations in the migration times were observed. Especially the IL employed remarkably affected the strength and direction of the EOF Successful separations were obtained for neutral aromatic singly substituted analytes, namely benzene, toluene, phenol, and nitrobenzene. The results demonstrated the potential of capillary electromigration methods for rapid interaction studies between ILs and analytes, which is useful for the development of novel materials for sample preparation and separation purposes or for novel catalyst and chemical processing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne K Wiedmer
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, POB 55, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
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39
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Han H, Wang Q, Liu X, Jiang S. Polymeric ionic liquid modified organic-silica hybrid monolithic column for capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1246:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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40
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Zhu T, Row KH. Preparation and applications of hybrid organic-inorganic monoliths: A review. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:1294-302. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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41
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Lu J, Ye F, Zhang A, Chen X, Wei Y, Zhao S. Preparation and evaluation of ionic liquid-gold nanoparticles functionalized silica monolithic column for capillary electrochromatography. Analyst 2012; 137:5860-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an35923e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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42
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Vidal L, Riekkola ML, Canals A. Ionic liquid-modified materials for solid-phase extraction and separation: a review. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 715:19-41. [PMID: 22244164 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 11/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, materials science has propelled to the research forefront. Ionic liquids with unique and fascinating properties have also left their footprints to the developments of materials science during the last years. In this review we highlight some of their recent advances and provide an overview at the current status of ionic liquid-modified materials applied in solid-phase extraction, liquid and gas chromatography and capillary electrochromatography with reference to recent applications. In addition, the potential of ionic liquids in the modification of capillary inner wall in capillary electrophoresis is demonstrated. The main target material modified with ionic liquids is silica, but polymers and monoliths have recently joined the studies. Although imidazolium is still clearly the most commonly used ionic liquid for the covalently modification of materials, the exploitation of pyridinium and phosphonium will most probably increase in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Vidal
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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