1
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Firooz SK, Wahab MF, Yu J, Armstrong DW. High efficiency functionalized hydrophilic cyclofructans as stationary phases in sub/supercritical fluid chromatography. Talanta 2021; 232:122308. [PMID: 34074384 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Packed column SFC has become very popular for preparative and analytical separations due to the low cost of CO2, its accessible critical temperature, and pressure, with the additional benefit of a low environmental burden. Currently, there is a shortage of new polar stationary phase chemistries for SFC. In this work, two new functionalized cyclofructan columns are introduced and evaluated for their performance in achiral SFC separations for the first time. Cyclofructan (CF6), a macrocyclic oligosaccharide, was covalently linked with benzoic acid (BCF6) and propyl sulfonic acid (SCF6) groups by ether bonds. Superficially porous particles (2.7 μm) bonded with modified CF6 showed markedly different selectivity than native CF6. In SFC, peak shapes of amines and basic compounds are often compromised. We show that small quantities (~5.7% v/v) of water added to the methanol modifier in CO2 improves peak symmetries of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. Efficiencies as high as 200,000 plates/m (reduced plate height ~ 1.8) were observed for benzamide and amitriptyline on the BCF6 column. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of retention times on BCF6 were about 1.4%, and on SCF6 were less than 1%. Amines on the SCF6 column showed plate counts as high as 170,000 plates/m. Tetramethylammonium acetate is examined as an alternative to water in MeOH. A run time of 36 min with methanol, trifluoroacetic acid, triethylamine mobile phase was reduced to <5 min with complete baseline resolution for a set of amines. The new stationary phases allow greener approaches towards solving separation problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Khaki Firooz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - M Farooq Wahab
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Jeongjae Yu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
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2
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Yu J, Wey M, Firooz SK, Armstrong DW. Ionizable Cyclofructan 6-Based Stationary Phases for Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Using Superficially Porous Particles. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04063-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Development and Validation of a Stability-Indicating HPLC Method for Assay of Milbemycin Oxime and Estimation of Its Related Compounds. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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4
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HPLC Separation of Phenolic Acids on Silica Gels Layer-by-Layer Modified with 6,10-Ionene and Dextran Sulfate. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/5702940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Using phenolic acids as an example, we continue to study the nature of the previously obtained multilayer sorbents for HPLC—silica gels modified up to two times with 6,10-ionene and dextran sulfate (DS). The chromatographic behavior of this class of compounds on the obtained sorbents was studied. A six-component mixture of sorbic, vanillic, sinapic,
-coumaric, caffeic, and ferulic acids was separated on the silica gel twice modified with 6,10-ionene and dextran sulfate in 15 min with a selectivity of up to 1.88 and a column efficiency of up to 26000 theoretical plates per meter. The possibility of separating the two classes of compounds—phenolic acids and basic nitrogen-containing pharmaceuticals—in a single mixture on silica gel, twice modified with 6,10-ionene and dextran sulfate, is shown.
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5
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Ioutsi AN, Ioutsi VA, Shapovalova EN, Shpigun OA. Determination of Pharmacologically Active Nitrogen-Containing Compounds on Silica Doubly Modified with 6,10-Ionene and Dextran Sulphate by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820070096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Žuvela P, Skoczylas M, Jay Liu J, Ba Czek T, Kaliszan R, Wong MW, Buszewski B, Héberger K. Column Characterization and Selection Systems in Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3674-3729. [PMID: 30604951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is the most popular chromatographic mode, accounting for more than 90% of all separations. HPLC itself owes its immense popularity to it being relatively simple and inexpensive, with the equipment being reliable and easy to operate. Due to extensive automation, it can be run virtually unattended with multiple samples at various separation conditions, even by relatively low-skilled personnel. Currently, there are >600 RP-HPLC columns available to end users for purchase, some of which exhibit very large differences in selectivity and production quality. Often, two similar RP-HPLC columns are not equally suitable for the requisite separation, and to date, there is no universal RP-HPLC column covering a variety of analytes. This forces analytical laboratories to keep a multitude of diverse columns. Therefore, column selection is a crucial segment of RP-HPLC method development, especially since sample complexity is constantly increasing. Rationally choosing an appropriate column is complicated. In addition to the differences in the primary intermolecular interactions with analytes of the dispersive (London) type, individual columns can also exhibit a unique character owing to specific polar, hydrogen bond, and electron pair donor-acceptor interactions. They can also vary depending on the type of packing, amount and type of residual silanols, "end-capping", bonding density of ligands, and pore size, among others. Consequently, the chromatographic performance of RP-HPLC systems is often considerably altered depending on the selected column. Although a wide spectrum of knowledge is available on this important subject, there is still a lack of a comprehensive review for an objective comparison and/or selection of chromatographic columns. We aim for this review to be a comprehensive, authoritative, critical, and easily readable monograph of the most relevant publications regarding column selection and characterization in RP-HPLC covering the past four decades. Future perspectives, which involve the integration of state-of-the-art molecular simulations (molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo) with minimal experiments, aimed at nearly "experiment-free" column selection methodology, are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Žuvela
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Magdalena Skoczylas
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Center for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies , Nicolaus Copernicus University , Wileńska 4 , 87-100 Toruń , Poland
| | - J Jay Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Pukyong National University , 365 Sinseon-ro , Nam-gu, 48-513 Busan , Korea
| | | | | | - Ming Wah Wong
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Center for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies , Nicolaus Copernicus University , Wileńska 4 , 87-100 Toruń , Poland
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7
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Lipka E, Dascalu AE, Messara Y, Tsutsqiridze E, Farkas T, Chankvetadze B. Separation of enantiomers of native amino acids with polysaccharide-based chiral columns in supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1585:207-212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Abstract
Cyclofructans are cyclic oligosaccharides made of β-2,1-linked fructofuranose units. They have been utilized as chiral selectors, usually after derivatization, with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The focus herein will be directed to their development and applications as chiral selectors in various chiral separation techniques. Discussion of their use in hydrophilic liquid interaction chromatography (HILIC) will be limited. Their use in liquid chromatography, especially their improvements with the use of superficially porous particles (SPPs) will be emphasized. Method parameters and future directions are also discussed.
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Ioutsi AN, Shapovalova EN, Ioutsi VA, Mazhuga AG, Shpigun OA. Separation of pharmacologically active nitrogen-containing compounds on silica gels modified with 6,10-ionene, dextran sulfate, and gold nanoparticles. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024417120111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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“Thiol-ene” grafting of silica particles with three-dimensional branched copolymer for HILIC/cation-exchange chromatographic separation and N-glycopeptide enrichment. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:1019-1027. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Xie SM, Yuan LM. Recent progress of chiral stationary phases for separation of enantiomers in gas chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:124-137. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming P. R. China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming P. R. China
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12
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Qiao L, Shi X, Xu G. Recent advances in development and characterization of stationary phases for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Přibylka A, Švidrnoch M, Tesařová E, Armstrong DW, Maier V. The empirical comparison of cyclofructans and cyclodextrins as chiral selectors in capillary electrophoretic separation of atropisomers ofR,S-1,1’-binaphthalene-2,2’-diyl hydrogen phosphate. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:973-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Přibylka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Martin Švidrnoch
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Eva Tesařová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Albertov 2030 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
| | - Vítězslav Maier
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
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14
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Tumpa AR, Rakić TM, Jovanović MM, Jančić-Stojanović BS. Optimization of Chromatographic Separation of Acetylsalicylic Acid, Amlodipine, Impurity A of Amlodipine, and Atenolol in Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Employing DoE Methodology. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2015.1077863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anja R. Tumpa
- Department of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana M. Rakić
- Department of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko M. Jovanović
- Department of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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15
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Mallik AK, Qiu H, Kuwahara Y, Takafuji M, Ihara H. A remarkable enhancement of selectivity towards versatile analytes by a strategically integrated H-bonding site containing phase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14243-6. [PMID: 26264655 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04966k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A double β-alanylated L-glutamide-derived organic phase has been newly designed and synthesized in such a way that integrated H-bonding (interaction) sites make it very suitable for the separation of versatile analytes, including shape-constrained isomers, and nonpolar, polar and basic compounds. The β-alanine residues introduced into two long-chain alkyl group moieties provide ordered polar groups through H-bonding among the amide groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abul K Mallik
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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16
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Liang T, Fu Q, Li F, Zhou W, Xin H, Wang H, Jin Y, Liang X. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography for the separation, purification, and quantification of raffinose family oligosaccharides from Lycopus lucidus
Turcz. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:2607-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tu Liang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 PR China
| | - Qing Fu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 PR China
| | - Fangbing Li
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 PR China
| | - Huaxia Xin
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 PR China
| | - Yu Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 PR China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry; Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology; Shanghai 200237 PR China
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry; Key Lab of Natural Medicine, Liaoning Province, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 PR China
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17
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Kasagić-Vujanović I, Jančić-Stojanović B, Rakić T, Ivanović D. Design of Experiments in Optimization and Validation of a Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography Method for Determination of Amlodipine Besylate and Bisoprolol Fumarate. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2014.991872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irena Kasagić-Vujanović
- Department of Drug Analysis, University of Banja Luka – Medical Faculty, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska
| | | | - Tijana Rakić
- Department of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Darko Ivanović
- Department of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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18
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Padivitage NL, Smuts JP, Breitbach ZS, Armstrong DW, Berthod A. PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF HPLC CHIRAL STATIONARY PHASES BASED ON CATIONIC/BASIC DERIVATIVES OF CYCLOFRUCTAN 6. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015; 38:550-560. [PMID: 25663797 DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2014.917668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The cyclofructan 6 (CF6) macrocyclic-oligosaccharide was derivatized with five different substituents able to bear positive charges: propyl imidazole (IM) methyl benzimidazole (BIM), dimethyl aminopropyl (AP), pyridine (PY) and dimethyl aminophenyl (DMAP). The derivatized cyclofructans were reacted with triethoxysilyl-propylisocyanate as a linker to bond them to 5 μm spherical silica gel particles and then used to prepare HPLC columns. The bonded silica particles were analyzed to establish the bonding densities. A set of 34 chiral compounds including acids, neutral compounds and bases was tested with nine different mobile phase compositions including two reverse phase (RP) acetonitrile/pH 4 buffer, three polar organic (PO) acetonitrile/methanol and four normal phase (NP) heptane/ethanol mobile phases. No compounds could be separated in the RP mode. Eight compounds only could be enantioseparated in the PO mode and 21 compounds in the NP mode. The most effective chiral stationary phase was the propyl imidazole derivatized CF6 phase, provided that no more than six imidazole substituents and two linkers are attached per CF6 unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilusha L Padivitage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Jonathan P Smuts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Zachary S Breitbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX 76019, USA ; AZYP LLC, 700 Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX 76019, USA ; AZYP LLC, 700 Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Alain Berthod
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Université de Lyon 1, CNRS, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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19
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Qiao L, Wang S, Li H, Shan Y, Dou A, Shi X, Xu G. A novel surface-confined glucaminium-based ionic liquid stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1360:240-7. [PMID: 25129388 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glucaminium-based ionic liquids are a new class of recently developed ionic liquids and prepared by functionalizing the amine group of N-methyl-d-glucamine, which renders them good hydrophilicity due to the presence of the glucose structure and charged quaternary ammonium group. In the present study, a glucaminium-based ionic liquid N,N-diallyl-N-methyl-d-glucaminium bromide was synthesized and subsequently bonded to the surface of 3-mercaptopropyl modified silica materials through "thiol-ene" click chemistry. The obtained stationary phase was characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy, and then packed as a HPLC column. A mixture of five nucleosides was used to characterize the separation performance of the obtained column under HILIC mode and the column efficiency was determined with cytidine as the test solute, reaching 80,000plates/m. Then, the retention behavior was evaluated by investigating the effect of various chromatographic factors on retention of different types of solutes, and the results revealed that the developed surface-confined glucaminium-based ionic liquid stationary phase exhibited a hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode retention mechanism. Finally, two mixtures of nucleotides and flavonoids were separated on the glucaminium-based ionic liquid column, respectively under hydrophilic interaction and hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode chromatography. In conclusion, the multimodal retention capabilities of the glucaminium-based ionic liquid column could offer a wider range of retention behavior and flexible selectivity toward polar and hydrophilic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuangyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuanhong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Abo Dou
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xianzhe Shi
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Guowang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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Qiu H, Kiyono-Shimobe M, Armstrong DW. NATIVE/DERIVATIZED CYCLOFRUCTAN 6 BOUND TO RESINS VIA “CLICK” CHEMISTRY AS STATIONARY PHASES FOR ACHIRAL/CHIRAL SEPARATIONS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2013.830271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixiao Qiu
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington , Texas , USA
- b AZYP, LLC , Arlington , Texas , USA
| | | | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington , Texas , USA
- b AZYP, LLC , Arlington , Texas , USA
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21
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Smuts JP, Hao XQ, Han Z, Parpia C, Krische MJ, Armstrong DW. Enantiomeric Separations of Chiral Sulfonic and Phosphoric Acids with Barium-Doped Cyclofructan Selectors via an Ion Interaction Mechanism. Anal Chem 2013; 86:1282-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403686a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Smuts
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zhaobin Han
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Curran Parpia
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Michael J. Krische
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX 76019, United States
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22
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Na YC, Padivitage NL, Dissanayake MK, Armstrong DW. Binding characteristics of native cyclofructan 6 and its derivatives with metal ions. Supramol Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2013.852676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Cheol Na
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 126-16 Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, South Korea
| | - Nilusha L.T. Padivitage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Milan K. Dissanayake
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
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Padivitage NLT, Dodbiba E, Breitbach ZS, Armstrong DW. Enantiomeric separations of illicit drugs and controlled substances using cyclofructan-based (LARIHC) and cyclobond I 2000 RSP HPLC chiral stationary phases. Drug Test Anal 2013; 6:542-51. [PMID: 24115758 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Recently a novel class of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on cyclofructan (CF) has been developed. Cyclofructans are cyclic oligosaccharides that possess a crown ether core and pendent fructofuranose moieties. Herein, we evaluate the applicability of these novel CSPs for the enantiomeric separation of chiral illicit drugs and controlled substances directly without any derivatization. A set of 20 racemic compounds were used to evaluate these columns including 8 primary amines, 5 secondary amines, and 7 tertiary amines. Of the new cyclofructan-based LARIHC columns, 14 enantiomeric separations were obtained including 7 baseline and 7 partial separations. The LARIHC CF6-P column proved to be the most useful in separating illicit drugs and controlled substances accounting for 11 of the 14 optimized separations. The polar organic mode containing small amounts of methanol in acetonitrile was the most useful solvent system for the LARIHC CF6-P CSP. Furthermore, the LARIHC CF7-DMP CSP proved to be valuable for the separation of the tested chiral drugs resulting in four of the optimized enantiomeric separations, whereas the CF6-RN did not yield any optimum separations. The broad selectivity of the LARIHC CF7-DMP CSP is evident as it separated primary, secondary and tertiary amine containing chiral drugs. The compounds that were partially or un-separated using the cyclofructan based columns were screened with a Cyclobond I 2000 RSP column. This CSP provided three baseline and six partial separations.
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Padivitage NLT, Dissanayake MK, Armstrong DW. Separation of nucleotides by hydrophilic interaction chromatography using the FRULIC-N column. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:8837-48. [PMID: 23995506 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7315-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A stationary phase composed of silica-bonded cyclofructan 6 (FRULIC-N) was evaluated for the separation of four cyclic nucleotides, six nucleoside monophosphates, four nucleoside diphosphates, and five nucleoside triphosphates via hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) in both isocratic and gradient conditions. The gradient conditions gave significantly better separations by narrowing peak widths. Sixteen out of nineteen nucleotides were baseline separated on the FRULIC-N column in one run. Unlike other known HILIC stationary phases, there can be dual-retention mechanisms unique to this media. Traditional hydrogen bonding/dipolar interactions can be supplemented by dynamic ion interaction effects for anionic analytes. This occurs because the FRULIC-N stationary phase is able to bind certain buffer cations. The extent of the ion interaction is tunable, in comparison to stationary phases with embedded charged groups, where the inherent ionic properties are fixed. The best mobile phase conditions were determined by varying the organic modifier (acetonitrile) content, as well as salt type/concentration and electrolyte pH. The thermodynamic characteristic of the FRULIC-N column was investigated by evaluating the column temperature effect on retention and utilizing van't Hoff plots. This study shows that there is a greater entropic contribution for the retention of nucleotide di and triphosphates, whereas there is a greater enthalphic contribution for the cyclic nucleotides with the FRULIC-N column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilusha L T Padivitage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
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Vozka J, Kalíková K, Roussel C, Armstrong DW, Tesařová E. An insight into the use of dimethylphenyl carbamate cyclofructan 7 chiral stationary phase in supercritical fluid chromatography: The basic comparison with HPLC. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1711-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201201174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Vozka
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Květa Kalíková
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - Christian Roussel
- Department of Dynamic Stereochemistry and Chirality Aix Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
| | - Eva Tesařová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry; Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
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26
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Thermodynamic studies of a zwitterionic stationary phase in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1272:81-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.11.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Chester TL. Recent Developments in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phases. Anal Chem 2012; 85:579-89. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303180y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L. Chester
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210172, Cincinnati,
Ohio 45221-0172, United States
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Epoxy-based monoliths for capillary liquid chromatography of small and large molecules. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:2233-44. [PMID: 23114928 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A versatile epoxy-based monolith was synthesised by polycondensation polymerisation of glycidyl ether 100 with ethylenediamine using a porogenic system consisting of polyethylene glycol, M(w) = 1000, and 1-decanol. Polymerisation was performed at 80 °C for 22 h. A simple acid hydrolysis of residual epoxides resulted in a mixed diol-amino chemistry. The modified column was used successfully for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) of small molecule probes such as nucleic acid bases and nucleosides, benzoic acid derivatives, as well as for peptides released from a tryptic digest of cytochrome c. The mixed-mode chemistry allowed both hydrophilic partitioning and ion-exchange (IEX) interactions to contribute to the separation, providing flexibility in selectivity control. Residual epoxide groups were also exploited for incorporating a mixed IEX chemistry. Alternatively, the surface chemistry of the monolith pore surface rendered hydrophobic via grafting of a co-polymerised hydrophobic hydrogel. The inherent hydrophilicity of the monolith scaffold also enabled high performance separation of proteins under IEX and hydrophobic interaction modes and in the absence of non-specific interactions.
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29
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Vozka J, Kalíková K, Janečková L, Armstrong DW, Tesařová E. Chiral HPLC Separation on Derivatized Cyclofructan Versus Cyclodextrin Stationary Phases. ANAL LETT 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.686128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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Bawazeer S, Sutcliffe OB, Euerby MR, Bawazeer S, Watson DG. A comparison of the chromatographic properties of silica gel and silicon hydride modified silica gels. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1263:61-7. [PMID: 23040975 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The retention properties of a silica gel column and a type C silica (silicon hydride) column for bases, sugars and polar acids were compared in hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) mode with formic acid or ammonium acetate as aqueous phase modifiers. The type C silica column was much more retentive for a series of model bases than the silica gel column and, surprisingly, retention of bases increased on the type C silica column when, the higher pH, ammonium acetate containing mobile phase was used. The retention of sugars was greater on the type C silica column than on the silica gel column and also increased on the type C silica column with increased pH suggesting either a silanophilic mechanism of retention or some unknown mechanism. Three type C silica based columns, type C silica, cogent diamond hydride and a β-pinene modified column, which it was hoped might exert some additional stereochemical discrimination, were tested for metabolomic profiling of urine. In general the unmodified type C silica column gave the strongest retention of the many polar metabolites in urine and could provide a useful complement to established HILIC methods for metabolomic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Bawazeer
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 161, Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
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31
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Kozlík P, Šímová V, Kalíková K, Bosáková Z, Armstrong DW, Tesařová E. Effect of silica gel modification with cyclofructans on properties of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1257:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Gökmen V, Serpen A, Mogol BA. Rapid determination of amino acids in foods by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:2915-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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33
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Krishantha DMM, Breitbach ZS, Padivitage NLT, Armstrong DW, Guan X. Rapid determination of sample purity and composition by nanopore stochastic sensing. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:4593-4596. [PMID: 22009387 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr10974j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A rapid highly sensitive method to determine sample composition is reported. By monitoring the interaction between the sample of interest and a properly engineered nanopore, information regarding the identities and concentrations of the sample components could be revealed via their characteristic signatures, e.g., blockage amplitudes and event residence times. The sample composition method should be applicable in various research areas, including analytical chemistry, organic synthesis, pharmaceutical industry, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Milan Krishantha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019-0065, USA
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