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Xiong Z, He Y, Guan W, Lv X, Chen J, Ma D. Investigating the impact of common migration substances found in milk packaging on proteases: A multispectral and molecular docking approach. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 318:124517. [PMID: 38801790 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The effects of common migration substances in milk packaging on digestive protease were studied. We choose the common migrants found in eight types of multi-layer composite milk packaging. Enzyme activity experiments revealed that pepsin activity decreased by approximately 18 % at 500 μg/mL of stearic acid and stearamide treatment, while trypsin activity decreased by approximately 18 % only by stearic acid treatment (500 μg/mL). Subsequently, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and molecular docking technology were employed to investigate the inhibition mechanism of protease activity by migrating substances in three systems: stearic acid-trypsin, stearic acid-pepsin, and stearamide-pepsin. Results showed that the inhibitory effect of stearic acid on trypsin is a reversible mixed inhibition, whereas the inhibitory effects of stearic acid and stearamide on pepsin are non-competitive. In all three systems, ΔH < 0, ΔS < 0, and ΔG < 0, indicating the binding process between the migrant and the protease is a spontaneous exothermic process primarily driven by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. In addition, their binding constants are all around 104 L/moL, indicating that there are moderate binding affinities exist between migrants and proteases. The binding process results in the quenching of the protease's endogenous fluorescence and induces alterations in the enzyme's secondary structure. Synchronized fluorescence spectroscopy showed that stearic acid enhanced the hydrophobicity near the Tyr residue of trypsin. The molecular docking results indicated that the binding affinity of stearic acid-trypsin, stearic acid-pepsin, and stearamide-pepsin was -22.51 kJ/mol, -12.35 kJ/mol, -19.28 kJ/mol respectively, which consistent with the trend in the enzyme activity results. This study can provide references for the selection of milk packaging materials and the use of processing additives, ensuring food health and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Xiong
- College of Packaging Engineering, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China
| | - Yue He
- Zhuhai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Weiyan Guan
- College of Packaging Engineering, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China
| | - Xinguang Lv
- College of Packaging Engineering, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Da Ma
- College of Packaging Engineering, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China; Packaging Engineering Institute, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070 China; Key Laboratory of Product Packaging and Logistics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519070, China.
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2
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Sánchez A, Vélez D, Devesa V. Processes influencing the toxicity of microplastics ingested through the diet. Food Chem 2024; 456:139947. [PMID: 38850610 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The present study assesses the effect of culinary treatment and gastrointestinal digestion upon the release of additives present in microplastics. Organic additives were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and inorganic additives using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The results revealed a large number of organic additives in the plastic samples, some being classified as possible carcinogens. Contents of Sb in PET (polyethylene terephthalate), Zn and Ba in LDPE (low-density polyethylene) and PVC (polyvinylchloride), and Ti and Pb in LDPE were also noteworthy. The culinary process promotes the release and solubilization of additives into the cooking liquid, with phthalates, benzophenone, N-butylbenzenesulfonamide (NBBS) and bisphenol A being of particular concern. The solubilization of phthalates and NBBS was also observed during gastrointestinal digestion. This study demonstrates that culinary treatment and gastrointestinal digestion promote release and solubilization of additives from plastics ingested with the diet. Such solubilization may facilitate their entry into the systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Sánchez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dinoraz Vélez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicenta Devesa
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
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3
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Isci G. Assessment of phthalate esters in packaged fruit juices sold in the Turkish market and their implications on human health risk. Food Chem 2024; 435:137658. [PMID: 37804725 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the concentration of PAEs and conduct a risk assessment focusing on their potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In this research, a method of quantifying eight PAEs in fruit juice samples was established through the utilization of dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE) and Liquid Chromatography coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). While he method recoveries for the samples ranged from 92.21 % to 96.74 %, the RSDs for the eight analytes in the samples ranged from 4.22 % to 6.64 %. Additionally, LODs ranging from 0.34 to 1.88 ng/mL and LOQs ranging from 1.17 to 6.27 ng/mL were determined. Utilizing this methodology, the assessment of PAE concentrations was carried out in 48 fruit juice samples. The results showed that PAEs were detectable in the fruit juice samples, but all tested compounds remained below the specific migration limits set by the EU (30 mg/kg for BBP, 1.5 mg/kg for DEHP, 0.3 mg/kg for DBP, and 9 mg/kg for DINP and DIDP). Among the analyzed PAEs, DINP (26.94 ± 3.25 ng/mL), DEP (7.07 ± 7.59 ng/mL), and DEHP (3.48 ± 1.02 ng/mL) were found to be the most prevalent plasticizers in the fruit juices. Health risk assessments were conducted by calculating Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values based on the consumption patterns of different age groups. The findings indicated that the values for DEHP, DINP, DEP, and DBP were all below 1, indicating negligible non-carcinogenic health risks associated with the consumption of fruit juices across all age groups. Moreover, the dietary intake levels of each PAE were found to be below the values established by the EFSA for TDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursel Isci
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, 04100 Agri, Turkey.
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4
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Hasan S, Miah MA, Mustari A, Sujan KM, Bhuiyan MER, Rafiq K. Exposure to environmentally relevant phthalate mixture during pregnancy alters the physical and hemato-biochemical parameters in Black Bengal goats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25852. [PMID: 38375287 PMCID: PMC10875431 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Several environmental pollutants, mostly chemicals and plasticizers, have an effect on the reproduction of small ruminants, causing abortion, delayed estrus, and decreased fertility. Phthalates are common in our environment and have been identified as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The research work investigated the impact of dietary exposure to a phthalate mixture on physical and hemato-biochemical parameters in pregnant Black Bengal (BB) goats. A total of 20 clinically healthy, 1-2 months pregnant, aged 6-8 months with a body weight of 10-12 kg BB goats were collected and divided into two (n = 10) groups. The treatment group received a standard goat ration with a combination of different phthalates mixture while the control group was provided the same ration with the vehicle of aphthalatemixture until parturition. The physical parameters were measured with appropriate tools and blood samples were collected for hemato-biochemical tests. The results showed that the physiological parameters (body condition score, respiration rate and heart rate) were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in phthalate-exposed goats without altering rectal temperature and rumen motility. The hematological parameters: RBC count, WBC count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit values and RBC indices were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in phthalate-exposed goats. Phthalate-exposed BB goats had significantly (P < 0.05) higher neutrophil and lower lymphocyte counts. Serum glucose, total protein, albumin and total cholesterol levels were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in phthalate-exposed BB goats but higher the values of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in treated BB goats. It may be concluded that exposure to a phthalate mixture during pregnancy alters the physical, hematological and biochemical parameters in BB goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajibul Hasan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Alam Miah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Afrina Mustari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Khaled Mahmud Sujan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Eliusur Rahman Bhuiyan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Rafiq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing, 2202, Bangladesh
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Huang DK, Liu ZH, Wan YP, Dang Z. Analysis and contamination levels of ten phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in Chinese commercial bubble tea: a comparison with commercial milk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:103153-103163. [PMID: 37682440 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid ester (PAE) contamination in popular drink bubble tea has been hardly studied in the world. In this work, a liquid-liquid extraction following solid phase extraction (LLE-SPE)-UPLC-MS/MS method was first established for trace determination of ten PAEs in bubble tea. The developed method was validated with respect to linearity (R2 > 0.992), low limit of detections (LODs, 0.49-3.16 µg/L), and satisfactory recoveries (61.8-127.6%) with a low relative standard derivations (RSDs, 1.1-16.4%), which was also validated for commercial milk. Six out of ten PAEs, i.e., diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dihexyl phthalate (DHP), and diphenyl phthalate (DPP) were detected in Chinese bubble tea with concentrations ranging from not detection (ND) to 53.43 µg/L, while DEHP, DBP, DIBP, DEP, and dimethyl phthalate (DMP) were detected in commercial milk with concentrations ranging from ND to 110.58 µg/L. The respective average concentrations of DEHP in Chinese bubble tea and commercial milk were 19.40 and 23.46 µg/L, which were over two times that in drinking water quality standards of several countries including Israel, Korea, Oman, and Singapore (i.e., 8 µg/L). Calculated with human estimated daily intake (EDI), the average EDIs of five out of seven PAEs in bubble tea were higher than those in commercial milk. For example, the calculated EDI of DIBP in bubble tea was 5 times that in commercial milk, while their respective corresponding EDIs of DBP and DEHP were over 2.4 and 1.6 times. Based on estrogen equivalence (EEQ) with the unit of ng E2/L, the average EEQs of the ten PAEs in Chinese bubble tea and commercial milk were 14.26 and 17.06 ng E2/L, which were 52.8 and 62.3 times the observed effect concentration that could cause egg mortality of zebrafish. It is evident that the potential estrogenic effect of PAEs in bubble tea and commercial milk cannot be negligible. Given the fact that PAE contamination in bubble tea has been hardly investigated, such study is urgently to be performed in a global view.
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Affiliation(s)
- De- Kang Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze-Hua Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
- Key Lab Pollution Control & Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Cluster, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yi-Ping Wan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
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6
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A CRITICAL REVIEW ON EXTRACTION AND ANALYTICAL METHODS OF PHTHALATES IN WATER AND BEVERAGES. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1675:463175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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A novel enrichment and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of 15 phthalate esters in milk powder samples. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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8
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Chen S, Fu J, Zhou S, Zhao P, Wu X, Tang S, Zhang Z. Rapid recognition of di-n-butyl phthalate in food samples with a near infrared fluorescence imprinted sensor based on zeolite imidazolate framework-67. Food Chem 2021; 367:130505. [PMID: 34343813 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) as a plasticizer is widely used in food and chemical industries. It is harm to human health when it appeared in food and water. A novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence molecularly imprinted sensor based on CdTe quantum dots and zeolite imidazolate framework-67 was developed with a sol-gel polymerization method for rapid and sensitive determination of DBP in foodstuff rapidly (only in 1.5 min). The fluorescence imprinted sensor provided a rapid detection method for DBP in the linear response concentration range of 0.05-18.0 μM with a low detection limit of 1.6 nM. Compared with previous fluorescence imprinted sensor, it behaved faster response speed and lower detection limit for determination of DBP. The fluorescence imprinted sensor was used to detect DBP in real samples successfully with satisfied recoveries of 97.2-106.4%, suggesting a potential application in food analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Jinli Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Shu Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Sisi Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Hunan 416000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mineral Cleaner Production and Exploit of Green Functional Materials in Hunan Province, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
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9
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Phthalic acid esters and adipates in herbal-based soft drinks: an eco-friendly method. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2903-2912. [PMID: 33709193 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03219-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) and adipates are plasticizers with high applicability in several products and building materials (e.g. cosmetics, packing) very persistent in the environment, features which render them ubiquitous pollutants. These substances can contaminate food through the environment (water, air, and soil) and/or migration from packaging materials, which creates a health concern due to their toxicity. This paper describes an eco-friendly dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) procedure to extract five phthalates and bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) from bottled herbal-based beverages followed by GC-MS/MS quantification. The method showed low limits of detection (5.0-13 μg L-1) and quantification (20-35 μg L-1), good inter- and intraday precision (RSD < 19%), and recoveries ranging from 82 to 111%. It was applied to 16 real samples, of which 13 showed the presence of at least one of the analytes under study. Additionally, an exposure assessment was performed, and resulted in a hazard quotient less than 1 (HQ < 1) for all analytes. Therefore, PAEs and DEHA found in samples do not pose a health issue.
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10
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A comprehensive review on application of the syringe in liquid- and solid-phase microextraction methods. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-02025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Determination of phthalates in bottled milk by a modified nano adsorbent: Presence, effects of fat and storage time, and implications for human health. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Herrero L, Quintanilla-López JE, Fernández MA, Gómara B. Plasticisers and preservatives in commercial milk products: A comprehensive study on packages used in the Spanish market. Food Chem 2020; 338:128031. [PMID: 32950007 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive study on packaging used in commercially available milk products from Spanish markets has been presented. Concentrations of four phthalates, seven parabens and BPA were determined in forty-two milk products. Eleven brands and five types of packaging (metallic aluminium bag, carton, high-density polyethylene, metal pail and polyethylene terephthalate) were included in the study. BPA showed the lowest concentrations (8.3 pg/g f.w.), far below those of phthalates (6431 pg/g f.w.) and parabens (6234 pg/g f.w.). Metallic aluminium bags were the least migrating packaging (considering plasticisers and monomers) followed by HDPE bottles, in the case of phthalates. Parabens showed their highest concentrations for fresh-milk samples. Levels found were far below the specific migration limits established by the EU and the cumulative hazard index was lower than 1, indicating that adverse health effects were not expected. In general, the results found in Spanish samples were lower than those reported in other countries.
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Key Words
- Benzyl paraben, BzP (PubChem CID: 7180)
- Bisphenol A
- Bisphenol A, BPA (PubChem CID: 6623)
- Butyl benzyl phthalate, BBP (PubChem CID: 2347)
- Dibutyl phthalate, DBP (PubChem CID: 3026)
- Diethyl phthalate, DEP (PubChem CID: 6781)
- Dimethyl phthalate, DMP (PubChem CID: 8554)
- Endocrine-disrupting compounds
- Ethyl paraben, EP (PubChem CID: 8434)
- Isobutyl paraben, iPB (PubChem CID: 20240)
- Isopropyl paraben, iPP (PubChem CID: 20161)
- Liquid chromatography
- Methyl paraben, MP (PubChem CID: 7456)
- Milk
- Packaging
- Parabens
- Phthalates
- Tandem mass spectrometry
- n-Butyl paraben, nBP (PubChem CID: 7184)
- n-Propyl paraben, nPP (PubChem CID: 7175)
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Herrero
- Institute of General Organic Chemistry (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mario A Fernández
- Institute of General Organic Chemistry (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Gómara
- Institute of General Organic Chemistry (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Mogaddam MRA, Mohebbi A, Farajzadeh MA, Nemati M. Endocrine-disrupting compounds surveying in polyethylene packed injection solutions using microwave-accelerated air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of deep eutectic solvent. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2020.1788594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohebbi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mir Ali Farajzadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Engineering Faculty, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Mahboob Nemati
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Mirzajani R, Kardani F, Ramezani Z. Fabrication of UMCM-1 based monolithic and hollow fiber - Metal-organic framework deep eutectic solvents/molecularly imprinted polymers and their use in solid phase microextraction of phthalate esters in yogurt, water and edible oil by GC-FID. Food Chem 2020; 314:126179. [PMID: 31968292 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, hollow fiber and monolithic fiber were fabricated based on metal-organic framework deep eutectic solvents/molecularly imprinted polymers (MOF- DES/MIPs) and were used for microextraction of phthalate esters under termed hollow fiber liquid membrane-protected solid-phase microextraction (HFLMP-SPME) followed by gas chromatography- flame ionization detection. Several parameters influencing extraction recoveries of phthalate esters including adsorption and desorption parameters were investigated and optimized using fabricated MOF- DES/MIPs monolithic fiber. Under optimal conditions, detection limits (S/N = 3) of the method were in a range of 0.008-0.03 µg L-1 and limits of quantification (S/N = 10) were between 0.028 and 0.12 µg L-1. RSD (%) for intra-day and inter-day precisions were between 2.4-4.7% and 2.6-3.4%, respectively. Subsequently, this procedure was successfully applied with satisfactory results in the determination of phthalate esters in yogurt, water, and soybean oil samples. The R (%) ranged from 95.5 to 100.0% in different samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Mirzajani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Kardani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Ramezani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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15
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Fluorescence polarization immunoassay based on a new monoclonal antibody for the detection of the Diisobutyl phthalate in Yoghurt. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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16
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Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Four Isomers of Hexachlorocyclohexane and Six Pyrethroid Pesticides in Milk by Gas Chromatography Electron Capture Detector. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Gao Y, Wang B, Yan Y. Self‐Assembling Bifunctional Hydrophilic Magnetic Nanomaterials for Highly Efficient Enrichment of Parabens in Beverages Sample. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Gao
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of Mass SpectrometryNingbo University, Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 P. R. China
| | - Baichun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of Mass SpectrometryNingbo University, Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 P. R. China
| | - Yinghua Yan
- School of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringInstitute of Mass SpectrometryNingbo University, Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 P. R. China
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18
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Yurdakok-Dikmen B, Stelletta C, Tekin K, Kuzukiran O, Daskin A, Filazi A. Effects of phthalates on bovine primary testicular culture and spermatozoa. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:935-947. [PMID: 31451997 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Among environmental endocrine-active chemicals, phthalates, commonly known as plasticizers, disrupt the development of the male reproductive tract. In this study, the effects of phthalates (DIBP, BBP, DINP, DBP, DEP, DEHP and DMP) were evaluated on cultures of bovine primary male reproductive cells (n = 3) and spermatozoa (n = 4). Epididymal (caput and corpus epididymis), testicular (parenchymal and mediastinal/tubular) and vas deferens cells (VDC) were prepared from samples collected from slaughterhouse. Second part of caput epididymis which have fewer amount of principal cells, were found to be less affected compared to the first part except DEHP; while corpus epididymis was found to be more affected with IC50 values below 0.976 ng/mL (except for DEP at 4.97 ng/mL). In testicular parenchymal cells, IC50 ranged from 0.15 to 4.11 ng/mL and for mediastinum from 0.01 to 7.31 ng/mL; where cytotoxic effects were more evident in mediastinal section. Least cytotoxic and even proliferational effects (DEHP, DMP and DEP) were observed in VDC, the muscular tube carrying sperm from epididymis to the ejaculatory duct. Least spermiotoxic phthalate was DBP (3.928 ng/mL); while DINP (0.550 ng/mL) induced highest cytotoxic effect on bovine spermatozoa. Differences in the cellular structure and/or the androgen receptor distribution effect the toxicity of phthalates. Our preliminary findings on bovine spermatozoa indicate possible morphological and motility alterations; which challenges further investigation of the transition of phthalates on semen straws used in cryopreservation. Increase of exposure to environmental contaminants raise the issue of the requirement of a new perspective on reproductive health, species and tissue specific differences should further be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Yurdakok-Dikmen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Sehit Omer Halis Demir Street, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Calogero Stelletta
- Clinics in Reproduction, Animal Andrology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Koray Tekin
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kuzukiran
- Veterinary Department, Eldivan Vocational School of Health Services, Cankiri Karatekin University, 18100, Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Ali Daskin
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Filazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Sehit Omer Halis Demir Street, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey.
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Wu J, Li J, Chen Y, Bao X, Tang H, Ma S, Zhou S, Xu M, Tao J, Wang W, Wang X. Preconcentration/Extraction of Phthalate Esters in Milk Samples Using MFe2O4-Based Magnetic Ionic Liquid Effervescent Tablets Consisting of Accessory Functional Fillers. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01535-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Tang Z, Han Q, Xie L, Chu L, Wang Y, Sun Y, Kang X. Simultaneous determination of five phthalate esters and bisphenol A in milk by packed-nanofiber solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:851-861. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zigang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering (Ministry of Education); School of Public Health; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Qing Han
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education); School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Li Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering (Ministry of Education); School of Public Health; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Lanling Chu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering (Ministry of Education); School of Public Health; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education); School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education); School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xuejun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Ministry of Education); School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering; Southeast University; Nanjing P. R. China
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Rezazadeh T, Dalali N, Sehati N. Investigation of adsorption performance of graphene oxide/polyaniline reinforced hollow fiber membrane for preconcentration of Ivermectin in some environmental samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 204:409-415. [PMID: 29966893 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the application of Graphene oxide-polyaniline (GO/PANI) in one of newly hollow fiber based microextraction techniques so called (HF-S/LPME) was investigated successfully. Graphene oxide-polyaniline (GO/PANI) nanocomposite was generated via an amidation reaction in the presence of N, N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and GO as starting material. The solid sorbent dispersed in dihexyl ether was immersed and injected into the lumen of hollow fiber. The results indicated that GO/PANI had a higher adsorption efficiency for the Ivermectin in comparison with GO and GO-ethylen diamine (GO/EDA). A Taguchi experimental design with an OAD16 (45) matrix was employed to optimize the affecting parameters such as pH, stirring rate, extraction time, salt addition and the volume of donor phase. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed a good linear dynamic range (0.1-5000.0 ppb) with a lower limit of detection (0.03 ppb) and excellent preconcentration factor (PF = 219.88) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Rezazadeh
- Phase Separation & FIA Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Naser Dalali
- Phase Separation & FIA Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Negar Sehati
- Phase Separation & FIA Lab., Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
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Qian LL, Li RX, Gao HT, Wang CM, Li L, Xu Q, Li J. Determination of Five Sex Hormones in Urine Samples for Early Evaluation of Male Reproductive Toxicity Induced by Phthalate Esters in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:10588-10597. [PMID: 30207723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, male rats were exposed to multiple phthalate esters (MIXPs) in a long-term low-dose model for the early evaluation of reproductive toxicity. An ananlysis method with better sensitivity, accuracy and precision was established to determine the five sex hormones (androstenedione, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estrone) in collected urine samples. The results showed that all the analytes in the MIXPs treated group changed in a time-dependent manner. Specifically, estrone significantly decreased from the 30th day and the other four changed from the 30th day and then significantly increased on the 60th day, while no obvious changes were found in the control group. Therefore, a possible way was provided for the early evaluation of male reproductive toxicity induced by Phthalate esters (PEs) . The reliability of judgment was improved by observing the changes of five target hormones simultaneously. Furthermore, good compliance was predicted for the practical application due to the noninvasive and convenient urine sample collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Liang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health , Southeast University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Rui-Xian Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health , Southeast University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Hai-Tao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health , Southeast University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Chun-Min Wang
- Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control , Suzhou 215004 , China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection, School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 211166 , China
| | - Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health , Southeast University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jian Li
- Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control , Suzhou 215004 , China
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Quigley A, Walsh SW, Hayes E, Connolly D, Cummins W. Effect of seaweed supplementation on tocopherol concentrations in bovine milk using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1092:152-157. [PMID: 29902754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method, combined with HPLC-UV detection, was developed for the extraction and preconcentration of δ-tocopherol from bovine milk. This method was used to study the effect of supplementing cow feed with the seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum on vitamin content in milk. The optimal experimental conditions were determined: 200 μL of chloroform (extraction solvent), 1.0 mL of ethanol (dispersive solvent), 5 mL of water (aqueous phase). Under these optimal conditions the DLLME method provided linearity in the range 0.01 μg/mL to 8 μg/mL with R2 values of 0.998. Limit of detection (LOD) was 0.01 μg/mL, while the enrichment factor was 89. Cow feed that was supplemented with Ascophyllum nodosum was shown to increase δ-tocopherol levels from 3.82 μg/mL to 5.96 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Quigley
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Department of Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland.
| | - Siobhán W Walsh
- Eco-Innovation Research Centre, Department of Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Eva Hayes
- Eco-Innovation Research Centre, Department of Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Damian Connolly
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Department of Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Wayne Cummins
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), Department of Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
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Ajdari B, Nassiri M, Zahedi MM, Ziyaadini M. Determination of phthalate esters in seawater of Chabahar Bay using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with GC-FID. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:1782-1790. [PMID: 29676735 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PEs), a group of environmental pollutants which are possibly carcinogenic to humans, have been detected in seawater. Seven PEs in seawater were quantitatively determined by using gas-chromatography flame ionizing detection after executing dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. The suggested method is optimized for microextraction and determination of PEs in artificial sea water. Factors affecting the microextraction procedure such as the type and volume of extracting and dispersive solvents (carbon tetrachloride, 20 μL; methanol, 0.5 mL), extraction time and pH (7) were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the limit of detection of the analytes were obtained between 0.04 and 4.52 μg·L-1, and linearity and linear range were of 0.999 ≥ R2 ≥ 0.994 and 10-560 μg·L-1 respectively. Enrichment factors were found in the range of 761-827 fold, while the relative standard deviations of the analytes were between 0.17 and 7.5% (n = 6) for real sea water samples. Using this method, total PEs content of seawater from several locations in Chabahar Bay (the southeast part of Iran) was estimated 2.33-90.45 μg·L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beheshteh Ajdari
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran E-mail:
| | - Mahmoud Nassiri
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran E-mail:
| | - Mir Mahdi Zahedi
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran E-mail:
| | - Morteza Ziyaadini
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, P. O. Box: 99717-56499, Chabahar, Iran E-mail:
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Ebrahim K, Poursafa P, Amin MM. Development of a simple and valid method for the trace determination of phthalate esters in human plasma using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4403-4410. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Ebrahim
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering; School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
- Environment Research Center; Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Parinaz Poursafa
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering; School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
- Environment Research Center; Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amin
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering; School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
- Environment Research Center; Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease; Isfahan University of Medical Sciences; Isfahan Iran
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27
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Razavi N, Sarafraz Yazdi A. New application of chitosan-grafted polyaniline in dispersive solid-phase extraction for the separation and determination of phthalate esters in milk using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:1739-1746. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nourolhoda Razavi
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
| | - Ali Sarafraz Yazdi
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
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28
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Li M, Jiao C, Yang X, Wang C, Wu Q, Wang Z. Magnetic N-doped mesoporous carbon as an adsorbent for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of phthalate esters from soft drinks. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:1637-1643. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Menghua Li
- College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding; Hebei China
| | - Caina Jiao
- College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding; Hebei China
| | - Xiumin Yang
- College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding; Hebei China
| | - Chun Wang
- College of Science; Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding; Hebei China
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29
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Gao HT, Xu R, Cao WX, Qian LL, Wang M, Lu L, Xu Q, Yu SQ. Effects of six priority controlled phthalate esters with long-term low-dose integrated exposure on male reproductive toxicity in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 101:94-104. [PMID: 28089693 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Human beings are inevitably exposed to ubiquitous phthalate esters (PEs) surroundings. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of long-term low-dose exposure to the mixture of six priority controlled phthalate esters (MIXPs): dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di(n-butyl) phthalate (DBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), di(2-ethyhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), on male rat reproductive system and further to explore the underlying mechanisms of the reproductive toxicity. The male rats were orally exposed to either sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as controls or MIXPs at three different low-doses by gavage for 15 weeks. Testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum were analyzed, and pathological examinations were performed for toxicity evaluation. Steroidogenic proteins (StAR, P450scc, CYP17A1 and 17β-HSD), cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins (p53, Chk1, Cdc2, CDK6, Bcl-2 and Bax) were measured for mechanisms exploration. MIXPs with long-term low-dose exposure could cause male reproductive toxicity to the rats, including the decrease of both serum and testicular testosterone, and the constructional damage of testis. These effects were related to down-regulated steroidogenic proteins, arresting cell cycle progression and promoting apoptosis in rat testicular cells. The results indicate that MIXPs with long-term low-dose exposure may pose male reproductive toxicity in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Run Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei-Xin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Liang-Liang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Wang
- Zibo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zibo 255026, China
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA
| | - Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA.
| | - Shu-Qin Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Supramolecular Medicinal Material and Applications, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China.
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Amiri A, Chahkandi M, Targhoo A. Synthesis of nano-hydroxyapatite sorbent for microextraction in packed syringe of phthalate esters in water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 950:64-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Sajid M, Basheer C, Mansha M. Membrane protected micro-solid-phase extraction of organochlorine pesticides in milk samples using zinc oxide incorporated carbon foam as sorbent. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1475:110-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gao HT, Xu R, Cao WX, Zhou X, Yan YHM, Lu L, Xu Q, Shen Y. Food Emulsifier Glycerin Monostearate Increases Internal Exposure Levels of Six Priority Controlled Phthalate Esters and Exacerbates Their Male Reproductive Toxicities in Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161253. [PMID: 27575856 PMCID: PMC5004918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human beings are inevitably exposed to ubiquitous phthalate esters (PAEs). Processed, packaged foods are popular nowadays, in which emulsifiers are frequently added as food additives. It is unclear how emulsifiers affect the bioavailability of ingested PAEs contaminants and their toxicities. The purposes of our study were to explore whether food emulsifier Glycerin Monostearate (GMS) could increase the internal exposure levels of six priority controlled PAEs and affect their reproductive toxicities when male rats are exposed to PAEs mixture (MIXPs). The male rats were exposed to MIXPs by gavage for thirty days in combination with or without given GMS. Phthalate monoesters (MPAEs), primary metabolites of PAEs, in rat urine were used as biomarkers to predict the internal exposure levels of the six PAEs, and their concentrations were determined using UPLC-MS. The reproductive toxicity was evaluated using serum testosterone levels test and histopathology of testes. Results showed that compared to PAEs exposure alone, the internal exposure levels of PAEs increased by 30%-49% in the presence of GMS. PAEs exposure led to the reduction of testosterone level by 23.4%-42.1% in the presence and absence of GMS, respectively, compared to the baseline. Testosterone levels in MIXPs+GMS and DEHP+GMS group were decreased by 9.1% and 13.6%, respectively, compared with MIXPs and DEHP group. Histopathology showed that injuries of testis (deciduous spermatids) were observed, and GMS exacerbated the injuries. The results indicated food emulsifiers chronically taken up might increase safety risks of food PAEs contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Run Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wei-Xin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ye-Hui-Mei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520–8034, United States of America
| | - Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Environment and Biosafety, Southeast University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Yale University, 60 College Street, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520–8034, United States of America
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhong Da Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Sajid M, Basheer C, Alsharaa A, Narasimhan K, Buhmeida A, Al Qahtani M, Al-Ahwal MS. Development of natural sorbent based micro-solid-phase extraction for determination of phthalate esters in milk samples. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 924:35-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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34
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Liu D, Min S, Ping H, Song X. The application of directly suspended droplet microextraction for the evaluation of phthalic acid esters in cow’s milk by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1443:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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35
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Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction in the Analysis of Milk and Dairy Products: A Review. J CHEM-NY 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/4040165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) is an extraction technique developed within the last decade, which involves the dispersion of fine droplets of extraction solvent in an aqueous sample. Partitioning of analytes into the extraction phase is instantaneous due to the very high collective surface area of the droplets. This leads to very high enrichment factors and very low solvent consumption, relative to other liquid or solid phase extraction methods. A comprehensive review of the various modes of DLLME in the analysis of organic and inorganic analytes in dairy products (milk, cheese, infant formula, yogurt, and breast milk) is presented here. Dairy products present a complex sample matrix and the removal of interfering matrix components can prove troublesome. This review focuses on sample pretreatment prior to the appropriate DLLME procedure, the extraction and dispersive solvents chosen, derivatisation methods, and analytical figures of merit. Where possible, a critical comparison of DLLME methods has been undertaken. The overall suitability, and limitations, of DLLME as a sample preparation technique for dairy products has been assessed.
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36
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Farajzadeh MA, Afshar Mogaddam MR, Shahbaazi HR. Ion-Pair-Based Air-Assisted Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Extraction and Preconcentration of Phthalic Acids from Aqueous Samples. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0279-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Determination of Some Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants and Bisphenol A in Honey Using Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Followed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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Farajzadeh MA, Khoshmaram L. Development of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction technique using ternary solvents mixture followed by heating for the rapid and sensitive analysis of phthalate esters and di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1379:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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39
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Yang X, Yu R, Zhang S, Cao B, Liu Z, Lei L, Li N, Wang Z, Zhang L, Zhang H, Chen Y. Aqueous two-phase extraction for determination of triazine herbicides in milk by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 972:111-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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40
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Sehati N, Dalali N, Soltanpour S, Seyed Dorraji MS. Extraction and preconcentration of tylosin from milk samples through functionalized TiO2nanoparticles reinforced with a hollow fiber membrane as a novel solid/liquid-phase microextraction technique. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2025-31. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Negar Sehati
- Phase Separation & FIA Lab; Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan; Zanjan Iran
| | - Nasser Dalali
- Phase Separation & FIA Lab; Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan; Zanjan Iran
| | - Shahla Soltanpour
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Zanjan University of Medical Sciences; Zanjan Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Seyed Dorraji
- Phase Separation & FIA Lab; Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan; Zanjan Iran
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41
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Development of a new microextraction method based on elevated temperature dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for determination of triazole pesticides residues in honey by gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorus detection. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1347:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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42
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Li P, Mei Z, Cai W, Shao X. Rapid analysis of phthalic acid esters in environmental water using fast elution gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and adaptive library spectra. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1585-90. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pao Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Zhen Mei
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Wensheng Cai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
| | - Xueguang Shao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry; Nankai University; Tianjin China
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43
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Wang C, Li M, Xu H, Wei Y. Preparation of an internal surface reversed-phase restricted-access material for the analysis of hydrophobic molecules in biological matrices. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1343:195-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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44
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Zhou J, Qi Y, Wu H, Diao Q, Tian F, Li Y. Simultaneous determination of trace migration of phthalate esters in honey and royal jelly by GC-MS. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:650-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Zhou
- Bee Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing P.R. China
- Bee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture; Beijing P.R. China
- Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Bee Products, Ministry of Agriculture; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Yitao Qi
- Texas Heart Institute; St Luke's Episcopal Hospital; Houston TX USA
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - Qingyun Diao
- Bee Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Feifei Tian
- Analytical Instruments Department Limited, Beijing Office; Shimadzu International Trading Co., Ltd.; P.R. China
| | - Yi Li
- Bee Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing P.R. China
- Bee Product Quality Supervision and Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture; Beijing P.R. China
- Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Bee Products, Ministry of Agriculture; Beijing P.R. China
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45
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Ho YM, Tsoi YK, Leung KSY. Ionic-liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for high-throughput multiple food contaminant screening. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3791-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Man Ho
- Department of Chemistry; Hong Kong Baptist University; Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Yeuk-Ki Tsoi
- Department of Chemistry; Hong Kong Baptist University; Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Kelvin Sze-Yin Leung
- Department of Chemistry; Hong Kong Baptist University; Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Hong Kong P. R. China
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46
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Viñas P, Campillo N, López-García I, Hernández-Córdoba M. Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction in food analysis. A critical review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:2067-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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47
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Campone L, Piccinelli AL, Celano R, Russo M, Rastrelli L. Rapid analysis of aflatoxin M1 in milk using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:8645-52. [PMID: 23942569 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A simple, rapid, and sensitive method based on simultaneous protein precipitation and extraction of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analysis was developed for the determination of AFM1 in milk samples. In order to precipitate the proteins and extract AFM1 from milk, a sample pretreatment using acetonitrile and NaCl as the extraction/denaturant solvent and salting-out agent, respectively, was optimised. Subsequently, the acetonitrile (upper) phase, containing AFM1, was used as the disperser solvent in DLLME, and extractant (chloroform) and water were added in turn to the extract to perform the DLLME process. The main parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the whole analytical procedure, such as acetonitrile volume, amount of salt, type and volume of extractant and water volume, were carefully optimised by experimental design. Under optimum conditions, the developed method provides an enrichment factor of 33 and detection and quantification limits (0.6 and 2.0 ng kg(-1), respectively) below the maximum levels imposed by current regulations for AFM1 in milk and infant milk formulae. Recoveries (61.3-75.3%) and repeatability (RSD < 10, n = 3), tested in different types of milk at four AFM1 levels, met the performance criteria required by EC Regulation No. 401/2006. Moreover, the matrix effect on the signal intensity of the analyte was negligible. The proposed method provides a rapid extraction and an accurate determination of AFM1 in milk and formula milk using a simple and inexpensive sample preparation procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Campone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano (SA), Italy
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48
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Farajzadeh MA, Mogaddam MRA, Aghdam AA. Comparison of air-agitated liquid–liquid microextraction technique and conventional dispersive liquid–liquid micro-extraction for determination of triazole pesticides in aqueous samples by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1300:70-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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49
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Yan H, Wang H. Recent development and applications of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1295:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Alshana U, Göğer NG, Ertaş N. Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with field-amplified sample stacking in capillary electrophoresis for the determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in milk and dairy products. Food Chem 2013; 138:890-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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