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Jing R, Xu J, Liu J, He X, Zhao Z. YOLOv7-Branch: A Jujube Leaf Branch Detection Model for Agricultural Robot. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4856. [PMID: 39123902 PMCID: PMC11314980 DOI: 10.3390/s24154856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The intelligent harvesting technology for jujube leaf branches presents a novel avenue for enhancing both the quantity and quality of jujube leaf tea, whereas the precise detection technology for jujube leaf branches emerges as a pivotal factor constraining its development. The precise identification and localization of jujube leaf branches using real-time object detection technology are crucial steps toward achieving intelligent harvesting. When integrated into real-world scenarios, issues such as the background noise introduced by tags, occlusions, and variations in jujube leaf morphology constrain the accuracy of detection and the precision of localization. To address these issues, we describe a jujube leaf branch object detection network based on YOLOv7. First, the Polarized Self-Attention module is embedded into the convolutional layer, and the Gather-Excite module is embedded into the concat layer to incorporate spatial information, thus achieving the suppression of irrelevant information such as background noise. Second, we incorporate implicit knowledge into the Efficient Decoupled Head and replace the original detection head, enhancing the network's capability to extract deep features. Third, to address the issue of imbalanced jujube leaf samples, we employ Focal-EIoU as the bounding box loss function to expedite the regression prediction and enhance the localization accuracy of the model's bounding boxes. Experiments show that the precision of our model is 85%, which is increased by 3.5% compared to that of YOLOv7-tiny. The mAP@0.5 value is 83.7%. Our model's recognition rate, recall and mean average precision are superior to those of other models. Our method could provide technical support for yield estimation in the intelligent management of jujube orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Jing
- School of Software, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030800, China; (R.J.)
| | - Jijiang Xu
- China Nuclear Industry Huaxing Construction Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jingkai Liu
- School of Software, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030800, China; (R.J.)
| | - Xiongwei He
- School of Software, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030800, China; (R.J.)
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- School of Software, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030800, China; (R.J.)
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Ruan W, Liu J, Zhang S, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Sour Jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa): A Bibliometric Review of Its Bioactive Profile, Health Benefits and Trends in Food and Medicine Applications. Foods 2024; 13:636. [PMID: 38472749 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on the comprehensive utilization of sour jujube and its beneficial properties to human health has attracted extensive attention. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the bioactive profile of sour jujube and future trends in applications. The research advancements within this field from 2000 to 2023 were addressed using the Web of Science database and VOSviewer. Among the 322 results, the most frequent keywords of bioactivity are flavonoids, antioxidants, saponins, insomnia, polyphenols, terpenoids and anti-inflammatory; the most studied parts of sour jujube are seeds, fruits and leaves; the published articles with high citations mainly focus on identification, biological effects and different parts distribution of bioactive compounds. The bioactivity of various parts of sour jujube was reviewed considering their application potential. The seeds, rich in flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids, exhibit strong effects on central nervous system diseases and have been well-developed in pharmacology, healthcare products and functional foods. The pulp has antioxidant properties and is used to develop added-value foods (e.g., juice, vinegar, wine). The leaves can be used to make tea and flowers are good sources of honey; their extracts are rich sources of flavonoids and saponins, which show promising medicinal effects. The branches, roots and bark have healing properties in traditional folk medicine. Overall, this study provides a reference for future applications of sour jujube in food and medicine fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ruan
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Junli Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 598 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - Shixiong Zhang
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- College of Food and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, 26 Yuxiang Street, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
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3
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Liu H, Wang L, Xu M, Deng B, Liu H, Zhao X. Phytochemical analysis of Ziziphus jujube leaf at different foliar ages based on widely targeted metabolomics. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Based on metabolomics, the metabolites of Jujube leaves LS1 (one bud and two leaves), LS2 (one bud and three leaves), and LS3 (one bud and four leaves) were taken and examined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique. There were 22 substance categories that were identified. Principal component analysis was also utilized to distinguish the metabolomics at the three different foliar ages, and the results suggested that the samples at different foliar ages were clearly separated, demonstrating that the metabolites in the three foliar ages were significantly different. Through the screening of differential metabolites and hierarchical clustering analysis, our results suggested that the composition and the content distribution of the differential metabolites at three different foliar ages were significantly different. In the LS1, delphinidin, N-hydroxy tryptamine, serotonin, methylquercetin O-hexoside, tricin 7-O-hexoside, and eriodictyol C-hexoside were identified as the distinctive compounds. In the LS2, N-caffeoyl agmatine, lysoPC 18:3 (2n isomer), N-(4′-O-glycosyl)-p-coumaroyl-agmatine, dihydromyricetin, and hydroxy-methoxycinnamate were identified as the distinctive compounds. Similarly, the 3-O-p-coumaroyl-quinic acid, O-feruloyl 4-hydroxylcoumarin, isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside, cyanidin 3-O-galactoside, quercetin O-acetylhexoside, and DIMBOA glucoside were identified as the distinctive compounds in LS3. These characteristic compounds could provide a strong theoretical basis for rapid identification of jujube leaves at different foliar ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Liu
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University , Henan Luoyang , 471934 , China
| | - Lefei Wang
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University , Henan Luoyang , 471934 , China
| | - Mingyue Xu
- School of Physics and Electronics, International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, Henan University , Kaifeng , Henan 475004 , China
| | - Benliang Deng
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University , Henan Luoyang , 471934 , China
| | - Hui Liu
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University , Henan Luoyang , 471934 , China
| | - Xusheng Zhao
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University , Henan Luoyang , 471934 , China
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Hua Y, Xu XX, Guo S, Xie H, Yan H, Ma XF, Niu Y, Duan JA. Wild Jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba var. spinosa): A Review of Its Phytonutrients, Health Benefits, Metabolism, and Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:7871-7886. [PMID: 35731918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wild jujube, Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou, as a food and health supplement worldwide, has rich nutritional value. It contains nutrients such as nucleosides, amino acids, polysaccharides, and fatty oils. The fruits, seeds, and leaves of wild jujube can all be used for food, medicine, or health care purposes. Among these, the fruits play many roles, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory functions, and can be used as a natural nutritional supplement to prevent aging. Simultaneously, the mature seed of wild jujube exhibits beneficial effects on central nervous system diseases and is often used for the treatment of insomnia and as a functional food for improving sleep quality and enhancing learning and memory. This review presents an overview of research progress relevant to the phytonutrients, biological functions, metabolism of bioactive compounds, and applications of wild jujube and aims to provide a scientific reference for the development and utilization of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hua
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Xu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hong Xie
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hui Yan
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xin-Fei Ma
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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Ren W, Ma Y, Liu D, Liang P, Du J, Yang S, Tang L, Wu Y. Chemical composition analysis, antioxidant activity, and target cell‐based screening of the potential active components in jujube and its fermented product. J Food Sci 2022; 87:664-685. [PMID: 35067923 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China
- Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Yue Ma
- Pharmacy Department Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM Chengdu 611100 China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China
| | - Pan Liang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China
| | - Junfeng Du
- Reform and Technology Bureau of Jia County Jia County People's Government Yulin China
| | - Sijin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University Luzhou China
| | - Lina Tang
- Research Institute of Wood Industry Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing China
| | - Yongjiang Wu
- Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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Sun Y, Zhang Y, Qi W, Xie J, Cui X. Saponins extracted by ultrasound from Zizyphus jujuba Mil var. spinosa leaves exert resistance to oxidative damage in Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Metabolic and transcriptomic analyses reveal different metabolite biosynthesis profiles between leaf buds and mature leaves in Ziziphus jujuba mill. Food Chem 2021; 347:129005. [PMID: 33482487 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Jujube leaf is well known for its high nutritional value and medicinal benefits. However, a thorough and dynamic assessment of the metabolites present in jujube leaves is lacking. Here, the primary and secondary metabolites from purple leaf buds and green mature leaves were investigated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 778 metabolites were characterized and more than 700 compounds were reported for the first time. Analysis of differentially accumulated metabolites showed that the flavonoids were the major differential metabolites and determined the leaf coloration. The transcriptome data indicated that 20 flavonoid structural genes and three main types of flavonoid regulatory genes were significantly differentially expressed. Moreover, light had a significant influence on flavonoid accumulation. These results improve our understanding of metabolite accumulation and the molecular mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis in jujube leaf.
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Song L, Zheng J, Zhang L, Yan S, Huang W, He J, Liu P. Phytochemical Profiling and Fingerprint Analysis of Chinese Jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) Leaves of 66 Cultivars from Xinjiang Province. Molecules 2019; 24:E4528. [PMID: 31835666 PMCID: PMC6943635 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Foliage of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) as a byproduct of agriculture, is a traditional nutraceutical material in China. Previous studies have shown that it is a rich resource of polyphenols. However, information on its complete phenolic profile and the difference between cultivars is still limited. This study investigated and compared phytochemical profiles of leaves of 66 Chinese jujube cultivars. Forty-two compounds, including 22 flavonols, two flavanols, one flavanone, 13 derivatives of phenolic acids, three simple acids, and one unknown hexoside were identified/tentatively identified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Eight major flavonols were quantified by HPLC coupled with an ultraviolet (UV) detector. The contents of total flavonoids ranged from 2.6-25.1 mg/g dry weight (DW). Differences between cultivars were analyzed by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). This study presents a systematic study on the phenolic compounds in Chinese jujube leaves of different cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Song
- School of Food Science and Engineering & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China;
- College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China;
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China;
| | - Shijuan Yan
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China; (S.Y.); (W.H.)
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China; (S.Y.); (W.H.)
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Pengzhan Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China;
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9
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Amyot L, McDowell T, Martin SL, Renaud J, Gruber MY, Hannoufa A. Assessment of Antinutritional Compounds and Chemotaxonomic Relationships between Camelina sativa and Its Wild Relatives. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:796-806. [PMID: 30572704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We compared the secondary metabolite composition in seeds of Camelina sativa and its wild relatives to identify potential germplasm with reduced levels of antinutritional compounds. Twenty Camelina accessions, from five different species, were analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry and subjected to principal component analysis, which revealed that Camelina spp. separated into distinct chemotaxonomic groups. Three major glucosinolates (GSs) were identified in our study, namely, 9-methylsulfinylnonyl GS (GS9), 10-methylsulfinyldecyl GS (GS10), and 11-methylsulfinylundecyl GS (GS11). While there were differences in total GS levels, species-specific patterns for GS9 and GS11 were noted. Sinapine content ranged between 1.4 and 5.6 mg/g FW, with the lowest levels observed in C. laxa and C. sativa. Lignin levels were also lowest in C. sativa, with most accessions containing less than 6 mg/g FW. Our results show that wild Camelina spp. have distinct metabolomes, and based on their levels of major antinutritionals, some could be incorporated into breeding programs with C. sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Amyot
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 1391 Sandford Street , London , ON N5V 4T3 , Canada
| | - Tim McDowell
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 1391 Sandford Street , London , ON N5V 4T3 , Canada
| | - Sara L Martin
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 960 Carling Ave. , Ottawa , ON K1A 06C , Canada
| | - Justin Renaud
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 1391 Sandford Street , London , ON N5V 4T3 , Canada
| | - Margaret Y Gruber
- Saskatoon Research Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 107 Science Place , Saskatoon , SK S7N 0X2 , Canada
| | - Abdelali Hannoufa
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , 1391 Sandford Street , London , ON N5V 4T3 , Canada
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10
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Identification and Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids Extracted from Xinjiang Jujube ( Ziziphus jujube Mill.) Leaves with Ultra-High Pressure Extraction Technology. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010122. [PMID: 30598032 PMCID: PMC6337089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the ultra-high pressure extraction (UHPE) conditions for obtaining the maximum flavonoid yield from Xinjiang jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) leaves (XJL) were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied to evaluate the effects of four variables (extraction temperature, pressure, time and liquid-to-solid ratio) on flavonoid yield. The results showed that the optimal flavonoid yield (25.45 ± 0.21 mg/g) was derived at 50.0 °C, 342.39 MPa, 11.56 min, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 43.95 mL/g. Eight compounds were tentatively identified and quantified as kaempferol and quercetin glycosides with UPLC-ESI-MS. Compared to ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), UHPE can obtain higher concentrations of total flavonoids and stronger DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities in a much shorter time. Therefore, UHPE is an alternative to UAE for obtaining flavonoids from XJL, which may be an optional method for large-scale industrial flavonoid extraction from XJL.
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11
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Liu HX, Xu MQ, Li SP, Tian S, Guo MX, Qi JY, He CJ, Zhao XS. Jujube leaf green tea extracts inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cells by activating AMPK. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110566-110575. [PMID: 29299169 PMCID: PMC5746404 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we evaluated the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity by the Jujube leaf green tea extracts (JLGTE). We showed that JLGTE exerted anti-proliferative, cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activities against HepG2 and primary human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. It was however non-cytotoxic to the normal hepatocytes. JLGTE activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, which was required for its cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Silence of AMPKα1, via targeted short hairpin RNAs or CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, inhibited JLGTE-induced AMPK activation and HepG2 cell apoptosis. Further, in-activation of AMPK by a dominant negative AMPKα1 (T172A) also alleviated JLGTE's cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells. On the other hand, forced-activation of AMPK by introduction of a constitutively-active AMPKα1 (T172D) mimicked JLGTE's actions and led to HepG2 cell apoptosis. These results suggest that JLGTE inhibits human hepatocellular carcinoma cells possibly via activating AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Liu
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - M Q Xu
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - S P Li
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - S Tian
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - M X Guo
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - J Y Qi
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - C J He
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - X S Zhao
- Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
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12
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Mao R, Xia P, He Z, Liu Y, Liu F, Zhao H, Han R, Liang Z. Identification of seeds based on molecular markers and secondary metabolites in Senna obtusifolia and Senna occidentalis. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2017; 58:43. [PMID: 29098509 PMCID: PMC5668216 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-017-0196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senna obtusifolia and Senna occidentalis (Leguminosae), whose seeds have similar appearance and chemical constituents, are easily confused in using their seeds. To elucidate the similarities and differences between S. obtusifolia seeds and S. occidentalis seeds, three molecular markers and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were employed to evaluate the seeds characteristics of these two medicinal herbs. RESULTS The results showed that selected 3 ISSR and 7 SCoT primers could distinguish S. obtusifolia seeds from S. occidentalis seeds based on the specific band and UPGMA dendrogram. ITS2 sequence indicated that the intra-specific similarity of 20 S. obtusifolia and 16 S. occidentalis was 99.79 and 100.0%, respectively, while the inter-specific similarity between S . obtusifolia and S. occidentalis was 89.58%. Although phylogenetic analysis revealed that these two species had a close relationship, they were assigned to different branches. HPLC fingerprint results showed that seeds of S. obtusifolia and S. occidentalis shared some secondary metabolites, but aurantio-obtusin was not detected in S. occidentalis seeds which could differentiate S. obtusifolia seeds from S. occidentalis seeds. CONCLUSIONS The present study not only compared the seeds characters of S. obtusifolia and S. occidentalis from molecular and secondary metabolites levels, but also provided a convenient method to identify S. obtusifolia seeds and S. occidentalis seeds effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Mao
- State and Local Joint Research Center of TCM Fingerprint and NP Library, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Pengguo Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018 Zhejiang China
| | - Zhigui He
- State and Local Joint Research Center of TCM Fingerprint and NP Library, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Yan Liu
- Tianjin Tasly Modern TCM Resources Co. Ltd., Tianjin, 300400 China
| | - Fenghua Liu
- Shaanxi Tasly Plants Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shangluo, 726000 Shaanxi China
| | - Hongguang Zhao
- Shaanxi Tasly Plants Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Shangluo, 726000 Shaanxi China
| | - Ruilian Han
- State and Local Joint Research Center of TCM Fingerprint and NP Library, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- State and Local Joint Research Center of TCM Fingerprint and NP Library, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018 Zhejiang China
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13
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Zheng W, Wang F, Zhao Y, Sun X, Kang L, Fan Z, Qiao L, Yan R, Liu S, Ma B. Rapid Characterization of Constituents in Tribulus terrestris from Different Habitats by UHPLC/Q-TOF MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:2302-2318. [PMID: 28766114 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A strategy for rapid identification of the chemical constituents from crude extracts of Tribulus terrestris was proposed using an informatics platform for the UHPLC/Q-TOF MSE data analyses. This strategy mainly utilizes neutral losses, characteristic fragments, and in-house library to rapidly identify the structure of the compounds. With this strategy, rapid characterization of the chemical components of T. terrestris from Beijing, China was successfully achieved. A total of 82 steroidal saponins and nine flavonoids were identified or tentatively identified from T. terrestris. Among them, 15 new components were deduced based on retention times and characteristic MS fragmentation patterns. Furthermore, the chemical components of T. terrestris, including the other two samples from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, China, and Rome, Italy, were also identified with this strategy. Altogether, 141 chemical components were identified from these three samples, of which 39 components were identified or tentatively identified as new compounds, including 35 groups of isomers. It demonstrated that this strategy provided an efficient protocol for the rapid identification of chemical constituents in complex samples such as traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by UHPLC/Q-TOF MSE with informatics platform. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 88 Yuquan Road, Tianjin, 300193, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangxu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xinguang Sun
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Liping Kang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Ziquan Fan
- Waters Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201206, China
| | - Lirui Qiao
- Waters Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201206, China
| | - Renyi Yan
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Baiping Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China.
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14
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Dong S, He J, Hou H, Shuai Y, Wang Q, Yang W, Sun Z, Li Q, Bi K, Liu R. Quality assessment of Herba Leonuri based on the analysis of multiple components using normal- and reversed-phase chromatographic methods. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4482-4494. [PMID: 28960719 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel, improved, and comprehensive method for quality evaluation and discrimination of Herba Leonuri has been developed and validated based on normal- and reversed-phase chromatographic methods. To identify Herba Leonuri, normal- and reversed-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprints were obtained by comparing the colors and Rf values of the bands, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprints were obtained by using an Agilent Poroshell 120 SB-C18 within 28 min. By similarity analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis, we show that there are similar chromatographic patterns in Herba Leonuri samples, but significant differences in counterfeits and variants. To quantify the bio-active components of Herba Leonuri, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was performed to analyze syringate, leonurine, quercetin-3-O-robiniaglycoside, hyperoside, rutin, isoquercitrin, wogonin, and genkwanin simultaneously by single standard to determine multi-components method with rutin as internal standard. Meanwhile, normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was performed by using an Agilent ZORBAX HILIC Plus within 6 min to determine trigonelline and stachydrine using trigonelline as internal standard. Innovatively, among these compounds, bio-active components of quercetin-3-O-robiniaglycoside and trigonelline were first determined in Herba Leonuri. In general, the method integrating multi-chromatographic analyses offered an efficient way for the standardization and identification of Herba Leonuri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiao He
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huiping Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yaping Shuai
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenling Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medical Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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15
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Wang L, Tian X, Wei W, Chen G, Wu Z. Fingerprint analysis and quality consistency evaluation of flavonoid compounds for fermented Guava leaf by combining high-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and chemometric methods. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3906-3916. [PMID: 27570151 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Guava leaves are used in traditional herbal teas as antidiabetic therapies. Flavonoids are the main active of Guava leaves and have many physiological functions. However, the flavonoid compositions and activities of Guava leaves could change due to microbial fermentation. A high-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight electrospray ionization mass spectrometry method was applied to identify the varieties of the flavonoids in Guava leaves before and after fermentation. High-performance liquid chromatography, hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to quantitatively determine the changes in flavonoid compositions and evaluate the consistency and quality of Guava leaves. Monascus anka Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermented Guava leaves contained 2.32- and 4.06-fold more total flavonoids and quercetin, respectively, than natural Guava leaves. The flavonoid compounds of the natural Guava leaves had similarities ranging from 0.837 to 0.927. The flavonoid compounds from the Monascus anka S. cerevisiae fermented Guava leaves had similarities higher than 0.993. This indicated that the quality consistency of the fermented Guava leaves was better than that of the natural Guava leaves. High-performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting and chemometric analysis are promising methods for evaluating the degree of fermentation of Guava leaves based on quality consistency, which could be used in assessing flavonoid compounds for the production of fermented Guava leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Tian
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Wei
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gong Chen
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Jiangmen Nanyue Guava Farmer Cooperatives, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhenqiang Wu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
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16
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Li DW, Zhu M, Shao YD, Shen Z, Weng CC, Yan WD. Determination and quality evaluation of green tea extracts through qualitative and quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS). Food Chem 2016; 197 Pt B:1112-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.11.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Wu Y, Lv S, Wang C, Gao X, Li J, Meng Q. Comparative analysis of volatiles difference of Yunnan sun-dried Pu-erh green tea from different tea mountains: Jingmai and Wuliang mountain by chemical fingerprint similarity combined with principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Chem Cent J 2016; 10:11. [PMID: 26966460 PMCID: PMC4785618 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0159-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern instrumental analysis technology can provide various chemical data and information on tea samples. Unfortunately, it remains difficult to extract the useful information. We describe the use of chemical fingerprint similarities, combined with principal component and cluster analyses, to distinguish and recognize Pu-erh green teas, which from two tea mountains, Wuliang and Jingmai, in the Pu-erh district of Yunnan province. The volatile components of all 20 Pu-erh green teas (10 Wuliang and 10 Jingmai teas) were extracted and identified by headspace solid-phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS Sixty-three volatiles (including alcohols, hydrocarbons, ketones, and aldehydes) were identified in the 20 Pu-erh green teas, and differences in compound compositions between them were also observed. Through fingerprint similarity, combined with principal component and cluster analyses, the 20 Pu-erh green teas were differentiated successfully based on their volatile characteristics. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the GC-MS combined with chemical fingerprint and unsupervised pattern recognition method is suitable for the investigation of the volatile profiling and evaluating the quality and authenticity of teas related to the different origins.Graphical abstractDifferentiate Pu-erh green teas from different tea mountains by using chemical fingerprint similarity and multivariate statistical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanshuang Wu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China
| | - Shidong Lv
- Kunming Grain and Oil and Feed Product Quality Inspection Center, Kunming, 650118 Yunnan People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Gao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangbing Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxiong Meng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan People's Republic of China
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18
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Wang W, Lin P, Ma L, Xu K, Lin X. Separation and determination of flavonoids in three traditional chinese medicines by capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:1357-62. [PMID: 26829244 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are important active ingredients in many traditional Chinese medicines. In this paper, capillary electrophoresis with amperometric detection was employed to separate and detect eight flavonoids, rutin, quercetrin, quercetin, kaempferol, kaempferide, catechin, apigenin, and luteolin, in a home-made capillary electrophoresis device. Under the separation voltage of 2000 V, the eight flavonoids could be completely separated within 33 min in 18 mM borax running buffer at pH 10.2. Good linear relationships were obtained for all analytes and the detection limits for flavonoids ranged from 0.46 to 0.85 μM. Then, the method was applied to separate and determine the flavonoids in three traditional Chinese medicines, hippophae rhamnoides, hypericum perforatum, and cacumen platycladi. Finally, rutin, kaempferol, quercetin, and quercetrin were discovered in these medicines and the concentrations ranged from 0.28 to 9.94 mg/g. The recoveries of flavonoids ranged from 84.7 to 113%, which showed the high reliability of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lin
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Ma
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Kaixuan Xu
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Lin
- Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
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Verma AK, Dhawan SS, Singh S, Bharati KA, Jyotsana. Genetic and Chemical Profiling of Gymnema sylvestre Accessions from Central India: Its Implication for Quality Control and Therapeutic Potential of Plant. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S407-S413. [PMID: 27761067 PMCID: PMC5068116 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.191443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gymnema sylvestre, a vulnerable plant species, is mentioned in Indian Pharmacopeia as an antidiabetic drug. OBJECTIVE Study of genetic and chemical diversity and its implications in accessions of G. sylvestre. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen accessions of G. sylvestre collected from Central India and assessment of their genetic and chemical diversity were carried out using ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) and HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) fingerprinting methods. RESULTS Among the screened 40 ISSR primers, 15 were found polymorphic and collectively produced nine unique accession-specific bands. The maximum and minimum numbers of amplicones were noted for ISSR-15 and ISSR-11, respectively. The ISSR -11 and ISSR-13 revealed 100% polymorphism. HPLC chromatograms showed that accessions possess the secondary metabolites of mid-polarity with considerable variability. Unknown peaks with retention time 2.63, 3.41, 23.83, 24.50, and 44.67 were found universal type. Comparative hierarchical clustering analysis based on foresaid fingerprints indicates that both techniques have equal potential to discriminate accessions according to percentage gymnemic acid in their leaf tissue. Second approach was noted more efficiently for separation of accessions according to their agro-climatic/collection site. CONCLUSION Highly polymorphic ISSRs could be utilized as molecular probes for further selection of high gymnemic acid yielding accessions. Observed accession specific bands may be used as a descriptor for plant accessions protection and converted into sequence tagged sites markers. Identified five universal type peaks could be helpful in identification of G. sylvestre-based various herbal preparations. SUMMARY Nine accession specific unique bandsFive marker peaks for G. sylvestre.Suitability of genetic and chemical fingerprinting Abbreviations used: HPLC: High Performance Liquid Chromatography, ISSR: Inter Simple Sequence Repeats, CTAB: Cetyl Trimethylammonium Bromide, DNTP: Deoxynucleotide Triphosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Kumar Verma
- Central Botanical Laboratory, Botanical Survey of India, AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Sunita Singh Dhawan
- Plant Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Seema Singh
- Plant Genetics Unit, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumar Avinash Bharati
- Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, AJC Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Jyotsana
- Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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20
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Shen AZ, Li X, Hu W, Chen FH. Total flavonoids of Bidens bipinnata L. ameliorate experimental adjuvant-induced arthritis through induction of synovial apoptosis. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:437. [PMID: 26669668 PMCID: PMC4681046 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0962-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bidens bipinnata are widely distributed in China, which have been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of total flavonoids of Bidens pilosa L. (TFB) on adjuvant arthritis (AA) and its possible mechanisms. METHODS The macroscopic scoring of paw edema, secondary paw swelling, and polyarthritis index were measured. Histological examination of the joints and the serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha were examined. Apoptosis in synovial tissue was detected. The expression of Caspase 3 cleavage, serves as a marker undergoing apoptosis, was confirmed by Western blot. RESULTS TFB attenuated the severity of arthritis on paw edema, hind paw volume, and polyarthritis index of AA rats, improved the histological status in AA rats as well. TFB can inhibit the production of IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha from serum. Clear DNA ladder formation was observed in DNA extraction of synovium from TFB treated AA rats. The number of apoptosis was increased with TFB treatment in TUNEL assay. TFB treatment on AA rats significantly increased the expression of Caspase 3 in synovium. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that TFB has a significant anti-arthritic effect in AA through the induction of apoptosis in synovial.
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21
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Jo Y, Lim S, Chang PS, Choi YJ. The possible presence of natural β-D-glucosidase inhibitors in jujube leaf extract. Food Chem 2015; 194:212-7. [PMID: 26471546 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Isoquercitrin is a phenolic compound well-known for having greater health benefits than quercitin, its aglycone derivative, and other related glycosides. However, isoquercitrin is rarely found in nature. Here, we optimized the conditions for the enzymatic transformation of isoquercitrin from rutin that was extracted from jujube leaf using the hesperidinase, enzyme complex containing β-D-glucosidase and α-L-rhamnosidase. The maximum productivity (2.57±0.16mg/mL) was experimentally found under the following conditions: 47.3°C, 52.16h, and pH 5.31, which agreed well with the predicted value (2.65mg/mL). However, the achievement of this maximum yield was due to the absence of β-D-glucosidase activity. Further investigations using a β-D-glucosidase assay and reaction measurements under various conditions revealed that the β-D-glucosidase activity was not blocked by denaturation or known inhibitory factors. Currently, there are no recognized β-D-glucosidase inhibitors present in the jujube leaf; however, our observations strongly suggest that an unidentified β-D-glucosidase inhibitor exists in jujube leaf extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngje Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokwon Lim
- Department of Food Science & Technology, College of Life and Health Science, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 336-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Pahn-Shick Chang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea; Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea; Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Han B, Chen J, Zheng L, Zhou T, Li J, Wang X, Wang J. Development of an impurity-profiling method for source identification of spilled benzene series compounds by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry: Toluene as a case study. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:3198-3204. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration; Research Center for Marine Ecology; Qingdao P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education; Ocean University of China; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Junhui Chen
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration; Research Center for Marine Ecology; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Li Zheng
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration; Research Center for Marine Ecology; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhou
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration; Research Center for Marine Ecology; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Jingxi Li
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration; Research Center for Marine Ecology; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Xiaoru Wang
- First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration; Research Center for Marine Ecology; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education; Ocean University of China; Qingdao P. R. China
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23
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Zhang Y, Luo Z, Wang D. Efficient quantification of the phenolic profiles of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves and correlation between chromatographic fingerprint and antioxidant activity. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:2024-9. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1015018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Ziwen Luo
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
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24
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Zhang L, Liu H, Qin L, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Lu Z, Wei S, Gao X, Tu P. Global chemical profiling based quality evaluation approach of rhubarb using ultra performance liquid chromatography with tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:511-22. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
- Science Experiment Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Haiyu Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
- Science Experiment Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Lingling Qin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
- Science Experiment Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
- Science Experiment Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
- Science Experiment Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
- Science Experiment Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
- Science Experiment Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Shengli Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Science Experiment Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing P. R. China
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25
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Masoum S, Mehran M, Ghaheri S. Identification of potential antioxidant compounds in the essential oil of thyme by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and multivariate calibration techniques. J Sep Sci 2014; 38:410-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Masoum
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan; I. R. Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan; I. R. Iran
| | - Salehe Ghaheri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan; I. R. Iran
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26
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Wu X, He J, Xu H, Bi K, Li Q. Quality assessment of Cinnamomi Ramulus by the simultaneous analysis of multiple active components using high-performance thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2490-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Wu
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Jiao He
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Huarong Xu
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
- National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
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