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Toribio L, Martín MT, Bernal J. Supercritical Fluid Chromatography in Bioanalysis-A Review. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e70003. [PMID: 39487700 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.70003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 10/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 11/04/2024]
Abstract
In the last decade, the instrumentation improvements in supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and the hyphenation to mass spectrometry (MS), have increased the SFC acceptance between scientists, becoming today a valuable tool in analytical chemistry. The unique selectivity, short analysis times, low consumption of organic solvents, and the greener mobile phase, have contributed to expanding its applicability which has led to an increase in the number of publications especially in the bioanalysis area. This work reviews the advantages and main applications of SFC in bioanalysis during the last 5 years. Fundamental aspects concerning mobile phase composition, stationary phase, hyphenation to MS as well as matrix effect have been discussed. Finally, the most relevant applications have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Toribio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Teresa Martín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Bernal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, I. U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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2
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Ovchinnikov DV, Vakhrameev SA, Voronov IS, Semushina MP, Ul'yanovskii NV, Kosyakov DS. Determination of Macrolides in Water Using Solid-Phase Extraction and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e70000. [PMID: 39460572 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.70000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024]
Abstract
Macrolides are a group of compounds used to treat bacterial infections in humans and animals. Their widespread use results in the contamination of the water environment, which, on the one hand, has a detrimental effect on aquatic organisms and, on the other hand, can lead to the emergence of resistant strains of microorganisms. All of the above determines the need for monitoring of these compounds in the environment, particularly, in water objects. Usually, the high-performance liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry method is used to solve this problem, however, this work shows the possibility of using the supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. An approach for the determination of four common macrolides, namely erythromycin, clarithromycin, midecamycin, and josamycin, was developed. The use of solid-phase extraction allowed to achieve limits of quantification at 0.57-6.8 ng/L. The presented approach was validated and tested on a real object-a sample of municipal wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis V Ovchinnikov
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Core Facility Center "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Sergey A Vakhrameev
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Core Facility Center "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Ilya S Voronov
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Core Facility Center "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Marina P Semushina
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay V Ul'yanovskii
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Core Facility Center "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Kosyakov
- Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Core Facility Center "Arktika", Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
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3
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Chen T, Le Bizec B, Dervilly G. Anabolic steroids in livestock production: Background and implications for chemical food safety. Steroids 2024; 206:109420. [PMID: 38580048 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The use of steroids in livestock animals is a source of concern for consumers because of the risks associated with the presence of their residues in foodstuffs of animal origin. Technological advances such as mass spectrometry have made it possible to play a fundamental role in controlling such practices, firstly for the discovery of marker metabolites but also for the monitoring of these compounds under the regulatory framework. Current control strategies rely on the monitoring of either the parent drug or its metabolites in various matrices of interest. As some of these steroids also have an endogenous status specific strategies have to be applied for control purposes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge of analytical strategies, whether targeted or non-targeted, and whether they focus on markers of exposure or effect in the specific context of chemical food safety regarding the use of anabolic steroids in livestock. The role of new approaches in data acquisition (e.g. ion mobility), processing and analysis, (e.g. molecular networking), is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, Nantes 44300, France
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4
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Song C, Qi Y, Wang C, Jin G, Wang S, Yu D, Guo Z, Liang X. Ordered mesoporous silica microspheres for supercritical fluid chromatography. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 38372355 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05690b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Herein, silica microspheres with ordered mesopores are synthesized and applied as a stationary phase for supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The excellent particle monodispersity and pore orderliness coupled with the rapid analytes diffusion of the supercritical fluid lead to an ultra-high column efficiency of 340 000 plate per m.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Song
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Qi
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Gaowa Jin
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Dongping Yu
- Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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5
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De Luca C, Felletti S, Franchina FA, Bozza D, Compagnin G, Nosengo C, Pasti L, Cavazzini A, Catani M. Recent developments in the high-throughput separation of biologically active chiral compounds via high performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 238:115794. [PMID: 37890321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), are often chiral molecules where stereoisomers have different biological and therapeutic activity. Nevertheless, the preparation of these molecules can lead to racemic or scalemic mixtures (it is not trivial to produce just the optically pure compound). The evaluation of the enantiomeric purity of bioactive compounds, and therefore quality, is indeed of fundamental importance for regulatory scopes. Chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the gold standard technique to separate and to purify enantiomers. This comes from the wide availability of commercial chiral stationary phases (CSPs) and operational modes, which makes the technique extremely versatile. In recent years, the most relevant trend in the field of chiral analytical HPLC has been the development of CSPs suitable for fast or even ultrafast separations, thus favoring the high throughput screening of biologically active chiral compounds. This process has somehow lagged behind compared to achiral HPLC, due to a series of practical and fundamental issues. The experience has shown how in chiral chromatography even very basic concepts, such as the supposed kinetic superiority of core-shell (pellicular) particles over fully porous ones to improve the chromatographic efficiency, cannot be taken for granted. In this review, the most relevant fundamental and practical features that must be taken into consideration to design successful high-throughput, fast enantioseparations will be discussed. Afterwards, the main classes of CSPs and the most relevant, recent (last five-year) high-throughput applications in the field of the separation of chiral bioactive compounds (for pharmaceutical, forensic, food, and omics applications) will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara De Luca
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Simona Felletti
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Flavio Antonio Franchina
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Desiree Bozza
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Greta Compagnin
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Chiara Nosengo
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Luisa Pasti
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - Alberto Cavazzini
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
| | - Martina Catani
- Department of Chemical, Pharrmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, Ferrara 44121, Italy
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Buljan A, Roje M. Application of Green Chiral Chromatography in Enantioseparation of Newly Synthesized Racemic Marinoepoxides. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080530. [PMID: 36005533 PMCID: PMC9409916 DOI: 10.3390/md20080530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioseparation of the newly synthesized series of novel quinoline-2(1H)-one epoxide structures rac-6a-c and rac-8a-c, named marinoepoxides, is described. Marinoepoxide rac-6a, the key intermediate in the total synthesis of natural products marinoaziridines A and B, as well as their structural analogues, was synthesized by addition of the achiral ylide generated in situ from the sulfonium salt 5 or 7, to the carbon-oxygen double bond of the corresponding quinoline-2(1H)-one-4-carbaldehyde 4a-c in good yield. Separation of enantiomers of (±)-2,3,3-trisubstituted marinoepoxides rac-6a-c and (±)-trans-2,3-disubstituted marinoepoxides rac-8a-c was studied using two immobilized polysaccharide type chiral stationary phases (CSPs); tris-(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamoyl)cellulose stationary phase (CHIRAL ART Cellulose-SC) and tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamoyl)amylose stationary phase (CHIRAL ART Amylose-SA). Enantioseparation conditions were explored by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using dimethyl carbonate/alcohol mixtures and n-hexane/ethanol (80/20, v/v) as mobile phase, and by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) using CO2/alcohol mixtures as mobile phase. In all examined racemates, enantioseparation was successfully achieved, but its efficiency largely depended on the structure of chiral selector and type/composition of the mobile phase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marin Roje
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-1-45-71-283
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7
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Comparison of Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Hyphenated to an Ultraviolet Detector and Gas Chromatography Hyphenated to a Flame Ionization Detector for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Citrus Essential Oils. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9070183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A comparison between the classical gas chromatography (GC) technique with supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) technology was performed using an essential oil of Citrus limon (lemon) as a model, considering its wide use in the cosmetic world. For the qualitative part, the signal annotation was achieved by mass spectrometry using either an electron ionization (EI) or an atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) source. For the quantitative part, GC was hyphenated to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and SFC to an ultraviolet detector (SFC-UV). The assay of the major component of citrus oil, i.e., limonene, was carried out by SFC-UV. The similar results obtained between GC-FID and SFC-UV allows SFC-UV to be considered as an alternative to GC-FID for Citrus oil characterization. Then, analyses of an essential oil collection from Citrus fruits were achieved to confirm the potential use of SFC-UV for oil classification in the context of quality control of raw materials in cosmetics.
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8
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Parr MK, Botrè F. Supercritical fluid chromatography mass spectrometry as an emerging technique in doping control analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Chiral Pesticides with Asymmetric Sulfur: Extraction, Separation, and Determination in Different Environmental Matrices. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral pesticides with S atoms as asymmetric centers are gaining great importance in the search for new pesticides with new modes of action. As for the rest of the chiral pesticides, the determination of the stereoisomers separately has become crucial in the environmental risks assessment of these pesticides. Therefore, the development of suitable extraction and clean-up methods as well as efficient stereoselective analytical techniques for stereoisomers determination in environmental samples is essential. Currently, liquid/solid phase extraction, microextraction, and QuEChERS-based methods are most commonly used to obtain chiral pesticides from environmental samples. Gas, liquid, and supercritical fluid chromatography together with capillary electrophoresis techniques are the most important for the determination of the stereoisomers of chiral pesticides containing S atoms in its structure. In this study, all these techniques are briefly reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed
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10
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West C, Lesellier E. Selection of SFC stationary and mobile phases. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-88487-7.00008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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11
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Underwood T, Hindley S, Knaggs A, White C. Synthetic chemistry screening for robust analysis and purification from discovery through to development. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-88487-7.00003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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12
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Helesbeux JJ, Carro L, McCarthy FO, Moreira VM, Giuntini F, O’Boyle N, Matthews SE, Bayraktar G, Bertrand S, Rochais C, Marchand P. 29th Annual GP2A Medicinal Chemistry Conference. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121278. [PMID: 34959677 PMCID: PMC8708472 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 29th Annual GP2A (Group for the Promotion of Pharmaceutical chemistry in Academia) Conference was a virtual event this year due to the COVID-19 pandemic and spanned three days from Wednesday 25 to Friday 27 August 2021. The meeting brought together an international delegation of researchers with interests in medicinal chemistry and interfacing disciplines. Abstracts of keynote lectures given by the 10 invited speakers, along with those of the 8 young researcher talks and the 50 flash presentation posters, are included in this report. Like previous editions, the conference was a real success, with high-level scientific discussions on cutting-edge advances in the fields of pharmaceutical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Carro
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
| | - Florence O. McCarthy
- School of Chemistry, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, College Road, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland;
| | - Vânia M. Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francesca Giuntini
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
| | - Niamh O’Boyle
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panoz Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Susan E. Matthews
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK;
| | - Gülşah Bayraktar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey;
| | - Samuel Bertrand
- Institut des Substances et Organismes de la Mer, ISOmer, Nantes Université, UR 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Christophe Rochais
- UNICAEN, CERMN (Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie), Normandie Univ., F-14032 Caen, France;
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, Nantes Université, UR 1155, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-253-009-155
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13
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Muheem A, Jahangir MA, Baboota S, Ali J. Recent patents and a market overview on green or bio-based solvents for chromatographic analysis: a review. Pharm Pat Anal 2021; 10:227-235. [PMID: 34753297 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2021-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Green solvents (GS) in chromatography originate from green chemistry. Therefore, using GSs in liquid chromatographic analysis to separate drugs and chemicals is an emerging approach to reduce hazardous chemicals in nature. The Orbit Intelligence database was used to conduct a strategic patent search for peer-reviewed patents on GSs as a mobile phase for chromatographic analysis. This article reported numerous approaches for encouraging GSs such as ethanol, butanol, esters, polyethylene glycol, supercritical fluids and nonionic surfactants to analyze drugs or compounds. The main aim of this article is to explore the patented GSs for chromatographic analysis and forecasting of the GSs that encourage industries to shift from hazardous to GSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Muheem
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammed Asadullah Jahangir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Nibha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajgir, Nalanda-803116, Bihar, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
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14
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Ali I, Raja R, Alam SD, Shirsath V, K. Jain A, Locatelli M, David V. A comparison of chiral separations by supercritical fluid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2021.1979037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupak Raja
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
- Jubilant Biosys Limited, Noida, India
| | | | | | - Arvind K. Jain
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Victor David
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Romania
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15
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Folprechtová D, Tesařová E, Kalíková K. The effect of tandem coupling of NicoShell and TeicoShell columns in sub/supercritical fluid chromatography on enantioresolution. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:4048-4057. [PMID: 34490981 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The coupling of columns in sub/supercritical fluid chromatography presents a great opportunity for influencing the separation efficiency and extending the selectivity of the separation system. Combinations of different types of chiral stationary phases could positively affect the enantioresolution if single ones are complementary to each other. In this work, two superficially porous particle (2.7 μm) macrocyclic glycopeptide-based columns, namely TeicoShell and NicoShell, were serially coupled and tested in sub/supercritical fluid chromatography for the first time. The influence of the column arrangement on the enantioseparation of structurally diverse biologically active compounds was examined. The obtained results showed how the column order crucially affected the enantioresolution of compounds tested, but the retention was negligibly affected in most cases. We also demonstrated that single TeicoShell and NicoShell columns are very promising towards the development of highly efficient and fast/ultrafast sub/supercritical fluid chromatography methods for structurally different chiral compounds. The optimized methods for sub-minute enantioselective separation of certain biologically important compounds were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Folprechtová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Tesařová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Květa Kalíková
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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16
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Nikitidis G, Carlsson ACC, Karlsson S, Campbell AD, Cook C, Dai K, Emtenäs H, Jonson AC, Leek H, Malmgren M, Moravčík Š, Pithani S, Tatton MR, Zhao H, Öhlén K. Synthetic and Chromatographic Challenges and Strategies for Multigram Manufacture of KRASG12C Inhibitors. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios Nikitidis
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Anna-Carin C. Carlsson
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Staffan Karlsson
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Andrew D. Campbell
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca Macclesfield, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Calum Cook
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Macclesfield, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Kuangchu Dai
- Changzhou SynTheAll Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No 589, North Yulong Road, Chunjiang town, Xinbei District, Changzhou 213127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hans Emtenäs
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Anna C. Jonson
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Hanna Leek
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Marcus Malmgren
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Štefan Moravčík
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Subhash Pithani
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Matthew R. Tatton
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Macclesfield, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Hucheng Zhao
- Changzhou SynTheAll Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, No 589, North Yulong Road, Chunjiang town, Xinbei District, Changzhou 213127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kristina Öhlén
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
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17
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Taniguchi Y, Miwa M, Kitada N. Crystalline sponge X-ray analysis coupled with supercritical fluid chromatography: a novel analytical platform for the rapid separation, isolation, and characterization of analytes. Analyst 2021; 146:5230-5235. [PMID: 34373868 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00948f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystalline sponge (CS) based X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis allows for the observation of the structure of an analyte, including its absolute configuration. Herein we report a powerful analytical platform for the separation, isolation, and structural elucidation of a target analyte in a seamless way by coupling supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) with CS-based XRD analysis (SFC-CSXRD). The efficacy of this methodology is demonstrated by the rapid characterization of regio- and stereoisomers using three types of CSs with differing tolerances to the solvents used in SFC and guest-soaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimasa Taniguchi
- Kirin Central Research Institute, Research & Development Division, Kirin Holdings Company Ltd., 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
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18
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La Z, Charton J, Etienne L, Bourey J, Lipka E. Supercritical fluid chromatography and liquid chromatography for isomeric separation of a multiple chiral centers analyte. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462270. [PMID: 34087720 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of a chiral separation strategy has always been a challenge of crucial importance, particularly in the pharmaceutical field. Chromatographic methods have become popular, particularly High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography from a preparative scale point of view. A bioactive compound bearing three stereogenic centers was entrusted in our laboratory and the aim of this work was to obtain the complete resolution of the eight stereoisomers. Nine different polysaccharide-based columns were tested in SFC under various carbon dioxide-based mobile phases. The use of a single chiral column Lux Cellulose-2 under 30% 2-PrOH in carbon dioxide, at a flow-rate of 1 mL/min, column temperature of 40°C, 120 bar outlet pressure allowed the obtention of eight peaks. To further improve the resolution of the two last isomers, two columns were serially coupled . The results obtained with the six different combinations are discussed. The tandem column supercritical fluid chromatography has demonstrated to be a useful technique to resolve the eight stereoisomers on Lux Cellulose-2//Cellulose-2 tandem of coupled columns with 30% 2-PrOH in carbon dioxide, at a flow-rate of 1 mL/min, column temperature of 40°C and 120 bar outlet pressure, despite a long analysis time. In order to compare the two methods (i.e supercritical and liquid), chiral liquid chromatography under polar aqueous-organic mode, polar organic mode and normal-phase mode, was implemented. The last mode allowed the full baseline resolution of the eight isomers on Cellulose-5 CSP, with 20% 2-PrOH in n-heptane at a flow-rate of 0.8 mL/min, at 25°C, λ = 220 nm. The limits of detection and of quantification were determined for this method and the best values obtained for isomer 8 were equal to 2.84 and 9.37 nM respectively. Finally, a small-scale preparative separation of the multiple chiral centers compound was implemented on Cellulose-5 CSP within 10% 2-PrOH in n-heptane in order to study the stereoisomer elution order on Cellulose-2, Cellulose-5 and Chiralpak AD-H, under EtOH or 2-PrOH in n-heptane mobile phases, and partial reversal elution orders were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo La
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Charton
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for living Systems, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Lucile Etienne
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Bourey
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lipka
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - Risk factors and molecular determinants of aging-related diseases, F-59000 Lille, France.
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19
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Deng H, Wang Y, Wang J, Liu S, Ji Y, Fan Z, Li Z, Yang F, Bian Z, Tang G. Separation of N'-nitrosonornicotine isomers and enantiomers by supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1641:461971. [PMID: 33626439 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) is one of the most prevalent and toxic tobacco-specific nitrosoamines. A chiral center at its 2'-position results in R and S enantiomers, the partial double bond character of the NN = O group also results in E and Z isomers, therefore, NNN can form a total of four absolute configurations (E-(R)-NNN, E-(S)-NNN, Z-(R)-NNN, and Z-(S)-NNN). This study investigated the resolution of R/S enantiomers and E/Z isomers of NNN by supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SFC-MS/MS). The baseline separation of E/Z-(R,S)-NNN isomers/enantiomers was accomplished through the optimization of chiral columns and co-solvents. Due to the lack of single standard of E/Z isomers, only R-NNN (sum of E-(R)-NNN and Z-(R)-NNN) and S-NNN (sum of E-(S)-NNN and Z-(S)-NNN) were further examined. Through the comprehensive optimization of SFC-MS/MS conditions, R-NNN and S-NNN were separated with a run time of 5 min, the developed method was validated, and its applicability to the determination of NNN enantiomers in burley tobacco samples was demonstrated. This study could be applied to preparative separation of single enantiomer and/or isomer of NNN, and could provide potential benefits to biologic activity studies on these enantiomers and isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Deng
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, No.6 Cuizhu Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ying Wang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, No.6 Cuizhu Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jinbang Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, No.2 Fengyang Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, No.6 Cuizhu Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, No.6 Cuizhu Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ziyan Fan
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, No.6 Cuizhu Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, No.2 Fengyang Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fei Yang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, No.6 Cuizhu Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhaoyang Bian
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, No.6 Cuizhu Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Gangling Tang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, No.6 Cuizhu Street, High and New Technology Industries Development Zone, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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20
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Recent advances in chiral analysis for biosamples in clinical research and forensic toxicology. Bioanalysis 2021; 13:493-511. [PMID: 33719527 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2020-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This article covers current methods and applications in chiral analysis from 2010 to 2020 for biosamples in clinical research and forensic toxicology. Sample preparation for aqueous and solid biological samples prior to instrumental analysis were discussed in the article. GC, HPLC, capillary electrophoresis and sub/supercritical fluid chromatography provide the efficient tools for chiral drug analysis coupled to fluorescence, UV and MS detectors. The application of chiral analysis is discussed in the article, which involves differentiation between clinical use and drug abuse, pharmacokinetic studies, pharmacology/toxicology evaluations and chiral inversion. Typical chiral analytes, including amphetamines and their analogs, anesthetics, psychotropic drugs, β-blockers and some other chiral compounds, are also reviewed.
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21
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Folprechtová D, Kalíková K. Macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral selectors for enantioseparation in sub/supercritical fluid chromatography. ANALYTICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 2:15-32. [PMID: 38715744 PMCID: PMC10989558 DOI: 10.1002/ansa.202000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing number of reported works dealing with macrocyclic glycopeptide-based columns in sub/supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) points to the growing interest in this area. With the development and production of sub 2 µm fully porous particles and superficially porous particles with bonded macrocyclic glycopeptides, significant improvements have been made in ultrafast high efficiency chiral SFC. This review article gives an overview of macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral selectors that were used in theoretical studies and/or applications in SFC. The review covers the period from 1997 when macrocyclic glycopeptides were first used in SFC till the end of July 2020 according to Web of Science. This work can also be helpful to analysts searching for an appropriate method for the separation/determination of enantiomers of their interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa Folprechtová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular ChemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Květa Kalíková
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular ChemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
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22
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Xiao R, Gao D, Xie W, Fu Q, Wang L, Zhang K, Zeng J. Nonlinear behavior in preparative liquid chromatography: A method-development case study for hydroxytyrosol purification. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:973-980. [PMID: 33351272 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Preparative liquid chromatography has become an important purification method owing to its advantages of high separation efficiency, good reproducibility, and low solvent consumption. Because overloading in preparative liquid chromatography must be performed to increase the throughput in a cycle, nonlinear chromatographic behavior is observed. Therefore, it is crucial to carefully study nonlinear chromatography for the purification of a given product, which facilitates the efficient optimization of the purification parameters. In this work, a method for the development of a purification method using preparative liquid chromatography based on nonlinear chromatography is proposed. Hydroxytyrosol was selected as the subject for method demonstration. Using methanol and ethanol as organic modifiers, the optimum flow rate was determined on three commercial columns entitled C8 TDE, C18 ME, and C18 TDE, respectively. The curves were fitted with the van Deemter equation, with thorough analysis of the A, B, and C terms. Adsorption isotherms were subsequently studied to explore the distribution of solutes between the stationary and mobile phases at equilibrium. C18 TDE, 5 vol% ethanol-water, and 0.2 mL/min were selected as the optimal separation material, elution solvent, and flow rate, respectively. Purification of hydroxytyrosol was tentatively confirmed on a C18 TDE column with 1.6% sample loading, 90.98% recovery, and 98.01% purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruting Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P. R. China
| | - Die Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qifeng Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lujun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kailian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P. R. China
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23
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Application of Chiral and Achiral Supercritical Fluid Chromatography in Pesticide Analysis: A Review. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1634:461684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Wolrab D, Frühauf P, Kolderová N, Kohout M. Strong cation- and zwitterion-exchange-type mixed-mode stationary phases for separation of pharmaceuticals and biogenic amines in different chromatographic modes. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1635:461751. [PMID: 33285414 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A set of new mixed-mode ion-exchange stationary phases is presented. The backbone of organic selectors is formed by a linear hydrocarbon chain, which is divided into two parts of various lengths by a heteroatom (oxygen or nitrogen). In all studied cases, there is a sulfonic acid moiety as the terminal group. Therefore, selectors bearing oxygen gave rise to strong cation ion-exchange stationary phases, while selectors with an embedded nitrogen atom (inducing a weak anion exchange capacity) were used to create zwitterion ion-exchange stationary phases. The new mixed-mode stationary phases were chromatographically evaluated in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) using isocratic elution conditions to disclose their chromatographic potential. In HPLC mode, aqueous-rich reversed phase chromatography, acetonitrile-rich hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and methanolic ion-exchange chromatography mobile phases were employed. In these chromatographic modes, retention factors and selectivity values for a test set of basic and zwitterionic analytes were determined. The results were compared and principal component analysis for each chromatographic mode was performed. For all chromatographic modes, the component 1 in the principal component analysis reflected the elution order. The application of different mobile phases on a particular column resulted not only in variation in retention, but also in modified selectivity, and different elution order of the analytes. The orthogonality of the elution order depending on the employed mobile phase conditions was especially reflected for structurally closely related analytes, such as melatonin and N-acetyl-serotonin, tryptamine and serotonin or noradrenalin and octopamine. However, ion-exchange interactions remain the main driving force for retention. From all investigated stationary phases, the SCX 2 (C5-linker and C4-spacer) seems to be the best choice for the separation of basic analytes using different mobile phase conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Wolrab
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, 532 10 Pardubice 2, Czech Republic; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Peter Frühauf
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Natalie Kolderová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kohout
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, CZ-166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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25
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Lefebvre T, Destandau E, West C, Lesellier E. Supercritical Fluid Chromatography development of a predictive analytical tool to selectively extract bioactive compounds by supercritical fluid extraction and pressurised liquid extraction. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1632:461582. [PMID: 33035852 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Selective extraction is a great concern in the field of natural products. The interest is to apply specific conditions favouring the solubility of targeted secondary metabolites and avoiding the simultaneous extraction of unwanted ones. Different ways exist to reach selective extractions with suited conditions. These conditions can be determined from experimental studies through experimental design, but a full experimental design takes time, energy, and uses plant samples. Prediction from varied solubility models can also be applied allowing a better understanding of the final selected conditions and eventually less experiments. The aim of this work was to develop and use a chromatographic model to determine optimal extraction conditions without the need for numerous extraction experiments. This model would be applied on the selective extraction of the desired antioxidant compounds in rosemary leaves (rosmarinic and carnosic acids) vs chlorophyll pigments to limit the green colour in extracts. This model was achieved with Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC) and then applied to Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) and Pressurised Liquid Extraction (PLE) assays. SFC models predicted low solubility of chlorophylls for low (5%) and high (100%) percentage of solvent in carbon dioxide. Also, low solubility was predicted with acetonitrile solvent compared to methanol or ethanol. This was confirmed with different extractions performed using SFE with different percentages of solvent (5, 30, and 70%) and with the three solvents used in the SFC models (acetonitrile, methanol and ethanol). Also extractions using PLE were carried out using the same neat solvents in order to confirm the SFC models obtained for 100% of solvent. Globally, extractions validated the SFC models. Only some differences were observed between ethanol and methanol showing the complexity of plant extraction due to matrix effect. For all these extracts, the content of carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid was also monitored and selective extraction conditions of bioactive compounds could be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Lefebvre
- ICOA, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Emilie Destandau
- ICOA, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Caroline West
- ICOA, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Eric Lesellier
- ICOA, CNRS UMR 7311, Université d'Orléans, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
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26
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Santana IM, Jardim ICSF, Breitkreitz MC. Sequential design of experiments approach for the multiproduct analysis of cholesterol‐lowering drugs by ultra‐high‐performance supercritical fluid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:4234-4242. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Miranda Santana
- Department of Analytical Chemistry Institute of Chemistry UNICAMP Campinas‐São Paulo Brazil
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Application of chiral chromatography in radiopharmaceutical fields: A review. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1632:461611. [PMID: 33086153 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Chiral column chromatography (CCC) is a revolutionary analytical methodology for the enantioseparation of novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracers in the primary stages of drug development. Due to the different behaviors of tracer enantiomers (e.g. toxicity, metabolism and side effects) in administrated subjects, their separation and purification is a challenging endeavor. Over the last three decades, different commercial chiral columns have been applied for the enantioseparation of PET-radioligand (PET-RL) or radiotracers (PET-RT), using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The categorization and reviewing of them is a vital topic. This review presents a brief overview of advances, applications, and future prospectives of CCC in radiopharmaceutical approaches. In addition, the effective chromatographic parameters and degravitation trends to enhance enantioseparation resolution are addressed. Moreover, the application and potential of chiral super fluidical chromatography (CSFC) as an alternative for enantioseparation in the field of radiopharmaceutical is discussed. Finally, the crucial application challenges of CCC are explained and imminent tasks are suggested.
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Schretter C, Langeder J, Freisinger V, Rollinger JM, Grienke U. Quantitative Analysis of Prenylated Constituents in Commercial Hops Samples Using Ultrahigh-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography. PLANTA MEDICA 2020; 86:1140-1147. [PMID: 32182624 DOI: 10.1055/a-1130-0590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The importance of hops (the flowers of Humulus lupulus) as food and an herbal remedy is reflected by a large number of analytical methods published. However, supercritical fluid chromatography, a highly efficient, rapid, and "green" separation technique, has not been considered for hops samples so far. This prompted us to establish the first supercritical fluid chromatography-based protocol for the separation, identification, and quantitation of five prenylated constituents of hops. Hulupinic acid ( 1: ), a prominent oxidation product of hop acids, three flavanones, i.e., 8-prenylnaringenin ( 2: ), 6-prenylnaringenin ( 3: ), and isoxanthohumol ( 4: ), as well as the chalcone xanthohumol ( 5: ) could be baseline separated in less than 5 minutes using a Viridis BEH 2-EP column (3.0 × 100 mm; 1.7 µm particle size) and a mobile phase consisting of CO2 and isopropanol. Good results regarding selectivity, accuracy (recovery rates: 85.0 - 113.1%), precision (intra-day ≤ 2.1%, inter-day ≤ 3.5%), and linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99) were obtained for both photodiode array and mass detection. The lowest detection limit at 220 nm was at 0.1 µg/mL ( 1, 3: , and 4: ), with mass detection even at 0.001 µg/mL ( 4: ). As an application example of the validated method, the five hops constituents were quantified in three dietary supplements, one herbal medicinal product, and two batches of hop flowers (Lupuli flos). In most samples analyzed, the major component was 5: (0.01 - 1.02%), whereas the major component in Lupuli flos samples was compound 1: (0.12 - 0.21%). This protocol offers a fast and environmentally friendly alternative to liquid chromatography for the quality control of hops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Schretter
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Langeder
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Ulrike Grienke
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Pauk V, Lemr K. Investigation of chromatographic peak broadening in supercritical fluid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:1190-1194. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201901130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Pauk
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsDepartment of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePalacký University in Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Karel Lemr
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and MaterialsDepartment of Analytical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePalacký University in Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic
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31
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Lin Y, Fan J, Ruan L, Bi J, Yan Y, Wang T, Gao H, Yao X, Cheng K, Zhang W. Semi-preparative separation of dihydromyricetin enantiomers by supercritical fluid chromatography and determination of anti-inflammatory activities. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1606:460386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Kozlov O, Kadlecová Z, Tesařová E, Kalíková K. Evaluation of separation properties of stationary phases in supercritical fluid chromatography; deazapurine nucleosides case study. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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33
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34
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Kaplitz AS, Kresge GA, Selover B, Horvat L, Franklin EG, Godinho JM, Grinias KM, Foster SW, Davis JJ, Grinias JP. High-Throughput and Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2019; 92:67-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Kaplitz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Glenn A. Kresge
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Benjamin Selover
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Leah Horvat
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | | | - Justin M. Godinho
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware 19810, United States
| | - Kaitlin M. Grinias
- Analytical Platforms & Platform Modernization, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Samuel W. Foster
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Joshua J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - James P. Grinias
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
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35
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Echevarría RN, Keunchkarian S, Villarroel-Rocha J, Sapag K, Reta M. Organic monolithic capillary columns coated with cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate) for enantioseparations by capillary HPLC. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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36
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He PX, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li GH, Zhang JW, Feng XS. Supercritical fluid chromatography-a technical overview and its applications in medicinal plant analysis: an update covering 2012-2018. Analyst 2019; 144:5324-5352. [PMID: 31348475 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00826h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants with complex matrices are endowed with a wide scope of biological activities. The separation, quantification, characterization and purification of bioactive components from herbal medicine extracts have always challenged analysts. Fortunately, the advancement of various emerging techniques has provided potent support for improving the method selectivity, sensitivity and run speeds in medicinal plant analyses. In recent years, the advent of new-generation supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) instruments and a wide diversity of column chemistries, coupled with the intrinsic technical features of SFC, have made it an alternative and prominent analytical platform in the medicinal plant research area. This work aims to give a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals, technical advancement and investigating parameters of SFC in combination with three prevalent detectors. Moreover, the latest research progress of SFC applications in medicinal plant analyses is illuminated, with focus on herbal medicine-related SFC papers on the analytical and preparative scale that were published during the period of 2012 to December 2018. The most relevant applications were classified based on the constituents to be analysed. As for the respective research cases, analytical protocols and data processing strategies were provided, along with the indicated restrictions or superiority of the method; thus, the current status of SFC in medicinal plant analysis was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Xia He
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Guo-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jian-Wei Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Bajtai A, Lajkó G, Németi G, Szatmári I, Fülöp F, Péter A, Ilisz I. High-performance liquid chromatographic and subcritical fluid chromatographic separation of α-arylated ß-carboline, N-alkylated tetrahydroisoquinolines and their bioisosteres on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2779-2787. [PMID: 31216124 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
New, pharmacologically interesting chiral amino compounds, namely, stereoisomers of α-hydroxynaphthyl-ß-carboline, benz[d]azepine and benz[c]azepine analogs as well as N-α-hydroxynaphthylbenzyl-substituted isoquinolines were enantioseparated by high-performance liquid chromatographic and subcritical fluid chromatographic methods on polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases. Separation of the stereoisomers was optimized in both subcritical fluid chromatography and normal phase liquid chromatographic modes by investigating the effects of the composition of the bulk solvent, temperature, and the structures of the analytes and selectors. Both normal phase liquid chromatography and subcritical fluid chromatography exhibited satisfactory performance, albeit with somewhat different effectiveness in the separation of the stereoisomers studied. The optimized methods offer the possibility to apply preparative-scale separations thereby enabling further pharmacological investigations of the enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Bajtai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyula Lajkó
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Németi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Szatmári
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Antal Péter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Ilisz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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38
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Lü H, Wang Z, Geng Z, Li Y, Liu S, Liu J. Adsorption equilibria of paeoniflorin and albiflorin on cyano-silica column from supercritical carbon dioxide/ethanol. Chin J Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Kozlov O, Kalíková K, Gondová T, Budovská M, Salayová A, Tesařová E. Fast enantioseparation of indole phytoalexins in additive free supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1596:209-216. [PMID: 30910386 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of chiral indole phytoalexins with potential anticancer and antimicrobial activity were enantioseparated in supercritical fluid chromatography. Two polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phases composed of tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) derivatives of amylose or cellulose coated on 2.5 μm silica particles were successfully used. The influences of the polysaccharide backbone, co-solvent type and co-solvent content in the mobile phase on retention, enantioselectivity and enantioresolution of indole phytoalexins were investigated. Fast baseline separations were achieved for 26 from 27 tested compounds. Amylose-based chiral stationary phase provided higher number of baseline resolutions of the indole phytoalexins than the cellulose-based one. However, certain complementary enantioresolution results towards the studied compounds were observed between the investigated columns. The relationship between structure of the indole phytoalexins and their chromatographic behavior in supercritical fluid chromatography was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Kozlov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Květa Kalíková
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Taťána Gondová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Mariana Budovská
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Aneta Salayová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic; Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Eva Tesařová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 12843, Prague, Czech Republic
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40
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Unexpected separate elution of cation and anion of an ammonium salt in supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1586:154-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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41
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Yamamoto K, Kotani A, Hayashi Y, Hakamata H. Assessment of Repeatability in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography with Electrochemical Detection Based on the ISO 11843 Part 7. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:59-63. [PMID: 30606951 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study proposes a method for the assessment of repeatability in supercritical fluid chromatography with electrochemical detection (SFC-ECD), based on the ISO 11843 part 7 (ISO 11843-7:2018) which can theoretically provide detection limits and standard deviation (S.D.) through the stochastic properties of baseline noise without repetitive measurements of real samples. On the baseline noise of SFC-ECD, large-amplitude and periodic noises with less than 0.05 Hz were observed, and the power spectrum of the baseline noise showed 1/f fluctuation (f = frequency). It was found that the present power spectrum analysis, according to the law of error propagation, can provide suitable noise parameters to calculate S.D. of baseline noise and a relative S.D. (RSD) of peak area by ISO 11843-7. The chromatographic determinations of α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherol have been taken as examples. In the present SFC-ECD, the RSDs of peak areas for α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherol obtained by ISO 11843-7 were within 95% confidence intervals of the RSD of them obtained by repetitive measurements (n = 6). Thus, we found that ISO 11843-7 is applicable to the assessment of repeatability in SFC-ECD for determining tocopherols without repetitive measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akira Kotani
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
| | | | - Hideki Hakamata
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences
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42
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Harps LC, Joseph JF, Parr MK. SFC for chiral separations in bioanalysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 162:47-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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de Kock N, Acharya SR, Ubhayasekera SJKA, Bergquist J. A Novel Targeted Analysis of Peripheral Steroids by Ultra-Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Hyphenated to Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16993. [PMID: 30451874 PMCID: PMC6242962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-performance supercritical fluid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPSFC–MS/MS) is an alternative method for steroid analysis. Continuous development of analytical methodologies for steroid profiling is of major importance in the clinical environment to provide useful and more comprehensive data. The aim of this study was to identify and quantify a large number of endogenous steroids from the four major classes (estrogens, androgens, progestogens and corticosteroids) simultaneously within a short analytical time. This novel UPSFC–MS/MS method with electrospray in positive ionisation (ESI+) mode is robust, selective and present sufficiently high sensitivity to profile nineteen steroids in 50 µL human plasma. Under optimised conditions, nineteen different steroids were separated with high efficiency in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The linearity of the method was good with correlation coefficients (R2) in the range of 0.9983–0.9999 and with calibration range from 0.05–500 ng/mL in human plasma. The intraday and interday precision of the method, as RSD, was less than 15%. The accuracy of the nineteen analytes varied between 80 to 116%. Finally, the novel method was successfully applied for the determination of nineteen steroids within 5 minutes providing the possibility to use it for research as well as routine healthcare practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil de Kock
- Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden
| | - Santosh R Acharya
- Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden
| | - S J Kumari A Ubhayasekera
- Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden.
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Chemistry - Biomedical Center, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden.
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45
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Yang F, Tang G, Li Z, Fan Z, Wang Y, Liu S, Bian Z, Deng H. An environmentally friendly method for the enantioseparation and determination of benalaxyl in tobacco and soil by ultra-performance convergence chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:4233-4240. [PMID: 30216709 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
For the purpose of chiral separation and determination of benalaxyl enantiomers in tobacco and soil, we developed a rapid, green, and sensitive method using ultra-performance convergence chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The samples were extracted and purified by the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method before injection. The baseline separation was obtained on a chiral column in 5 min with carbon dioxide and ethanol as mobile phase. Separation parameters were optimized for the best separation efficiency. Under optimal conditions, the recoveries of both enantiomers were 77.1-98.4% with relative standard deviations <5.0% at spiked level of 0.1, 2.0, and 5.0 mg/kg in two matrices. Good coefficients of determination were achieved over the concentration range of 10-250 ng/mL. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification for all enantiomers ranged from 0.43 to 0.72 μg/kg and from 1.25 to 2.15 μg/kg, respectively. The results show that ultra-performance convergence chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry provides a reliable, green, and rapid method for the separation and determination of benalaxyl enantiomers in tobacco and soil. This method has important theoretical significance for studying the enantioselectivity and bioactivity of benalaxyl in the environment and in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gangling Tang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ziyan Fan
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Bian
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Deng
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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46
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Toribio L, Arranz S, Ares AM, Bernal J. Polymeric stationary phases based on poly(butylene terephthalate) and poly(4-vinylpirydine) in the analysis of polyphenols using supercritical fluid chromatography. Application to bee pollen. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1572:128-136. [PMID: 30150114 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two new polymer-based stationary phases; DCpak PBT (poly(butylene terephthalate)) and DCpak P4VP (poly(4-vinylpirydine)) were evaluated for the analysis of polyphenols using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The compounds studied included phenolic acids and flavonoids. The different variables that influence the chromatographic separation, such as type and percentage of organic modifier, additive, pressure and temperature were examined. Using the DCpak P4VP column the retention was exceptionally high, obtaining better results with the DCpak PBT column. The separation of nine polyphenols was achieved using a gradient of modifier (methanol with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) from 5 to 50%, a pressure of 150 bar, a temperature of 35 °C and a flow-rate of 2 mL/min. The use of additives was necessary in order to obtain good peak shapes and efficiencies, achieving the best results with trifluoroacetic acid. LODs and LOQs values were lower than 5 μg/mL in all the cases; meanwhile, the %RSD values for method repeatability and inter-day reproducibility were lower than 3% and 10% respectively. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of polyphenols in commercial bee pollen; four compounds, namely cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, catechin and quercetin were identified and quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Toribio
- I.U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Sandra Arranz
- I.U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana M Ares
- I.U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Bernal
- I.U. CINQUIMA, Analytical Chemistry Group, University of Valladolid, Spain
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47
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Nagai K, Shibata T, Shinkura S, Ohnishi A. Poly(4-vinylpyridine) based novel stationary phase investigated under supercritical fluid chromatography conditions. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1572:119-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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48
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Recent Achievements and Future Challenges in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography for the Enantioselective Separation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3606-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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49
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A Dedicated Mass Spectrometer Tuning Method for SFC–MS and Evaluation of Two Different Linear Restrictor Types Used in the Operation of a Split Flow Pre-Back Pressure Regulator SFC–MS Interface. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Iguiniz M, Corbel E, Roques N, Heinisch S. On-line coupling of achiral Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography and chiral Supercritical Fluid Chromatography for the analysis of pharmaceutical compounds. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 159:237-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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