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Ren JL, Yang L, Qiu S, Zhang AH, Wang XJ. Efficacy evaluation, active ingredients, and multitarget exploration of herbal medicine. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:146-157. [PMID: 36710216 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Evidence shows that herbal medicine (HM) could be beneficial for the treatment of various diseases. However, complexities present in HM due to the unclear bioactive compounds, mechanisms of action, undetermined targets for therapy, and nonspecific features for metabolism, are currently an obstacle for the progression of novel drug discovery. Metabolomics could be a potential tool to overcome these issues and for the understanding of HM from a small-molecule metabolism level. The chinmedomics-based metabolomics method assesses the overall metabolism of organisms with a holistic view and shows great potential for understanding metabolic pathways, evaluating curative effects, clarifying mechanisms, discovering active ingredients, and precision medicine. This review focuses on the efficacy evaluation, active ingredient discovery, and target exploration of HM based on metabolomics and chinmedomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ling Ren
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Functional Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, China
| | - Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Xi-Jun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Functional Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade Road 111, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Vilela N, Tomazetto G, Gonçalves TA, Sodré V, Persinoti GF, Moraes EC, de Oliveira AHC, da Silva SN, Fill TP, Damasio A, Squina FM. Integrative omics analyses of the ligninolytic Rhodosporidium fluviale LM-2 disclose catabolic pathways for biobased chemical production. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:5. [PMID: 36624471 PMCID: PMC9830802 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02251-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignin is an attractive alternative for producing biobased chemicals. It is the second major component of the plant cell wall and is an abundant natural source of aromatic compounds. Lignin degradation using microbial oxidative enzymes that depolymerize lignin and catabolize aromatic compounds into central metabolic intermediates is a promising strategy for lignin valorization. However, the intrinsic heterogeneity and recalcitrance of lignin severely hinder its biocatalytic conversion. In this context, examining microbial degradation systems can provide a fundamental understanding of the pathways and enzymes that are useful for lignin conversion into biotechnologically relevant compounds. RESULTS Lignin-degrading catabolism of a novel Rhodosporidium fluviale strain LM-2 was characterized using multi-omic strategies. This strain was previously isolated from a ligninolytic microbial consortium and presents a set of enzymes related to lignin depolymerization and aromatic compound catabolism. Furthermore, two catabolic routes for producing 4-vinyl guaiacol and vanillin were identified in R. fluviale LM-2. CONCLUSIONS The multi-omic analysis of R. fluviale LM-2, the first for this species, elucidated a repertoire of genes, transcripts, and secreted proteins involved in lignin degradation. This study expands the understanding of ligninolytic metabolism in a non-conventional yeast, which has the potential for future genetic manipulation. Moreover, this work unveiled critical pathways and enzymes that can be exported to other systems, including model organisms, for lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Vilela
- grid.442238.b0000 0001 1882 0259Programa de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, Brazil ,grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Geizecler Tomazetto
- grid.7048.b0000 0001 1956 2722Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering (BCE), Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thiago Augusto Gonçalves
- grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Photobiocatalysis Unit—CPBL, and Biomass Transformation Lab—BTL, École Interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Victoria Sodré
- grid.7372.10000 0000 8809 1613Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Gabriela Felix Persinoti
- grid.452567.70000 0004 0445 0877Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Cruz Moraes
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Arthur Henrique Cavalcante de Oliveira
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP Brazil
| | - Stephanie Nemesio da Silva
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Laboratory of Biology Chemical Microbial (LaBioQuiMi), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Taícia Pacheco Fill
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Laboratory of Biology Chemical Microbial (LaBioQuiMi), Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - André Damasio
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Fabio Marcio Squina
- grid.442238.b0000 0001 1882 0259Programa de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, Brazil
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A Comparative Study of Serum Pharmacochemistry of Kai-Xin-San in Normal and AD Rats Using UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010030. [PMID: 36678527 PMCID: PMC9866203 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is a classic formula for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). KXS has been widely used to treat emotional diseases; however, its active components remain unknown. There have been some reports about the efficacy and metabolic analysis of KXS, which are mainly based on studying normal animals. The current work first established an AD rat model by injecting D-galactose into the abdominal cavity and injecting Aβ25-35 into the hippocampus on both sides, followed by intragastric administration of KXS for a consecutive week; then, the analytical method for ethanol extraction from the serum of normal and model rats was developed using UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS; finally, the transitional components in the blood were systematically compared and analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis. A total of 36 components of KXS were identified in the rat serum of the normal group, including 24 prototype components (including ginsenosides, triterpenoid acids of Poria cocos, polygala saponins, polygala xanthones and polygala ester) and 13 metabolites (including desugar, hydration and oxidation products of ginsenosides, triterpenoid acid hydroxylation, deoxygenation, demethylation, desaturation, and glycine-conjugated products of Poria cocos). Twenty KXS-relevant components were detected in the rat serum of the model group, including 11 prototypes and 9 metabolites. The normal group and the model group shared 12 common components, including 9 prototypes and 3 metabolites. The intestinal microecological balance of the model rats probably was destroyed, affecting the absorption/metabolism of saponins by the body, which resulted in fewer transitional components in the model group. This study reflected the drug-body interaction from an objective and accurate perspective, offering references and insights for elucidating the basis of active components and mechanism of action of KXS for treating AD.
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Wei W, Liu S, Han Y, Lu S, Yan G, Sun H, Wang X. Rapid identification of chemical components in Zhizi Baipi decoction by ultra performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with a novel informatics UNIFI platform. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3679-3690. [PMID: 35943222 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Zhizi Baipi Decoction is a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of jaundice and various liver diseases. The chemical components of Zhizi baipi decoction were not clear resulting from the paucity of relevant studies, which hindered the elucidation of the pharmacological mechanism, the comprehensive development and utilization of Zhizi baipi decoction in clinical. In this study, ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry combined with UNIFI natural product information analysis platform was used to rapidly analyze and identify the chemical components in Zhizi baipi decoction. A total of 122 chemical components, including 53 flavonoids, 16 alkaloids, 25 terpenoids, 5 phenylpropanoids, 14 organic acids, and 7 others, were identified from Zhizi baipi decoction. These compounds may be the active components of Zhizi baipi decoction. The method established in this study can systematically, rapidly, and accurately resolve the chemical components in Zhizi baipi decoction, which lays the foundation for further establishment of the pharmacodynamic substance basis and quality control of Zhizi baipi decoction. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Wei
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shaobo Liu
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shengwen Lu
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Guangli Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
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WuLi W, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Lin SZ. Chinese herbs and acupuncture to improve cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease. Tzu Chi Med J 2021; 33:122-127. [PMID: 33912408 PMCID: PMC8059467 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_51_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a variety of causes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which includes the two main approaches of acupuncture and herbal medication, views the human body as a self-controlled system network. Fundamental theories, including "qi," the five elements, and the theory of viscera, form the basis for classification. Diseases in humans are considered to be caused by an imbalance of "yang qi" and "yin qi" that lead to the nonhomeostasis of organs. Acupuncture is derived from 12 main meridians and 365 acupuncture points characterized by "blood and qi." Needling of different positions corresponds to specific disease treatments to increase qi. Treatment with Chinese herbal medicines is based on syndrome differentiation characterized as "Zheng" which differs from the cause orientation approach of Western medicine. In this article, we review basic and clinical research studies that describe TCM herbs and acupuncture for the treatment of AD. Moreover, we propose that these two approaches be integrated to improve the outcomes for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei WuLi
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Life Sicence, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Sicence, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
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Comparative Study on the Chemical Components and Gastrointestinal Function on Rats of the Raw Product and Licorice-Simmered Product of Polygala tenuifolia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8855536. [PMID: 33505508 PMCID: PMC7810529 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8855536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. (Polygalaceae) (PT) has been listed as a nootropic, anti-inflammatory, and antipsychotic medicine that can cure insomnia. Raw PT (RPT) is toxic and must be processed before clinical use. Licorice-simmered PT (LPT) is one of the most common processed products. We conducted this study in order to investigate the differences in chemical components and gastrointestinal function between RPT and LPT. We used principal component analysis (PCA) and quantitative analysis to study the differences in the chemical components. Animal experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of PT on the gastrointestinal function of rats before and after simmering. Pathological sections of gastrointestinal tissues, serum hormone levels, and inflammatory cytokines were observed. The PCA results demonstrated that obvious separation was achieved between the RPT and LPT samples. Tenuifoliside B (TFSB), 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose (DSS), tenuifoliose A (TFOA), tenuifoliose H (TFOH), onjisaponin B (OJB), onjisaponin Z (OJZ), and total saponins levels were decreased after licorice processing, while glomeratose A (GA) and 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA) levels were markedly increased. Compared to the control group, the RPT groups exhibited dramatically lower levels of gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL), and substance P (SP) and markedly higher levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and somatostatin (SS), but the LPT groups exhibited no significant differences in the above indexes. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in gastrointestinal tissue were markedly increased in the low RPT (L-RPT), high RPT (H-RPT), and H-LPT groups, showing a certain inflammatory effect, but the inflammatory effect in the L-LPT group was relatively weak. Licorice simmering can effectively reduce the inhibitory effect of RPT on gastrointestinal function in rats and reduce damage to gastrointestinal tissue. This study provides a scientific basis for research on the processing mechanism and clinical application of PT.
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Lacaille-Dubois MA, Delaude C, Mitaine-Offer AC. A review on the phytopharmacological studies of the genus Polygala. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112417. [PMID: 31765761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Polygala, the most representative genus of the Polygalaceae family, comprises more than 600 species from all over the world of which around 40 are distributed in China, some of them, being used in the Traditional Chinese Medicine system. AIM OF THE REVIEW We intend to discuss the current knowledge about the traditional uses, and the newest phytochemical and pharmacological achievements with tentative elucidation of the mechanism of action on the genus Polygala covering the period 2013-2019 to provide a scientific support to the traditional uses, and to critically analyze the reported studies to obtain new insights for further researches. MATERIALS AND METHODS The data were systematically collected from the scientific electronic data bases including SciFinder, Scopus, Elsevier, PubMed and Google Scholar. RESULTS This literature overview reported several traditional uses of different species of Polygala, mainly against wounds, inflammation, cardiovascular and central nervous system disorders. P. altomontana, P caudata, P. flavescens, P. glomerata, P. japonica, P. molluginifolia, P. sibirica, P. tenuifolia are the main species which have been studied in the last few years. Phytochemical studies showed that they contain triterpene saponins, triterpenes, terpenoids, xanthones, flavonoids, coumarins, oligosaccharide esters, styryl-pyrones, benzophenones, and polysaccharides. Pharmacological in vitro and in vivo studies and proposal of the mechanisms of action indicated that pure constituents and extracts of Polygala ssp exhibited significant anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antiischemic, antidepressant, sedative, analgesic, antiatherosclerosis, antitumor and enzyme inhibitory properties. CONCLUSION This review on traditional uses and phytopharmacological potential of the genus Polygala revealed updated insights which can be explored for further mechanism-based pharmacological activities and structure/activity relationships studies and a better comprehension of the development of Chinese medicine preparations. However some pharmacological studies showed several gaps such as incomplete methodologies and ambiguous findings. More high scientific quality preclinical studies with pharmacokinetic considerations will be required in the future to assess the traditional uses of some species of this genus. This might lead to efficacy and safety issues in clinical trials and to potential medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Aleth Lacaille-Dubois
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, (PEPITE EA 4267), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Faculté de Pharmacie, 7, Bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France.
| | - Clément Delaude
- Centre de Recherche Phytochimique, Université de Liège, Institut de Chimie-B6, Sart Tilman, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anne-Claire Mitaine-Offer
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, (PEPITE EA 4267), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Faculté de Pharmacie, 7, Bd Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
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Zhang AH, Wang YM, Liu Q, Fu WH. A rapid and efficient approach based on ultra-high liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for identification in vitro and in vivo constituents from shizao decoction. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_329_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Wang Y, Liu Q, Fan S, Yang X, Ming L, Wang H, Liu J. Rapid analysis and characterization of multiple constituents of corn silk aqueous extract using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:3054-3066. [PMID: 31328392 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Wang
- Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
- Qiqihar Academy of Medical Sciences Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
- Qiqihar Academy of Medical Sciences Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
| | - Songjie Fan
- Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
- Qiqihar Academy of Medical Sciences Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
| | - Xueting Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
| | - Linlin Ming
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
- Qiqihar Academy of Medical Sciences Qiqihar Heilongjiang P. R. China
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Wang XJ, Ren JL, Zhang AH, Sun H, Yan GL, Han Y, Liu L. Novel applications of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics in herbal medicines and its active ingredients: Current evidence. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2019; 38:380-402. [PMID: 30817039 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Current evidence shows that herbal medicines could be beneficial for the treatment of various diseases. However, the complexities present in chemical compositions of herbal medicines are currently an obstacle for the progression of herbal medicines, which involve unclear bioactive compounds, mechanisms of action, undetermined targets for therapy, non-specific features for drug metabolism, etc. To overcome those issues, metabolomics can be a great to improve and understand herbal medicines from the small-molecule metabolism level. Metabolomics could solve scientific difficulties with herbal medicines from a metabolic perspective, and promote drug discovery and development. In recent years, mass spectrometry-based metabolomics was widely applied for the analysis of herbal constituents in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we highlight the value of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and metabolism to address the complexity of herbal medicines in systems pharmacology, and to enhance their biomedical value in biomedicine, to shed light on the aid that mass spectrometry-based metabolomics can offer to the investigation of its active ingredients, especially, to link phytochemical analysis with the assessment of pharmacological effect and therapeutic potential. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Jun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant, Nanning Guangxi, China
| | - Jun-Ling Ren
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Guang-Li Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 24, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
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Memon N, Qureshi T, Bhanger MI, Malik MI. Recent Trends in Fast Liquid Chromatography for Pharmaceutical Analysis. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411014666180912125155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Liquid chromatography is the workhorse of analytical laboratories of pharmaceutical
companies for analysis of bulk drug materials, intermediates, drug products, impurities and
degradation products. This efficient technique is impeded by its long and tedious analysis procedures.
Continuous efforts of scientists to reduce the analysis time resulted in the development of three different
approaches namely, HTLC, chromatography using monolithic columns and UHPLC.
Methods:
Modern column technology and advances in chromatographic stationary phase including
silica-based monolithic columns and reduction in particle and column size (UHPLC) have not only
revolutionized the separation power of chromatographic analysis but also have remarkably reduced the
analysis time. Automated ultra high-performance chromatographic systems equipped with state-ofthe-
art software and detection systems have now spawned a new field of analysis, termed as Fast Liquid
Chromatography (FLC). The chromatographic approaches that can be included in FLC are hightemperature
liquid chromatography, chromatography using monolithic column, and ultrahigh performance
liquid chromatography.
Results:
This review summarizes the progress of FLC in pharmaceutical analysis during the period
from year 2008 to 2017 focusing on detecting pharmaceutical drugs in various matrices, characterizing
active compounds of natural products, and drug metabolites. High temperature, change in the mobile
phase, use of monolithic columns, new non-porous, semi-porous and fully porous reduced particle size
of/less than 3μm packed columns technology with high-pressure pumps have been extensively studied
and successively applied to real samples. These factors revolutionized the fast high-performance separations.
Conclusion:
Taking into account the recent development in fast liquid chromatography approaches,
future trends can be clearly predicated. UHPLC must be the most popular approach followed by the
use of monolithic columns. Use of high temperatures during analysis is not a feasible approach especially
for pharmaceutical analysis due to thermosensitive nature of analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najma Memon
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, Univeristy of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Qureshi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, Univeristy of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Bhanger
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Malik
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
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Wu Y, Wang P, Yang H, Sui F. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and UPLC-MS/MS methods for metabolism profiles and pharmacokinetics of major compounds in Xuanmai Ganjie Granules. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4449. [PMID: 30513133 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Xuanmai Ganjie Granules (XMGJ), a widely used Chinese herbal formula in the clinic, is used for treatment of sore throats and coughs. Despite the chemical constituents having been clarifying by our previous studies, both of the metabolism and pharmacokinetic studies of XMGJ are unclear. This study aimed to explore the disposition process of XMGJ in vivo. A sensitive and selective ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) method was developed to analyze the absorbed components and metabolites in rat plasma and urine after oral administration of XMGJ. A total of 42 absorbed components, including 16 prototype compounds and 26 metabolites, were identified or tentatively characterized in rat plasma and urine after oral administration of XMGJ. Moreover, the pharmacokinetic studies of five compounds of XMGJ were investigated using ultra-high liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method. The results indicated that liquiritin, harpagoside, glycyrrhetic acid, liquiritigenin, formononetin and their metabolites might be the major components involved in the pharmacokinetic and metabolism process of XMGJ. This research showed a comprehensive investigation of XMGJ in vivo, which could provide a meaningful basis for further material basis and pharmacological as well as toxicological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Pengqian Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Haotian Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Feng Sui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
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13
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Sun H, Li XN, Zhang AH, Zhang KM, Yan GL, Han Y, Wu FF, Wang XJ. Exploring potential biomarkers of coronary heart disease treated by Jing Zhi Guan Xin Pian using high-throughput metabolomics. RSC Adv 2019; 9:11420-11432. [PMID: 35520218 PMCID: PMC9063511 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10557j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a relatively complex disease characterized by narrowing of the arterial lumen and reduction of blood flow to the heart. There is no effective early diagnosis and prevention method. Jing Zhi Guan Xin Pian (JZGXP) is a new preparation prepared from the effective extract of Guanxin II. It is made of five components of traditional Chinese medicine and functions by promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and is used for the treatment of CHD and angina pectoris. In our study, a CHD rat model was prepared using a high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D3. Clinical biochemical indexes (TG, CHO and HDL-C), histopathology (coronary and myocardial tissue), electrocardiogram and cardiac indexes were used to evaluate the efficacy of JZGXP in the treatment of CHD model rats. UPLC-HDMS-based metabolomics techniques were used to find metabolic profiles, biomarkers and related metabolic pathways in CHD models and to evaluate the effects of JZGXP on them. At the same time, the targets of JZGXP for the treatment of CHD were analyzed. Our study ultimately identified 25 biomarkers associated with CHD models. Further studies found that these 25 biomarkers involved 9 metabolic pathways in the body and found that JZGXP can recall 21 biomarkers in the urine of model rats and these biomarkers involve nine metabolic pathways. Finally, the targets of JZGXP for the treatment of CHD were β-alanine metabolism and tyrosine metabolism, i.e. amino acids metabolism. This study showed that metabolomics technology is effective for exploring potential biomarkers associated with syndromes or diseases and the therapeutic mechanisms of a traditional Chinese medicine formulation. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a relatively complex disease characterized by narrowing of the arterial lumen and reduction of blood flow to the heart.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Xue-na Li
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Ai-hua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Kun-ming Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Guang-li Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Ying Han
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
| | - Fang-fang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant
- Nanning
- China
| | - Xi-jun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center
- National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry
- Laboratory of Metabolomics
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis
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14
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Wang XQ, Zhang AH, Miao JH, Sun H, Yan GL, Wu FF, Wang XJ. Gut microbiota as important modulator of metabolism in health and disease. RSC Adv 2018; 8:42380-42389. [PMID: 35558413 PMCID: PMC9092240 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract colonizes a large number of microbial microflora, forms a host-microbiota co-metabolism structure with the host to participate in various metabolic processes in the human body, and plays a major role in the host immune response. In addition, the dysbiosis of intestinal microbial homeostasis is closely related to many diseases. Thus, an in-depth understanding of the relationship between them is of importance for disease pathogenesis, prevention and treatment. The combined use of metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics techniques for the analysis of gut microbiota can reveal the relationship between microbiota and the host in many ways, which has become a hot topic of analysis in recent years. This review describes the mechanism of co-metabolites in host health, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bile acid metabolism. The metabolic role of gut microbiota in obesity, liver diseases, gastrointestinal diseases and other diseases is also summarized, and the research methods for multi-omics combined application on gut microbiota are summarized. According to the studies of the interaction mechanism between gut microbiota and the host, we have a better understanding of the use of intestinal microflora in the treatment of related diseases. It is hoped that the gut microbiota can be utilized to maintain human health, providing a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qian Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant Nanning Guangxi China +86-451-82110818 +86-451-82110818
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
| | - Ai-Hua Zhang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
| | - Jian-Hua Miao
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant Nanning Guangxi China +86-451-82110818 +86-451-82110818
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
| | - Guang-Li Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
| | - Fang-Fang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant Nanning Guangxi China +86-451-82110818 +86-451-82110818
| | - Xi-Jun Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for the Development of Southwestern Endangered Medicinal Materials, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant Nanning Guangxi China +86-451-82110818 +86-451-82110818
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Chinmedomics Research Center of State Administration of TCM, Laboratory of Metabolomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Heping Road 24 Harbin China
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15
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Feng G, Zheng Y, Sun Y, Liu S, Pi Z, Song F, Liu Z. A targeted strategy for analyzing untargeted mass spectral data to identify lanostane–type triterpene acids in Poria cocos by integrating a scientific information system and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry combined with ion mobility spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1033:87-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Jiang Z, Yang J, Wang Y. Discrimination and identification of Q-markers based on 'Spider-web' mode for quality control of traditional Chinese medicine. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 44:98-102. [PMID: 29373247 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The safety and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in clinical practice is directly related to the quality of TCM. And, the quality control of TCM is a pivotal issue to the quality of TCM, but also an obstacle impeding the modernization of TCM. PURPOSE The purpose of this work is to compile and develop a strategy based on discrimination and identification of quality markers (Q-markers) for quality control of TCM. METHODS Mainly established by seven variables derived from four dimensions including content, stability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacology, the 'Spider-web' mode was undertaken to assess the Q-marker property of candidate compounds originated from TCM by taking regression area (A) and coefficient variation (CV) of the tested compounds into account. The importance index (ImI), ImI = A × 1/CV, was suggested to focus Q-markers. RESULTS The compounds with larger regression area (A) and less coefficient variation (CV) are preferentially adopted as Q-markers, which should possess the satisfactory properties of content, stability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacological activity. To the contrary, the compounds are excluded on the grounds of the unsatisfactory Q-markers' property, less regression area (A) and larger coefficient variation (CV), which cannot represent the quality of TCM. CONCLUSIONS The 'Spider-web' mode can filter out the redundant constituents and focus on the key indexes of quality control - Q-markers. The screened Q-markers possess the optimal integrated properties of content, stability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacology among the numerous and complicated ingredients of TCM, which can comprehensively characterize inherent quality of TCM. In summary, the novel strategy established in this work provides a valuable perspective for the quality control of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzuo Jiang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin 300457, PR China
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17
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Feng GF, Liu S, Pi ZF, Song FR, Liu ZQ. Studies on the chemical and intestinal metabolic profiles of Polygalae Radix by using UHPLC-IT-MS n and UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS method coupled with intestinal bacteria incubation model in vitro. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 148:298-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Wu XL, Wu MJ, Chen XZ, Zhang HM, Ding LQ, Tian FY, Fu XM, Qiu F, Zhang DQ. Rapid characterization of the absorbed chemical constituents of Tangzhiqing formula following oral administration using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:1025-1038. [PMID: 29227021 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tangzhiqing formula, a Chinese herbal formula, is used for the treatment of type II diabetes and prediabetes. Although its effectiveness has been certified by clinical use, its absorbed chemical constituents are not comprehensively represented. Thence, in order to reveal potential bioactive components and metabolism of Tangzhiqing formula, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was developed. A total of 86 absorbed components, including 38 prototype compounds and 48 metabolites, were identified in rat plasma, urine, and feces after oral administration of Tangzhiqing formula. This was the first systematic study on the chemical constituents and metabolic profiling of Tangzhiqing formula. The results indicated that alkaloids and flavonoids were main absorbed components, and glucuronidation and sulfation were the major metabolites. Moreover we concluded that alkaloids and flavonoids first underwent demethylation and hydrolysis reactions before biotransformed to phase II metabolites. This study provided valuable data for safety estimation of Tangzhiqing formula, which will be advantageous for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Wu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Guozhen Health Institute, New Era Health Industry (Group) CO., Ltd., Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Jiang Wu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Academy of Medicine and Drug, Zunyi, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ze Chen
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Min Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Li-Qin Ding
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Ying Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, Tianjin ZhongXin Pharmaceuticals R&D Center, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Meng Fu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, Tianjin ZhongXin Pharmaceuticals R&D Center, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - De-Qin Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
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19
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Zhong X, Zhong Y, Yan K, Xiao X, Duan L, Wang R, Wang L. Metabolomics approach based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify the chemical constituents of the Traditional Chinese Er-Zhi-Pill. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:2713-2721. [PMID: 28485887 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Er-Zhi-Pill, which consists of Ligustri lucidi fructus and Ecliptae prostratae herba, is a classical traditional Chinese medicinal formulation widely used as a liver-nourishing and kidney-enriching tonic. To identify the bioactive ingredients of Er-Zhi-Pill and characterize the variation of chemical constituents between co-decoction and mix of individually decocted L. lucidi fructus and E. prostratae herba, a novel metabolomics approach based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in both positive and negative ion modes, was established to comprehensively analyze chemical constituents and probe distinguishable chemical markers. In total, 68 constituents were unambiguously or tentatively identified through alignment of accurate molecular weights within an error margin of 5 ppm, elemental composition and fragmentation characteristics, including eight constituents, which were confirmed by comparing to reference standards. Furthermore, principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis using Simca-p+ 12.0 software were applied to investigate chemical differences between formulations obtained by co-decoction and a mixture of individual decoctions. Global chemical differences were found in samples of two different decoction methods, and 16 components, including salidroside, specneuzhenide and wedelolactone, contributed most to the observed differences. This study provides a basic chemical profile for the quality control and further mechanism research of Er-Zhi-Pill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunlong Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Zhong
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kangqi Yan
- Research & Development Department, Guangzhou Baiyunshan Mingxing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuerong Xiao
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruolun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laiyou Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Wei T, Li G, Zhang Z. Rapid determination of trace semicarbazide in flour products by high-performance liquid chromatography based on a nucleophilic substitution reaction. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:1993-2001. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianfu Wei
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Gongke Li
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
| | - Zhuomin Zhang
- School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou China
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