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Huang TL, Chang YC, Tsai BCK, Chen TS, Kao SW, Tsai YY, Lin SZ, Yao CH, Lin KH, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Anethole mitigates H 2 O 2 -induced inflammation in HIG-82 synoviocytes by suppressing the aquaporin 1 expression and activating the protein kinase A pathway. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:965-978. [PMID: 37987213 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting approximately 1% of the global population, with a higher prevalence in women than in men. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of RA. Anethole, a prominent compound derived from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), possesses a spectrum of therapeutic properties, including anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tumor-suppressive effects. However, its specific impact on RA remains underexplored. This study sought to uncover the potential therapeutic value of anethole in treating RA by employing an H2 O2 -induced inflammation model with HIG-82 synovial cells. Our results demonstrated that exposure to H2 O2 induced the inflammation and apoptosis in these cells. Remarkably, anethole treatment effectively countered these inflammatory and apoptotic processes triggered by H2 O2 . Moreover, we identified the aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and protein kinase A (PKA) pathway as critical regulators of inflammation and apoptosis. H2 O2 stimulation led to an increase in the AQP1 expression and a decrease in p-PKA-C, contributing to cartilage degradation. Conversely, anethole not only downregulated the AQP1 expression but also activated the PKA pathway, effectively suppressing cell inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, anethole also inhibited the enzymes responsible for cartilage degradation. In summary, our findings highlight the potential of anethole as a therapeutic agent for mitigating H2 O2 -induced inflammation and apoptosis in synovial cells, offering promising prospects for future RA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Lung Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung-Kang Branch, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Sheng Chen
- School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wen Kao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yun Tsai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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2
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Hsu CT, Chiu CC, Hsiao PY, Lin CY, Cheng S, Lin YC, Yang YL, Wu FH, Harn HJ, Lin SZ, Lin CS. Transgene-free CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing through protoplast-to-plant regeneration enhances active compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Plant Biotechnol J 2024. [PMID: 38174833 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Tran Hsu
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chou Chiu
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yuan Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sychyi Cheng
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Research Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Cheng Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Research Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Liang Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Research Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hui Wu
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Choun-Sea Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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3
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Wu TY, Huang CC, Tsai HC, Lin TK, Chen PY, Darge HF, Hong ZX, Harn HJ, Lin SZ, Lai JY, Chen YS. Mucin-mediated mucosal retention via end-terminal modified Pluronic F127-based hydrogel to increase drug accumulation in the lungs. Biomater Adv 2024; 156:213722. [PMID: 38101076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive lung drug delivery is critical for treating respiratory diseases. Pluronic-based copolymers have been used as multifunctional materials for medical and biological applications. However, the Pluronic F127-based hydrogel is rapidly degraded, adversely affecting the mechanical stability for prolonged drug release. Therefore, this study designed two thermosensitive copolymers by modifying the Pluronic F127 terminal groups with carboxyl (ADF127) or amine groups (EDF127) to improve the viscosity and storage modulus of drug formulations. β-alanine and ethylenediamine were conjugated at the terminal of Pluronic F127 using a two-step acetylation process, and the final copolymers were characterized using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectra. According to the 1H NMR spectra, Pluronic F127 was functionalized to form ADF127 and EDF127 with 85 % and 71 % functionalization degrees, respectively. Rheological studies revealed that the ADF127 (15 wt%) and EDF127 (15 wt%) viscosities increased from 1480 Pa.s (Pluronic F127) to 1700 Pa.s and 1800 Pa.s, respectively. Furthermore, the elastic modulus of ADF127 and EDF127 increased, compared with that of native Pluronic F127 with the addition of 5 % mucin, particularly for ADF127, thereby signifying the stronger adhesive nature of ADF127 and EDF127 with mucin. Additionally, ADF127 and EDF127 exhibited a decreased gelation temperature, decreasing from 33 °C (Pluronic F127 at 15 wt%) to 24 °C. Notably, the in vitro ADF127 and EDF127 drug release was prolonged (95 %; 48 h) by the hydrogel encapsulation of the liposome-Bdph combined with mucin, and the intermolecular hydrogen bonding between the mucin and the hydrogel increased the retention time and stiffness of the hydrogels. Furthermore, ADF127 and EDF127 incubated with NIH-3T3 cells exhibited biocompatibility within 2 mg/mL, compared with Pluronic F127. The nasal administration method was used to examine the biodistribution of the modified hydrogel carrying liposomes or exosomes with fluorescence using the IVIS system. Drug accumulation in the lungs decreased in the following order: ADF127 > EDF127 > liposomes or exosomes alone. These results indicated that the carboxyl group-modified Pluronic F127 enabled well-distributed drug accumulation in the lungs, which is beneficial for intranasal administration routes in treating diseases such as lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Yun Wu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Chiang Huang
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 302, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Tzu-Kai Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Institute, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Haile Fentahun Darge
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Zhen-Xiang Hong
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC; Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Shuan Chen
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC; Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan, ROC.
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4
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Chen YS, Hong ZX, Lin YT, Tsao EC, Chen PY, Liu CA, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Lin SZ. Efficiency of PGK1 proteins delivered to the brain via a liposomal system through intranasal route administration for the treatment of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023:10.1007/s13346-023-01498-2. [PMID: 38161195 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01498-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A patient-friendly and efficient treatment method for patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) was provided through a nose-to-brain liposomal system. Initially, PGK1 was overexpressed in HEK 293-84Q-GFP diseased cells (HEK 293-84Q-GFP-PGK1 cells) to confirm its effect on the diseased protein polyQ. A decrease in polyQ expression was demonstrated in HEK 293-84Q-GFP-PGK1 cells compared to HEK 293-84Q-GFP parental cells. Subsequently, PGK1 was encapsulated in a liposomal system to evaluate its therapeutic efficiency in SCA3. The optimized liposomes exhibited a significantly enhanced positive charge, facilitating efficient intracellular protein delivery to the cells. The proteins were encapsulated within the liposomes using an optimized method involving a combination of heat shock and sonication. The liposomal system was further demonstrated to be deliverable to the brain via intranasal administration. PGK1/liposomes were intranasally delivered to SCA3 mice, which subsequently exhibited an amelioration of motor impairment, as assessed via the accelerated rotarod test. Additionally, fewer shrunken morphology Purkinje cells and a reduction in polyQ expression were observed in SCA3 mice that received PGK1/liposomes but not in the untreated, liposome-only, or PGK1-only groups. This study provides a non-invasive route for protein delivery and greater delivery efficiency via the liposomal system for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shuan Chen
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Sec.3, Chung-Yang Rd., 970, R.O.C, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
- Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Zhen-Xiang Hong
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Sec.3, Chung-Yang Rd., 970, R.O.C, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tung Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Sec.3, Chung-Yang Rd., 970, R.O.C, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - En-Ci Tsao
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Sec.3, Chung-Yang Rd., 970, R.O.C, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Sec.3, Chung-Yang Rd., 970, R.O.C, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ann Liu
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Sec.3, Chung-Yang Rd., 970, R.O.C, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Sec.3, Chung-Yang Rd., 970, R.O.C, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
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5
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Kuan YC, Lin SZ, Chiu TL, Hung HY. Improved neurological function in a patient with complete spinal cord injury through bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells implantation: a case report. Regen Med 2023; 18:907-911. [PMID: 37990874 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2023-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause severe disability. Several clinical trials of stem-cell based therapies are ongoing. We describe our experience of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) therapy in a patient with complete SCI in the chronic stage. Case report: A 25-year-old man with complete SCI at T6 level presented with paraplegia for 5 years. We transplanted autologous BMSCs intramedullary. After 12 months follow-up, his Barthel index score was noticeably improved from severe to moderate dependency, and the sensation level improved from T7 to S5, but no improvement of motor function. Conclusion: Autologous BMSCs are potentially safe for patients with complete SCI in the chronic stage and may improve neurological function and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chuan Kuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Lang Chiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yi Hung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
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Chen YS, Harn HJ, Hong ZX, Huang YC, Lin YT, Zheng HX, Chen PY, Yang HH, Chen PR, Tsai HC, Lin SZ, Ho TJ, Chiou TW. Preconditioning of exosomes derived from human olfactory ensheathing cells improved motor coordination and balance in an SCA3/MJD mouse model: A new therapeutic approach. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 191:106608. [PMID: 37832855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Exosome therapy is a novel trend in regeneration medicine. However, identifying a suitable biomarker that can associate the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes with SCA3/MJD is essential. In this study, parental cells were preconditioned with butylidenephthalide (Bdph) for exosome preparation to evaluate the therapeutic effect of SCA3/MJD. The therapeutic agent hsa-miRNA-6780-5p was enriched up to 98-fold in exosomes derived from butylidenephthalide (Bdph)-preconditioned human olfactory ensheathing cells (hOECs) compared with that in naïve hOECs exosomes. The particle sizes of exosomes derived from naïve hOECs and those derived from hOECs preconditioned with Bdph were approximately 113.0 ± 3.5 nm and 128.9 ± 0.7 nm, respectively. A liposome system was used to demonstrate the role of hsa-miRNA-6780-5p, wherein hsa-miRNA-6780-5p was found to enhance autophagy and inhibit the expression of spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) disease proteins with the polyglutamine (polyQ) tract. Exosomes with enriched hsa-miRNA-6780-5p were further applied to HEK-293-84Q cells, leading to decreased expression of polyQ and increased autophagy. The results were reversed when 3MA, an autophagy inhibitor, was added to the cells treated with hsa-miRNA-6780-5p-enriched exosomes, indicating that the decreased polyQ expression was modulated via autophagy. SCA3 mice showed improved motor coordination behavior when they intracranially received exosomes enriched with hsa-miRNA-6780-5p. SCA3 mouse cerebellar tissues treated with hsa-miRNA-6780-5p-enriched exosomes showed decreased expression of polyQ and increased expression of LC3II/I, an autophagy marker. In conclusion, our findings can serve as a basis for developing an alternative therapeutic strategy for SCA3 disease treatment using miRNA-enriched exosomes derived from chemically preconditioned cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shuan Chen
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC; Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Zhen-Xiang Hong
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Chen Huang
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd, Shoufeng, Hualien 974301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Tung Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Xuan Zheng
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd, Shoufeng, Hualien 974301, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsueh-Hui Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Peir-Rong Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Sec. 3, Chung-Yang Rd., Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd, Shoufeng, Hualien 974301, Taiwan, ROC.
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Yuan Hsieh DJ, Islam MN, Kuo WW, Shibu MA, Lai CH, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Chen MYC, Huang CY. A combination of isoliquiritigenin with Artemisia argyi and Ohwia caudata water extracts attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by modulating Nrf2/Ho-1 signaling pathways in SD rats with doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity. Environ Toxicol 2023; 38:3026-3042. [PMID: 37661764 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Ohwia caudata (Thunb.) H. Ohashi (Leguminosae) also called as "Evergreen shrub" and Artemisia argyi H.Lév. and Vaniot (Compositae) also named as "Chinese mugwort" those two-leaf extracts frequently used as herbal medicine, especially in south east Asia and eastern Asia. Anthracyclines such as doxorubicin (DOX) are commonly used as effective chemotherapeutic drugs in anticancer therapy around the world. However, chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity, dilated cardiomyopathy, and congestive heart failure are seen in patients who receive DOX therapy, with the mechanisms underlying DOX-induced cardiac toxicity remaining unclear. Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and cardiomyocytes have been shown to play crucial roles in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL, 10 mg/kg) is a bioactive flavonoid compound with protective effects against inflammation, neurodegeneration, cancer, and diabetes. Here, in this study, our aim is to find out the Artemisia argyi (AA) and Ohwia caudata (OC) leaf extract combination with Isoliquiritigenin in potentiating and complementing effect against chemo drug side effect to ameliorate cardiac damage and improve the cardiac function. In this study, we showed that a combination of low (AA 300 mg/kg; OC 100 mg/kg) and high-dose(AA 600 mg/kg; OC 300 mg/kg) AA and OC water extract with ISL activated the cell survival-related AKT/PI3K signaling pathway in DOX-treated cardiac tissue leading to the upregulation of the antioxidant markers SOD, HO-1, and Keap-1 and regulated mitochondrial dysfunction through the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Moreover, the water extract of AA and OC with ISL inhibited the inflammatory response genes IL-6 and IL-1β, possibly through the NFκB/AKT/PI3K/p38α/NRLP3 signaling pathways. The water extract of AA and OC with ISL could be a potential herbal drug treatment for cardiac hypertrophy, inflammatory disease, and apoptosis, which can lead to sudden heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Jine Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Md Nazmul Islam
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondria Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- PhD Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chin-Hu Lai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Armed Force General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Michael Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondria Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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8
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Lee PY, Tsai BCK, Sitorus MA, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Shih CY, Lu SY, Lin YM, Ho TJ, Huang CY. Ohwia caudata aqueous extract attenuates doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Environ Toxicol 2023; 38:2450-2461. [PMID: 37461261 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to many diseases, including organ degeneration and cancer. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells provide a valuable source for stem cell-based therapy and represent an emerging therapeutic approach for tissue regeneration. This study focused on screening the senomorphic properties of Ohwia caudata aqueous extract as an emerging strategy for preventing or treating mitochondrial dysfunction in stem cells. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells were incubated with 0.1 μM doxorubicin, for 24 h to induce mitochondrial dysfunction. Next, the cells were treated with a series concentration of Ohwia caudata aqueous extract (25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) for another 24 h. In addition, an untreated control group and a doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction positive control group were maintained under the same conditions. Our data showed that Ohwia caudata aqueous extract markedly suppressed doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing Tid1 and Tom20 expression, decreased reactive oxygen species production, and maintained mitochondrial membrane potential to promote mitochondrial stability. Ohwia caudata aqueous extract retained the stemness of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduced the apoptotic rate. These results indicate that Ohwia caudata aqueous extract protects Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells against doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and can potentially prevent mitochondrial dysfunction in other cells. This study provides new directions for the medical application of Ohwia caudata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Lee
- Holistic Education Center, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Maria Angelina Sitorus
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Shang-Yeh Lu
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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9
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Loh CH, Kuo WW, Lin SZ, Shih CY, Lin PY, Situmorang JH, Huang CY. Corrigendum to "PKC-δ-dependent mitochondrial ROS attenuation is involved as 9-OAHSA combats lipoapotosis in rat hepatocytes induced by palmitic acid and in Syrian hamsters induced by high-fat high-cholesterol high-fructose diet" [Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 470, (2023), 116557]. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 476:116658. [PMID: 37598861 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hui Loh
- Department of Family Medicine and Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Center for Aging and Health, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jiro Hasegawa Situmorang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Center for Biomedical Research, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.
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10
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Hsieh DJY, Tsai BCK, Barik P, Shibu MA, Kuo CH, Kuo WW, Lin PY, Shih CY, Lin SZ, Ho TJ, Huang CY. Human adipose-derived stem cells preconditioned with a novel herbal formulation Jing Shi attenuate doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9167-9181. [PMID: 37708248 PMCID: PMC10522400 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a considerable contributor to global disease burden. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been used to treat cardiovascular diseases since antiquity. Enhancing stem cell-mediated recovery through CHM represents a promising approach for protection against doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Herein, we investigated whether human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) preconditioned with novel herbal formulation Jing Si (JS) improved protective ability of stem cells against doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage. The effect of JS on hADSC viability and migration capacity was determined via MTT and migration assays, respectively. Co-culture of hADSC or JS-preconditioned hADSCs with H9c2 cells was analyzed with immunoblot, flow cytometry, TUNEL staining, LC3B staining, F-actin staining, and MitoSOX staining. The in vivo study was performed M-mode echocardiography after the treatment of JS and JS-preconditioned hADSCs by using Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Our results indicated that JS at doses below 100 μg/mL had less cytotoxicity in hADSC and JS-preconditioned hADSCs exhibited better migration. Our results also revealed that DOX enhanced apoptosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in DOX-challenged H9c2 cells, while H9c2 cells co-cultured with JS-preconditioned hADSCs alleviated these effects. It also enhanced the expression of autophagy marker LC3B, mTOR and CHIP in DOX-challenged H9c2 cells after co-culture with JS-preconditioned hADSCs. In Dox-challenged rats, the ejection fraction and fractional shortening improved in DOX-challenged SD rats exposed to JS-preconditioned hADSCs. Taken together, our data indicate that JS-preconditioned stem cells exhibit a cardioprotective capacity both in vitro and in vivo, highlighting the value of this therapeutic approach for regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bruce Chi-Kang Tsai
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Parthasarathi Barik
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, USA
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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11
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Situmorang JH, Chen MC, Kuo WW, Lin SZ, Shih CY, Lin PY, Loh CH, Huang CY. 9-POHSA prevents NF-kB activation and ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation in rat hepatocytes. Lipids 2023; 58:241-249. [PMID: 37604154 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Liver inflammation has become increasingly prevalent in recent years, leading to the development of diseases like hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, and fatty liver disease. One factor that has been linked to liver inflammation is increased levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which can be caused by poor diets and sedentary lifestyles that contribute to liver inflammation. There is promising research on a new class of lipids called fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), which have been shown to potentiate insulin release and exert an anti-inflammatory effect. Specifically, one type of FAHFA called 9-POHSA (palmitoleic acid ester of 9-hydroxy stearic acid) has been studied for its potential to attenuate inflammation-related indexes induced by LPS in hepatocytes, which play a critical role in the progression of liver inflammation. This study found that following LPS treatment, tumor necrosis factor- α, interleukin-6, and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were upregulated and increased cell migration, but 9-POHSA pre-treatment attenuated the upregulation of these markers and prevented cell migration induced by LPS. Using flowcytometry analysis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was found to be responsible for CTGF upregulation. In addition, the effects of 9-POHSA were likely associated with its inhibition of the activation of the NF-kB. These results suggest that 9-POHSA has potential as a therapy for liver inflammation and fibrosis by attenuating inflammation-related indexes induced by LPS in hepatocytes. This study provides important insight into the mechanisms of liver inflammation and the potential for new treatments to address liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Hasegawa Situmorang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center for Biomedical Research, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Loh
- Department of Family Medicine and Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center for Aging and Health, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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12
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Loh CH, Kuo WW, Lin SZ, Shih CY, Lin PY, Situmorang JH, Huang CY. PKC-δ-dependent mitochondrial ROS attenuation is involved as 9-OAHSA combats lipoapotosis in rat hepatocytes induced by palmitic acid and in Syrian hamsters induced by high-fat high-cholesterol high-fructose diet. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 470:116557. [PMID: 37207915 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a global concern, often undetected until reaching an advanced stage. Palmitic acid (PA) is a type of fatty acid that increases and leads to liver apoptosis in MAFLD. However, there is currently no approved therapy or compound for MAFLD. Recently, branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), a group of bioactive lipids, have emerged as promising agents to treat associated metabolic diseases. This study utilizes one type of FAHFA, oleic acid ester of 9-hydroxystearic acid (9-OAHSA), to treat PA-induced lipoapoptosis in an in vitro MAFLD model using rat hepatocytes and a high-fat high-cholesterol high-fructose (HFHCHFruc) diet in Syrian hamsters. The results indicate that 9-OAHSA rescues hepatocytes from PA-induced apoptosis and attenuates lipoapoptosis and dyslipidemia in Syrian hamsters. Additionally, 9-OAHSA decreases the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mito-ROS) and stabilizes the mitochondrial membrane potential in hepatocytes. The study also demonstrates that the effect of 9-OAHSA on mito-ROS generation is at least partially mediated by PKC-δ signaling. These findings suggest that 9-OAHSA shows promise as a therapy for MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hui Loh
- Department of Family Medicine and Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Center for Aging and Health, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jiro Hasegawa Situmorang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Center for Biomedical Research, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia.
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan.
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13
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Lu CY, Kuo CH, Kuo WW, Hsieh DJY, Wang TF, Shih CY, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Ho TJ, Huang CY. Ohwia caudata extract relieves the IL-17A-induced inflammatory response of synoviocytes through modulation of SOCS3 and JAK2/STAT3 activation. Environ Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 37163279 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes accumulation, proliferation and activation, and the subsequent inflammatory mediators production play a key role in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is well established that Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) signaling triggers inflammation, and induces cytokine levels in RA. Ohwia caudata have long been used against many disorders. However, in RA, the effects of O. caudata have not been elucidated. In the current study, synoviocytes were used to evaluate the suppressive effects of O. caudate extract (OCE) on the pro-inflammatory cytokines production. In vitro, the underlying mechanisms by which OCE inhibits inflammatory response through regulation of suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and JAK2/STAT3 expression in IL-17A-treated HIG-82 synoviocytes were investigated. The results demonstrated that the proliferation of IL-17A-challenged cells were increased in comparison with non-stimulated control cells. The synoviocyte proliferation was decreased significantly of OCE concentrations in dose dependent manner. The p-JAK2, p-STAT3, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were reduced in IL-17A-challenged cells treated with OCE. Furthermore, AZD1480 (a JAK2-specific inhibitor) or WP1066 (a STAT3-specific inhibitor) affected the inflammatory mediators production in IL-17A-challenged synoviocytes, and OCE failed to mitigate the IL-17A-induced inflammatory mediators and SOCS3, acting as a feedback inhibitor of the JAK/STAT3 pathway, in the presence of SOCS3 siRNA, indicating that the beneficial effects of OCE on the regulation of inflammatory response homeostasis were dependent on SOCS3 and the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Our study also showed that SOCS3 was markedly activated by OCE in RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes, thereby decreasing the JAK/STAT3 pathway, and the IL-1β, and IL-6 activation. Thus, O. caudate should be further investigated as a candidate anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-You Lu
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Fu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration of Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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14
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Chiang CY, Lin YJ, Weng WT, Lin HD, Lu CY, Chen WJ, Shih CY, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Ho TJ, Shibu MA, Huang CY. Recuperative herbal formula Jing Si maintains vasculature permeability balance, regulates inflammation and assuages concomitants of "Long-Covid". Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114752. [PMID: 37116351 PMCID: PMC10130602 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide health threat that has long-term effects on the patients and there is currently no efficient cure prescribed for the treatment and the prolonging effects. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported to exert therapeutic effect against COVID-19. In this study, the therapeutic effects of Jing Si herbal tea (JSHT) against COVID-19 infection and associated long-term effects were evaluated in different in vitro and in vivo models. The anti-inflammatory effects of JSHT were studied in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and in Omicron pseudotyped virus-induced acute lung injury model. The effect of JSHT on cellular stress was determined in HK-2 proximal tubular cells and H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. The therapeutic benefits of JSHT on anhedonia and depression symptoms associated with long COVID were evaluated in mice models for unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). JSHT inhibited the NF-ƙB activities, and significantly reduced LPS-induced expression of TNFα, COX-2, NLRP3 inflammasome, and HMGB1. JSHT was also found to significantly suppress the production of NO by reducing iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Further, the protective effects of JSHT on lung tissue were confirmed based on mitigation of lung injury, repression in TMRRSS2 and HMGB-1 expression and reduction of cytokine storm in the Omicron pseudotyped virus-induced acute lung injury model. JSHT treatment in UCMS models also relieved chronic stress and combated depression symptoms. The results therefore show that JSHT attenuates the cytokine storm by repressing NF-κB cascades and provides the protective functions against symptoms associated with long COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yi Chiang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsan Weng
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Dao Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-You Lu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Jing Chen
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Yen Shih
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation Hospital, Hualien 97002, Tawian
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation Hospital, Hualien 97002, Tawian; Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; School of Post-Baccalaure-ate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004,Taiwan; Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, HualienTzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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15
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Lin HD, Lee YC, Chiang CY, Lin YJ, Shih CY, Tsai RK, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Ho TJ, Huang CY. Protective effects of Scoparia dulcis L. extract on high glucose-induced injury in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1085248. [PMID: 37139437 PMCID: PMC10150881 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1085248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of vision loss in diabetic patients. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and the accumulation of inflammatory factors result in blood-retinal barrier dysfunction and the pathogenesis of DR. Scoparia dulcis L. extract (SDE), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been recently recognized for its various pharmacological effects, including anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative activities. However, there is no relevant research on the protective effect of SDE in DR. In this study, we treated high glucose (50 mM) in human retinal epithelial cells (ARPE-19) with different concentrations of SDE and analyzed cell viability, apoptosis, and ROS production. Moreover, we analyzed the expression of Akt, Nrf2, catalase, and HO-1, which showed that SDE dose-dependently reduced ROS production and attenuated ARPE-19 cell apoptosis in a high-glucose environment. Briefly, we demonstrated that SDE exhibited an anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory ability in protecting retinal cells from high-glucose (HG) treatment. Moreover, we also investigated the involvement of the Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in SDE-mediated protective effects. The results suggest SDE as a nutritional supplement that could benefit patients with DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Dao Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chieh Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Chiang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Yen Shih
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Kung Tsai
- Institute of Eye Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Taiwan Buddhist Tzu-Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Tsung-Jung Ho, ; Chih-Yang Huang,
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Tsung-Jung Ho, ; Chih-Yang Huang,
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Su SH, Sundhar N, Kuo WW, Lai SC, Kuo CH, Ho TJ, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Shih CY, Lin YJ, Huang CY. Artemisia argyi extract induces apoptosis in human gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells via the PI3K/MAPK signaling pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 299:115658. [PMID: 36075273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Artemisia argyi H. Lév. & Vaniot (Asteraceae), also called "Chinese mugwort", is frequently used as a herbal medicine in China, Japan, Korea, and eastern parts of Russia. It is known as "ai ye" in China and "Gaiyou" in Japan. In ancient China, the buds and leaves of A. argyi were commonly consumed before and after Tomb-sweeping Day. It is used to treat malaria, hepatitis, cancer, inflammatory diseases, asthma, irregular menstrual cycle, sinusitis, and pathologic conditions of the kidney and liver. Although A. argyi extract (AAE) has shown anti-tumor activity against various cancers, the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of AAE remains to be further studied in lung cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to demonstrate the anti-tumor effect of AAE and its associated biological mechanisms in CL1-0 parent and gemcitabine-resistant (CL1-0-GR) lung cancer cells. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Human lung cancer cells CL1-0 and CL1-0-GR cells were treated with AAE. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT, colony, and spheroid formation assays. Migration, invasion, and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the extent of epithelial- mesenchymal transition (EMT). JC-1 and MitoSOX fluorescent assays were performed to investigate the effect of AAE on mitochondria. Apoptosis was detected using the TUNEL assay and flow cytometry with Annexin V staining. RESULT We found that A. argyi significantly decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis, accompanied by mitochondrial membrane depolarization and increased ROS levels in both parent cells (CL1-0) and gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells (CL1-0-GR). AAE-induced apoptosis is regulated via the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. It also prevents CL1-0 and CL1-0-GR cancer cell invasion, migration, EMT, colony formation, and spheroid formation. In addition, AAE acts cooperative with commercial chemotherapy drugs to enhance tumor spheroid shrinkage. CONCLUSION Our study provides the first evidence that A. argyi treatment suppresses both parent and gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells by inducing ROS, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and apoptosis, and reducing EMT. Our finding provides insights into the anti-cancer activity of A. argyi and suggests that A. argyi may serve as a chemotherapy adjuvant that potentiates the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Hua Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Navaneethan Sundhar
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Chih Lai
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Yen Shih
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, 970, Taiwan.
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Li PC, Wang HS, Shibu MA, Wang J, Huang SH, Wang JH, Wang JH, Huang CY, Chiang CY, Lin YJ, Ho TJ, Lin SZ, Chung HC, Yu HY, Su SH, Chou YF, Tai CH, Ding DC, Shih CY. Clinical course of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection co-treatment with Jin Si Herbal Tea in Eastern Taiwan: A retrospective cohort study. J Herb Med 2022; 36:100610. [PMID: 36341465 PMCID: PMC9616512 DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 608 million people and has killed 6.5 million people in the world. A few studies showed traditional Chinese medicine can be beneficial for COVID-19 treatment. An herbal preparation Jin Si Herbal Tea (JS) was formulated with herbal extracts known for their potential to decrease spike protein and ACE2 interaction, 3CL, and TRPMSS2 protease activity, and thus aimed to evaluate the clinical course of JS co-treatment along with the usual treatment schedule given for severe COVID-19 patients. Methods This retrospective cohort study included patients with severe COVID-19 admitted to Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital between June and July 2021. All the patients were co-treated with JS and the primary outcome was death. The secondary outcomes included laboratory exam, Ct value, clinical course, and hospital stays. There were 10 patients recruited in this study and divided into < 70 years and ≧ 70 years groups (n = 5 in each group). Results Older patients (≧70 years) had a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index, VACO index, and lower hemoglobin levels than < 70 years patients. The trend of lymphocyte count, LDH, D-dimer, and Ct value of non-survivors was not consistent with previous studies. The death rate was 20% and the recovery rate to mild illness in 14 days was 40%. Conclusion In conclusion, this is the first clinical study of JS co-treatment in severe COVID-19 patients. JS co-treatment might reduce death rate and recovery time. Further large-scale clinical trials would be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Sheng Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Jhen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shiau-Huei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Hung Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Division of Cardiology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan,Graduate Institute of Biomedical sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan,Center of General Education, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Chiang
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan,,Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Chung
- Department of Nursing, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Yu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - San-Hua Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fang Chou
- Department of Nursing, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Tai
- Department of Nursing, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Correspondence to: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation, Tzu Chi University, No. 707, Chung-Yang Rd., Section 3, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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Wu SF, Lin CY, Tsai RK, Wen YT, Lin FH, Chang CY, Shen CI, Lin SZ, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Liu CS, Chen YT, Su HL. Mitochondrial Transplantation Moderately Ameliorates Retinal Degeneration in Royal College of Surgeons Rats. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2883. [PMID: 36359403 PMCID: PMC9687640 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells possess high mitochondria content for energy production, which is required for phagocytosis and vision cycle metabolism. The mitochondrial integrity in RPE cells helps the homeostasis of photoreceptor turnover and prevents retina aging and degeneration. Mitochondrial transplantation benefits the recovery of several acute inflammatory diseases, leading us to investigate the effects of mitochondrial transplantation on retina degeneration. Allogeneic mitochondria were isolated and delivered into the vitreous chamber in the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats, which exhibit inherited and early-onset retina degeneration. The progress of retina degeneration was examined with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual evoked potential (VEP) to determine the retina thickness and integrity of afferent electrical signals from affected eyes, respectively. We found that mitochondria engraftment moderately attenuated the degeneration of retinal layers in RCS rats by histological examination. This result was consistent with the OCT measurement of retina thickness around the optic disc. The VEP analysis revealed that the peak one (N1) latency, representing the arriving time of electrical impulse from the retina to cortex, was substantially maintained as the normal value after the mitochondrial transplantation. This result suggests that the intra-vitreous transplanted mitochondria ameliorate the degeneration of photoreceptors in RCS rats and might be potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Fang Wu
- The Joint Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Health Research Institutes and National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Kung Tsai
- Institute of Eye Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tseng Wen
- Institute of Eye Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chang
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Ching-I Shen
- Duogenic Stem Cells Corporation, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Departments of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ting Chen
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Su
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Chiang CY, Kuo WW, Lin YJ, Kuo CH, Shih CY, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Ho TJ, Huang CY, Shibu MA. Combined effect of traditional Chinese herbal-based formulations Jing Si herbal tea and Jing Si nasal drop inhibits adhesion and transmission of SARS-CoV2 in diabetic SKH-1 mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:953438. [PMID: 36425575 PMCID: PMC9681529 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.953438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple studies show increased severity of SARS-CoV2-infection in patients with comorbidities such as hypertension and diabetes. In this study, we have prepared two herbal-based formulations, a pleiotropic herbal drink (Jin Si Herbal Tea, JHT) and a nasal drop (Jin Si nasal drop, JND), to provide preventive care against SARS-CoV2 infection. The effect of JHT and JND was determined in SARS-CoV2-S-pseudotyped lentivirus-infected bronchial and colorectal cell lines and in SKH-1 mouse models. For preliminary studies, ACE2 receptor abundant bronchial (Calu-3) and colorectal cells (Caco-2) were used to determine the effect of JHT and JND on the host entry of various variants of SARS-CoV2-S-pseudotyped lentivirus. A series of experiments were performed to understand the infection rate in SKH-1 mice (6 weeks old, n = 9), find the effective dosage of JHT and JND, and determine the combination effect of JHT and JND on the entry and adhesion of various variant SARS-CoV2-S-pseudotyped lentiviruses, which included highly transmissible delta and gamma mutants. Furthermore, the effect of combined JHT and JND was determined on diabetes-induced SKH-1 mice against the comorbidity-associated intense viral entry and accumulation. In addition, the effect of combined JHT and JND administration on viral transmission from infected SKH-1 mice to uninfected cage mate mice was determined. The results showed that both JHT and JND were effective in alleviating the viral entry and accumulation in the thorax and the abdominal area. While JHT showed a dose-dependent decrease in the viral load, JND showed early inhibition of viral entry from day 1 of the infection. Combined administration of 48.66 mg of JHT and 20 µL of JND showed rapid reduction in the viral entry and reduced the viral load (97-99%) in the infected mice within 3 days of treatment. Moreover, 16.22 mg of JHT and 20 µL JND reduced the viral infection in STZ-induced diabetic SKH-1 mice. Interestingly, combined JHT and JND also inhibited viral transmission among cage mates. The results, therefore, showed that combined administration of JHT and JND is a novel and an efficient strategy to potentially prevent SARS-CoV2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yi Chiang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Jing Si Herbal Research and Application Center, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Lin
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Jing Si Herbal Research and Application Center, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Shih
- Jing Si Herbal Research and Application Center, Hualien, Taiwan
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Jing Si Herbal Research and Application Center, Hualien, Taiwan
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Jing Si Herbal Research and Application Center, Hualien, Taiwan
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Jing Si Herbal Research and Application Center, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Jing Si Herbal Research and Application Center, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Jing Si Herbal Research and Application Center, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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Chen JK, Kuo CH, Kuo WW, Day CH, Wang TF, Ho TJ, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Shih TC, Shih CY, Huang CY, Lu CY. Artemisia argyi extract ameliorates IL-17A-induced inflammatory response by regulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 expression in HIG-82 synoviocytes. Environ Toxicol 2022; 37:2793-2803. [PMID: 35959841 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disease that results in joint destruction and disability in the adult population. RA is characterized by the accumulation and proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Many pro-inflammatory mediators are associated with RA, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Furthermore, IL-17 upregulates the production of other pro-inflammatory mediators, including IL-1β and IL-6, and promotes the recruitment of neutrophils in RA. Artemisia argyi, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is used for the treatment of diseases associated with inflammation and microbial infections. In this study, synoviocytes (HIG-82) were treated with varying doses of A. argyi extract (AAE) following IL-17A stimulation. Proliferation of the IL-17A-stimulated cells was increased compared to that of the non-stimulated control cells. However, cell proliferation decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner following AAE treatment. Treatment of IL-17A-stimulated cells with AAE resulted in decreased levels of phosphorylated (p)-NF-κB, p-IκB-α, and COX-2. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed that IL-1β and IL-6 levels were increased in the IL-17A-stimulated group but decreased in the AAE treatment group. Additionally, we found that AAE facilitated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and promoted its nuclear translocation, thereby inducing the expression of heme oxygenase-1. Moreover, AAE did not attenuate IL-17A-induced inflammatory mediator production in the presence of ML385, an Nrf2-specific inhibitor. These results suggest that the downregulation of expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the transcription factor NF-κB by AAE may be a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing inflammation associated with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhong-Kuei Chen
- Integration of Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Tso-Fu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration of Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Shih
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-You Lu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Fu RH, Tsai CW, Liu SP, Chiu SC, Chen YC, Chiang YT, Kuo YH, Shyu WC, Lin SZ. Neuroprotective Capability of Narcissoside in 6-OHDA-Exposed Parkinson's Disease Models through Enhancing the MiR200a/Nrf-2/GSH Axis and Mediating MAPK/Akt Associated Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2089. [PMID: 36358461 PMCID: PMC9686521 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the antioxidant potential of narcissoside from Sambucus nigra flowers (elderflowers) in Parkinson's disease models in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that narcissoside lessened the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. In the 6-OHDA-exposed Caenorhabditis elegans model, narcissoside reduced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and ROS generation, and also improved dopamine-related food-sensitive behavior and shortened lifespan. Moreover, NCS increased total glutathione (GSH) by increasing the expression of the catalytic subunit and modifier subunit of γ-glutamylcysteine ligase in cells and nematodes. Treatment with a GSH inhibitor partially abolished the anti-apoptotic ability of narcissoside. Furthermore, narcissoside diminished the 6-OHDA-induced phosphorylation of JNK and p38, while rising activities of ERK and Akt in resisting apoptosis. The antioxidant response element (ARE)-luciferase reporter activity analysis and electromobility gel shift assay showed that narcissoside promotes the transcriptional activity mediated by Nrf2. Finally, we found that narcissoside augmented the expression of miR200a, a translational inhibitor of the Nrf2 repressor protein Keap1. Downregulation of Nrf2 and miR200a by RNAi and anti-miR200a, respectively, reversed the neuroprotective ability of narcissoside. In summary, narcissoside can enhance the miR200a/Nrf2/GSH antioxidant pathway, alleviate 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, and has the neuroprotective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chih Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hua Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
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22
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Wu LK, Agarwal S, Kuo CH, Kung YL, Day CH, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Hsieh DJY, Huang CY, Chiang CY. Artemisia Leaf Extract protects against neuron toxicity by TRPML1 activation and promoting autophagy/mitophagy clearance in both in vitro and in vivo models of MPP+/MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease. Phytomedicine 2022; 104:154250. [PMID: 35752074 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Cellular clearance mechanisms, including the autophagy-lysosome pathway, are commonly affected in the pathogenesis of PD. The lysosomal Ca2+ channel mucolipin TRP channel 1 (TRPML1) is one of the most important proteins involved in the regulation of autophagy. Artemisia argyi Lev. et Vant., is a traditional Chinese herb, that has diverse therapeutic properties and is used to treat patients with skin diseases and oral ulcers. However, the neuroprotective effects of A. argyi are not explored yet. HYPOTHESIS This study aims is to investigate the neuroprotective effects of A. argyi in promoting the TRPML1-mediated autophagy/mitophagy-enhancing effect METHODS: In this study, we used 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+)-induced PD model established in an SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line as well as in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-pyridine (MPTP)-induced PD model in C57BL/6 J mice. MTT assay was conducted to measure the cell viability and further MitoSoX and DCFDA assay were used to measure the ROS. Western blot analysis was used to access levels of TRPML1, p-DRP1 (ser616), p-AKT, PI3K, and β-catenin, Additionally, IF and IHC analysis to investigate the expression of TRPML1, LC3B, β-catenin, TH+, α-synuclein. Mitotracker stain was used to check mitophagy levels and a lysosomal intracellular activity kit was used to measure the lysosomal dysfunction. Behavioral studies were conducted by rotarod and grip strength experiments to check motor functions. RESULTS In our in vitro study, A. argyi rescued the MPP+-induced loss of cell viability and reduced the accumulation of mitochondrial and total reactive oxygen species (ROS). Subsequently, it increased the expression of TRPML1 protein, thereby inducing autophagy, which facilitated the clearance of toxic accumulation of α-synuclein. Furthermore, A. argyi played a neuroprotective role by activating the PI3K/AKT/β-catenin cell survival pathway. MPP+-mediated mitochondrial damage was overcome by upregulation of mitophagy and downregulation of the mitochondrial fission regulator p-DRP1 (ser616) in SH-SY5Y cells. In the in vivo study, A. argyi ameliorated impaired motor function and rescued TH+ neurons in the SNpc region. Similar to the results of the in vitro study, TRPML1, LC3B, and β-catenin expression was enhanced in the SNpc region in the A. argyi-treated mice brain. CONCLUSION Thus, our results first demonstrate that A. argyi can exert neuroprotective effects by stimulating TRPML1 and rescuing neuronal cells by boosting autophagy/mitophagy and upregulating a survival pathway, suggesting that A. argyi can further be exploited to slow the progression of PD.
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MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/metabolism
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/pharmacology
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/therapeutic use
- 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/toxicity
- Animals
- Artemisia
- Autophagy
- Dopaminergic Neurons
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mitophagy
- Neuroblastoma/drug therapy
- Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology
- Neuroprotective Agents/therapeutic use
- Parkinson Disease/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Transient Receptor Potential Channels/metabolism
- alpha-Synuclein/metabolism
- beta Catenin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Kung Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Surbhi Agarwal
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lun Kung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Charity Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Yi Chiang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
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Chen JK, Tsai WT, Lin SZ, Wang SH, Wang GC, Wang TC, Chen HP, Ho TJ. Using radial pulse wave as hemodynamic measurements to quantify effects of acupuncture therapy for patients with traumatic brain injury and ischemia stroke. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 12:594-598. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Kuo YH, Hung HS, Tsai CW, Chiu SC, Liu SP, Chiang YT, Shyu WC, Lin SZ, Fu RH. A Novel Splice Variant of BCAS1 Inhibits β-Arrestin 2 to Promote the Proliferation and Migration of Glioblastoma Cells, and This Effect Was Blocked by Maackiain. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163890. [PMID: 36010884 PMCID: PMC9405932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-enriched myelin-associated protein 1 (BCAS1) is frequently highly expressed in human cancer, but its detailed function is unclear. Here, we identified a novel splice variant of the BCAS1 gene in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) named BCAS1-SV1. The expression of BCAS1-SV1 was weak in heathy brain cells but high in GBM cell lines. The overexpression of BCAS1-SV1 significantly increased the proliferation and migration of GBM cells, whereas the RNA-interference-mediated knockdown of BCAS1-SV1 reduced proliferation and migration. Moreover, using a yeast-two hybrid assay, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence staining, we confirmed that β-arrestin 2 is an interaction partner of BCAS1-SV1 but not BCAS1. The downregulation of β-arrestin 2 directly enhanced the malignancy of GBM and abrogated the effects of BCAS1-SV1 on GBM cells. Finally, we used a yeast two-hybrid-based growth assay to identify that maackiain (MK) is a potential inhibitor of the interaction between BCAS1-SV1 and β-arrestin 2. MK treatment lessened the proliferation and migration of GBM cells and prolonged the lifespan of tumor-bearing mice in subcutaneous xenograft and intracranial U87-luc xenograft models. This study provides the first evidence that the gain-of-function BCAS1-SV1 splice variant promotes the development of GBM by suppressing the β-arrestin 2 pathway and opens up a new therapeutic perspective in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hua Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chih Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-422052121-7826
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Ho TJ, Goswami D, Kuo WW, Kuo CH, Yen SC, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Hsieh DJY, Shibu MA, Huang CY. Artemisia argyi exhibits anti-aging effects through decreasing the senescence in aging stem cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:6187-6201. [PMID: 35951373 PMCID: PMC9417221 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by functional loss of many cellular pathways, creating an increased risk of many age-related complications (ARC). Aging causes stem cell exhaustion with a concomitant increase in cellular dysfunction. Recently, interest in senotherapeutics has been growing rapidly to promote healthy aging and as an intervention for ARCs. This research focused on screening the senomorphic properties of Artemisia argyi, as an emerging strategy for longevity, and prevention or treatment of ARCs. In this study, we aimed to find the clinical efficacy of daily consumption of Artemisia argyi water extract (AAW) on aging. In vitro 0.1μM Doxorubicin induced senescent human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells was treated with different concentrations of AAW to show its anti-aging effect. 15 months old SHR rats (n=6) were treated with 7.9 mg/ml AAW for 4 weeks and anti-aging effect was evaluated. In vitro study showed the protective effect of AAW in telomere shortening and helps in maintaining a balance in the expression of anti-aging protein Klotho and TERT. AAW effectively reduced mitochondrial superoxide and also provided a protective shield against senescence markers like over-expression of p21 and formation of double strand breaks, which is known to cause premature aging. Moreover, animal studies indicated that AAW promoted the expression of Klotho in naturally aging rats. In addition, AAW successfully restored the decline cardiac function and improved the grip strength and memory of aging rat. These findings showed that therapeutic targeting of senescent stem cells by AAW restored stem cell homeostasis and improves overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan.,Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Debakshee Goswami
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Kuo
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Shih Cheng Yen
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.,Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 970, Taiwan
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Mekonnen TW, Darge HF, Tsai HC, Birhan YS, Hanurry EY, Gebrie HT, Chou HY, Lai JY, Lin SZ, Harn HJ, Chen YS. Combination of ovalbumin-coated iron oxide nanoparticles and poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-cisplatin nanocomplex for enhanced anticancer efficacy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112391. [PMID: 35158218 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enhancement of drug efficacy is essential in cancer treatment. The immune stimulator ovalbumin (Ova)-coated citric acid (AC-)-stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (AC-IO-Ova NPs) and enhanced permeability and retention (EPR)-based tumor targeted 4.5 generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimer(4.5GDP)-cisplatin (Cis-pt) nanocomplex (NC) (4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC) were used for enhanced anticancer efficiency. The formations of 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC, AC-IO, and AC-IO-Ova NPs were examined via FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The conjugation of Cis-pt with 4.5GDP was confirmed using carbon NMR spectroscopy. The tumor-specific 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC provided 45%and 28% cumulative cisplatin release in 72 h at pH 6.5 and 7.4, respectively. A significant immune response with high TNF-α and IL-6 cytokine secretion was confirmed for the co-incubation of AC-IO-Ova with RAW 264.7 or HaCaT cells. AC-IO-Ova NPs were biocompatible with different cell lines, even at a high concentration (200 µg mL-1). However, AC-IO-Ova NPs mixed with 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC (Cis-pt at 15 µg mL-1) significantly increased the cytotoxicity against the cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner with the increasing AC-IO-Ova NPs concentrations. The increased anticancer effects may be attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, AC-IO-Ova NPs might assist the efficiency of anticancer cells, inducing an innate immune response via M1 macrophage polarization. We provide a novel synergistic chemoimmunotherapeutic strategy to enhance the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin via a chemotherapeutic agent 4.5GDP-Cis-pt NC and induce proinflammatory cytokines stimulating innate immunity through AC-IO-Ova NPs against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tefera Worku Mekonnen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Haile Fentahun Darge
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yihenew Simegniew Birhan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Endiries Yibru Hanurry
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hailemichael Tegenu Gebrie
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Ying Chou
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Materials Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Shuan Chen
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC; Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC.
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Yeh SHH, Tsai CJ, Yu TH, Chiang YH, Lin SZ, Peng NJ, Huang WS. 99mTc-TRODAT-1 SPECT Revealed That Striatal Dopamine Transport Availability Significantly Decreases in Late Mid-Aged Healthy Taiwanese and Then Remains Stable. Clin Nucl Med 2022; 47:201-208. [PMID: 35081059 PMCID: PMC8820763 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000004063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neuroimaging studies in the past 20 years have documented an age-related decline in striatal dopamine transporters (DATs), which is a marker of dopaminergic neurodegeneration; however, concerns about ethnic variations in the decline in DAT with age have not been addressed. The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of striatal DAT loss in healthy Taiwanese adults using kit-based 99mTc-TRODAT-1, a radioligand for DAT SPECT. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty healthy subjects (mean age ± SD, 63 ± 12 years; range, 30-80 years) were studied. 99mTc-TRODAT-1 was prepared from a lyophilized kit. Brain DAT SPECT imaging was acquired between 165 and 195 minutes postinjection (~740 MBq or 20 mCi) using a dual-head camera equipped with fan-beam collimators (Helix SPX; GE). Specific uptake in the striatum (ST), caudate nucleus (CA), and putamen (PU) were calculated from reconstructed transaxial slices at the level of maximal striatal activity. Occipital cortices were used as reference areas. Data were presented as specific binding ratios. RESULTS Age had a significant moderate to large negative effect on striatal DAT, which declined by -25.7% ± 6.10% between the ages of 30 and 80 years, equivalent to 6.4% loss per decade. The rates of decline in the CA and PU were 6.9% and 7.3% per decade, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests ethnic variations may not significantly affect the age-related decline in DAT. The data generated in this study could also be used as a reference to estimate DAT loss/occupancy in patients with DAT-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skye Hsin-Hsien Yeh
- From the Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chaio Tung University
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center
| | - Chi-Jung Tsai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital
| | - Tsung-Hsun Yu
- From the Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chaio Tung University
| | | | | | - Nan-Jing Peng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sheng Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital
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Shibu MA, Lin YJ, Chiang CY, Lu CY, Goswami D, Sundhar N, Agarwal S, Islam MN, Lin PY, Lin SZ, Ho TJ, Tsai WT, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Novel anti-aging herbal formulation Jing Si displays pleiotropic effects against aging associated disorders. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 146:112427. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Liang RY, Zhang KL, Chuang MH, Lin FH, Chen TC, Lin JN, Liang YJ, Li YA, Chen CH, Wong PLJ, Lin SZ, Lin PC. A One-Step, Monolayer Culture and Chemical-Based Approach to Generate Insulin-Producing Cells From Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Mitigate Hyperglycemia in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221106995. [PMID: 36002988 PMCID: PMC9421045 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221106995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The global population of individuals afflicted with diabetes mellitus has been increasing year by year, and this disease poses a serious threat to human health as well as the economies worldwide. Pancreatic or islet transplantations provide one of the most effective and long-term therapies available to treat diabetes, but the scarcity and quality of pancreatic islets limit their use in treatments. Here, we report the development of a one-step, monolayer culture, and chemical-based protocol that efficiently mediates the differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) into insulin-producing cells (IPCs). Our data indicate that hADSCs in monolayer culture that are allowed to differentiate into IPCs are superior to those in suspension cultures with respect to insulin secretion capacity (213-fold increase), cell viability (93.5 ± 3.27% vs. 41.67 ± 13.17%), and response to glucose stimulation. Moreover, the expression of genes associated with pancreatic lineage specification, such as PDX1, ISL1, and INS (encoding insulin), were expressed at significantly higher levels during our differentiation protocol (6-fold for PDX1 and ISL1, 11.5-fold for INS). Importantly, in vivo studies demonstrated that transplantation with IPCs significantly mitigated hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Our results indicate that this one-step, rapid protocol increases the efficiency of IPC generation and that the chemical-based approach for IPC induction may reduce safety concerns associated with the use of IPCs for clinical applications, thereby providing a safe and effective cell-based treatment for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruei-Yue Liang
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Ruei-Yue Liang, Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Ling Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Ni Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jyun Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Chen
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Peggy Leh Jiunn Wong
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Tsai ST, Tseng PH, Wu LK, Wang YC, Ho TJ, Lin SZ. Diagnosis and treatment for normal pressure hydrocephalus: From biomarkers identification to outcome improvement with combination therapy. Tzu Chi Med J 2022; 34:35-43. [PMID: 35233354 PMCID: PMC8830549 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_275_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Tsai ST, Liao CL, Tseng PH, Huang HY, Chiu TL, Lin SZ. Lumbar-peritoneal shunt for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and secondary normal pressure hydrocephalus. Tzu Chi Med J 2022; 34:323-328. [PMID: 35912046 PMCID: PMC9333098 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_125_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Normal-pressure hydrocephalus is a clinical syndrome consisting of dilated cerebral ventricles with the clinical triad of gait disturbance, cognitive impairment and/or urinary dysfunction. Lumbar-peritoneal (LP) shunt could improve idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) while its effectiveness on secondary NPH (sNPH) is elusive. We compared the clinical results of the patients who received LP shunt surgery between iNPH and sNPH. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the patients who received LP shunt surgery in a single center from January 1, 2017, to June 30, 2017. Patients selected for LP shunt placement had at least two of three cardinal symptoms of iNPH. The symptoms should persist for more than 3 months with compatible brain magnetic resonance imaging findings. All patients were followed up with iNPH grading scale (iNPHGS) and Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) for evaluation. Results: Thirty-three patients (23 male and 10 female patients) with mean age 76-year-old completed follow-up in this study, and 17 patients received lumbar drainage tests and intracranial pressure measurements. Both iNPH (n = 22) and sNPH (n = 11) groups did not have major complications such as infection, nerve root injury, or shunt failure. Both groups have significant improvement in iNPHGS and MRS. Interestingly, we found the correlation between both opening intracranial pressure and pressure gradient difference to the improvement percentage from LP shunt. Conclusion: The safety and effectiveness for sNPH patients who received LP shunt placement are equivalent to the iNPH patients. Lumbar drainage test provides prerequisite outcome prediction and should be considered to identify NPH patients planned to receive LP shunt.
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Lee TK, Lu CY, Tsai ST, Tseng PH, Lin YC, Lin SZ, Wang JC, Huang CY, Chiu TL. Complete Restoration of Motor Function in Acute Cerebral Stroke Treated with Allogeneic Human Umbilical Cord Blood Monocytes: Preliminary Results of a phase I Clinical Trial. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211067447. [PMID: 34939863 PMCID: PMC8728774 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211067447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has been explored for the treatment of cerebral stroke. Several types of stem cells have been investigated to ensure the safety and efficacy in clinical trials.Cryopreserved umbilical cord blood (UCB) mononuclear cells (MNCs) obtained from healthy donors have a more stabilized quality, thereby ensuring a successful therapy. A phase I study was conducted on patients aged 45-80 years who sustained acute ischemic stroke. An UCB unit was obtained from a public cord blood bank based on ABO/Rh blood type, HLA matching score (6/6), and cell dose (total MNC count of 0.5-5 × 107 cells/kg). In addition, to facilitate blood brain barrier penetration of UCB, 4 doses of 100 mL mannitol was administered intravenously after 30 min after UCB transplantation and every 4 h thereafter. The primary outcomes were the number of disease (GVHD) within 100 days after transfusion. The secondary outcomes were changes in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Barthel index, and Berg Balance Scale scores. A 46-year-old male patient with identical ABO/Rh blood type, HLA matching score of 6/6, and MNC count of 2.63 × 108 cells/kg was enrolled. The patient did not present with serious AEs or GVHD during the 12-month study period. The patient's NIHSS score decreased from 9 to 1. Moreover, the Berg Balance Scale score increased from 0 to 48 and the Barthel index score from 0 to 90. This preliminary study showed that an adult patient with hemiplegia due to ischemic stroke completely recovered within 12 months after receiving allogeneic UCB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Kuo Lee
- Department of Neurosurgical Unit, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien
| | - Cheng-You Lu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien
| | - Sheng-Tzung Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien.,College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien
| | - Pao-Hui Tseng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien.,College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien
| | - Yu-Chen Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien.,College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien.,Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung.,Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Tsung-Lang Chiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien.,College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien
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Chang CY, Ting HC, Liu CA, Su HL, Chiou TW, Harn HJ, Lin SZ, Ho TJ. Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Specific Neural Lineages. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211017829. [PMID: 34665040 PMCID: PMC8529300 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211017829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are sources of several somatic cell
types for human developmental studies, in vitro disease modeling, and
cell transplantation therapy. Improving strategies of derivation of
high-purity specific neural and glial lineages from hPSCs is critical
for application to the study and therapy of the nervous system. Here,
we will focus on the principles behind establishment of neuron and
glia differentiation methods according to developmental studies. We
will also highlight the limitations and challenges associated with the
differentiation of several “difficult” neural lineages and delay in
neuronal maturation and functional integration. To overcome these
challenges, we will introduce strategies and novel technologies aimed
at improving the differentiation of various neural lineages to expand
the application potential of hPSCs to the study of the nervous
system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Chang
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Neuroscience Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chien Ting
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ann Liu
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Neuroscience Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Su
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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34
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Ting HC, Yang HI, Harn HJ, Chiu IM, Su HL, Li X, Chen MF, Ho TJ, Liu CA, Tsai YJ, Chiou TW, Lin SZ, Chang CY. Coactivation of GSK3β and IGF-1 Attenuates Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Nerve Fiber Cytopathies in SOD1 Mutant Patient-Derived Motor Neurons. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102773. [PMID: 34685754 PMCID: PMC8535155 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive nervous system disease that causes motor neuron (MN) degeneration and results in patient death within a few years. To recapitulate the cytopathies of ALS patients’ MNs, SOD1G85R mutant and corrected SOD1G85G isogenic-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines were established. Two SOD1 mutant ALS (SOD1G85R and SOD1D90A), two SOD1 mutant corrected (SOD1G85G and SOD1D90D), and one sporadic ALS iPSC lines were directed toward MNs. After receiving ~90% purity for MNs, we first demonstrated that SOD1G85R mutant ALS MNs recapitulated ALS-specific nerve fiber aggregates, similar to SOD1D90A ALS MNs in a previous study. Moreover, we found that both SOD1 mutant MNs showed ALS-specific neurite degenerations and neurotransmitter-induced calcium hyperresponsiveness. In a small compound test using these MNs, we demonstrated that gastrodin, a major ingredient of Gastrodia elata, showed therapeutic effects that decreased nerve fiber cytopathies and reverse neurotransmitter-induced hyperresponsiveness. The therapeutic effects of gastrodin applied not only to SOD1 ALS MNs but also to sporadic ALS MNs and SOD1G93A ALS mice. Moreover, we found that coactivation of the GSK3β and IGF-1 pathways was a mechanism involved in the therapeutic effects of gastrodin. Thus, the coordination of compounds that activate these two mechanisms could reduce nerve fiber cytopathies in SOD1 ALS MNs. Interestingly, the therapeutic role of GSK3β activation on SOD1 ALS MNs in the present study was in contrast to the role previously reported in research using cell line- or transgenic animal-based models. In conclusion, we identified in vitro ALS-specific nerve fiber and neurofunctional markers in MNs, which will be useful for drug screening, and we used an iPSC-based model to reveal novel therapeutic mechanisms (including GSK3β and IGF-1 activation) that may serve as potential targets for ALS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Chien Ting
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-C.T.); (H.-I.Y.); (H.-J.H.); (C.-A.L.); (Y.-J.T.)
| | - Hui-I Yang
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-C.T.); (H.-I.Y.); (H.-J.H.); (C.-A.L.); (Y.-J.T.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-C.T.); (H.-I.Y.); (H.-J.H.); (C.-A.L.); (Y.-J.T.)
- Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Ming Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan;
| | - Hong-Lin Su
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan;
| | - Xiang Li
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Mei-Fang Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
| | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ann Liu
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-C.T.); (H.-I.Y.); (H.-J.H.); (C.-A.L.); (Y.-J.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
- Neuroscience Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Jen Tsai
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-C.T.); (H.-I.Y.); (H.-J.H.); (C.-A.L.); (Y.-J.T.)
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97441, Taiwan;
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-C.T.); (H.-I.Y.); (H.-J.H.); (C.-A.L.); (Y.-J.T.)
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-Z.L.); (C.-Y.C.); Tel.: +886-3-856-1825 (ext. 13201) (S.-Z.L.); +886-3-856-1825 (ext. 12106) (C.-Y.C.)
| | - Chia-Yu Chang
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan; (H.-C.T.); (H.-I.Y.); (H.-J.H.); (C.-A.L.); (Y.-J.T.)
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
- Neuroscience Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-Z.L.); (C.-Y.C.); Tel.: +886-3-856-1825 (ext. 13201) (S.-Z.L.); +886-3-856-1825 (ext. 12106) (C.-Y.C.)
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Chiu TL, Baskaran R, Tsai ST, Huang CY, Chuang MH, Syu WS, Harn HJ, Lin YC, Chen CH, Huang PC, Wang YF, Chuang CH, Lin PC, Lin SZ. Intracerebral transplantation of autologous adipose-derived stem cells for chronic ischemic stroke: A phase I study. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 16:3-13. [PMID: 34644444 DOI: 10.1002/term.3256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Current therapy does not provide significant benefits for patients with chronic stroke. Pre-clinical studies suggested that autologous adipose-derived stem cells have benefits for the treatment of chronic stroke. This Phase I open-label study was conducted to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of autologous adipose-derived stem cells (GXNPC1) in chronic stroke. Three patients with chronic stroke were treated with stereotactic implantation of autologous adipose-derived stem cells (1 × 108 cells). The primary endpoints of safety evaluation included adverse events, over a 6 months post-implantation period. The secondary endpoints included improvements in neurological functions. Evolutional change of brain parenchyma was also followed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All three participants improved significantly at 6 months follow-up. The extent of improvement from pre-treatment was: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale improved 5-15 points, Barthel Index: 25-50 points, Berg balance scale 0-21 points and Fugl-Meyer modified sensation 3-28 points. All three patients had signal change along the implantation tract on MRI one month after surgery. There is no related safety issue through 6 months observation. Clinical measures of neurological symptoms of these patients with chronic stroke improved at 6 months without adverse effects after implantation of autologous adipose-derived stem cells (GXNPC1), which might be correlated with post-implantation changes on brain MRI. Clinical Trial Registration-URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02813512?term=ADSC&cond=Stroke&cntry=TW&draw=2&rank=1 Unique identifier: NCT02813512.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Lang Chiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rathinasamy Baskaran
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Tzung Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wan-Sin Syu
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi foundation; Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chun-Hung Chen
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pi-Chun Huang
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Fen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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Huang LC, Chen LG, Wu PA, Pang CY, Lin SZ, Tsai ST, Chen SY. Effect of deep brain stimulation on brain network and white matter integrity in Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 28:92-104. [PMID: 34643338 PMCID: PMC8673709 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The effects of subthalamic nucleus (STN)‐deep brain stimulation (DBS) on brain topological metrics, functional connectivity (FC), and white matter integrity were studied in levodopa‐treated Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients before and after DBS. Methods Clinical assessment, resting‐state functional MRI (rs‐fMRI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed pre‐ and post‐DBS in 15 PD patients, using a within‐subject design. The rs‐fMRI identified brain network topological metric and FC changes using graph‐theory‐ and seed‐based methods. White matter integrity was determined by DTI and tract‐based spatial statistics. Results Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS‐ III) scores were significantly improved by 35.3% (p < 0.01) after DBS in PD patients, compared with pre‐DBS patients without medication. Post‐DBS PD patients showed a significant decrease in the graph‐theory‐based degree and cost in the middle temporal gyrus and temporo‐occipital part‐Right. Changes in FC were seen in four brain regions, and a decrease in white matter integrity was seen in the left anterior corona radiata. The topological metrics changes were correlated with Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI‐II) and the FC changes with UPDRS‐III scores. Conclusion STN‐DBS modulated graph‐theoretical metrics, FC, and white matter integrity. Brain connectivity changes observed with multi‐modal imaging were also associated with postoperative clinical improvement. These findings suggest that the effects of STN‐DBS are caused by brain network alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chuan Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Li-Guo Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ping-An Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yoong Pang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular and Metabolomics Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Tzung Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Hsu YL, Hung HS, Tsai CW, Liu SP, Chiang YT, Kuo YH, Shyu WC, Lin SZ, Fu RH. Peiminine Reduces ARTS-Mediated Degradation of XIAP by Modulating the PINK1/Parkin Pathway to Ameliorate 6-Hydroxydopamine Toxicity and α-Synuclein Accumulation in Parkinson's Disease Models In Vivo and In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910240. [PMID: 34638579 PMCID: PMC8549710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative disease that can cause motor, cognitive, and behavioral disorders. The treatment strategies being developed are based on the typical pathologic features of PD, including the death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain and the accumulation of α-synuclein in neurons. Peiminine (PMN) is an extract of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq that has antioxidant and anti-neuroinflammatory effects. We used Caenorhabditis elegans and SH-SY5Y cell models of PD to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of PMN and address its corresponding mechanism of action. We found that pretreatment with PMN reduced reactive oxygen species production and DA neuron degeneration caused by exposure to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and therefore significantly improved the DA-mediated food-sensing behavior of 6-OHDA-exposed worms and prolonged their lifespan. PMN also diminished the accumulation of α-synuclein in transgenic worms and transfected cells. In our study of the mechanism of action, we found that PMN lessened ARTS-mediated degradation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) by enhancing the expression of PINK1/parkin. This led to reduced 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis, enhanced activity of the ubiquitin–proteasome system, and increased autophagy, which diminished the accumulation of α-synuclein. The use of small interfering RNA to down-regulate parkin reversed the benefits of PMN in the PD models. Our findings suggest PMN as a candidate compound worthy of further evaluation for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
| | - Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
| | - Yun-Hua Kuo
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 12217, Taiwan;
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Ru-Huei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (Y.-L.H.); (H.-S.H.); (S.-P.L.); (Y.-T.C.); (W.-C.S.)
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-422052121-7826
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Li PC, Yang YC, Wang JH, Lin SZ, Ding DC. Endometriosis Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Asian Women. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4173. [PMID: 34575282 PMCID: PMC8472678 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common systemic chronic inflammatory disease. Inflammation is the key mechanism responsible for the development of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) among Asian women with endometriosis. This retrospective population-based cohort study included patients with endometriosis diagnosed from 2000 to 2012 and registered in the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, Taiwan. The comparison cohort (those without endometriosis) were selected (1:4) by matching the age frequency and the index year. We followed up the patients until the diagnosis of CAD (ICD-9-CM codes: 410-414, A270, and A279), withdrawal from the National Health Insurance system, death, or the end of the study. We used a multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard model for evaluating the risk of CAD. We included 19,454 patients with endometriosis and 77,816 women as a comparison group. The mean age of the women at the diagnosis of endometriosis was 37.4 years. A total of 3245 women developed CAD in both groups during a median follow-up of 7 years. The incidence of CAD was higher in women with endometriosis than in those without (5.96 vs. 4.38 per 10,000 person-years; adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.34 [1.22-1.47]). In conclusion, Asian women with endometriosis had a significantly higher risk of CAD. Further large-scale studies are needed to elucidate the cause-effect relationship between endometriosis and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Cih Yang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hung Wang
- Department of Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
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Chuang MH, Ho LH, Kuo TF, Sheu SY, Liu YH, Lin PC, Tsai YC, Yang CH, Chu CM, Lin SZ. Regenerative Potential of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Releasate Combined with Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Injury Model. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720919438. [PMID: 32538130 PMCID: PMC7586258 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720919438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sciatic nerve injuries, not uncommon in trauma with a limited degree of functional recovery, are considered a persistent clinical, social, and economic problem worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that stem cells can promote the tissue regeneration through various mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of adipose tissue–derived stem cells (ADSCs) and combine with platelet-rich fibrin releasate (PRFr) in the regeneration of sciatic nerve injury in rats. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups, a blade was used to transect the left hindlimb sciatic nerve, and silicon tubes containing one of the following (by injection) were used to bridge the nerve proximal and distal ends (10-mm gap): group 1: untreated controls; group 2: PRFr alone; group 3: ADSCs alone; group 4: PRFr + ADSCs-treated. Walking function was assessed in horizontal rung ladder apparatus to compare the demands of the tasks and test sensitivity at 1-mo interval for a total of 3 mo. The gross inspection and histological examination was performed at 3 mo post transplantation. Overall, PRFr + ADSCs-treated performed better compared with PRFr or ADSCs injections alone. Significant group differences of neurological function were observed in ladder rung walking tests in all treated groups compared to that of untreated controls (P < 0.05). This injection approach may provide a successfully employed technique to target sciatic nerve defects in vivo, and the combined strategy of ADSCs with PRFr appears to have a superior effect on nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Ph.D. Program of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsing Ho
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Tzong-Fu Kuo, Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. Li-Hsing Ho, Department of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, 707, Sec.2, WuFu Rd., Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan. Emails: ;
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hao Liu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Dental Anatomy Division, Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Huan Yang
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Big Data Research Center, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Sheu SY, Hsu YK, Chuang MH, Chu CM, Lin PC, Liao JH, Lin SZ, Kuo TF. Enhanced Bone Formation in Osteoporotic Mice by a Novel Transplant Combined with Adipose-derived Stem Cells and Platelet-rich Fibrin Releasates. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720927398. [PMID: 32648485 PMCID: PMC7563809 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720927398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporotic fracture is the main complication of osteoporosis (OP) and accounts for millions of injuries annually. Local intervention by intra-marrow injection has been a good option for preventing osteoporotic bone loss when the osteoporotic femoral fracture has been treated. In this study, tail vein transplantations were examined to evaluate the cell-based therapeutic approach for treating OP with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and platelet-rich fibrin releasates (PRFr) in an ovariectomized (OVX) mice model. Thirty-six 12-wk-old female ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups: untreated control; sham-operated; OVX-control; OVX-ADSCs; OVX-PRFr; and OVX-ADSCs+PRFr. Starting 8 wk after ovariectomy, the OVX mice received tail vein injections once each week for four consecutive weeks, then were evaluated radiographically and histopathologically 8 wk after the first injection. We also assessed changes to bone trabeculae in the proximal tibial growth plate. In OVX mice treated with ADSCs or PRFr alone, or with a combination of ADSCs and PRFr, the trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume ratios (BV/TV), and numbers (Tb.N) in the proximal tibia areas were significantly higher than that in the OVX-control group. Significant differences between OVX-treated mice and OVX controls were found for trabecular separation, but not for trabecular thickness. These results indicate that ADSCs or PRFr treatment enhances bone microarchitecture in OP. The treatment of bone loss of OVX mice with ADSCs+PRFr induced greater bone consolidation with bone tissue production (P < 0.01) when compared to the others. Thus, we conclude that the transplantation of ADSCs combined with PRFr might provide an alternative strategy for the treatment of various bone disorders in OP with an unlimited source of cells and releasates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Kai Hsu
- Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Ph.D. Program of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hao Liao
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi foundation; Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lee JH, Lin SY, Liu JW, Lin SZ, Harn HJ, Chiou TW. n-Butylidenephthalide Modulates Autophagy to Ameliorate Neuropathological Progress of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 through mTOR Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6339. [PMID: 34199295 PMCID: PMC8231882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), a hereditary and lethal neurodegenerative disease, is attributed to the abnormal accumulation of undegradable polyglutamine (polyQ), which is encoded by mutated ataxin-3 gene (ATXN3). The toxic fragments processed from mutant ATXN3 can induce neuronal death, leading to the muscular incoordination of the human body. Some treatment strategies of SCA3 are preferentially focused on depleting the abnormal aggregates, which led to the discovery of small molecule n-butylidenephthalide (n-BP). n-BP-promoted autophagy protected the loss of Purkinje cell in the cerebellum that regulates the network associated with motor functions. We report that the n-BP treatment may be effective in treating SCA3 disease. n-BP treatment led to the depletion of mutant ATXN3 with the expanded polyQ chain and the toxic fragments resulting in increased metabolic activity and alleviated atrophy of SCA3 murine cerebellum. Furthermore, n-BP treated animal and HEK-293GFP-ATXN3-84Q cell models could consistently show the depletion of aggregates through mTOR inhibition. With its unique mechanism, the two autophagic inhibitors Bafilomycin A1 and wortmannin could halt the n-BP-induced elimination of aggregates. Collectively, n-BP shows promising results for the treatment of SCA3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Hao Lee
- Everfront Biotech Inc., New Taipei City 22180, Taiwan; (J.-H.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (J.-W.L.)
- Department of Life Science, Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien 97447, Taiwan
| | - Si-Yin Lin
- Everfront Biotech Inc., New Taipei City 22180, Taiwan; (J.-H.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (J.-W.L.)
- Department of Life Science, Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien 97447, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Wei Liu
- Everfront Biotech Inc., New Taipei City 22180, Taiwan; (J.-H.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (J.-W.L.)
- Department of Life Science, Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien 97447, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97002, Taiwan;
- Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97002, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science, Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong-Hwa University, Hualien 97447, Taiwan
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Lu KY, Lin SZ, Primus Dass KT, Lin WJ, Liu SP, Harn HJ. 3-N-butylphthalide protects against high-fat-diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice and increases metabolism in lipid-accumulating cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111687. [PMID: 34243611 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the world's largest health problems, and 3-N-butylphthalide (NBP), a bioactive compound in celery, has been used in dieting and weight management programs. In this study, NBP prevented high-fat-diet-induced weight gain, reduced the food efficiency ratio, altered the blood biochemical profile, and reduced the obesity-related index. NBP reduced adiposity, white fat depots, liver weight, and hepatic steatosis in obese mice. NBP ameliorated the diabetic state by decreasing glucose levels and improving glucose and insulin tolerance. NBP increased uncoupling protein-1 expression in white adipose tissue and upregulated thermogenesis by enhancing mitochondrial respiration. NBP inhibited white adipocyte development by prohibiting lipid accumulation in human adipose-derived stem cells. NBP increased free fatty acid uptake and the oxygen consumption rate in beige adipocytes. Our results suggest that NBP could be used as functional natural supplement against obesity and its associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Yun Lu
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
| | | | - Wei-Ju Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Ph. D. Program for Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Center for Translational Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Social Work, Asia University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
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WuLi W, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Lin SZ. Chinese herbs and acupuncture to improve cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease. Tzu Chi Med J 2021; 33:122-127. [PMID: 33912408 PMCID: PMC8059467 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_51_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a variety of causes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which includes the two main approaches of acupuncture and herbal medication, views the human body as a self-controlled system network. Fundamental theories, including "qi," the five elements, and the theory of viscera, form the basis for classification. Diseases in humans are considered to be caused by an imbalance of "yang qi" and "yin qi" that lead to the nonhomeostasis of organs. Acupuncture is derived from 12 main meridians and 365 acupuncture points characterized by "blood and qi." Needling of different positions corresponds to specific disease treatments to increase qi. Treatment with Chinese herbal medicines is based on syndrome differentiation characterized as "Zheng" which differs from the cause orientation approach of Western medicine. In this article, we review basic and clinical research studies that describe TCM herbs and acupuncture for the treatment of AD. Moreover, we propose that these two approaches be integrated to improve the outcomes for AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei WuLi
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Life Sicence, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Sicence, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
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Chiang CH, Chen W, Tsai IJ, Hsu CY, Wang JH, Lin SZ, Ding DC. Diabetes mellitus risk after hysterectomy: A population-based retrospective cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24468. [PMID: 33530258 PMCID: PMC7850756 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We explored whether hysterectomy with or without bilateral oophorectomy was associated with the increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in an East Asian population. This was a retrospective population-based cohort study that analyzed DM risk in Taiwanese women, using a health insurance research database of 1998 to 2013 containing nearly 1 million people. We identified 7088 women aged 30 to 49 years who had undergone hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy. The comparison group included 27,845 women without a hysterectomy who were randomly selected from the population and matched to women in the hysterectomy group by age (exact year) and year of the surgery. DM comorbidities were identified. The incidence and hazard ratios for DM were calculated with Cox proportional hazard regression models. The median ages of patients in the hysterectomy and comparison groups were both approximately 44 years. After a median 7.1 years of follow-up, the incidence of DM was 40% higher in the hysterectomized women as compared with the comparisons (9.12 vs 6.78/1000 person-years, P < .001), with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.37 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23 -1.52). However, the DM risk was not increased in the women with hysterectomy plus oophorectomy (aHR=1.28, 95% CI = 0.93-1.76). Furthermore, among women aged 30 to 39 years, 40 to 49 years, the risk in hysterectomized women was higher than the comparisons (aHR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.27-2.41; aHR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.19-1.49, respectively). Our study provides essential and novel evidence for the association between hysterectomy and DM risk in women aged 30 to 49 years, which is relevant to these women and their physicians. Physicians should be aware of the increased DM risk associated with hysterectomy and take this into consideration when evaluating a patient for a hysterectomy. The current results might help gynecologists prevent DM and encourage diagnostic and preventive interventions in appropriate patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsiang Chiang
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien
| | - Weishan Chen
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - I-Ju Tsai
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Chung Y. Hsu
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | | | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Institute of Medical Sciences
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Yeh YT, Li PC, Wu KC, Yang YC, Chen W, Yip HT, Wang JH, Lin SZ, Ding DC. Hysterectomies are associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and bone fracture: A population-based cohort study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243037. [PMID: 33259542 PMCID: PMC7707488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study investigated the risk of osteoporosis or bone fractures (vertebrae, hip and others) in hysterectomized women in Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective population-based cohort study from 2000 to 2013. Women aged ≥30 years who underwent hysterectomy between 2000 and 2012 were included in this study. The comparison group was randomly selected from the database with a 1:4 matching with age and index year. Incidence rate and hazard ratios of osteoporosis and bone fracture between hysterectomized women and the comparison group were calculated. Cox proportional hazard regressions were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS We identified 9,189 hysterectomized women and 33,942 age-matched women without a hysterectomy. All women were followed for a median time of about 7 years. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of subsequent osteoporosis or bone fracture was higher in the hysterectomy women (2.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.09-2.44) than in the comparison group. In the subgroup analysis, oophorectomy and estrogen therapy increase the risk of osteoporosis or fracture in both groups. Regarding the fracture site, the aHR of vertebral fracture (4.92, 95% CI = 3.78-6.40) was higher in the hysterectomized women than in the comparison group. As follow-up time increasing, the aHR of vertebral fracture in hysterectomized women were 4.33 (95% CI = 2.99-6.28), 3.89 (95% CI = 2.60-5.82) and 5.42 (95% CI = 2.66-11.01) for <5, 5-9 and ≥9 years of follow-up, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we found that hysterectomized women might be associated with increased risks of developing osteoporosis or bone fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ting Yeh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cih Yang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Weishan Chen
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hei-Tung Yip
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hung Wang
- Department of Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Lee TM, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Chuang MH, Chen CH, Chuang CH, Lin PC, Lin SZ. Host pre-conditioning improves human adipose-derived stem cell transplantation in ageing rats after myocardial infarction: Role of NLRP3 inflammasome. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12272-12284. [PMID: 33022900 PMCID: PMC7686984 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional decline of stem cell transplantation in ageing hosts is well documented. The mechanism for this is poorly understood, although it is known that advancing age does not provide an optimal milieu for exogenous stem cells to survive, engraft and differentiate. We showed that n‐butylidenephthalide improved human adipose–derived stem cell (hADSC) engraftment via attenuating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It remained unclear whether pre‐treated hosts with n‐butylidenephthalide can rejuvenate the ageing heart and improve hADSC engraftment by regulating the ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome‐mediated cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction. One hour after coronary ligation, hADSCs were transplanted into the hearts of young and ageing Wistar rats that were pre‐treated with or without n‐butylidenephthalide for 3 days. At day 3 after infarction, myocardial infarction was associated with an increase in ROS levels and NLRP3 inflammasome activity with age. hADSC transplant effectively provided a significant decrease in ROS levels, NLRP3 inflammasome activity, IL‐1β levels and cardiac fibrosis in either young or old infarcted rats. However, the beneficial effects of hADSCs were greater in young compared with old rats in terms of NLRP3 inflammasome activity. The infarcted ageing rats pre‐conditioned by n‐butylidenephthalide improved engraftment and differentiation of hADSCs and additionally attenuated cardiac fibrosis compared with hADSCs alone. The anti‐inflammation effects of n‐butylidenephthalide were reversed by SIN‐1. In conclusions, the increased NLRP3 inflammasome activity plays the pathogenesis of ageing‐related functional hADSC decline in the ageing hosts. n‐butylidenephthalide‐pre‐treated ageing hosts reversibly ameliorate the harsh microenvironments, improve stem cell engraftment and attenuate cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ming Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien City, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien City, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien City, Taiwan
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Harnod T, Chen W, Wang JH, Lin SZ, Ding DC. Association between depression risk and polycystic ovarian syndrome in young women: a retrospective nationwide population-based cohort study (1998-2013). Hum Reprod 2020; 34:1830-1837. [PMID: 31407777 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in women associated with the increasing incidence of depression in an East Asian population? SUMMARY ANSWER Younger PCOS patients (aged 15-29 years), but not middle-aged patients, have an increased risk of depression in Taiwan. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY During reproductive age, 6-10% of women have PCOS. Among them, ~40% experience depression, mostly at young ages. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This is a retrospective population-based cohort study analysing depression risk in Taiwanese women using data from a nationwide database containing 1998-2013 data of nearly 1 million people. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We included 15- to 50-year-old women newly diagnosed with PCOS during 1998-2013 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database as the PCOS cohort (n = 7684) and then randomly matched them 4 : 1 by sex, age and index year with women without PCOS as the comparison cohort (n = 30 736). We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to determine the association between PCOS and depression risk [hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI)]. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The incidence of depression was higher in the PCOS group than in the comparison group (6.67 vs. 4.82 per 1000 person-years; adjusted HR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12-1.46). PCOS patients aged 15-29 years had a significantly higher depression risk (adjusted HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.18-1.65); no such significant association was noted among patients aged 30-39 years and 40-50 years. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION A history of malignancy, which may increase depression, could not be obtained for our study patients. Moreover, we could not obtain a family history of depression, a relevant risk factor for depression. Finally, the database has no records of body mass index, which may influence depression outcome. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS In Taiwan, younger PCOS patients (15-29 years), but not the middle-aged patients, have an increased risk of depression. Our findings provide vital information to patients, clinicians, the Taiwan Government and other developing Asian countries to improve the PCOS treatment strategies in the future. Routine screening for depression in PCOS patients may be implemented into the health practice. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported in part by the Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial Center (MOHW108-TDU-B-212-133 004), China Medical University Hospital, Academia Sinica Stroke Biosignature Project (BM10701010021), MOST Clinical Trial Consortium for Stroke (MOST 107-2321-B-039 -004-), Tseng-Lien Lin Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan and Katsuzo and Kiyo Aoshima Memorial Funds, Japan. No competing interest existed. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomor Harnod
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Weishan Chen
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hung Wang
- Department of Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Lu KY, Primus Dass KT, Tsai SF, Chuang HM, Lin SZ, Liu SP, Harn HJ. Clinical Application Potential of Small Molecules that Induce Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis by Improving Fat Metabolism. Cell Transplant 2020; 29:963689720927394. [PMID: 32854518 PMCID: PMC7563884 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720927394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian fat comprises white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT, respectively). WAT stores energy, whereas BAT is used for thermogenesis. In recent years, the incidence of obesity and its associated disorders have increased tremendously. Considering the thermogenic capacity and decreased levels of BAT with increasing age, BAT can be used as a suitable therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and diabetes. In several studies, using positron emission tomography and computed tomography images, adult humans have been shown to have functional BAT in interscapular fat. Results of these basic research studies on BAT have shed light on the new components of transcriptional regulation and the role of hormones in stimulating BAT growth and differentiation. In this review article, we have summarized the thermogenic regulators identified in the past decades by focusing on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma/uncoupling protein 1 activators, branched-chain amino acids, fatty acids (lipokine), and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase mediators. We have also presented the progress of a few ongoing clinical trials aimed at the treatment of obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. The main purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive introduction to the latest knowledge of the representative thermogenic regulators for the treatment of obesity. The fat combustion capacity of BAT may have great potential and can be considered as a suitable target for the therapeutic application of drugs from bench-to-bed treatment of obesity and the associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Yun Lu
- 505876Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- 505876Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, Taichung, Taiwan
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Li PC, Sung FC, Yang YC, Chen W, Wang JH, Lin SZ, Ding DC. Aspirin associated with a decreased incidence of uterine cancer: A retrospective population-based cohort study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21446. [PMID: 32756162 PMCID: PMC7402752 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin (ASA) exerts an anti-tumor effect via the COX pathway. Clinical studies on the chemopreventive effects of ASA on uterine cancer (UC) remain inconsistent. We used population-based retrospective cohort study to evaluate the UC in ASA users in Taiwanese women. From insurance claims data, we identified 23,342 women received ASA treatment between 2000 and 2010 and a comparison group of same sample size randomly selected from the same database matched by the propensity score. The incidence of UC in the ASA cohort was 10% of that in the comparison group (0.28 vs 2.73 per 10,000 person-years). The Poisson regression analysis estimated adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) was 0.10 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.09-0.11) for ASA users relatives to comparisons after controlling for covariates. The UC incidence in ASA users decreased with age, from 0.61 per 10,000 person-years in the 20 to 39 years old (adjusted IRR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.15-0.29) to 0.21 per 10,000 person-years in the 65 to 80 years old (adjusted IRR = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.12-0.16). The incidence was higher in longer term users. Hormone therapy of estradiol was associated with the increase of UC risk in both cohorts, but less in ASA users than comparisons (1.34 vs 4.75 per 10,000 person-years). This study suggests that ASA use was associated with a decreased risk of UC. Further prospective randomized clinical trials are warranted to confirm the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
- Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University
| | - Yu-Cih Yang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Weishan Chen
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Jen-Hung Wang
- Department of Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien
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Lu KY, Primus Dass KT, Lin SZ, Harn HJ, Liu SP. The application of stem cell therapy and brown adipose tissue transplantation in metabolic disorders. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:521-528. [PMID: 32690364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of brown fat in adult humans has led to increased research of the thermogenic function of this tissue in various metabolic diseases. In addition, high levels of brown fat have been correlated with lower body mass index values. Therefore, increasing brown fat mass and/or activity through methods such as the browning of white fat is considered a promising strategy to prevent and treat obesity-associated diseases. Cell-based approaches using mesenchymal stromal cells and brown adipose tissue (BAT) have been utilized to directly increase BAT mass/activity through cell and tissue implantation into animals. In addition, recent studies evaluating the transplantation of human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have shown promising results in terms of positive metabolic function. In this comprehensive review, we provide a summary of the research over the past 10 years with regard to stem cell therapy and brown fat tissue transplantation for the effective treatment of metabolic syndrome. Recent advancements in stem cell methods have allowed for the production of brown adipocytes from human iPS cells, which represent an unlimited source of cellular material with which to study adipocyte development. In addition, this process is expected to be used to further explore drug- and cell-based therapies to treat obesity-related metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Yun Lu
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Ping Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Center for Translational Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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