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Chuang MH, Ho LH, Kuo TF, Sheu SY, Liu YH, Lin PC, Tsai YC, Yang CH, Chu CM, Lin SZ. Regenerative Potential of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Releasate Combined with Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Injury Model. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720919438. [PMID: 32538130 PMCID: PMC7586258 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720919438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sciatic nerve injuries, not uncommon in trauma with a limited degree of functional recovery, are considered a persistent clinical, social, and economic problem worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that stem cells can promote the tissue regeneration through various mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of adipose tissue–derived stem cells (ADSCs) and combine with platelet-rich fibrin releasate (PRFr) in the regeneration of sciatic nerve injury in rats. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups, a blade was used to transect the left hindlimb sciatic nerve, and silicon tubes containing one of the following (by injection) were used to bridge the nerve proximal and distal ends (10-mm gap): group 1: untreated controls; group 2: PRFr alone; group 3: ADSCs alone; group 4: PRFr + ADSCs-treated. Walking function was assessed in horizontal rung ladder apparatus to compare the demands of the tasks and test sensitivity at 1-mo interval for a total of 3 mo. The gross inspection and histological examination was performed at 3 mo post transplantation. Overall, PRFr + ADSCs-treated performed better compared with PRFr or ADSCs injections alone. Significant group differences of neurological function were observed in ladder rung walking tests in all treated groups compared to that of untreated controls (P < 0.05). This injection approach may provide a successfully employed technique to target sciatic nerve defects in vivo, and the combined strategy of ADSCs with PRFr appears to have a superior effect on nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Ph.D. Program of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsing Ho
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Tzong-Fu Kuo, Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan. Li-Hsing Ho, Department of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, 707, Sec.2, WuFu Rd., Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan. Emails: ;
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hao Liu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Dental Anatomy Division, Department of Oral Science, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Huan Yang
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Big Data Research Center, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Sheu SY, Hsu YK, Chuang MH, Chu CM, Lin PC, Liao JH, Lin SZ, Kuo TF. Enhanced Bone Formation in Osteoporotic Mice by a Novel Transplant Combined with Adipose-derived Stem Cells and Platelet-rich Fibrin Releasates. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720927398. [PMID: 32648485 PMCID: PMC7563809 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720927398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporotic fracture is the main complication of osteoporosis (OP) and accounts for millions of injuries annually. Local intervention by intra-marrow injection has been a good option for preventing osteoporotic bone loss when the osteoporotic femoral fracture has been treated. In this study, tail vein transplantations were examined to evaluate the cell-based therapeutic approach for treating OP with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and platelet-rich fibrin releasates (PRFr) in an ovariectomized (OVX) mice model. Thirty-six 12-wk-old female ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups: untreated control; sham-operated; OVX-control; OVX-ADSCs; OVX-PRFr; and OVX-ADSCs+PRFr. Starting 8 wk after ovariectomy, the OVX mice received tail vein injections once each week for four consecutive weeks, then were evaluated radiographically and histopathologically 8 wk after the first injection. We also assessed changes to bone trabeculae in the proximal tibial growth plate. In OVX mice treated with ADSCs or PRFr alone, or with a combination of ADSCs and PRFr, the trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume ratios (BV/TV), and numbers (Tb.N) in the proximal tibia areas were significantly higher than that in the OVX-control group. Significant differences between OVX-treated mice and OVX controls were found for trabecular separation, but not for trabecular thickness. These results indicate that ADSCs or PRFr treatment enhances bone microarchitecture in OP. The treatment of bone loss of OVX mice with ADSCs+PRFr induced greater bone consolidation with bone tissue production (P < 0.01) when compared to the others. Thus, we conclude that the transplantation of ADSCs combined with PRFr might provide an alternative strategy for the treatment of various bone disorders in OP with an unlimited source of cells and releasates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Kai Hsu
- Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Ph.D. Program of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chu
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hao Liao
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi foundation; Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Wong CC, Liao JH, Sheu SY, Lin PY, Chen CH, Kuo TF. Novel transplant of combined platelet-rich fibrin Releasate and bone marrow stem cells prevent bone loss in Ovariectomized osteoporotic mice. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:527. [PMID: 32770974 PMCID: PMC7415181 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03549-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by deterioration in the quantity and quality of bone tissue, with a consequent increase susceptibility to fracture. METHODS In this study, we sought to determine the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin releasates (PRFr) in augmenting the therapeutic effects of stem cell-based therapy in treating osteoporotic bone disorder. An osteoporosis mouse model was established through bilateral ovariectomy on 12-week-old female ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice. Eight weeks postoperatively, the ovariectomized (OVX) mice were left untreated (control) or injected with PRFr, bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), or the combination of BMSCs and PRFr. Two different injection (single versus quadruple) dosages were tested to investigate the accumulative effects of BMSCS and PRFr on bone quality. Eight weeks after injection, the changes in tibial microstructural profiles included the percentage of bone volume versus total tissue volume (BV/TV, %), bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm3), trabecular number (Tb.N, number/mm), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp, mm) and bony histology were analyzed. RESULTS Postmenopausal osteoporosis model was successfully established in OVX mice, evidenced by reduced BMD, decreased BV/TV, lower Tb.N but increased Tb.Sp. Eight weeks after injection, there was no significant change to BMD and bone trabeculae could be detected in mice that received single-injection regimen. In contrast, in mice which received 4 doses of combined PRFr and BMSCs, the BMD, BV/TV, and TB.N increased, and the TB.Sp decreased significantly compared to untreated OVX mice. Moreover, the histological analysis showed the trabecular spacing become narrower in OVX-mice treated with quadruple injection of BMSCs and combined PRFr and BMSCs than untreated control. CONCLUSION The systemic administration of combined BMSCs and PRFr protected against OVX-induced bone mass loss in mice. Moreover, the improvement of bony profile scores in quadruple-injection group is better than the single-injection group, probably through the increase in effect size of cells and growth factors. Our data also revealed the combination therapy of BMSCs and PRFr has better effect in enhancing osteogenesis, which may provide insight for the development of a novel therapeutic strategy in osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chean Wong
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Research Center of Biomedical Devices, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Non-invasive Cancer Therapy Research Institute of Taiwan, Taipei, 10489, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hao Liao
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan. .,Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Yu Lin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hwa Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.,Research Center of Biomedical Devices, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
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Wang CY, Tsai SW, Chien HH, Chen TY, Sheu SY, So EC, Huang BM. Cordycepin Inhibits Human Gestational Choriocarcinoma Cell Growth by Disrupting Centrosome Homeostasis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:2987-3000. [PMID: 32801639 PMCID: PMC7394508 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s252401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Human gestational choriocarcinoma, a type of gestational trophoblastic disease, occurs after miscarriage, abortion, ectopic pregnancy, or molar pregnancy. Despite recent advances in the mechanism of anticancer drugs that induce human gestational choriocarcinoma apoptosis or block its growth, new therapeutic approaches are needed to be established. Cordycepin is an active anti-cancer component extracted from Cordyceps sinensis. It prevents cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Materials and Methods Here, we examined cell growth by counting cell numbers, and performing a flow cytometry assay and EdU incorporation assay. Centrosome and cytoskeleton-related structures were observed by immunofluorescence assay. The DNA damage-related signaling was examined by Western blot assay. Results Here, we showed that cordycepin inhibited human gestational choriocarcinoma cell proliferation and induced cell death. In addition, treatment with cordycepin activated DNA-PK and ERK, thus inducing centrosome amplification and aberrant mitosis. These amplified centrosomes also disrupted microtubule arrays and actin networks, thus leading to defective cell adhesion. Furthermore, cordycepin induced autophagy for triggering cell death. Conclusion Thus, our study demonstrates that cordycepin inhibits cell proliferation and disrupts the cytoskeleton by triggering centrosome amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yih Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Hsiang Chien
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Chen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Edmund Cheung So
- Department of Anesthesia & Medical Research, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bu-Miin Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Hsu YK, Sheu SY, Wang CY, Chuang MH, Chung PC, Luo YS, Huang JJ, Ohashi F, Akiyoshi H, Kuo TF. The effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes with platelet-rich fibrin releasates augmentation by intra-articular injection on acute osteochondral defects in a rabbit model. Knee 2018; 25:1181-1191. [PMID: 30420268 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs), platelet-rich fibrin releasates (PRFr), and chondrocyte transplantation in rabbit acute osteochondral defects. METHODS Thirty rabbits were randomly assigned to five groups: untreated controls; ADSCs alone; PRFr alone; PRFr + ADSCs; and PRFr + chondrocytes. The critical size osteochondral defects in right knee femoral condyles were injected intra-articularly according to the groups, as listed. The experimental rabbits received treatments once a week for two weeks postoperatively. All evaluations were conducted for 14 weeks following surgery, and the regenerated cartilages were assessed by gross inspection and histological examination. RESULTS There were no complications encountered in any of the rabbits. The size of the defect decreased and the volume of repaired cartilage increased in the medial femoral condyles of the PRFr + ADSCs group. Relative to the ADSCs or PRFr group, histological examination demonstrated that the PRFr + ADSCs group had thicker hyaline cartilage-specific extracellular matrix. Grading scores revealed that PRFr + ADSCs injection had better matrix, cell distribution, and surface indices than other groups (P < 0.05). However, the histological scores reported for PRFr + chondrocytes on cartilage repair were similar to those of PRFr, and there were no significant between-group differences. CONCLUSIONS These findings showed that intra-articular injections of PRFr + ADSCs into the knee can reduce cartilage defects by regenerating hyaline-like cartilage without complications. This approach may provide an alternative method for functional reconstruction of acute osteochondral defects with an unlimited source of cells and releasates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Kai Hsu
- Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yih Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Ph.D. Program of Technology Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology Co., Ltd., Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chung
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Siang Luo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Jie Huang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Animal Experimental Research Center/Institute of Comparative Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fumihito Ohashi
- Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Akiyoshi
- Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Sheu SY, Wang CH, Pao YH, Fu YT, Liu CH, Yao CH, Kuo TF. The effect of platelet-rich fibrin on autologous osteochondral transplantation: An in vivo porcine model. Knee 2017; 24:1392-1401. [PMID: 29037743 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2017.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cartilage transplantation to the medial femoral condyle±platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) augmentation in a porcine model. The hypothesis of the study was that PRF may act as a bioactive cell scaffold to fill defects and enhance cartilage regeneration. METHODS Thirty-two knees of 16 miniature pigs were randomly assigned to four groups. The critical-size osteochondral defects (8x5mm) in femoral condyle of both knees were treated with one of the following: group 1-untreated controls; group 2-cartilage fragments alone; group 3-PRF alone; group 4-PRFT+cartilage fragments. After completion of the surgical implantation, the periosteal patch harvested from the proximal tibia was sutured onto the cartilage of the medial condyle to cover the implanted defects. Animals were sacrificed at six months after treatment. The regenerated cartilages were assessed by gross inspection and histological examination. RESULTS The best results were obtained with the repair tissue being hyaline-like cartilage (group 4). The grading score of histological evaluation demonstrated that group 4 had better matrix, cell distribution and cartilage mineralization than group 2 and group 3. PRF showed a positive effect on the cartilage repair; the procedure was more effective when PRF was combined with autologous chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS This approach may provide a successfully employed technique to target cartilage defects in vivo. Larger groups and longer periods of study may provide more definitive and meaningful support for using this therapeutic approach as a new way of cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C H Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y H Pao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y T Fu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - C H Liu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C H Yao
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - T F Kuo
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Wu FJ, Kao LT, Sheu SY, Lin HC, Chung SD. Increased risk of a herpes zoster attack in patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. Andrologia 2017; 50. [PMID: 28786220 DOI: 10.1111/and.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association of herpes zoster (HZ) with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) use among patients with prostate cancer (PC), using a population-based data set. The study sample for this study was retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. We selected 877 patients with PC who had received ADT as the study group, while 849 patients with PC who had not received ADT served as the comparison group. Each study patient was individually tracked for a 3-year period to discriminate those who subsequently received a diagnosis of HZ. Of the total 1,726 sampled patients, the incidence rate of HZ per 100 person-years was 1.80 (95% CI: 1.41-2.25) during the 3-year follow-up period. In particular, incidence rates of HZ per 100 person-years were 2.36 (95% CI: 1.75-3.13) and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.81-1.81), respectively, for patients with PC who had and those who had not received ADT. Furthermore, Cox proportional hazard regressions showed that the adjusted hazard ratio for an HZ attack during the 3-year follow-up period for patients with PC who had received ADT was 1.88 (95% CI: 1.13-3.11) than those who had not received ADT. We concluded that patients with PC who had received ADT had an increased risk of HZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L T Kao
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S Y Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H C Lin
- School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Sleep Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - S D Chung
- Sleep Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Ban Ciao, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics, College of Informatics, Yuan-Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
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Sheu SY, Fu YT, Huang WD, Chen YA, Lei YC, Yao CH, Hsu FL, Kuo TF. Evaluation of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Potential and In vivo Hypouricemic Activity of Dimocarpus longan Lour. Extracts. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S206-12. [PMID: 27279708 PMCID: PMC4883080 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longan is a fruit tree known to contain many phenolic components, which are capable of protecting people from oxidative damage through an anti-inflammatory mechanism. It may be also worthwhile to study the effect on lowering uric acid activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study investigates the lowering of uric acid using longan extracts, including flowers, pericarps, seeds, leaves, and twigs, on potassium-oxonate-induced hyperuricemia mice and its inhibitory actions against xanthine oxidase (XO) activities. RESULTS The findings revealed that ethyl acetate fraction of longan extracts exhibited strong XO-inhibitory activity, and the flower extracts (IC50 = 115.8 μg/mL) revealed more potent XO-inhibitory activity to those of pericarps (118.9 μg/mL), twigs (125.3 μg/mL), seeds (262.5 μg/mL), and leaves (331.1 μg/mL) in vitro. In addition, different dosages of longan extract (50-100 mg/kg) were administered to hyperuricemic mice. The lowering effect of longan extracts on uric acid at 75 mg/kg markedly reduced plasma uric acid levels in decreasing order: Flowers (80%) > seeds (72%) > pericarps (64%) > twigs (59%) > leaves (41%), compared with allopurinol (89%). Finally, 10 isolated phytochemicals from longan flowers were then examined in vitro. The results indicated that proanthocyanidin A2 and acetonylgeraniin A significantly inhibited XO activity in vitro. This is the first report providing new insights into the urate-reducing effect of phenolic dimer and hydrolyzable tannin, which can be developed to potential hypouricemic agents. SUMMARY Longan flower extracts possess more potent XO-inhibitory activity than pericarps, twigs, seeds, and leaves in vitroThe lowering effect of longan flowers and seeds extracts markedly reduced plasma uric acid levels as compared to allopurinol in vivoThe extract proanthocyanidin A2 and acetonylgeraniin A were demonstrated potent XO inhibitory activity in vitro Abbreviations used: PO: Potassium-oxonate, XO: xanthine oxidase, HE: n-hexane, EA: ethyl acetate, i.p.: intraperitoneal, PBS: phosphate-buffered saline, AP: allopurinol, PUA: plasma uric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung Branch, Taiwan; Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung Branch, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Tsung Fu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taiwan; School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Dar Huang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ann Chen
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chih Lei
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Lin Hsu
- College of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taiwan; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taiwan
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Wang WL, Sheu SY, Huang WD, Chuang YL, Tseng HC, Hwang TS, Fu YT, Kuo YH, Yao CH, Kuo TF. Phytochemicals from Tradescantia albiflora Kunth Extracts Reduce Serum Uric Acid Levels in Oxonate-induced Rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S223-7. [PMID: 27279711 PMCID: PMC4883083 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tradescantia albiflora (TA) Kunth (Commelinaceae) has been used for treating gout and hyperuricemia as folklore remedies in Taiwan. Therefore, it is worthwhile to study the effect of TA extracts on lowering uric acid activity. The hypouricemic effects of TA extracts on potassium oxonate (PO)-induced acute hyperuricemia were investigated for the first time. Materials and Methods: All treatments at the same volume (1 ml) were orally administered to the abdominal cavity of PO-induced hyperuricemic rats. One milliliter of TA extract in n-hexane (HE), ethyl acetate (EA), n-butanol (BuOH), and water fractions has 0.28, 0.21, 0.28, and 1.03 mg TA, respectively; and the plasma uric acid (PUA) level was measured for a consecutive 4 h after administration. Results: All four fractions' extracts derived from TA were observed to significantly reduce PUA compared with the PO group. The EA-soluble fraction (TA-EA) exhibited the best xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. Following column chromatography, 12 phytochemicals were isolated and identified from the EA fraction. The IC50 values of isolated phytochemicals indicated that bracteanolide A (AR11) showed the remarkable XO inhibitory effect (IC50 value of 76.4 μg/ml). These findings showed that the in vivo hypouricemic effect in hyperuricemic rats was consistent with in vitro XO inhibitory activity, indicating that TA extracts and derived phytochemicals could be potential candidates as hypouricemic agents. SUMMARY Tradescantia albiflora extracts possess in vivo hypouricemic action in hyperuricemic rats T. albiflora extracts exhibited strong inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase (XO) Butenolide may play an important role in XO inhibition The extract bracteanolide A was demonstrated potent XO inhibitory activity in vitro.
Abbreviations used: TA: Tradescantia albiflora, PO: potassium oxonate, HE: n-hexane, EA: ethyl acetate, BuOH: n-butanol, PUA: plasma uric acid, XO: xanthine oxidase, MeOH: methanol, IP: intraperitoneal
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ling Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Dar Huang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Chuang
- Department of School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chun Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzann-Shun Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Tsung Fu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taiwan; Department of School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- Department of School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wu CC, Sheu SY, Hsu LH, Yang KC, Tseng CC, Kuo TF. Intra-articular Injection of platelet-rich fibrin releasates in combination with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of articular cartilage defects: Anin vivostudy in rabbits. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:1536-1543. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics; National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University; Taipei 10002 Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics; En Chu Kong Hospital; New Taipei City 23702 Taiwan
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University; Taichung 40201 Taiwan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine; Chung Shan Medical University Hospital; Taichung 40201 Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy; Asia University; Taichung 41354 Taiwan
| | - Li-Ho Hsu
- Department of Orthopedics; National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University; Taipei 10002 Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics; En Chu Kong Hospital; New Taipei City 23702 Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chiang Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University; Taipei 11031 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chuan Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University; Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University; Taipei 10617 Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine; Asia University; Taichung 41354 Taiwan
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Yao CH, Hsu FL, Kuo TF, Sheu SY, Fu YT, Huang WD, Chen YA, Lei YC. Evaluation of Xanthine oxidase inhibitory potential and in vivo hypouricemic activity of Dimocarpus longan lour. extracts. Pharmacogn Mag 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.179676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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12
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Kuo YH, Yao CH, Kuo TF, Wang WL, Sheu SY, Huang WD, Chuang YL, Tseng HC, Hwang TS, Fu YT. Phytochemicals from Tradescantia albiflora Kunth extracts reduce serum uric acid levels in oxonate-induced mice. Pharmacogn Mag 2016. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.179671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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13
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Fu YT, Sheu SY, Chen YS, Chen KY, Yao CH. Porous gelatin/tricalcium phosphate/genipin composites containing lumbrokinase for bone repair. Bone 2015; 78:15-22. [PMID: 25933942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bone cell activities are very important in bone remodeling. This study investigates the effects of lumbrokinase on bone cell activities in cultures. Moreover, a biodegradable composite (GGT) containing genipin-crosslinked gelatin and β-tricalcium phosphate was prepared to carry lumbrokinase (GGTLK). Rat calvarial bone defects were filled with GGT and GGTLK composites. Bone healing was monitored in vivo by bioluminescence imaging and micro-CT. Lumbrokinase was found to have a dose-dependent effect on bone cell activities. Low concentrations (<1μg/ml) of lumbrokinase increased the viability, total alkaline phosphatase activity and mobility of osteoblasts, the number of total calcified nodules and the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin; however, they considerably reduced the total tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity of osteoclasts. IVIS images revealed a stronger fluorescent signal in GGTLK-treated animals than in GGT-treated animals. Micro-CT analysis revealed that GGTLK induced more new bone formation than did GGT. These observations suggest that lumbrokinase released from GGTLK composite can enhance bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Tsung Fu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 40427, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Sheng Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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Wang WL, Sheu SY, Chen YS, Kao ST, Fu YT, Kuo TF, Chen KY, Yao CH. Enhanced Bone Tissue Regeneration by Porous Gelatin Composites Loaded with the Chinese Herbal Decoction Danggui Buxue Tang. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131999. [PMID: 26126113 PMCID: PMC4488343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) is a traditional Chinese herbal decoction containing Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae sinensis. Pharmacological results indicate that DBT can stimulate bone cell proliferation and differentiation. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of adding DBT to bone substitutes on bone regeneration following bone injury. DBT was incorporated into porous composites (GGT) made from genipin-crosslinked gelatin and β-triclacium phosphates as bone substitutes (GGTDBT). The biological response of mouse calvarial bone to these composites was evaluated by in vivo imaging systems (IVIS), micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and histology analysis. IVIS images revealed a stronger fluorescent signal in GGTDBT-treated defect than in GGT-treated defect at 8 weeks after implantation. Micro-CT analysis demonstrated that the level of repair from week 4 to 8 increased from 42.1% to 71.2% at the sites treated with GGTDBT, while that increased from 33.2% to 54.1% at GGT-treated sites. These findings suggest that the GGTDBT stimulates the innate regenerative capacity of bone, supporting their use in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ling Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Sheng Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Te Kao
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Tsung Fu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Fu Kuo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (KYC); (CHY)
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (KYC); (CHY)
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Abstract
CONTEXT Glinus oppositifolius (L.) Aug. DC. (Molluginaceae), a perennial subshrubs herb, grows at low altitudes in the southern part of Taiwan, and is used in traditional Chinese medicine for herpes zoster and herpangina. OBJECTIVE This study describes nutritional and therapeutic potential of Glinus oppositifolius and summarizes scientific evidence that supports traditional claims; recent progress in research for this plant is reviewed herein. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature has been retrieved from the web-based online systems including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar. The articles related to phytochemistry, pharmaceutical biology and ethnopharmacology have been excluded. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In clinical practice, the plant has been extensively investigated in a broad range of studies to provide scientific evidence for folklore claims or to find new therapeutic uses. The present review may arouse related research and make a more valid display for Taiwanese native medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan , ROC
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16
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Sheu SY, Wang YK, Tai YT, Lei YC, Chang TH, Yao CH, Kuo TF. ESTABLISHMENT OF A COMPETITIVE ELISA FOR DETECTION OF FLORFENICOL ANTIBIOTIC IN FOOD OF ANIMAL ORIGIN. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2013; 34:438-52. [DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2013.779924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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17
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Sheu SY, Tai YT, Li WR, Lei YC, Hsieh KH, Lin CY, Cheng CC, Chang TH, Kuo TF. Development of a competitive ELISA for the detection of a furaltadone marker residue, 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ), in cultured fish samples. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:1439-46. [PMID: 22785246 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for tissue-bound metabolite 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone (AMOZ) and the application to residue analysis in cultured fish samples. The residue is monitored as a marker for the drug furaltadone. The assay enables the detection of protein bound AMOZ in the form of a 2-nitrophenyl derivative (2-NP-AMOZ) in sample supernatant or extract after acid hydrolysis and derivatization with o-nitrobenzaldehyde. Polyclonal rabbit antibodies were produced with a new immunogen hapten, 2-NP-HXA-AMOZ. The new ELISA had adequate analytical sensitivity (IC(50) value 0.325 μg kg(-1); limit of detection 0.1 μg kg(-1)) to determine a trace of AMOZ residue and had a high selectivity. Recoveries of AMOZ fortified at the levels of 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 μg kg(-1) ranged from 89.8 to 112.5% with coefficients of variation of 12.4-16.2% over the range of AMOZ concentrations studied. The results obtained with the ELISA correlated well with those obtained by commercial test kits for 150 tested samples (r=0.984). The results suggest that the developed ELISA is a highly specific, accurate, and sensitive method suitable for high throughput screening for AMOZ residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Sheu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan, ROC
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18
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Schmitz KJ, Helwig J, Bertram S, Sheu SY, Suttorp AC, Seggewiss J, Willscher E, Walz MK, Worm K, Schmid KW. Differential expression of microRNA-675, microRNA-139-3p and microRNA-335 in benign and malignant adrenocortical tumours. J Clin Pathol 2011; 64:529-35. [PMID: 21471143 PMCID: PMC3099361 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2010.085621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the clinical management of adrenocortical neoplasms it is crucial to correctly distinguish between benign and malignant tumours. Even histomorphologically based scoring systems do not allow precise separation in single lesions, thus novel parameters are desired which offer a more accurate differentiation. The tremendous potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic biomarkers in surgical pathology has recently been shown in a broad variety of tumours. METHODS In order to elucidate the diagnostic impact of miRNA expression in adrenocortical neoplasms, a cohort of 20 adrenocortical specimens including normal adrenal tissue (n=4), adrenocortical adenomas (ACAs) (n=9), adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs) (n=4) and metastases (n=3) was analysed using TaqMan low density arrays to identify specific miRNA profiles in order to distinguish between benign and malignant adrenocortical lesions. Results were validated in a validation cohort (n=16). RESULTS Concerning the differential diagnosis of ACAs and ACCs, 159 out of 667 miRNAs were up- and 89 were down-regulated in ACAs. Using real-time PCR analysis of three of the most significantly expressed single key miRNAs allowed separation of ACAs from ACCs. ACCs exhibited significantly lower levels of miR-139-3p (up to 8.49-fold, p<0.001), miR-675 (up to 23.25-fold, p<0.001) and miR-335 (up to 5.25-fold, p<0.001). A validation cohort of 16 specimen with known Weiss score showed up-regulation of miR-335 and miR-675 in the majority of cases with probable malignant course, although overlapping values exist. CONCLUSION miRNA profiling of miR-675 and miR-335 helps in discriminating ACCs from ACAs. miRNA analysis may indicate malignant behaviour in cases with indeterminate malignant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Schmitz
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Sheu SY, Yao CH, Fu YT, Wang WL. Acupuncture as complementary therapy for hypoxic encephalopathy: A case study. Complement Ther Med 2010; 18:265-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2010.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2010] [Accepted: 08/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Sheu SY, Lei YC, Tai YT, Chang TH, Kuo TF. Screening of salbutamol residues in swine meat and animal feed by an enzyme immunoassay in Taiwan. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 654:148-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Revised: 09/20/2009] [Accepted: 09/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cheng CC, Hsieh KH, Lei YC, Tai YT, Chang TH, Sheu SY, Li WR, Kuo TF. Development and residue screening of the furazolidone metabolite, 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), in cultured fish by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Agric Food Chem 2009; 57:5687-5692. [PMID: 19526989 DOI: 10.1021/jf900859r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and specific polyclonal enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of tissue-bound metabolite 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ) is described. The procedures allow for the detection of protein-bound AOZ in the form of a 2-nitrophenyl derivative (2-NP-AOZ) in the sample supernatant or extract after acid hydrolysis and derivatization with o-nitrobenzaldehyde. The polyclonal rabbit antibodies were produced with the immunogen hapten, 2-NP-HXA-AOZ, and the 50% inhibition values (IC(50)) of 0.14 microg kg(-1) of AOZ was achieved with the most sensitive antibody A0505. The mean lower detection limit of the ELISA method is about 0.025 microg kg(-1). According to the test preparation record, the detection limit is 0.1 microg kg(-1), which is well below the minimum required performance limits (MRPLs) for tissue-bound residues of AOZ at 1 microg kg(-1) in the European Communities. In the present study, we investigated the use of homemade ELISA, a new immunoassay, to monitor the presence of the furazolidone marker residue in 370 samples of cultured fish. Adopting 0.3 microg kg(-1) AOZ as a cutoff value, the ELISA has a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 98.5% versus high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) at a cutoff of 0.3 microg kg(-1) and gives no false-negative rate results. From the practical point of view, the homemade kit could be advantageously used for the screening of large groups of animal-edible tissue samples and the kit employed has good reliability even in routine application for the control of the illegal use of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Chen Cheng
- Taiwan Advance Bio-Pharmaceutical, Incorporated, Taipei County 221, Taiwan
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Lei YC, Tsai YF, Tai YT, Lin CY, Hsieh KH, Chang TH, Sheu SY, Kuo TF. Development and fast screening of salbutamol residues in swine serum by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in Taiwan. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56:5494-5499. [PMID: 18578536 DOI: 10.1021/jf800625f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of salbutamol in swine serum is the more practical basis for large scale surveillance programs in Taiwan. Objectives of the study were to develop a new assay and to compare with a commercially available kit in field test screens. A simple and reliable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to monitor the presence of beta-agonist, salbutamol, in 1,358 field samples of swine serum that were collected from local meat markets was described. The method proved to be suitable and sensitive for the detection of beta-agonist residues caused by growth promoting dosage. The limit of detection of the developed ELISA directly performed on diluted serum was 0.25 ng/mL. The application and the results of two ELISA kits (homemade and commercially available) for the screening of salbutamol were presented. For further confirmation, all samples that showed to be ELISA positive for salbutamol residues were analyzed by GC-MS. Adopting 1 ng/mL salbutamol as a cutoff value, the commercial beta-agonist ELISA had a sensitivity of 89.2% and a specificity of 86.7% versus GC-MS at a cutoff of 1 ng/mL. The homemade salbutamol ELISA had a sensitivity of 81.1% and a specificity of 98.6% and gave a low proportion of false-positive rate results. The reliability of the developed kit in terms of the percentage of false-positive rate results is evaluated. In conclusion, a sensitive, specific salbutamol ELISA has been developed that could serve as a rapid screening assay, and the detection of positive samples at the place of sampling can result in more effective control of the illegal use of beta-agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chih Lei
- Taiwan Advance Bio-Pharmaceutical Inc., Taipei, Taiwan
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Ueberberg B, Unger N, Sheu SY, Walz MK, Schmid KW, Saeger W, Mann K, Petersenn S. Differential expression of ghrelin and its receptor (GHS-R1a) in various adrenal tumors and normal adrenal gland. Horm Metab Res 2008; 40:181-8. [PMID: 18246525 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1004574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin is a newly characterized, widely distributed peptide thought to be involved in the regulation of appetite. Significant effects on the release of growth hormone (GH) and ACTH have been demonstrated. This study compares the expression of ghrelin and its receptor (GHS-R) in various adrenal tumors and normal adrenal gland. Normal adrenal tissue was obtained after autopsy. Tissue was obtained from 13 pheochromocytomas (PHEOs), 15 cortisol-secreting adenomas (CPAs), 12 aldosterone-secreting adenomas (APAs), and 16 nonfunctional adenomas (NFAs) following laparoscopic surgery. Expression of ghrelin and GHS-R1a was investigated on RNA levels by using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and on protein levels by using immunohistochemistry. In the seven normal adrenal glands analyzed, ghrelin mRNA levels were 12-fold lower than in stomach. Ghrelin protein expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In all adrenal tumors, relevant levels of ghrelin mRNA were observed, with significantly lower expression in PHEOs and APAs than in normal adrenal gland. Ghrelin protein was detected in 0% of PHEOs, 55% of APAs, 87% of CPAs, and 54% of NFAs. GHS-R1a mRNA expression was detectable in normal adrenal gland, but the receptor protein was absent. In adrenal tumors, detectable levels of receptor mRNA were found in 38% of PHEOs, 13% of CPAs, and 25% of NFAs. GHS-R1a protein was absent in the majority of adrenal tumors. Expression of ghrelin in normal adrenal gland and adrenal tumors may indicate some unknown physiological function. The pathophysiological relevance of ghrelin expression in adrenal tumors remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ueberberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Medical Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Matuszczyk A, Petersenn S, Bockisch A, Gorges R, Sheu SY, Veit P, Mann K. Chemotherapy with doxorubicin in progressive medullary and thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium. Horm Metab Res 2008; 40:210-3. [PMID: 18348081 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1046781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Twenty-two patients (mean age 61) with metastasizing, progressive, nonradioiodine-accumulating thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium were treated with doxorubicin between 2000 and 2005. Tumors were histologically classified as follicular in 15 patients (68%) and papillary in 7 patients (32%). In addition, nine patients (mean age 51 years) with medullary thyroid carcinoma were treated with doxorubicin between 1997 and 2005. Treatment consisted of doxorubicin: either 8 cycles of 15 mg/m2 weekly or 3 cycles of 60 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, repeated once, depending on response and side effects. The effect of therapy was evaluated by radiographic imaging, [18F] FDG-PET, and bone scans. In patients with papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma, 5% had a partial regression over 6 months, 42% had stable disease for a median of 7 months (range: 1-22), and 53% had continuous progression established over 5 months (range: 1-11). Three patients died before completing chemotherapy. In patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma, 11% had a partial regression over 6 months followed by stable disease for 3 months, 11% had stable disease over 7 months, and 79% demonstrated progressive disease established over 5 months (range: 2-12). Doxorubicin can be a valid chemotherapy option, especially for advanced or metastatic thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Matuszczyk
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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Pelz I, Sheu SY, Gall S, Schmid KW, Mann K, Bröcker-Preuss M. Efficacy of erbB specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors in thyroid carcinoma cells. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-932911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Therapy related alterations to the thyroid gland are associated with more or less specific morphological changes. The therapy (thyrostatic drugs, radio-iodine) may be administered for the treatment of thyroid dysfunction (hyperthyroidism), or the thyroid gland is involved during or after the treatment (irradiation, various drugs) of primarily non-thyroid related diseases. The present review summarizes the most important morphological changes related to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- Institut für Pathologie und Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122 Essen
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Broecker-Preuss M, Sheu SY, Kosti K, Janssen OE, Schmid KW, Mann K, Herrmann BL. Expression of IGF-1 receptors and GH receptors in thyroid tissue of patients with acromegaly. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-863024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pelz I, Gall S, Sheu SY, Nokai B, Schmid KW, Mann K, Broecker-Preuss M. Efficacy of erbB specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors in thyroid carcinoma cells. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Broecker-Preuss M, Schmidt M, Bollepalli M, Baten J, Sheu SY, Schmid KW, Mann K. Regulation of thyroid cells and thyroid tumors by the novel cAMP-binding protein Epac. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Unger N, Serdiuk I, Sheu SY, Walz MK, Schulz S, Schmid KW, Mann K, Petersenn S. Immunohistochemical determination of somatostatin receptor subtypes 1, 2A, 3, 4, and 5 in various adrenal tumors. Endocr Res 2004; 30:931-4. [PMID: 15666847 DOI: 10.1081/erc-200044161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
While octreotide binds with high affinity to sst2a only, the new analogue SOM230 demonstrates high affinity for sstl, 3, and 5, in addition. We examined the immunohistochemical expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes (sst) in 7 pheochromocytomas (PHEO), 5 Conn adenomas (CONN), 9 Cushing adenomas (CUSH), 7 nonfunctioning tumors (NFA), and 4 adrenal carcinomas (CA). About one third of the PHEO were positive for sst1, 2a, and 5. Less than 30% of cells were stained in the majority of these tumors. Each of the PHEO expressed sst3 with more than 60% of cells stained. Two thirds of the NFA revealed positive staining for sst1, 2a, and 3 with less than 30% of cells affected. Sst5 was expressed in nearly all of the NFA with positive staining in 30-60% of tumor cells. Nearly all CUSH and CONN were positive for the subtypes evaluated. In the majority of these tumors, less than 30% of cells were positively stained. Fifty percent of CA expressed sst2a and 3 with positive staining in 30-100% of cells. None of them expressed sst1. Somatostatin receptors are expressed in adrenal tumors with a tumor-specific distribution pattern. This may offer new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Unger
- Division of Endocrinology, Medical Centre, University of Essen, Essen, Germany
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31
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Lippert M, Sheu SY, Worm K, Wichert M, Schmid KW, Mann K, Broecker-Preuß M. Expression and mutation analysis of regulatory subunit Iα of protein kinase A in undifferentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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32
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Broecker-Preuß M, Sheu SY, Schulz S, Petersenn S, Unger N, Mann K, Schmid KW, Görges R. Somatostatin receptor expression in thyroid carcinomas: implications for diagnostics and therapy. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-819320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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33
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Wu LS, Chen JC, Sheu SY, Huang CC, Kuo YH, Chiu CH, Lian WX, Yang CJ, Kaphle K, Lin JH. Isocupressic acid blocks progesterone production from bovine luteal cells. Am J Chin Med 2003; 30:533-41. [PMID: 12568280 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x02000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The needles of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) were reported to induce abortions when fed to late-term pregnant beef cows in North America. An in vivo study of pregnant cows suggested that isocupressic acid (IA) was the main abortifacient isolated from needles and bark of the pine. However, the mechanism of abortifacient activity of IA is not clear yet. In a pregnant cow, the corpus luteum of the ovary helps the maintenance of pregnancy by its progesterone production. This study involved the IA extracted from the root of the Taiwan cypress (Juniperus formosana) and used a frozen-thawed bovine luteal cell culture system to investigate the action of IA on progesterone production. Thawed bovine luteal cells (1 x 10(5) cells/ml/well) in M199 medium were cultured in 24-well culture plates at 37 degrees C in a 5% CO2 incubator. Ten ml of tested drugs, IA at 1 to 1000 ng/ml and/or ovine luteinizing hormone (oLH) at 1 to 100 ng/microl or 8-bromo-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) with 0.1-10 mM, were added into each well. After 4 hours of incubation, the media were harvested and assayed for progesterone by an enzyme immunoassay. Progesterone production from cells was the indicator used to evaluate the action of IA. All tested doses of IA significantly inhibited progesterone production in both basal and oLH stimulating conditions. Also those dosages inhibited cyclic adenosine-3',5'- monophosphate (cAMP) stimulation, suggesting a post-cAMP mechanism is involved in the IA action. We concluded that IA can induce pregnant cows to abort partly through blocking luteal function and may be identified as a new abortifacient chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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34
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Sheu SY, Yang DY. Dynamic scaling theory for a tethered membrane in solution. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 63:061207. [PMID: 11415080 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.63.061207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present the dynamic scaling behavior for the specific viscosity and diffusion coefficient of a single membrane and membranes with nonzero concentration in solution. Starting from the membrane free energies, we derive their Langevin equations. The corresponding Kirkwood diffusion equation, describing the time evolution in configuration space, contains two kinds of time scales that are separated by the external dimension 4/(2-D) where D is the dimension of the internal space. These time scale separation behaviors depend strongly on the hydrodynamic screening effect. For a single membrane solution, we resolve the dynamic scaling exponents for the diffusion coefficient and intrinsic viscosity by the dimension reduction method. For a concentrated membrane solution, the effective excluded volume strength and draining parameter are introduced. The effective medium argument is applied to obtain a concentration dependent power law form for the specific viscosity and diffusion coefficient, whose results contribute to a fundamental understanding of membrane in solution and of hydrodynamic screening and excluded volume effects in many different solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- Department of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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35
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Wu LS, Sheu SY, Huang CC, Chiu CH, Huang JC, Yang JR, Lian WX, Lai CH, Chen YP, Lin JH. Ginseng flowers stimulate progesterone production from bovine luteal cells. Am J Chin Med 2001; 28:371-7. [PMID: 11154050 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x0000043x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Our previous report first showed evidence that polysaccharides isolated from ginseng leaves obtained from Jilin, China possess luteotropic activities. In this study, we made further investigations on the root and flowers of Korean ginseng by means of the same bioassay system described briefly as follows. Frozen-thawed bovine luteal cells (1 x 10(5) cells/ml/well) in M199 were incubated in 24-well culture plates at 37 degrees C in a 5 % CO2 incubator. Ten microl of tested drugs with 1, 10 and 100 microg/ml were added into each well. After 4- and 24-hr incubation, the media were harvested and assayed for progesterone by an enzyme immunoassay. The production of progesterone from cells is the indicator for evaluating the action of tested drugs. Results showed that hot water extracts ofginseng flowers (GF-1) with 10 to 100 microg/ml significantly increased progesterone production, whereas those from ginseng root (GR-1) could not. Crude polysaccharides (GF-2) isolated from GF-1 is the active component and the small molecules (mw < 10,000 dalton) are excluded, indicating that the ginseng root has no luteotropic activities, but the polysaccharides of ginseng flowers have.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Wu
- Department of Animal Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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36
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Yang DY, Makhnovskii YA, Sheu SY, Lin SH. Simulation of the wiener sausage. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 2000; 62:3116-20. [PMID: 11088805 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.62.3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2000] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The volume of a region visited by a spherical Brownian particle for a time t, known as the Wiener sausage, is an important random variable characterizing Brownian motion. A Brownian dynamics simulation is used to study statistical properties of the Wiener sausage volume. We show that the probability density is closely approximated by a Gaussian distribution not only at asymptotically long times, but over a wide range of times as well. We also refine the expression for the dispersion by finding a correction term for the long-time asymptotic dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- DY Yang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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37
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Schlag EW, Yang DY, Sheu SY, Selzle HL, Lin SH, Rentzepis PM. Dynamical principles in biological processes: a model of charge migration in proteins and DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:9849-54. [PMID: 10954730 PMCID: PMC27603 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.140196597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The generalized master equations (GMEs) that contain multiple time scales have been derived quantum mechanically. The GME method has then been applied to a model of charge migration in proteins that invokes the hole hopping between local amino acid sites driven by the torsional motions of the floppy backbones. This model is then applied to analyze the experimental results for sequence-dependent long-range hole transport in DNA reported by Meggers et al. [Meggers, E., Michel-Beyerle, M. E., & Giese, B. (1998) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 12950-12955]. The model has also been applied to analyze the experimental results of femtosecond dynamics of DNA-mediated electron transfer reported by Zewail and co-workers [Wan, C., Fiebig, T., Kelley, S. O., Treadway, C. R., Barton, J. K. & Zewail, A. H. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 6014-6019]. The initial events in the dynamics of protein folding have begun to attract attention. The GME obtained in this paper will be applicable to this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- E W Schlag
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
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38
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Makhnovskii YA, Berezhkovskii AM, Yang DY, Sheu SY, Lin SH. Trapping by clusters of traps. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 2000; 61:6302-7. [PMID: 11088304 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.61.6302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/1999] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
We study how the trapping kinetics is modified when traps are gathered in clusters. Recently, we have proposed a mean-field theory of trapping by clusters of traps valid at the initial stage of the process [J. Chem. Phys. 111, 711 (1999)]. Here by using the optimal-fluctuation method we incorporate fluctuation effects in the theory and discuss the manifestation of trap clustering in the kinetics over the entire time domain. Notable observations are that due to trap clustering (1) the trapping kinetics can be significantly modified from the very beginning of the process; (2) the fluctuation-induced kinetics exhibits more rich behavior; (3) the fraction of particles reacting according to a stretched-exponential law can be substantially increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- YA Makhnovskii
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China and Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 29, 117912 Moscow, Russia
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39
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Schlag EW, Sheu SY, Yang DY, Selzle HL, Lin SH. Charge conductivity in peptides: dynamic simulations of a bifunctional model supporting experimental data. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:1068-72. [PMID: 10655485 PMCID: PMC15524 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.3.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous finding and the given mechanism of charge and electron transfer in polypeptides are here integrated in a bifunctional model involving electronic charge transfer coupled to special internal rotations. Present molecular dynamics simulations that describe these motions in the chain result in the mean first passage times for the hopping process of an individual step. This "rest and fire" mechanism is formulated in detail-i.e., individual amino acids are weakly coupled and must first undergo alignment to reach the special strong coupling. This bifunctional model contains the essential features demanded by our prior experiments. The molecular dynamics results yield a mean first passage time distribution peaked at about 140 fs, in close agreement with our direct femtosecond measurements. In logic gate language this is a strongly conducting ON state resulting from small firing energies, the system otherwise being a quiescent OFF state. The observed time scale of about 200 fs provides confirmation of our simulations of transport, a model of extreme transduction efficiency. It explains the high efficiency of charge transport observed in polypeptides. We contend that the moderate speed of weak coupling is required in our model by the bifunctionality of peptides. This bifunctional mechanism agrees with our data and contains valuable features for a general model of long-range conductivity, final reactivity, and binding at a long distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E W Schlag
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, Germany.
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40
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Lin CH, Sheu SY, Lee HM, Ho YS, Lee WS, Ko WC, Sheu JR. Involvement of protein kinase C-gamma in IL-1beta-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human pulmonary epithelial cells. Mol Pharmacol 2000; 57:36-43. [PMID: 10617676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling pathway of protein kinase C (PKC) is known to play a role in mediating the action of various cytokines. Here we examined the signal transduction pathway of PKC activation and the role of PKC isoforms in interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-mediated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in human pulmonary epithelial cell line (A549). The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (genistein and tyrphostin AG126) and phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase C inhibitor (D-609) prevented IL-1beta-induced prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release and COX-2 expression, whereas U-73122 (a phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C inhibitor) and propranolol (a phosphatidate phosphohydrolase inhibitor) had no effect. The PKC inhibitors (Go 6976 and Ro 31-8220) and NF-kappaB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, also attenuated IL-1beta-induced PGE(2) release and COX-2 expression. Western blot analysis using PKC isoenzyme-specific antibodies indicated that A549 cells expressed PKC-alpha, -gamma, -iota, -lambda, -zeta, and -micro. IL-1beta caused the translocation of PKC-gamma but not other isoforms from cytosol to the membrane fraction. Moreover, the translocation of PKC-gamma was inhibited by genistein or D-609, but not by U-73122. IL-1beta caused the translocation of p65 NF-kappaB from cytosol to the nucleus as well as the degradation of IkappaB-alpha in cytosol. Furthermore, the translocation of p65 NF-kappaB was inhibited by genistein, Go 6976, Ro 31-8220, or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. These results indicate that in human pulmonary epithelial cells, IL-1beta might activate phosphatidylcholine-phospholipase C through an upstream tyrosine phosphorylation to elicit PKC activation, which in turn initiates NF-kappaB activation, and finally induces COX-2 expression and PGE(2) release. Of the PKC isoforms present in A549 cells, only activation of PKC-gamma is involved in regulating IL-1beta-induced responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Lin
- Graduate Institutes of Biomedical Technology, Taipei Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Benzophenone is an ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing agent that has been used in industry and medicine for more than 30 years. Consumers of cosmetics and sunscreens containing UV-absorbers are exposed to benzophenones on a daily basis, owing to the widespread use of these compounds. However, the efficacy of these compounds as scavengers of oxidative stress is still not well established. In the present study, we investigate the antioxidative capacity of six sunscreen benzophenone compounds. A primary myoblast culture was mixed in vitro with 100 microM menadione. The cytotoxic effect by menadione-induced oxidative stress was monitored by the lucigenin- or luminol-amplified chemiluminescence, methylthiotetrazole (MTT) assay, and the antioxidative effects of various benzophenone compounds were evaluated. The results showed that the addition of menadione can induce oxidative stress on myoblasts by superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production, which can be eradicated by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, respectively, in a dose-dependent mode. The catalase has a protective effect on the cytotoxicity induced by menadione as measured by the MTT assay, while the SOD does not. The selected benzophenones also have a significant scavenging effect on the menadione-induced cell death on the myoblasts. The ortho-dihydroxyl structure and other hydroxy groups in the same ring have a stronger scavenging effect on the superoxide anion on myoblasts; thus, a stable penoxy radical may be formed. The mechanism of this effect remains to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, ROC
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Sheu SY, Tsai HJ, Chiang HC. Benzophenones as xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Anticancer Res 1999; 19:1131-5. [PMID: 10368664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Eight synthetic benzophenones were tested for their inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase (XO). The enzyme, XO catalyses the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and of xanthine to uric acid, which has a lambda max of 295 nm, forming the basis for a spectrophotometric assay for the activity of XO. The results showed that 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone (6), 3,4,5,2',3',4'-hexahydroxybenzophenone (8) and 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone (3) displayed the inhibitory effects on XO with an order of activity of IC50 = 47.59, 69.40 and 82.94 microM, respectively. The apparent inhibition constants (Ki) of (8) and (3) were 15.61 and 64.86 microM respectively, and both of them induced mixed type (non-competitive-uncompetitive) inhibitions of the substrate xanthine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical College, Taiwan
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Chang HJ, Sheu SY, Lo SJ. Expression of foreign antigens on the surface of Escherichia coli by fusion to the outer membrane protein traT. J Biomed Sci 1999; 6:64-70. [PMID: 9933744 DOI: 10.1007/bf02256425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The traT gene is one of the F factor transfer genes and encodes an outer membrane protein which is involved in interactions between an Escherichia coli and its surroundings. This protein was altered so as to permit the expression of foreign proteins on the outer membrane of E. coli in this study. A 729-bp DNA fragment, including the leader and entire structural gene sequence of traT, was amplified and obtained by PCR. This sequence was then subcloned downstream of the tac promoter of pDR540, resulting in a TraT expression vector, pT2. Here, we report that the expression of TraT protein, fused either with a partial pre-S antigen of hepatitis B virus (60 and 98 amino acids, respectively) or with the snake venom rhodostomin (72 amino acids), was successfully achieved on the outer membrane of E. coli, using the pT2 plasmid. This result was demonstrated using dot blot and immunofluorescence analysis. This finding supports the notion that the pT2 plasmid can be used as an E. coli display system. This system can detect a foreign peptide of about 100 amino acid residues in length on the bacterial surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Chang
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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44
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Sheu SY, Lin CY, Wu JD, Chiang HC. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by benzothiazinone analogues. Anticancer Res 1999; 19:119-23. [PMID: 10226532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen synthetic benzothiazinone analogues were tested for their inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase. The enzyme, xanthine oxidase (XO) catalyses the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and of xanthine to uric acid, which has a lambda max of 295 nm, forming the basis for a spectrophotometric assay for the activity of xanthine oxidase. The results showed that 2-amino-4H-1,3-benzothiazine-4-one (1), 2-guanidino-4H-1,3-benzothiazin-4-one (2) and rhodanine (3) display inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase with an order of activity of IC50 = 5.54, 5.60 and 121.40 microM respectively. The apparent inhibition constants (Ki) were 5.12, 19.47 and 206.23 microM, and induced non-competitive, mixed type (non-competitive-uncompetitive) and mixed type (non-competitive-uncompetitive) inhibitions respectively with respect to the substrate xanthine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical College, Taiwan, ROC
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45
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Sheu SY, Lai CH, Chiang HC. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by purpurogallin and silymarin group. Anticancer Res 1998; 18:263-7. [PMID: 9568088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen phenolic compounds were tested for their inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase. The enzyme xanthine oxidase catalyses the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and of xanthine to uric acid, which has lambda max of 295 nm, forming the basis for a spectrophotometric assay of the activity of xanthine oxidase. The results showed that purpurogallin and silymarin group displayed the inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase (IC50 = 2.96 +/- 0.12 and 27.58 +/- 3.48 microM, respectively). Their apparent inhibition constants (Ki) were 1.16 and 5.85 microM, and induced uncompetitive and mixed type (non-competitive-uncompetitive) inhibitions respectively, with respect to the substrate xanthine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical College, Taiwan, ROC
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Sheu SY, Tsuang YH, Hsu FL, Lu FJ, Chiang HC. Superoxide anion scavenge effect of Quercus glauca Thunb. in whole blood of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Am J Chin Med 1997; 25:307-15. [PMID: 9358904 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x97000342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nine phenolic compounds, catechin (1), epicatechin (2), gallocatechin (3), epigallocatechin (4), procyanidin B-4 (5), catechin-3-O-rhamnoside (6), rutin (7), querglanin (8) and isoquerglanin (9) were isolated from oak leaves (Quercus glauca Thunb. Fagaceae), and the latter two (8, 9) were identified as new compounds. Several Quercus species have been used in folk medicine as an astringent for hemorrhoids and for treatment of inflammation, jaundice, and tumor. In this study, these compounds were tested for scavenging effects of the superoxide anion in the whole blood of patients with ankylosing spondylitis by means of an ultra-sensitive chemoluminescence (CL) analyzer and lucigenin amplification. The results showed that at a concentration of 2.3 x 10(-5) M, isoquerglanin (9) displayed the strongest inhibition activity (73.55%), followed by querglanin (8) (68.81%) and then gallocatechin (3) and epigallocatechin (4) (66.97 and 60.17% inhibition, respectively). In addition, the blood chemoluminescence (CL) level of patients with ankylosing spondylitis was inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD) but not by catalase, suggesting that superoxide anion is the major component of reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in this assay system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
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Sheu SY, Chiang HC. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by hydroxylated anthraquinones and related compounds. Anticancer Res 1997; 17:3293-7. [PMID: 9413162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Eighteen anthraquinones and related compounds were tested for their inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase. The enzyme, xanthine oxidase catalyses the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and of xanthine to uric acid, which has a lambda max of 295nm, forming the basis for a spectrophotometric assay of the activity of xanthine oxidase. The results showed that anthrarobin and purpurin showed moderate effects on xanthine oxidase inhibition (IC50 = 68.35 and 105.13 microM; Ki = 122.38 and 130.49 microM respectively), and both of them induced mixed type (competitive-non-competitive) inhibition with respect to the substrate xanthine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical College, Taiwan, ROC
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48
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Sheu SY, Lin YC, Chiang HC. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by synthetic cytokinin analogues. Anticancer Res 1997; 17:1043-9. [PMID: 9137447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen synthetic cytokinin analogues were tested for their inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase. The enzyme, xanthine oxidase catalyses the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and of xanthine to uric acid, which has a gamma max of 295 nm, forming the basis for a spectrophotometric assay of the activity of xanthine oxidase. The results showed that 8-azaadenine(1), 4-amino-6-hydroxypyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidine(4), 4-amino-6-mercaptopyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidine(5) and 4-aminopyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidine(6) display inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase with an order of activity of IC50 = 0.54, 5.91, 8.17 and 25.46 microM, respectively. Their apparent inhibition constants (Ki) were 0.66, 1.54, 6.61 and 26.79 microM, and induced mixed(competitive-non-competitive), competitive, mixed (competitive-non-competitive), and competitive types of inhibition respectively, with respect to the substrate xanthine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical College, Taiwan, ROC
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Sheu SY, Lin YC, Chiang HC. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by cytokinins and related substances. Anticancer Res 1996; 16:3571-6. [PMID: 9042223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen cytokinins were tested for their inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase. The enzyme, xanthine oxidase catalyses the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and of xanthine to uric acid which has lambda max of 295 nm, forming the basis for a spectrophotometric assay of the activity of xanthine oxidase. The results showed that adenine-HCl, N6-(2-isopentenyl)-adenine, purine and DL-dihydrozeatin displayed very potent activities (IC50 = 1.92, 10.99, 60.98 and 86.36 microM respectively). Their apparent inhibition constants (Ki) were 2.20, 17.99, 13.59 and 115.62 microM, and induced competitive, uncompetitive, competitive and non-competitive type inhibitions respectively with respect to the substrate xanthine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical College, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Berezhkovskii AM, Yang DY, Sheu SY, Lin SH. Stochastic gating in diffusion-influenced ligand binding to proteins: Gated protein versus gated ligands. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1996; 54:4462-4464. [PMID: 9965605 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.54.4462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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