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Lin PC, Chang WS, Hsiao KY, Liu HM, Shia BC, Chen MC, Hsieh PY, Lai TW, Lin FH, Chang CC. Development of a Machine Learning Algorithm to Correlate Lumbar Disc Height on X-rays with Disc Bulging or Herniation. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:134. [PMID: 38248010 PMCID: PMC10814412 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Lumbar disc bulging or herniation (LDBH) is one of the major causes of spinal stenosis and related nerve compression, and its severity is the major determinant for spine surgery. MRI of the spine is the most important diagnostic tool for evaluating the need for surgical intervention in patients with LDBH. However, MRI utilization is limited by its low accessibility. Spinal X-rays can rapidly provide information on the bony structure of the patient. Our study aimed to identify the factors associated with LDBH, including disc height, and establish a clinical diagnostic tool to support its diagnosis based on lumbar X-ray findings. In this study, a total of 458 patients were used for analysis and 13 clinical and imaging variables were collected. Five machine-learning (ML) methods, including LASSO regression, MARS, decision tree, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting, were applied and integrated to identify important variables for predicting LDBH from lumbar spine X-rays. The results showed L4-5 posterior disc height, age, and L1-2 anterior disc height to be the top predictors, and a decision tree algorithm was constructed to support clinical decision-making. Our study highlights the potential of ML-based decision tools for surgeons and emphasizes the importance of L1-2 disc height in relation to LDBH. Future research will expand on these findings to develop a more comprehensive decision-supporting model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pao-Chun Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan; (P.-C.L.); (F.-H.L.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan; (W.-S.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (B.-C.S.); (M.-C.C.)
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan; (W.-S.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (B.-C.S.); (M.-C.C.)
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Man Liu
- Department of Radiology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan;
| | - Ben-Chang Shia
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan; (W.-S.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (B.-C.S.); (M.-C.C.)
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan; (W.-S.C.); (K.-Y.H.); (B.-C.S.); (M.-C.C.)
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Hsieh
- Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu City 310401, Taiwan; (P.-Y.H.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Tseng-Wei Lai
- Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu City 310401, Taiwan; (P.-Y.H.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 10617, Taiwan; (P.-C.L.); (F.-H.L.)
| | - Che-Cheng Chang
- Department of Neurology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
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Yang IH, Szabó L, Sasaki M, Uto K, Henzie J, Lin FH, Samitsu S, Ebara M. Biobased chitosan-derived self-nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanofibers containing nitrogen-doped zeolites for efficient removal of uremic toxins during hemodialysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126880. [PMID: 37709226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient adsorbents are needed to remove uremic toxins and reduce the economic and societal burden of the current dialysis treatments in resource-limited environments. In this study, nanostructured porous carbon nanofibers with nitrogen-doped zeolites (NZ-PCNF) were prepared, by electrospinning zeolites with chitosan-poly(ethylene oxide) blends, followed by a one-step carbonization process, without further activation steps or aggressive chemical additives for N-doping. The results showed that N-zeolites were successfully integrated into an ultrafine carbon nanofiber network, with a uniform nanofiber diameter of approximately 25 nm, hierarchical porous structure (micro- and mesopores), and high specific surface area (639.29 m2/g), facilitating uremic toxin diffusion and adsorption. The self-N-doped structure in the NZ-PCNF removed more creatinine (∼1.8 times) than the porous carbon nanofibers when using the same weight of precursor materials. Cytotoxicity and hemolysis tests were performed to verify the safety of NZ-PCNF. This study provides a novel strategy for transforming chitosan-based materials into state-of-the-art porous carbon nanofiber/zeolite self-N-doped composites, affording an efficient bioderived adsorbent for the removal of uremic toxins in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Hsuan Yang
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei 10672, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - László Szabó
- International Center for Young Scientists, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Koichiro Uto
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Joel Henzie
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei 10672, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Sadaki Samitsu
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ebara
- Research Center for Macromolecules and Biomaterials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan; Graduate School of Industrial Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
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Wu YC, Su MC, Wu CS, Chen PY, Chen IF, Lin FH, Kuo SM. Ameliorative Effects of Cumin Extract-Encapsulated Chitosan Nanoparticles on Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Grip Strength in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 38275626 PMCID: PMC10812640 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a disorder characterized by reductions in muscle size and strength. Cumin extract (CE) possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic properties. Its pharmaceutical applications are hindered by its low water solubility and by its cytotoxicity when administered at high doses. In this study, we have developed a simplified water distillation method using a rotary evaporator to isolate the active components in cumin seeds. The anti-inflammatory effects of CE and its potential to ameliorate skeletal muscle atrophy in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes were evaluated. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of CE for cells was 80 μM. By encapsulating CE in chitosan nanoparticles (CECNs), an encapsulation efficacy of 87.1% was achieved with a slow release of 90% of CE after 24 h of culturing, resulting in CECNs with significantly reduced cytotoxicity (IC50, 1.2 mM). Both CE and CECNs significantly reduced the inflammatory response in interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β assays. STZ-induced diabetic rats exhibited sustained high blood glucose levels (>16.5 mmol/L), small and damaged pancreatic β islets, and skeletal muscle atrophy. CE and CECN treatments ameliorated skeletal muscle atrophy, recovered muscle fiber striated appearance, increased grip strength, and decreased IL-6 level. Furthermore, CE and CECNs led to a reduction of damage to the pancreas, restoring its morphological phenotype, increasing serum insulin levels, and lowering blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Taken together, treatment with CECNs over a 6-week period yielded positive ameliorative effects in STZ-induced rats of muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiuan Wu
- Republic of China Military Academy, Kaohsiung 830208, Taiwan;
- Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 802301, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chien Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; (M.-C.S.); (P.-Y.C.); (I.-F.C.)
| | - Chun-Shien Wu
- Center of General Education, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan;
| | - Pin-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; (M.-C.S.); (P.-Y.C.); (I.-F.C.)
| | - I-Fen Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; (M.-C.S.); (P.-Y.C.); (I.-F.C.)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Shyh-Ming Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan; (M.-C.S.); (P.-Y.C.); (I.-F.C.)
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Chen PH, Chen CW, Mao HI, Dai CA, Su CS, Tsai JC, Lin FH. Bio-Based PLA/PBS/PBAT Ternary Blends with Added Nanohydroxyapatite: A Thermal, Physical, and Mechanical Study. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4585. [PMID: 38232012 PMCID: PMC10708084 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The physical and mechanical properties of novel bio-based polymer blends of polylactic acid (PLA), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) with various added amounts of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) were investigated in this study. The formulations of PLA/PBS/PBAT/nHA blends were divided into two series, A and B, containing 70 or 80 wt% PLA, respectively. Samples of four specimens per series were prepared using a twin-screw extruder, and different amounts of nHA were added to meet the regeneration needs of bone graft materials. FTIR and XRD analyses were employed to identify the presence of each polymer and nHA in the various blends. The crystallization behavior of these blends was examined using DSC. Tensile and impact strength tests were performed on all samples to screen feasible formulations of polymer blends for bone graft material applications. Surface morphology analyses were conducted using SEM, and the dispersion of nHA particles in the blends was further tested using TEM. The added nHA also served as a nucleating agent aimed at improving the crystallinity and mechanical properties of the blends. Through the above analyses, the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer blends are reported and the most promising bone graft material formulations are suggested. All blends were tested for thermal degradation analysis using TGA and thermal stability was confirmed. The water absorption experiments carried out in this study showed that the addition of nHA could improve the hydrophilicity of the blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hua Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235041, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Wen Chen
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Research and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106344, Taiwan;
| | - Hsu-I Mao
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, Research and Development Center of Smart Textile Technology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106344, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-An Dai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan;
| | - Chie-Shaan Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106344, Taiwan;
| | - Jung-Chin Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan;
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5
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Lin YW, Fang CH, Liang YJ, Yang CY, Kuo WT, Lin FH. Controlled release of Clenbuterol from a hydroxyapatite carrier for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Biomater Res 2023; 27:98. [PMID: 37798744 PMCID: PMC10557233 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, and Aβ aggregation is considered to be the central process implicated in its pathogenesis. Current treatments are faced by challenges such as serious side effects and reduced drug bioavailability. In this study, we developed a drug delivery system for intramuscular injection that uses cellular activity to achieve constant and long-term drug release. METHODS Synthesized mesoporous hydroxyapatite (SHAP) was prepared via co-precipitation, and hydrophobic surface modification using stearic acid was then used to load clenbuterol by physical absorption, thus creating the drug delivery system. Clenbuterol release was achieved through cellular activity, with macrophage uptake triggering lysosome/endosome disruption, cytoplasmic release, extracellular exocytosis, and subsequent systemic circulation. RESULTS We found that clenbuterol-loaded SHAP enabled sustained release for more than 2 weeks and effectively modulated inflammation, reduced Aβ oligomer-induced toxicity, and prevented Aβ aggregation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that treatment with clenbuterol loaded in this SHAP delivery system could be a promising strategy for treating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiang Fang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, No.7, Chung Shan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist, Taipei City, 100225, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jyun Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yun Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Kuo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, 35053, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
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Tang RC, Yang IH, Lin FH. Current Role and Potential of Polymeric Biomaterials in Clinical Obesity Treatment. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3438-3449. [PMID: 37442789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The rise of obesity and associated fatal diseases has taken a massive toll worldwide. Despite the existing pharmaceuticals and bariatric surgeries, these approaches manifest limited efficacy or accompany various side effects. Therefore, researchers seek to facilitate the prolonged and specific delivery of therapeutics. Or else, to mimic the essential part of "gastric bypass" by physically blocking excessive absorption via less invasive methods. To achieve these goals, polymeric biomaterials have gained tremendous interest recently. They are known for synthesizing hydrogels, microneedle patches, mucoadhesive coatings, polymer conjugates, and so forth. In this Review, we provide insights into the current studies of polymeric biomaterials in the prevention and treatment of obesity, inspiring future improvements in this regime of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chian Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Road, Taipei 10672, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Road, Taipei 10672, Taiwan
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Lin FH, Hsu YC, Chang KC, Shyong YJ. Porous hydroxyapatite carrier enables localized and sustained delivery of honokiol for glioma treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023:S0939-6411(23)00169-8. [PMID: 37391090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to develop hydroxyapatite (HAp) particles for targeted delivery of honokiol to tumor sites after glioma surgical management. Honokiol is released from the HAp-honokiol particles inside cancer cells through endocytosis and subsequent acid lysosomal dissolution. HAp is synthesized using a co-precipitation method, and egg white is added to create porous structures. The HAp is then surface-modified with stearic acid to enhance its hydrophobicity and loaded with honokiol to form HAp-honokiol particles. The synthesized particles are of appropriate size and characteristics for cancer cell uptake. Honokiol remains attached on to the HAp particles in neutral environments due to its hydrophobic nature, but undergoes rapid burst release in acidic environments such as lysosomes. The HAp-honokiol treatment shows a delayed effect on cell viability and cytotoxicity, indicating sustained drug release without compromising drug efficacy. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrates the apoptosis pathway induced by HAp-honokiol in ALTS1C1 glioma cells. In an in vivo study using a mouse glioma model, MRI results showed a 40% reduction in tumor size after HAp-honokiol treatment. These findings suggest that HAp-honokiol particles have potential as an effective drug delivery system for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chi Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Jye Shyong
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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Chen SH, Lien PH, Lin FH, Chou PY, Chen CH, Chen ZY, Chen SH, Hsieh ST, Huang CC, Kao HK. Aligned core-shell fibrous nerve wrap containing Bletilla striata polysaccharide improves functional outcomes of peripheral nerve repair. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124636. [PMID: 37119896 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries are commonly encountered in extremity traumas. Their motor and sensory recovery following microsurgical repair is limited by slow regeneration speed (<1 mm/d) and subsequent muscle atrophy, which are consequently correlated with the activity of local Schwann cells and efficacy of axon outgrowth. To promote post-surgical nerve regeneration, we synthesized a nerve wrap consisting of an aligned polycaprolactone (PCL) fiber shell with a Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) core (APB). Cell experiments demonstrated that the APB nerve wrap markedly promoted neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell migration and proliferation. Animal experiments applying a rat sciatic nerve repair model indicated that the APB nerve wrap restored conduction efficacy of the repaired nerve and the compound action potential as well as contraction force of the related leg muscles. Histology of the downstream nerves disclosed significantly higher fascicle diameter and myelin thickness with the APB nerve wrap compared to those without BSP. Thus, the BSP-loaded nerve wrap is potentially beneficial for the functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair and offers sustained targeted release of a natural polysaccharide with good bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Heng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Hao Lien
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Yun Chou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tsang Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Kai Kao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Lin YY, Kuan CY, Chang CT, Chuang MH, Syu WS, Zhang KL, Lee CH, Lin PC, Dong GC, Lin FH. 3D-Cultured Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Spheres Using Calcium-Alginate Scaffolds for Osteoarthritis Treatment in a Mono-Iodoacetate-Induced Rat Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087062. [PMID: 37108239 PMCID: PMC10138691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that causes pain, cartilage deformation, and joint inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potential therapeutic agents for OA treatment. However, the 2D culture of MSCs could potentially affect their characteristics and functionality. In this study, calcium-alginate (Ca-Ag) scaffolds were prepared for human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC) proliferation with a homemade functionally closed process bioreactor system; the feasibility of cultured hADSC spheres in heterologous stem cell therapy for OA treatment was then evaluated. hADSC spheres were collected from Ca-Ag scaffolds by removing calcium ions via ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation. In this study, 2D-cultured individual hADSCs or hADSC spheres were evaluated for treatment efficacy in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model. The results of gait analysis and histological sectioning showed that hADSC spheres were more effective at relieving arthritis degeneration. The results of serological and blood element analyses of hADSC-treated rats indicated that the hADSC spheres were a safe treatment in vivo. This study demonstrates that hADSC spheres are a promising treatment for OA and can be applied to other stem cell therapies or regenerative medical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yung Kuan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tien Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- College of Management, Chung Hwa University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Sin Syu
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ling Zhang
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Lee
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Chung Dong
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
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Yang CC, Wang MH, Soung HS, Tseng HC, Lin FH, Chang KC, Tsai CC. Through Its Powerful Antioxidative Properties, L-Theanine Ameliorates Vincristine-Induced Neuropathy in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040803. [PMID: 37107178 PMCID: PMC10135327 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
L-theanine (LT), which is a major amino acid found in green tea, was shown to alleviate Vincristine (VCR)-induced peripheral neuropathy and associated neuronal functional changes in rats. To induce peripheral neuropathy, rats were administered VCR at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally on days 1–5 and 8–12, while control rats received LT at doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally for 21 days or saline solution. Electrophysiological measurements were taken to evaluate the nerve functional loss and recovery through motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities. The sciatic nerve was examined for several biomarkers, including nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total calcium, IL-6, IL-10, MPO, and caspase-3. The results showed that VCR caused significant hyperalgesia and allodynia in rats; decreased nerve conduction velocity; increased NO and MDA levels; and decreased GSH, SOD, CAT, and IL-10 levels. LT was found to significantly reduce VCR-induced nociceptive pain thresholds, decrease oxidative stress levels (NO, MDA), increase antioxidative strength (GSH, SOD, CAT), and reduce neuroinflammatory activity and apoptosis markers (caspase-3). LT’s antioxidant, calcium homeostasis, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective properties make it a potential adjuvant to conventional treatment in VCR-induced neuropathy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei 11260, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Hsien Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, En Chu Kon Hospital, Sanshia District, New Taipei City 23702, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sheng Soung
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuan-Shan Br. of Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Yilan County 26604, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chien Tseng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chi Chang
- Institute of Taiwan Instrument Research, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-928260400
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11
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Chen WT, Tsai YH, Tan P, Hsu FT, Wang HMD, Lin WC, Lin FH, Wu CT. Fluoxetine Inhibits STAT3-mediated Survival and Invasion of Osteosarcoma Cells. Anticancer Res 2023; 43:1193-1199. [PMID: 36854535 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common primary malignancy of bone in adolescents. Its highly metastatic characteristics can lead to treatment failure and poor prognosis. Although standard treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, have progressed in the past decade, treatment options to overcome metastatic progression remain sparse. Fluoxetine, an anti-depressant, has been widely used in patients with cancer for their mental issues and was reported to possess antitumor potential. However, the effect of fluoxetine on OS remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we used cell viability, invasion/migration transwell, wound-healing and aortic ring assays to identify the effects of fluoxetine on metastasis and progression in OS. RESULTS Fluoxetine induced cytotoxicity in OS cells by activating both extrinsic/intrinsic apoptosis signaling pathways. Proliferation and anti-apoptosis-related factors such as cyclin D1 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis were suppressed by fluoxetine. Additionally, fluoxetine suppressed the invasive/migratory abilities of OS and inhibited the development of angiogenesis by reducing the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Metastasis-associated factors, vascular endothelial growth factors, matrix metallopeptidase 2 and -9, were all reduced in OS cells by fluoxetine treatment. CONCLUSION Fluoxetine not only induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis of OS cells, but also suppresses metastasis and angiogenesis by targeting STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chen
- Department of Psychosomatics, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yuan-Hsin Tsai
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Peggy Tan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fei-Ting Hsu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Chin Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, New Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ching-Te Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Atila D, Keskin D, Lee YL, Lin FH, Hasirci V, Tezcaner A. Injectable methacrylated gelatin/thiolated pectin hydrogels carrying melatonin/tideglusib-loaded core/shell PMMA/silk fibroin electrospun fibers for vital pulp regeneration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113078. [PMID: 36525752 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Use of injectable hydrogels attract attention in the regeneration of dental pulp due to their ability to fill non-uniform voids such as pulp cavities. Here, gelatin methacrylate/thiolated pectin hydrogels (GelMA/PecTH) carrying electrospun core/shell fibers of melatonin (Mel)-polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/Tideglusib (Td)-silk fibroin (SF) were designed as an injectable hydrogel for vital pulp regeneration, through prolonged release of Td and Mel to induce proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). H NMR and FTIR confirmed methacrylation of Gel and thiolation of Pec. Addition of PMMA/SF increased degradation and water retention capacities of GelMA/PecTH. Rheological analyses and syringe tests proved the injectability of the hydrogel systems. Release studies indicated that Td and Mel were released from the fibers inside the hydrogels sequentially due to their specific locations. This release pattern from the hydrogels resulted in DPSC proliferation and odontogenic differentiation in vitro. Gene expression studies showed that the upregulation of DMP1, DSPP, and Axin-2 genes was promoted by GelMA/PecTH carrying PMMA/SF loaded with Mel (50 µg/mL) and Td (200 nM), respectively. Our results suggest that this hydrogel system holds promise for use in the regeneration of pulp tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Atila
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; MODSIMMER, Modeling and Simulation Research & Development Center, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, CoE in Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine (IBEN), National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Dilek Keskin
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; MODSIMMER, Modeling and Simulation Research & Development Center, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, CoE in Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Yuan-Ling Lee
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University and Hospital, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine (IBEN), National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine & College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Vasif Hasirci
- BIOMATEN, CoE in Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University (ACU), Istanbul 34758, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; MODSIMMER, Modeling and Simulation Research & Development Center, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, CoE in Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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13
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Chiang CY, Chang WC, Chang WM, Shih YC, Lin FH, Wu CC, Yang KC. An assessment of physical properties and the viability of osteoblast-like cells of cefazolin-impregnated calcium sulfate bone-void filler. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:382-391. [PMID: 36053824 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Calcium sulfate, an injectable and biodegradable bone-void filler, is widely used in orthopedic surgery. Based on clinical experience, bone-defect substitutes can also serve as vehicles for the delivery of drugs, for example, antibiotics, to prevent or to treat infections such as osteomyelitis. However, antibiotic additions change the characteristics of calcium sulfate cement. Moreover, high-dose antibiotics may also be toxic to bony tissues. Accordingly, cefazolin at varying weight ratios was added to calcium sulfate samples and characterized in vitro. The results revealed that cefazolin changed the hydration reaction and prolonged the initial setting times of calcium sulfate bone cement. For the crystalline structure identification, X-ray diffractometer revealed that cefazolin additive resulted in the decrease of peak intensity corresponding to calcium sulfate dihydrate which implying incomplete phase conversion of calcium sulfate hemihydrate. In addition, scanning electron microscope inspection exhibited cefazolin changed the morphology and size of the crystals greatly. A relatively higher amount of cefazolin additive caused a faster degradation and a lower compressive strength of calcium sulfate compared with those of uploaded samples. Furthermore, the extract of cefazolin-impregnated calcium sulfate impaired cell viability, and caused the death of osteoblast-like cells. The results of this study revealed that the cefazolin additives prolonged setting time, impaired mechanical strength, accelerated degradation, and caused cytotoxicity of the calcium sulfate bone-void filler. The aforementioned concerns should be considered during intra-operative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yung Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Chang
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Min Chang
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chuan Shih
- Department of Orthopedics, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chiang Yang
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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14
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Chen SH, Kao HK, Wun JR, Chou PY, Chen ZY, Chen SH, Hsieh ST, Fang HW, Lin FH. Thermosensitive hydrogel carrying extracellular vesicles from adipose-derived stem cells promotes peripheral nerve regeneration after microsurgical repair. APL Bioeng 2022; 6:046103. [PMID: 36345317 PMCID: PMC9637024 DOI: 10.1063/5.0118862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries are commonly occurring traumas of the extremities; functional recovery is hindered by slow nerve regeneration (<1 mm/day) following microsurgical repair and subsequent muscle atrophy. Functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair is highly dependent on local Schwann cell activity and axon regeneration speed. Herein, to promote nerve regeneration, paracrine signals of adipose-derived stem cells were applied in the form of extracellular vesicles (EVs) loaded in a thermosensitive hydrogel (PALDE) that could solidify rapidly and sustain high EV concentration around a repaired nerve during surgery. Cell experiments revealed that PALDE hydrogel markedly promotes Schwann-cell migration and proliferation and axon outgrowth. In a rat sciatic nerve repair model, the PALDE hydrogel increased repaired-nerve conduction efficacy; contraction force of leg muscles innervated by the repaired nerve also recovered. Electromicroscopic examination of downstream nerves indicated that fascicle diameter and myeline thickness in the PALDE group (1.91 ± 0.61 and 1.06 ± 0.40 μm, respectively) were significantly higher than those in PALD and control groups. Thus, this EV-loaded thermosensitive hydrogel is a potential cell-free therapeutic modality to improve peripheral-nerve regeneration, offering sustained and focused EV release around the nerve-injury site to overcome rapid clearance and maintain EV bioactivity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Heng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Kai Kao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ru Wun
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Yun Chou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Tsang Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Wei Fang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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15
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De Bartolo L, Piscioneri A, Stamatialis D, Lin FH. Editorial: Bioengineering systems for therapeutic and in vitro platforms. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1090317. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1090317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Wu SF, Lin CY, Tsai RK, Wen YT, Lin FH, Chang CY, Shen CI, Lin SZ, Harn HJ, Chiou TW, Liu CS, Chen YT, Su HL. Mitochondrial Transplantation Moderately Ameliorates Retinal Degeneration in Royal College of Surgeons Rats. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2883. [PMID: 36359403 PMCID: PMC9687640 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells possess high mitochondria content for energy production, which is required for phagocytosis and vision cycle metabolism. The mitochondrial integrity in RPE cells helps the homeostasis of photoreceptor turnover and prevents retina aging and degeneration. Mitochondrial transplantation benefits the recovery of several acute inflammatory diseases, leading us to investigate the effects of mitochondrial transplantation on retina degeneration. Allogeneic mitochondria were isolated and delivered into the vitreous chamber in the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats, which exhibit inherited and early-onset retina degeneration. The progress of retina degeneration was examined with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual evoked potential (VEP) to determine the retina thickness and integrity of afferent electrical signals from affected eyes, respectively. We found that mitochondria engraftment moderately attenuated the degeneration of retinal layers in RCS rats by histological examination. This result was consistent with the OCT measurement of retina thickness around the optic disc. The VEP analysis revealed that the peak one (N1) latency, representing the arriving time of electrical impulse from the retina to cortex, was substantially maintained as the normal value after the mitochondrial transplantation. This result suggests that the intra-vitreous transplanted mitochondria ameliorate the degeneration of photoreceptors in RCS rats and might be potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Fang Wu
- The Joint Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Health Research Institutes and National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Kung Tsai
- Institute of Eye Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tseng Wen
- Institute of Eye Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chang
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Ching-I Shen
- Duogenic Stem Cells Corporation, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Departments of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ting Chen
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lin Su
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Hu MH, Yang KC, Chen CW, Chu PH, Chang YL, Sun YH, Lin FH, Yang SH. Multilayer Electrospun-Aligned Fibroin/Gelatin Implant for Annulus Fibrosus Repair: An In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092107. [PMID: 36140208 PMCID: PMC9495938 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Annulus fibrosus (AF) damage is proven to prompt intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, and unrepaired AF lesions after surgical discectomy may boost herniation of the nucleus pulposus (NP) which may lead to further compression of neural structures. Moreover, vascular and neural ingrowth may occur within the defect which is known as a possible reason for discogenic pain. Due to a limited healing capacity, an effective strategy to repair and close the AF defect is necessary. In this study, using electrospinning technology, two nature polymers, silk fibroin and gelatin, were linked to imitate the unique lamellae structure of native AF. Our findings revealed that a multilayer electrospun-aligned fibroin/gelatin scaffold with mechanical and morphological properties mimicking those of native AF lamellae have been developed. The average diameter of the nanofiber is 162.9 ± 38.8 nm. The young’s modulus is around 6.70 MPa with an ultimate tensile strength of around 1.81 MP along preferred orientation. The in vitro test confirmed its biocompatibility and ability to maintain cell viability and colonization. Using a porcine model, we demonstrated that the multilayer-aligned scaffold offered a crucial microenvironment to induce collagen fibrous tissue production within native AF defect. In the implant-repaired AF, H&E staining showed homogeneous fibroblast-like cell infiltration at the repaired defect with very little vascular ingrowth, which was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging findings. Picrosirius red staining and immunohistochemical staining against type I collagen revealed positively stained fibrous tissue in an aligned pattern within the implant-integrated site. Relative to the intact control group, the disc height index of the serial X-ray decreased significantly in both the injury control and implant group at 4 weeks and 8 weeks (p < 0.05) which indicated this scaffold may not reverse the degenerative process. However, the results of the discography showed that the effectiveness of annulus repair of the implant group is much superior to that of the untreated group. The scaffold, composed with nature fibroin/gelatin polymers, could potentially enhance AF healing that could prevent IVD recurrent herniation, as well as neural and neovascular ingrowth after discectomy surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsiao Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chiang Yang
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Liang Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hui Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hua Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (ext. 63981)
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19
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Yang IH, Kuan CY, Chen ZY, Li CH, Chi CY, Lin YY, Liang YJ, Kuo WT, Li YA, Lin FH. Engineered cell-laden thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-immobilized gelatin microspheres as 3D cell carriers for regenerative medicine. Mater Today Bio 2022; 15:100266. [PMID: 35517579 PMCID: PMC9062325 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have focused on using cell carriers to solve the problem of mesenchymal stem cell expansion on regenerative medicine. However, the disadvantages of using prolonged enzymatic treatment and low cell harvest efficiency still trouble researchers. In this study, PNIPAAm-immobilized gelatin microspheres (abbreviated as GNMS) were synthesized using a simple power-driven flow-focusing microinjection system. The developed thermosensitive GNMS can allow easier harvesting of cells from the microspheres, requiring only 10 min of low-temperature treatment and 5 min of trypsin treatment. The developed GNMS was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Further, live/dead staining, F-actin staining, and PrestoBlue cell viability assays were used to evaluate cytotoxicity, cell morphology, cell proliferation, and harvest efficiency. The gene expression of stem cell markers was determined by real-time quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) analysis to investigate the stemness and phenotypic changes in Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The results showed that the engineered cell-laden thermosensitive GNMS could significantly increase the cell harvest rate with over 99% cell survival rate and no change in the cell phenotype. Thus, the described strategy GNMS could be the suitable 3D cell carriers in the therapeutic application and opens new avenues for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yung Kuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Han Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chi
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jyun Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
- PhD Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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20
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Lien WC, Ching CTS, Lai ZW, Wang HMD, Lin JS, Huang YC, Lin FH, Wang WF. Intelligent Fall-Risk Assessment Based on Gait Stability and Symmetry Among Older Adults Using Tri-Axial Accelerometry. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:887269. [PMID: 35646883 PMCID: PMC9136169 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.887269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to use the k-nearest neighbor (kNN) algorithm, which combines gait stability and symmetry derived from a normalized cross-correlation (NCC) analysis of acceleration signals from the bilateral ankles of older adults, to assess fall risk. Fifteen non-fallers and 12 recurrent fallers without clinically significant musculoskeletal and neurological diseases participated in the study. Sex, body mass index, previous falls, and the results of the 10 m walking test (10 MWT) were recorded. The acceleration of the five gait cycles from the midsection of each 10 MWT was used to calculate the unilateral NCC coefficients for gait stability and bilateral NCC coefficients for gait symmetry, and then kNN was applied for classifying non-fallers and recurrent fallers. The duration of the 10 MWT was longer among recurrent fallers than it was among non-fallers (p < 0.05). Since the gait signals were acquired from tri-axial accelerometry, the kNN F1 scores with the x-axis components were 92% for non-fallers and 89% for recurrent fallers, and the root sum of squares (RSS) of the signals was 95% for non-fallers and 94% for recurrent fallers. The kNN classification on gait stability and symmetry revealed good accuracy in terms of distinguishing non-fallers and recurrent fallers. Specifically, it was concluded that the RSS-based NCC coefficients can serve as effective gait features to assess the risk of falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Lien
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Congo Tak-Shing Ching
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Wei Lai
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Siang Lin
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chang Huang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nano-medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Feng-Huei Lin, ; Wen-Fong Wang,
| | - Wen-Fong Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Feng-Huei Lin, ; Wen-Fong Wang,
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21
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Li CH, Yang IH, Ke CJ, Chi CY, Matahum J, Kuan CY, Celikkin N, Swieszkowski W, Lin FH. The Production of Fat-Containing Cultured Meat by Stacking Aligned Muscle Layers and Adipose Layers Formed From Gelatin-Soymilk Scaffold. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:875069. [PMID: 35497336 PMCID: PMC9039213 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.875069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineered cultured meat has been proposed as an emerging innovative process for meat production to overcome the severe consequences of livestock farming, climate change, and an increasing global population. However, currently, cultured meat lacks organized tissue structure, possesses insufficient fat content, and incurs high production costs, which are the major ongoing challenges. In this study, a developed scaffold was synthesized using gelatin and soymilk to create a friendly environment for myogenesis and adipogenesis in C2C12 and 3T3-L1 cells, respectively. The fat containing cultured meat was fabricated with an aligned muscle-like layer and adipose-like layer by stacking these layers alternately. The muscle-like layer expressing myosin and the adipose-like layer abundant in fat were sandwiched to form fat containing muscle tissue. The cytotoxicity and cell survival rate were evaluated using the WST-1 assay and live/dead staining. Myogenesis was confirmed by the expression of myogenin and myosin. The myotubes, myofibrils, and sarcomeres were observed under an inverted microscope, fluorescence microscope, and scanning electron microscope. Adipogenesis was evaluated by protein expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and oil droplet accumulation was determined by fluorescence microscopy with Nile Red stain. Extracellular matrix secretion was examined by safranin-O staining. In this study, the cultured meat was prepared with muscle-like texture with the addition of pre-adipocyte, where the multilayered muscle-like tissues with fat content would produce juicy cultured meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Han Li
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cherng-Jyh Ke
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chi
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jefunnie Matahum
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yung Kuan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nehar Celikkin
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Swieszkowski
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Hsinchu, Taiwan,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Feng-Huei Lin,
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22
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Ke YC, Chen TC, Tang RC, Lin JN, Lin FH. Development of resveratrol with thiolated alginate as a supplement to prevent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). APL Bioeng 2022; 6:016102. [PMID: 35178496 PMCID: PMC8828268 DOI: 10.1063/5.0081695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a common metabolic liver disease of all ages worldwide. However, current pharmacological and surgical treatments are accompanied with side effects and complications. EndoBarrier, a less invasive bariatric surgery, blocks the upper portion of the intestine to reduce nutrition absorption. To mimic the nutrient restriction effect of EndoBarrier, thiol-containing materials may bind to the thiol groups of the mucus with an enhanced mucoadhesive property. Here, we develop thiolated alginate with cysteine conjugation via an N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide reaction. The alginate–cysteine (AC) exhibits excellent mucoadhesive properties and forms a physical barrier in the intestine to reduce absorption significantly, which was tested with both in vitro and in vivo mucoadhesive test and barrier function test. The nontoxicity property of AC was also proven with WST-1 and live and dead stain. In addition, AC demonstrates potent carrier properties of extending the release of resveratrol to improve the efficacy with the test of the transwell system in the release profile. In the long-term therapeutic evaluation, alginate cysteine with resveratrol (ACR) is orally administrated daily to mice with an methionine choline-deficient diet. The results of this in vivo study show that developed ACR could effectively alleviate fat degeneration in the liver and improve fat-related metabolic parameters in serum without hepatocellular damage and kidney dysfunction. In sum, AC was found to be mucoadhesive, reduce glucose absorption, alleviate inflammation, and decrease fatty degradation. This promising material exhibits the potential to be a supplement for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chen Ke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Chian Tang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Ni Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
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23
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Atila D, Chen CY, Lin CP, Lee YL, Hasirci V, Tezcaner A, Lin FH. In vitro evaluation of injectable Tideglusib-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogels incorporated with Rg1-loaded chitosan microspheres for vital pulp regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 278:118976. [PMID: 34973790 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Injectable systems receive attention in endodontics due to the complicated and irregular anatomical structure of root canals. Here, injectable Tideglusib (Td)-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogels (HAH) incorporated with Rg1-loaded chitosan microspheres (CSM) were developed for vital pulp regeneration, providing release of Td and Rg1 to trigger odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) by Td and vascularization of pulp by Rg1. The optimal concentrations were determined as 90 nM and 50 μg/mL for Td and Rg1, and loaded in HA and CSM in HAH, respectively. Odontogenic (COL1A1, ALP, OCN, Axin-2, DSPP, and DMP1) and angiogenic (VEGFA, VEGFR2, and eNOS) differentiation of DPSC cultured in the presence of hydrogels was shown at gene expression level. Our results suggest that our injectable hydrogel formulation has potential to improve strategies for vital pulp regeneration. In vivo evaluations are needed to test the feasibility and potential of these hydrogels for vital pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Atila
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine (IBEN), National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University and Hospital, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ling Lee
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University and Hospital, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Vasif Hasirci
- Department of Medical Engineering, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34758, Turkey; BIOMATEN, CoE in Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, CoE in Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine (IBEN), National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine & College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan.
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24
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Liang RY, Zhang KL, Chuang MH, Lin FH, Chen TC, Lin JN, Liang YJ, Li YA, Chen CH, Wong PLJ, Lin SZ, Lin PC. A One-Step, Monolayer Culture and Chemical-Based Approach to Generate Insulin-Producing Cells From Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Mitigate Hyperglycemia in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221106995. [PMID: 36002988 PMCID: PMC9421045 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221106995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The global population of individuals afflicted with diabetes mellitus has been increasing year by year, and this disease poses a serious threat to human health as well as the economies worldwide. Pancreatic or islet transplantations provide one of the most effective and long-term therapies available to treat diabetes, but the scarcity and quality of pancreatic islets limit their use in treatments. Here, we report the development of a one-step, monolayer culture, and chemical-based protocol that efficiently mediates the differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) into insulin-producing cells (IPCs). Our data indicate that hADSCs in monolayer culture that are allowed to differentiate into IPCs are superior to those in suspension cultures with respect to insulin secretion capacity (213-fold increase), cell viability (93.5 ± 3.27% vs. 41.67 ± 13.17%), and response to glucose stimulation. Moreover, the expression of genes associated with pancreatic lineage specification, such as PDX1, ISL1, and INS (encoding insulin), were expressed at significantly higher levels during our differentiation protocol (6-fold for PDX1 and ISL1, 11.5-fold for INS). Importantly, in vivo studies demonstrated that transplantation with IPCs significantly mitigated hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Our results indicate that this one-step, rapid protocol increases the efficiency of IPC generation and that the chemical-based approach for IPC induction may reduce safety concerns associated with the use of IPCs for clinical applications, thereby providing a safe and effective cell-based treatment for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruei-Yue Liang
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Ruei-Yue Liang, Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu 30261, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Ling Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Chuang
- Department of Technology Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Ni Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jyun Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Chen
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Peggy Leh Jiunn Wong
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Lin
- Department of Stem Cell Applied Technology, Gwo Xi Stem Cell Applied Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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25
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Lien WC, Wang WM, Wang HMD, Lin FH, Yao FZ. Environmental Barriers and Functional Outcomes in Patients with Schizophrenia in Taiwan: The Capacity-Performance Discrepancy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 19:315. [PMID: 35010575 PMCID: PMC8751039 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors are crucial determinants of disability in schizophrenic patients. Using data from the 2014-2018 Certification of Disability and Care Needs dataset, we identified 3882 adult patients (46.78% females; age, 51.01 ± 13.9 years) with schizophrenia. We found that patients with severe schizophrenia had lower capacity and performance than those with moderate schizophrenia. The chances of having an access barrier to environmental chapter 1 (e1) products and technology in moderate schizophrenic patients and in severe schizophrenic patients were 29.5% and 37.8%, respectively. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the performance score was related to accessibility barriers in the categories described in e1, with adequate fitness of models in category e110 for personal consumption, e115 for personal usage in daily living activities, and e120 for personal outdoor and indoor mobility and transportation. Furthermore, the capacity-performance discrepancy was higher in moderate schizophrenic patients with accessibility barriers in the e110, e115, and e120 categories than that in moderate schizophrenic patients without accessibility barriers. However, severe schizophrenic patients with category e120 accessibility barriers were prone to a lower discrepancy, with institutional care a potentially decreasing factor. In conclusion, providing an e1 barrier-free environment is necessary for patients with schizophrenia to decrease their disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chih Lien
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan;
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Ming Wang
- Department of Statistics, College of Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Min David Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
| | - Fen-Zhi Yao
- Department of Senior Citizen Services, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan 700, Taiwan
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26
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Tang RC, Chen TC, Lin FH. Design Strategy for a Hydroxide-Triggered pH-Responsive Hydrogel as a Mucoadhesive Barrier to Prevent Metabolism Disorders. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:58340-58351. [PMID: 34871495 PMCID: PMC8802295 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Excess nutrient uptake is one of the main factors of complications related to metabolism disorders. Therefore, efforts have emerged to modulate nutrient transport in the intestine. However, current approaches are mainly invasive interventions with various side effects. Here, a pH-responsive hydrogel is formulated by acidifying the hydroxide compounds within sucralfate to allow electrostatic interactions between pectin and aluminum ions. The pH responsiveness relies on the alternation of cations and hydroxide species, providing reversible shifting from a hydrogel to a complex coacervate system. It acts as a transient physical barrier coating to inhibit intestinal absorption and changes the viscosity and barrier function in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, showing enhanced mucoadhesive properties. The therapeutic hydrogel remarkably lowers the immediate blood glucose response by modulating nutrient contact with bowel mucosa, suggesting potential in treating diabetes. In addition, it significantly reduces weight gain, fat accumulation, and hepatic lipid deposition in rodent models. This study provides a novel strategy for fabricating pH-responsive hydrogels, which may serve as a competent candidate for metabolism disorder management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chian Tang
- Department
of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Tzu-Chien Chen
- Department
of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan (ROC)
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department
of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan (ROC)
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan (ROC)
- Institute
of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan (ROC)
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27
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Chen TC, Ho YY, Tang RC, Ke YC, Lin JN, Yang IH, Lin FH. Thiolated Chitosan as an Intestinal Absorption Carrier with Hesperidin Encapsulation for Obesity Treatment. Nutrients 2021; 13:4405. [PMID: 34959957 PMCID: PMC8706427 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation harmful to one's health, linked to hormonal imbalances, cardiovascular illness, and coronary artery disease. Since the disease stems mainly from overconsumption, studies have aimed to control intestinal absorption as a route for treatment. In this study, chitosan-thioglycolic acid (CT) was developed as a physical barrier in the gastrointestinal tracts to inhibit nutrient uptake. CT exhibits a superior mucoadhesive property compared to chitosan both in vitro and in vivo for the ability to form disulfide bonds with the intestinal mucosa. For CT as a potential drug delivery platform, hesperidin, a herb for bodyweight control in traditional Chinese medication, is encapsulated in CT and can be released consistently from this absorption barrier. In animal studies, CT encapsulated with hesperidin (CTH) not only results in a weight-controlling effect but limits adipose accumulation by hindering absorption, suggesting a potential role in obesity treatment. Neither CT nor CTH exhibit cytotoxicity or produce adverse immunological reactions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chien Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.K.); (J.-N.L.); (I.-H.Y.)
| | - Yu-Yu Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.K.); (J.-N.L.); (I.-H.Y.)
| | - Rui-Chian Tang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Yong-Chen Ke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.K.); (J.-N.L.); (I.-H.Y.)
| | - Jhih-Ni Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.K.); (J.-N.L.); (I.-H.Y.)
| | - I-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.K.); (J.-N.L.); (I.-H.Y.)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (T.-C.C.); (Y.-Y.H.); (Y.-C.K.); (J.-N.L.); (I.-H.Y.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
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28
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Kuan CY, Lin YY, Yang IH, Chen CY, Chi CY, Li CH, Chen ZY, Lin LZ, Yang CC, Lin FH. The Synthesis of Europium-Doped Calcium Carbonate by an Eco-Method as Free Radical Generator Under Low-Intensity Ultrasonic Irradiation for Body Sculpture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:765630. [PMID: 34869278 PMCID: PMC8639516 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.765630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Body sculpture is a common method to remove excessive fat. The diet and exercise are the first suggestion to keep body shape; however, those are difficult to keep adherence. Ultrasound has been developed for fat ablation; however, it could only serve as the side treatment along with liposuction. In the study, a sonosensitizer of europium-doped calcium carbonate (CaCO3: Eu) would be synthesized by an eco-method and combined with low-intensity ultrasound for lipolysis. The crystal structure of CaCO3: Eu was identified by x-ray diffractometer (XRD). The morphology of CaCO3: Eu was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The chemical composition of CaCO3: Eu was evaluated by energy-dispersed spectrophotometer (EDS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The electronic diffraction pattern was to further check crystal structure of the synthesized individual grain by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The particle size was determined by Zeta-sizer. Water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) were used to evaluate the cell viability. Chloromethyl-2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (CM-H2DCFDA) and live/dead stain were used to evaluate feasibility in vitro. SD-rat was used to evaluate the safety and efficacy in vivo. The results showed that CaCO3: Eu had good biocompatibility and could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) after treated with low-intensity ultrasound. After 4-weeks, the CaCO3: Eu exposed to ultrasound irradiation on SD rats could significantly decrease body weight, waistline, and subcutaneous adipose tissue. We believe that ROS from sonoluminescence, CO2-bomb and locally increasing Ca2+ level would be three major mechanisms to remove away adipo-tissue and inhibit adipogenesis. We could say that the combination of the CaCO3: Eu and low-intensity ultrasound would be a non-invasive treatment for the body sculpture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Yung Kuan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Chi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Han Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ze Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National United University, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chen Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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Lin YW, Fang CH, Liang YJ, Liao HH, Lin FH. Modified Low-Temperature Extraction Method for Isolation of Bletilla striata Polysaccharide as Antioxidant for the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12760. [PMID: 34884565 PMCID: PMC8657612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides play a key role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia. In this study, a polysaccharide from Bletilla striata (BSP), with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, was extracted using a low-temperature method and tested for its efficacy against AD, in vitro using N2a and BV-2 cells, and in vivo using an AD rat model. The characterization of the extracted BSP for its molecular structure and functional groups demonstrated the effectiveness of the modified method for retaining its bioactivity. In vitro, BSP reduced by 20% reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in N2a cells (p = 0.0082) and the expression levels of inflammation-related genes by 3-fold TNF-α (p = 0.0048), 4-fold IL-6 (p = 0.0019), and 2.5-fold IL-10 (p = 0.0212) in BV-2 cells treated with Aβ fibrils. In vivo, BSP recovered learning memory, ameliorated morphological damage in the hippocampus and cortex, and reduced the expression of the β-secretase protein in AlCl3-induced AD rats. Collectively, these findings demonstrated the efficacy of BSP for preventing and alleviating the effects of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Chih-Hsiang Fang
- Trauma and Emergency Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 404332, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Jyun Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Hong-Hsiang Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (Y.-J.L.); (H.-H.L.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
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Chen SH, Chen ZY, Lin YH, Chen SH, Chou PY, Kao HK, Lin FH. Extracellular Vesicles of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promote the Healing of Traumatized Achilles Tendons. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212373. [PMID: 34830254 PMCID: PMC8618291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Healing of ruptured tendons remains a clinical challenge because of its slow progress and relatively weak mechanical force at an early stage. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have therapeutic potential for tissue regeneration. In this study, we isolated EVs from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and evaluated their ability to promote tendon regeneration. Our results indicated that ADSC-EVs significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration of tenocytes in vitro. To further study the roles of ADSC-EVs in tendon regeneration, ADSC-EVs were used in Achilles tendon repair in rabbits. The mechanical strength, histology, and protein expression in the injured tendon tissues significantly improved 4 weeks after ADSC-EV treatment. Decorin and biglycan were significantly upregulated in comparison to the untreated controls. In summary, ADSC-EVs stimulated the proliferation and migration of tenocytes and improved the mechanical strength of repaired tendons, suggesting that ADSC-EV treatment is a potential highly potent therapeutic strategy for tendon injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Heng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Zhi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Shih-Hsien Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Pang-Yun Chou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Huang-Kai Kao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (P.-Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.-K.K.); (F.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-328-1200 (ext. 3355) (H.-K.K.); +886-928-260-400 (F.-H.L.)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-K.K.); (F.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-328-1200 (ext. 3355) (H.-K.K.); +886-928-260-400 (F.-H.L.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Huei Lin
- National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) Taipei, Taiwan
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Liu YL, Yen CC, Liu TST, Chang CH, Shih TTF, Wang JH, Yang MC, Lin FH, Liu HC. Safety and Efficacy of Kartigen ® in Treating Cartilage Defects: A Randomized, Controlled, Phase I Trial. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13183029. [PMID: 34577930 PMCID: PMC8466236 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we aimed to investigate the safety and preliminary efficacy of Kartigen®, a matrix with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived chondrocyte precursors embedded in atelocollagen. As a surgical graft, Kartigen® was implanted onto the cartilage defects at the weight-bearing site of the medial femoral condyle of the knee. Fifteen patients were enrolled and stratified into two groups, undergoing either Kartigen® implantation (n = 10) or microfracture (control group, n = 5). The primary endpoint was to evaluate the safety of Kartigen® by monitoring the occurrence of adverse events through physician queries, physical examinations, laboratory tests, and radiological analyses for 2 years. There were no infections, inflammations, adhesions, loose body, or tumor formations in the Kartigen®-implanted knees. The preliminary efficacy was assessed using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, visual analog scale, and second-look arthroscopy. The postoperative IKDC scores of the Kartigen® group significantly improved in the 16th week (IKDC = 62.1 ± 12.8, p = 0.025), kept increasing in the first year (IKDC = 78.2 ± 15.4, p < 0.005), and remained satisfactory in the second year (IKDC = 73.6 ± 13.8, p < 0.005), compared to the preoperative condition (IKDC = 47.1 ± 17.0), while the postoperative IKDC scores of the control group also achieved significant improvement in the 28th week (IKDC = 68.5 ± 6.1, p = 0.032) versus preoperative state (IKDC = 54.0 ± 9.1). However, the IKDC scores decreased in the first year (IKDC = 63.5 ± 11.6) as well as in the second year (IKDC = 52.6 ± 16.4). Thirteen patients underwent second-look arthroscopy and biopsy one year after the operation. The Kartigen® group exhibited integration between Kartigen® and host tissue with a smooth appearance at the recipient site, whereas the microfracture group showed fibrillated surfaces. The histological and immunohistochemical analyses of biopsy specimens demonstrated the columnar structure of articular cartilage and existence of collagen type II and glycosaminoglycan mimic hyaline cartilage. This study indicates that Kartigen® is safe and effective in treating cartilage defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Liang Liu
- Master Program for Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Yen
- Kartigen Biomedical Inc., Taipei 100047, Taiwan;
| | | | - Chih-Hung Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei 220216, Taiwan;
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320315, Taiwan
| | - Tiffany Ting-Fang Shih
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan;
| | - Jyh-Horng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Chia Yang
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310401, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan;
| | - Hwa-Chang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei 105404, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Chen WY, Chen YT, Ke CJ, Chen CY, Lin FH. The Synthesis and Evaluation of RGD-Conjugated Chitosan Gel as Daily Supplement for Body Weight Control. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14164467. [PMID: 34442998 PMCID: PMC8399670 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Obesity is one of the most widespread chronic diseases and increases the risk of several other chronic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. (2) Methods: Endobarrier is a new medical device what is worn in the small intestines for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, given the invasive and other adverse effects of the Endobarrier, we propose the use of RGD peptide conjugated with chitosan (RC) as an alternative. (3) Results: The FTIR and NMR spectrum showed RGD peptide was successfully conjugated on chitosan and RGD−CT is retained in the small intestine even after digestion. In vitro of wst-1 and live and dead staining studies show that the RGD−CT gel is highly biocompatible and non-toxic. Rats treated with the RGD−CT gel for a short term showed significant decrease change more than 30% in body weight, while the blood and hematic biometrics were within normal values. (4) Conclusions: The RGD−CT gel is safe, suitable for the short-term, reducing visceral fat rate health food to control weight. In the future, it is expected to develop a safe, long-term effective, flexibility of use and low-side-effect anti-obesity therapy in the era of precision medicine by further modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yao Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan;
| | - Cherng-Jyh Ke
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Chang YL, Hsieh CY, Yeh CY, Chang CH, Lin FH. Fabrication of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Contained in Gelatin/Hyaluronate Copo006Cymer Mixed with Hydroxyapatite for Use in Traumatic Bone Defects. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:mi12070822. [PMID: 34357232 PMCID: PMC8306626 DOI: 10.3390/mi12070822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bone defects of orthopedic trauma remain a challenge in clinical practice. Regarding bone void fillers, besides the well-known osteoconductivity of most bone substitutes, osteoinductivity has also been gaining attention in recent years. It is known that stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) can recruit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in certain circumstances, which may also play an important role in bone regeneration. In this study, we fabricated a gelatin/hyaluronate (Gel/HA) copolymer mixed with hydroxyapatite (HAP) and SDF-1 to try and enhance bone regeneration in a bone defect model. After material characterization, these Gel/HA–HAP and Gel/HA–HAP–SDF-1 composites were tested for their biocompatibility and ability to recruit MSCs in vitro. A femoral condyle bone defect model of rats was used for in vivo studies. For the assessment of bone healing, micro-CT analysis, second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging, and histology studies were performed. As a result, the Gel/HA–HAP composites showed no systemic toxicity to rats. Gel/HA–HAP composite groups both showed better bone generation compared with the control group in an animal study, and the composite with the SDF-1 group even showed a trend of faster bone growth compared with the composite without SDF-1 group. In conclusion, in the management of traumatic bone defects, Gel/HA–HAP–SDF-1 composites can be a feasible material for use as bone void fillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Liang Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (C.-Y.H.)
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, Taipei City 10002, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chao-Yuan Yeh
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan South Road, Taipei City 10002, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (F.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-H.C.); +886-2-2732-0443 (F.-H.L.)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei City 10051, Taiwan; (Y.-L.C.); (C.-Y.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (F.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-H.C.); +886-2-2732-0443 (F.-H.L.)
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Sun CK, Weng PW, Chang JZC, Lin YW, Tsuang FY, Lin FH, Tsai TH, Sun JS. Metformin-Incorporated Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite Nanofiber Scaffold for Bone Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2021; 28:1-12. [PMID: 33971745 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has gradually evolved as a promising therapeutic strategy to the modern health care of aging and diseased population. In this study, we developed a novel nanofibrous scaffold and verified its application in the critical bone defect regeneration. The metformin-incorporated nano-gelatin/hydroxyapatite fibers (NGF) was produced by electrospinning, cross-linked, and then characterized by X-ray powder diffractometer and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, cell differentiation, and quantitative osteogenic gene and protein expression were analyzed by bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) from rat. Rat forearm critical bone defect model was performed for the in vivo study. The NGF were characterized by their porous structures with proper interconnectivity without significant cytotoxic effects; the adhesion of BMSCs on the NGF could be enhanced. The osteogenic gene and protein expression were upregulated. Postimplantation, the new regenerated bone in bone defect was well demonstrated in the NGF samples. We demonstrated that the metformin-incorporated NGF greatly improved healing potential on the critical-size bone defect. Although metformin-incorporated NGF had advantageous effectiveness during bone regeneration, further validation is required before it can be applied to clinical applications. Impact statement Bone is the structure that supports the rest of the human body. Critical-size bone defect hinders the regeneration of damaged bone tissues and compromises the mechanical strength of the skeletal system. Characterized by their porous structures with proper interconnectivity, the electrospinning nano-gelatin/hydroxyapatite fibrous scaffold developed in this study can greatly improve the healing potential on the critical-size bone defect. Further validation can validate its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Kai Sun
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Pei-Wei Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang
- School of Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fon-Yih Tsuang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (Republic of China)
| | - Jui-Sheng Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (Republic of China).,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (Republic of China)
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Chen HY, Lin TC, Chiang CY, Wey SL, Lin FH, Yang KC, Chang CH, Hu MH. Antifibrotic Effect of Bletilla striata Polysaccharide-Resveratrol-Impregnated Dual-Layer Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Sponge for The Prevention of Epidural Fibrosis after Laminectomy. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132129. [PMID: 34209540 PMCID: PMC8271895 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of antifibrotic materials can alleviate epidural fibrosis by restricting excessive fibroblast proliferation and mitigating scar tissue formation. Here, a biodegradable carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP)-resveratrol (RES) sponge was fabricated to inhibit scar tissue formation post laminectomy surgery. Fibroblasts NIH/3T3, myoblasts C2C12, neural cells PC-12, and Schwann cells RSC96 were used to evaluate the in vitro cytocompatibility. Laminectomies on 10 Sprague–Dawley rats with/without the application of the CMC-BSP-RES sponge were performed. The severity of adhesion between the dura mater and formed scar tissue was qualitatively scored. All cell lines exhibited good viability with no significant difference in cytotoxicity when cultured with variable extractions of the CMC-BSP-RES sponge. S100a4 and P4hb expressions were downregulated in NIH/3T3 cultured in the CMC-BSP-RES sponge, implying that this sponge potentially inhibits fibroblast activity. No post-operative shrinkage or dura mater expansion along the surgical site was detected. The peel-off tests revealed that the tenacity of adhesion de-creased. Histopathological examinations verified that the average number of fibroblasts in the CMC-BSP-RES group considerably decreased. The CMC-BSP-RES sponge is a biocompatible and effective material for alleviating post-operative epidural fibrosis and mitigating fibroblast expression following laminectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (F.-H.L.)
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University HsinChu Hospital, HsinChu 300016, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (F.-H.L.)
| | - Chih-Yung Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (F.-H.L.)
- Department of Orthopedics, En Chu Kong Hospital, San-Shia, New Taipei City 23742, Taiwan
| | - Shiuan-Li Wey
- Department of Pathology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, HsinChu City 30071, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-Y.C.); (F.-H.L.)
| | - Kai-Chiang Yang
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Hao Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City 20844, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (M.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-H.C.); +886-2-2312-3456 (M.-H.H.)
| | - Ming-Hsiao Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.C.); (M.-H.H.); Tel.: +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-H.C.); +886-2-2312-3456 (M.-H.H.)
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Yang CT, Korangath P, Stewart J, Hu C, Fu W, Grüttner C, Beck SE, Lin FH, Ivkov R. Systemically delivered antibody-labeled magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are less toxic than plain nanoparticles when activated by alternating magnetic fields. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 37:59-75. [PMID: 33426997 PMCID: PMC7810240 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2020.1776901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Toxicity from off-target heating with magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) is generally assumed to be understood. MHT research focuses on development of more potent heating magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs), yet our understanding of factors that define biodistribution following systemic delivery remains limited. Preclinical development relies on mouse models, thus understanding off-target heating with MHT in mice provides critical knowledge for clinical development. METHODS Eight-week old female nude mice received a single tail vein injection of bionized nanoferrite (BNF) MIONs or a counterpart labeled with a polyclonal human antibody (BNF-IgG) at 1 mg, 3 mg or 5 mg Fe/mouse on day 1. On day 3, mice were exposed to an alternating magnetic field (AMF) having amplitude of 32, 48 or 64 kA/m at ∼145 kHz for 20 min. Twenty-four hours later, blood, livers and spleens were harvested and analyzed. RESULTS Damage to livers was apparent by histology and serum liver enzymes following MHT with BNF or BNF-IgG at doses ≥3 mg Fe and AMF amplitudes ≥48 kA/m. Differences between effects with BNF vs. BNF-IgG at a dose of 3 mg Fe were noted in all measures, with less damage and increased survival occurring in mice injected with BNF-IgG. Necropsies revealed severe damage to duodenum and upper small intestines, likely the immediate cause of death at the highest MHT doses. CONCLUSION Results demonstrate that the MION coating affects biodistribution, which in turn determines off-target effects. Developments to improve heating capabilities of MIONs may be clinically irrelevant without better control of biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Preethi Korangath
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jackie Stewart
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chen Hu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wei Fu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Sarah E Beck
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Robert Ivkov
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Thacker M, Chen YN, Lin CP, Lin FH. Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Dioxide Mixed with Calcium Peroxide and Methylcellulose for Dental Bleaching under Visible Light Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073759. [PMID: 33916642 PMCID: PMC8038621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The available tooth whitening products in the market contain high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an active ingredient. Therefore, in order to curb the high H2O2 concentration and instability of liquid H2O2, this study evaluated the efficacy and cytotoxicity of the bleaching gel composed of 10% calcium peroxide (CaO2) and visible-light-activating nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO2) with methyl cellulose as a thickener. Extracted bovine teeth were discolored using coffee and black tea stain solution and were divided into two groups (n = 6). Bleaching was performed thrice on each tooth specimen in both the groups, with one minute of visible light irradiation during each bleaching time. The CIELAB L*a*b* values were measured pre- and post-bleaching. The N-TiO2 calcinated at 350 °C demonstrated a shift towards the visible light region by narrowing the band gap energy from 3.23 eV to 2.85 eV. The brightness (ΔL) and color difference (ΔE) increased as bleaching progressed each time in both the groups. ANOVA results showed that the number of bleaching significantly affected ΔE (p < 0.05). The formulated bleaching gel exhibits good biocompatibility and non-toxicity upon exposure to 3T3 cells. Our findings showed that CaO2-based bleaching gel at neutral pH could be a stable, safe, and effective substitute for tooth whitening products currently available in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minal Thacker
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; (M.T.); (Y.-N.C.)
| | - Yi-Ning Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; (M.T.); (Y.-N.C.)
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; (M.T.); (Y.-N.C.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-928-260-400
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Jakfar S, Lin TC, Wu SC, Wang YH, Sun YJ, Thacker M, Liu LX, Lin FH. New design to remove leukocytes from platelet-rich plasma (PRP) based on cell dimension rather than density. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:3528-3540. [PMID: 33842739 PMCID: PMC8008179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can stimulate the proliferation of stem cells and have a positive effect on tissue repair. Although many commercialized PRP preparation kits are already on the market, first-line clinical workers are still not satisfied with most of the PRP kits. The work of commercial PRP kits is based on the density of blood elements. However, the blood elements are very close in density which makes the separation challenging. Therefore, the mentioned commercialized kits are generally contaminated by leucocytes and erythrocyte. In this study, a home-designed PRP device was developed to use a separation membrane with adequate cut-off pore size of 5 μm, 3 μm and 2 μm for the groups of H5M, H3M, and H2M, respectively, to be placed in the middle of the centrifuge tube. The home-designed H2M showed a very promising results regardless of the final volume (1.82 ± 0.09 ml), platelet yield (8.39 ± 0.44%), Red Blood Cells (0%), White Blood Cells (0%), and Relative Concentration of Platelet Increment value (225.09%). Further, it showed a good result in cell viability and cytotoxicity and confirmed a good multilineage potentials. The concentration in PRP prepared by group H2M was relatively stable and far above average. All the fibrin fibers were linked together as bridging strands or strings and turned into an inter-connected porous structure for nutrients transportation and regenerative cell migration. We believe that the home-designed group H2M should have a great potential to develop into the final product to meet the requirements of first-line clinical workers. The home-designed PRP device is a novel and effective method to remove leukocytes based on cell dimension. All the PRP products from the home-designed PRP devices have shown good the cell viability, and the multilineage potentials The H2M design could provide the stability of PRP compared to other groups and far above average.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhaini Jakfar
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.,Dentistry Faculty, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, 23111, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Tzu-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Chih Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Horng Wang
- Department of Nursing, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, 306, Yuanpei Street, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jun Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Minal Thacker
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Li-Xin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center of Functional Biomaterials, Key Laboratory of Polymeric Composite Materials and Functional Materials of Education, GD Research Center for Functional Biomaterials Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen Unversity, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 350, Taiwan
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Yang IH, Lin IE, Chen TC, Chen ZY, Kuan CY, Lin JN, Chou YC, Lin FH. Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of BDDE crosslinked chitosan-TGA hydrogel encapsulated with genistein for vaginal atrophy. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 260:117832. [PMID: 33712170 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vagina atrophy is a common symptom in women after menopause owing to decreasing estrogen levels. The most conventional treatment for this condition is estrogen cream. The shortcoming is its weak adhesion to the vagina mucus, thus requiring frequent daily application. In this study, BDDE was selected to crosslink and graft chitosan with thioglycolic acid, to form thiolated chitosan (CT) and improve the mucoadhesive properties of chitosan. Genistein was selected as the bioactive molecule that could exhibit estrogen-like properties for long-term treatment of vaginal atrophy. The efficacies of the materials were characterized and evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that the mucoadhesive property of CT was approximately two-fold stronger against the constant flow than unmodified chitosan. CT with genistein (CT-G) was administered intravaginally every three days in vivo. It showed that the developed CT-G recover 54 % of the epithelium thickness of an atrophic vagina and ease vaginal atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - I-En Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yung Kuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Ni Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 49, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 10672, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan.
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Chen HY, Hsu BWY, Yin YK, Lin FH, Yang TH, Yang RS, Lee CK, Tseng VS. Application of deep learning algorithm to detect and visualize vertebral fractures on plain frontal radiographs. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245992. [PMID: 33507982 PMCID: PMC7842883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of vertebral fractures (VFs) is critical for effective secondary fracture prevention owing to their association with the increasing risks of future fractures. Plain abdominal frontal radiographs (PARs) are a common investigation method performed for a variety of clinical indications and provide an ideal platform for the opportunistic identification of VF. This study uses a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) to identify the feasibility for the screening, detection, and localization of VFs using PARs. Methods A DCNN was pretrained using ImageNet and retrained with 1306 images from the PARs database obtained between August 2015 and December 2018. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were evaluated. The visualization algorithm gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) was used for model interpretation. Results Only 46.6% (204/438) of the VFs were diagnosed in the original PARs reports. The algorithm achieved 73.59% accuracy, 73.81% sensitivity, 73.02% specificity, and an AUC of 0.72 in the VF identification. Conclusion Computer driven solutions integrated with the DCNN have the potential to identify VFs with good accuracy when used opportunistically on PARs taken for a variety of clinical purposes. The proposed model can help clinicians become more efficient and economical in the current clinical pathway of fragile fracture treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University HsinChu Hospital, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Benny Wei-Yun Hsu
- Institute of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Yin
- Institute of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University HsinChu Hospital, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Sen Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University HsinChu Hospital, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Vincent S. Tseng
- Institute of Computer Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Sun CK, Ke CJ, Lin YW, Lin FH, Tsai TH, Sun JS. Transglutaminase Cross-Linked Gelatin-Alginate-Antibacterial Hydrogel as the Drug Delivery-Coatings for Implant-Related Infections. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030414. [PMID: 33525449 PMCID: PMC7866112 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Implant-related infection may be catastrophic and result in poor functional outcome, chronic osteomyelitis, implant failure or even sepsis and death. Based on a transglutaminase (TGase) cross-linked/antibiotics-encapsulated gelatin-alginate hydrogel, the main aim of this study is to establish an effective antibiotic slow-release system. The second aim is to evaluate the efficacy of a hydrogel-encapsulated antibiotic-containing titanium pin in preventing implant-related infections in a rat model. The prepared gelatin/alginate/gentamicin or vancomycin hydrogel was covalently cross-linked with transglutaminase (TGase). Its drug release profile and cytotoxicity were determined and the Wistar rat animal model was performed to validate its efficacy by radiographic examination, Micro-CT (computed tomography) evaluation and histo-morphological analysis at 12 weeks after surgery. When gelatin and alginate were thoroughly mixed with TGase, both 0.5% and 1.0% TGase can effectively cross link the hydrogel; the release of antibiotic is slowed down with higher degree of TGase concentration (from 20 min to more than 120 h). In the animal study, antibiotic-impregnated hydrogel is effective in alleviating the implant-related infections. Relative to that of a positive control group, the experimental group (vancomycin treatment group) showed significant higher bone volume, more intact bony structure with only mild inflammatory cell infiltration. This newly designed hydrogel can effectively deliver antibiotics to reduce bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on the implant surface. The remaining challenges will be to confer different potent antibacterial medications with good biocompatibility and fulfill the safety, practical and economic criteria for future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Kai Sun
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; or
| | - Cherng-Jyh Ke
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Rd., Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (F.-H.L.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (F.-H.L.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; or
- Correspondence: (T.-H.T.); (J.-S.S.); Tel.: +886-2-2826-7115 (T.-H.T.); Fax: +886-2-2822-5044 (T.-H.T.)
| | - Jui-Sheng Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 2, Yu-Der Rd., Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-H.T.); (J.-S.S.); Tel.: +886-2-2826-7115 (T.-H.T.); Fax: +886-2-2822-5044 (T.-H.T.)
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Chen CY, Li C, Ke CJ, Sun JS, Lin FH. Kartogenin Enhances Chondrogenic Differentiation of MSCs in 3D Tri-Copolymer Scaffolds and the Self-Designed Bioreactor System. Biomolecules 2021; 11:115. [PMID: 33467170 PMCID: PMC7829855 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cartilage has relatively slow metabolism compared to other normal tissues. Cartilage damage is of great clinical consequence since cartilage has limited intrinsic healing potential. Cartilage tissue engineering is a rapidly emerging field that holds great promise for tissue function repair and artificial/engineered tissue substitutes. However, current clinical therapies for cartilage repair are less than satisfactory and rarely recover full function or return the diseased tissue to its native healthy state. Kartogenin (KGN), a small molecule, can promote chondrocyte differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of this research is to optimize the chondrogenic process in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based chondrogenic constructs with KGN for potential use in cartilage tissue engineering. In this study, we demonstrate that KGN treatment can promote MSC condensation and cell cluster formation within a tri-copolymer scaffold. Expression of Acan, Sox9, and Col2a1 was significantly up-regulated in three-dimensional (3D) culture conditions. The lacuna-like structure showed active deposition of type II collagen and aggrecan deposition. We expect these results will open new avenues for the use of small molecules in chondrogenic differentiation protocols in combination with scaffolds, which may yield better strategies for cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan; or
| | - Chunching Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan;
| | - Cherng-Jyh Ke
- Biomaterials Translational Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40202, Taiwan;
- Center for General Education, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Master Program for Digital Health Innovation, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Master Program in Technology Management, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Sheng Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10002, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine (I-BEN), National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
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Huang SW, Sun MT, Lee WS, Su YS, Lee YT, Chiang MH, Wang YC, Yang YS, Tzeng SC, Huang YM, Lin FH. Cancer as an infectious disease: A different treatment alternative using a combination of tigecycline and pyrvinium pamoate - An example of breast cancer. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2021; 55:51-59. [PMID: 33610508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tigecycline is an antibiotic that well tolerated for treating complicated infections. It has received attention as an anti-cancer agent and expected to solve two major obstacles, sides effects that accompany chemotherapy and drug resistance, in the breast cancer treatment. However, previous studies reported that the levels in the blood are typically low of tigecycline, so higher doses are needed to treat cancer, that may increase the risk of side effects. To achieve better anti-cancer effects for tigecycline, we need to find a novel adjunct agent. METHODS In this study, we used different concentration of pyrvinium pamoate combined with tigecycline to treat cell. And assess the effect of two drugs in inhibit cell proliferation, induce cell autophagy, or increase cell apoptosis to evaluate the consequent of combined therapy. RESULTS We observed that after the combined therapy, the cell cycle arrest at G1/s phase, the level of p21 increased, but decreased the levels of CDK2. Others, two drugs via different mechanisms to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and with selective cytotoxic to different cell lines. That could enhance the effect of breast cancer treatment. CONCLUSION Combining low dose of tigecycline use with pyrvinium pamoate is a novel approach for breast cancer treatment. Appropriate combined therapy in breast cancer is recommended to improve outcomes. Other problems like drug resistance occur in patients or the microbes surrounding breast tissues would confer susceptibility to cancers then influence the effectiveness of treatment, which could be improved through combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wei Huang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Tsung Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, 97144, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Sen Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11608, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 10031, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Shih Su
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11608, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 10031, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Tzu Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 11217, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsien Chiang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Chih Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Sung Yang
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Shian-Chiuan Tzeng
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Huang
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 23561, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 10031, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan.
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Chen WY, Lin FH. Oxidized Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels as a Carrier for Constant-Release Clenbuterol Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:572690. [PMID: 33776904 PMCID: PMC7996091 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.572690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The global obesity population is increasing year-by-year, and the related cost is sharply increasing annually. There are several methods available to combat obesity; however, there is a lack of a single tool that is both safe and efficacious. The use of Clenbuterol in bodybuilding and by professional athletes is controversial owing to its side effects, including hepatotoxicity. This study administered Clenbuterol at a much lower dose than the established safety level, and rather than through oral administration, the treatments were delivered through controlled-release intra-adipose injection. The different dosing and mode of administration will lower the risk of side effects, increase the safety profile, and could facilitate use in the anti-obesity market. A thermo-sensitive hydrogel was used as the carrier uploaded with Clenbuterol to achieve controlled-release. In the in vitro study, the developed new formulae were not cytotoxic to 3T3-L1 cells and could inhibit lipogenesis effectively. In the animal study, the mice were fed a high-fat diet and treated with Clenbuterol by oral administration, or injected with Clenbuterol-modified hyaluronate hydrogel (HAC) regularly. Both groups showed reduction in whole-body, visceral, and gonadal fat contents and body weight. The abdominal fat was analyzed using MRI imaging in adipose mode and water mode. The abdominal fat ratio in the mice treated with normal diet and those given intra-adipose injections with HAC had the lowest value among the test groups. The mice treated with high-fat diet (HFD) showed the highest value of 53.78%. The chronic toxicity in-vivo test proved that controlled-release injections of 2-10 µg Clenbuterol daily were safe, as demonstrated in the blood elements and serological analyses. This study developed a new and promising method for anti-obesity treatment, using a monthly intra-adipose controlled-release injection of HAC. The developed new formulae of Clenbuterol not only effectively decreased body weight and body fat content but also inhibited lipogenesis on the harvested visceral tissue and reduced adipose tissue around the gonadal fat area. The side effects induced by traditional oral administration of Clenbuterol were not observed in this research; this has excellent potential to be a useful tool for future obesity treatment without safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yao Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Feng-Huei Lin,
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Thacker M, Tseng CL, Lin FH. Substitutes and Colloidal System for Vitreous Replacement and Drug Delivery: Recent Progress and Future Prospective. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E121. [PMID: 33396863 PMCID: PMC7796247 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitreoretinal surgeries for ocular diseases such as complicated retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy, macular holes and ocular trauma has led to the development of various tamponades over the years in search for an ideal vitreous substitute. Current clinically used tamponade agents such as air, perfluorocarbons, silicone oil and expansile gases serve only as a short-term solution and harbors various disadvantages. However, an ideal long-term substitute is yet to be discovered and recent research emphasizes on the potential of polymeric hydrogels as an ideal vitreous substitute. This review highlights the recent progress in the field of vitreous substitution. Suitability and adverse effects of various tamponade agents in present day clinical use and biomaterials in the experimental phase have been outlined and discussed. In addition, we introduced the anatomy and functions of the native vitreous body and the pathological conditions which require vitreous replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minal Thacker
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Daan District, Taipei 10051, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Li Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Daan District, Taipei 10051, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
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Chen SH, Chou PY, Chen ZY, Chuang DCC, Hsieh ST, Lin FH. An electrospun nerve wrap comprising Bletilla striata polysaccharide with dual function for nerve regeneration and scar prevention. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Wong TH, Chen TY, Tseng KY, Chen ZY, Chen CH, Lin FH, Wu HM, Lin S. Decorin inhibits the insulin-like growth factor I signaling in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of aged humans. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:578-597. [PMID: 33257596 PMCID: PMC7835024 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging impairs the IGF-I signaling of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs), but the mechanism is unclear. Here, we found that the ability to auto-phosphorylate IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) in response to IGF-I was decreased in the bmMSCs of aged donors. Conversely, data showed that decorin (DCN) expression was prominently increased in aged bmMSCs, and that under IGF-I treatment, DCN knockdown in serum-starved aged bmMSCs potentiated their mitogenic activity and IGF-IR auto-phosphorylation, whereas DCN overexpression in serum-starved adult bmMSCs decreased both activities. Co-immunoprecipitation assays suggested that IGF-I and DCN bound to IGF-IR in a competitive manner. Online MethPrimer predicted 4 CpG islands (CGIs) in the introns of DCN gene. RT-qPCR and bisulfite sequencing showed that dimethyloxalylglycine, an inhibitor of DNA demethylation, increased DCN mRNA expression and CGI-I methylation in adult bmMSCs, whereas 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine, a DNA methylation inhibitor, decreased DCN mRNA expression and CGI-I methylation in aged bmMSCs, and ultimately enhanced the proliferation of serum-starved aged bmMSCs under IGF-I stimulation. Thus, IGF-IR could be the prime target of aging in down-regulating the IGF-I signaling of bmMSCs, where DCN could be a critical mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze-Hong Wong
- Department of Orthopedics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ting-Yu Chen
- Inflammation Research and Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuo-Yun Tseng
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Zih-Ying Chen
- Inflammation Research and Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Hsing Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Taiwan Bioinformatics Institute Core, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hung-Ming Wu
- Inflammation Research and Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shankung Lin
- Inflammation Research and Drug Development Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Chen ZY, Chen SH, Chen CH, Chou PY, Yang CC, Lin FH. Polysaccharide Extracted from Bletilla striata Promotes Proliferation and Migration of Human Tenocytes. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112567. [PMID: 33139654 PMCID: PMC7694129 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon healing after injury is relatively slow, mainly because of the weak activity and metabolic properties of tendon cells (tenocytes). Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) has been reported to enhance cell proliferation. Here, we aimed to increase tendon cell proliferation by BSP treatment. We isolated tenocytes from the flexor tendon of human origin. Moreover, we improved the process of extracting BSP. When human tenocytes (HTs) were treated with 100 μg/mL BSP, the MEK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways were activated, thereby enhancing the proliferation ability of tenocytes. BSP treatment also increased the migration of HTs and their ability to secrete the extracellular matrix (Col-I and Col-III). In conclusion, BSP was successfully extracted from a natural Chinese herbal extract and was shown to enhance tenocytes proliferation, migration and collagen release ability. This study is the first to demonstrate improved healing of tendons using BSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Shih-Heng Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Pang-Yun Chou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (P.-Y.C.)
| | - Chun-Chen Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (Z.-Y.C.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-928260400
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