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Montemurro N, Manasfi R, Chiron S, Perez S. Evaluation of different QuEChERS-based methods for the extraction of 48 wastewater-derived organic contaminants from soil and lettuce root using high-resolution LC-QTOF with MRM HR and SWATH acquisition modes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:20258-20276. [PMID: 38372911 PMCID: PMC10927905 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32423-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The reuse of treated wastewater in agriculture is an important route of introducing a large number of organic contaminants into the agroecosystem. In this study, a modified QuEChERS-based approach was developed for rapid, simple, and simultaneous extraction of 48 organic wastewater-derived contaminants from soil and lettuce root. Twenty-two different (modification) scenarios of the known (or original) QuEChERS method have been tested, in order to obtain best and well-compromised recoveries for all target compounds for soil and roots. Finally, a common method was chosen for both matrices consisting of a single extraction step using EDTA-Mcllvaine buffer and the unbuffered Original QuEChERS salts. Method performance was accomplished by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry on a QToF-MS system using two different acquisition modes, the ultra-fast high-resolution multiple reaction monitoring (MRMHR) mode and the innovative Sequential Window Acquisition of All Theoretical Fragment-Ion (SWATH) mode. Performance characterization was evaluated in terms of recovery, linearity, intra-day precision, method detection limits (MDLs), method quantification limits (MQLs), and matrix effect (ME). Recoveries in MRMHR mode ranged from 63 to 111% and 54 to 104% for lettuce root and soil, respectively, for most of compounds in MRMHR mode and from 56 to 121% and 54 to 104% for lettuce root and soil, respectively, for most of compounds in SWATH. Whereas, MQLs ranged from 0.03 to 0.92 ng g-1 in MRMHR and from 0.03 to 82 ng g-1 in SWATH for lettuce root, and from 0.02 to 0.44 ng g-1 in MRMHR and 0.02 to 0.14 ng g-1 in SWATH for soil. The method was then applied to follow the target compounds in soil and lettuce root, where the system lettuce-soil was irrigated with treated wastewater under real greenhouse conditions. Five and 17 compounds were detected in lettuce root and soil, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Montemurro
- Environmental and Water Chemistry for Human Health (ONHEALTH), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rayana Manasfi
- Environmental and Water Chemistry for Human Health (ONHEALTH), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
- HydroSciences Montpellier (HSM), University of Montpellier, Building 39 - CC57 300, Avenue du Professeur Emile Jeanbrau, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Serge Chiron
- HydroSciences Montpellier (HSM), University of Montpellier, Building 39 - CC57 300, Avenue du Professeur Emile Jeanbrau, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandra Perez
- Environmental and Water Chemistry for Human Health (ONHEALTH), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Vergara-Luis I, Bocayá N, Irazola-Duñabeitia M, Zuloaga O, Lacuesta M, Olivares M, Prieto A. Multitarget and suspect screening of antimicrobials in soil and manure by means of QuEChERS - liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6291-6310. [PMID: 37610438 PMCID: PMC10558387 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04905-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to develop an accurate analytical method for the simultaneous analysis of twenty-four antimicrobials in soil:compost and animal manure samples by means of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC-QqQ). For this purpose, the effectiveness of two extraction techniques (i.e. focused ultrasound solid-liquid extraction (FUSLE) and QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe)) was evaluated, and the clean-up step using solid-phase extraction (SPE) was also thoroughly studied. The method was successfully validated at 10 μg·kg-1, 25 μg·kg-1, and 50 μg·kg-1 showing adequate trueness (70-130%) and repeatability (RSD < 30%), with few exceptions. Procedural limits of quantification (LOQPRO) were determined for soil:compost (0.45 to 7.50 μg·kg-1) and manure (0.31 to 5.53 μg·kg-1) samples. Pefloxacin could not be validated at the lowest level since LOQPRO ≥ 10 μg·kg-1. Sulfamethazine (7.9 ± 0.8 µg·kg-1), danofloxacin (27.1 ± 1.4 µg·kg-1) and trimethoprim (4.9 ± 0.5 µg·kg-1) were detected in soil samples; and tetracycline (56.8 ± 2.8 µg·kg-1), among other antimicrobials, in the plants grown on the surface of the studied soil samples. Similarly, sulfonamides (SAs), tetracyclines (TCs) and fluoroquinolones (FQs) were detected in sheep manure in a range of 1.7 ± 0.3 to 93.3 ± 6.8 µg·kg-1. Soil and manure samples were also analysed through UHPLC coupled to a high-resolution mass-spectrometer (UHPLC-qOrbitrap) in order to extend the multitarget method to suspect screening of more than 22,281 suspects. A specific transformation product (TP) of sulfamethazine (formyl-sulfamethazine) was annotated at 2a level in manure samples, among others. This work contributes to the efforts that have been made in the last decade to develop analytical methods that allow multitarget analysis of a wide variety of antimicrobials, including TPs, which is a complex task due to the diverse physicochemical properties of the antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vergara-Luis
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48490, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain.
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - N Bocayá
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48490, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M Irazola-Duñabeitia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48490, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - O Zuloaga
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48490, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M Lacuesta
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country, Spain
| | - M Olivares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48490, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - A Prieto
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48490, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
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3
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Wei XW, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li M, Liu ZF, Feng XS, Tan Y. A Review on Pretreatment and Analysis Methods of Polyether Antibiotics in Complex Samples. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-25. [PMID: 37647335 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2251156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyether antibiotics (PAs) are the anti-coccidiosis drugs used for treating and preventing coccidiosis. Studies show the residues of these antibiotics in food cause adversities and threaten human health. PAs thus need robust, rugged, and accurate methods for their analysis. This review encompasses pretreatment and detection methods of PAs in diverse matrices since 2010. Both conventional and developed methods are part of the pretreatments, such as dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, solvent front position extraction, QuEChERS (Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe), supercritical fluid extraction, and others. The analysis methods involve liquid chromatography coupled with detectors, sensors, etc. The pros and cons of various techniques for PAs have been discussed and future tendencies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Wei Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Li
- Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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4
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Godfrey AR, Dunscombe J, Gravell A, Hunter A, Barrow MP, van Keulen G, Desbrow C, Townsend R. Use of QuEChERS as a manual and automated high-throughput protocol for investigating environmental matrices. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136313. [PMID: 36067814 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution has strong links to adverse human health outcomes with risks of pollution through production, use, ineffective wastewater (WW) remediation, and/or leachate from landfill. 'Fit-for-purpose' monitoring approaches are critical for better pollution control and mitigation of harm, with current sample preparation methods for complex environmental matrices typically time-consuming and labour intensive, unsuitable for high-throughput screening. This study has shown that a modified 'Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe' (QuEChERS) sample preparation is a viable alternative for selected environmental matrices required for pollution monitoring (e.g. WW effluent, treated sludge cake and homogenised biota tissue). As a manual approach, reduced extraction times (hours to ∼20 min/sample) with largely reproducible (albeit lower) recoveries of a range of pharmaceuticals and biocidal surfactants have been reported. Its application has shown clear differentiation of matrices via chemometrics, and the measurement of pollutants of interest to the UK WW industry at concentrations significantly above suggested instrument detection limits (IDL) for sludge, indicating insufficient removal and/or bioaccumulation during WW treatment. Furthermore, new pollutant candidates of emerging concern were identified - these included detergents, polymers and pharmaceuticals, with quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) biocides observed at 2.3-70.4 mg/kg, and above levels associated with priority substances for environmental quality regulation (EQSD). Finally, the QuEChERS protocol was adapted to function as a fully automated workflow, further reducing the resource to complete both the preparation and analysis to <40 min. This operated with improved recovery for soil and biota (>62%), and when applied to a largely un-investigated clay matrix, acceptable recovery (88.0-131.1%) and precision (≤10.3% RSD) for the tested pharmaceuticals and biocides was maintained. Therefore, this preliminary study has shown the successful application of a high-throughput QuEChERS protocol across a range of environmental solids for potential deployment in a regulated laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ruth Godfrey
- Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
| | | | - Anthony Gravell
- Natural Resources Wales Analytical Services, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Ann Hunter
- Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Mark P Barrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - Claire Desbrow
- Biotage GB Limited, Dyffryn Business Park, Hengoed, CF82 7TS, UK
| | - Rachel Townsend
- Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
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5
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Sui X, Feng C, Ankeny M, Vinueza NR. Quantification of docusate antimicrobial finishing after simulated landfill degradation via tandem mass spectrometry and QuEChERS extraction. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:4338-4343. [PMID: 36260025 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01153k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An analytical method for the detection and quantification of silver docusate antimicrobial finishing in soil was developed through a combination of the QuEChERS extraction method and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) quantification with isotopically labeled internal standard. First, the calibration system was established in the matrix where QuEChERS extraction removed docusate from soil. The addition of an isotopically labeled internal standard reduces ionization suppression due to instrumental fluctuation and run-to-run deviation. After establishing the calibration system, this quantification method was validated according to a guideline from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. A series of variables for quantification were validated including coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.989 ± 0.002), percent error (% error = 3 ± 4%), coefficient of variation (% CV = 6 ± 1%), limit of detection (LOD = 8 ± 2 ng mL-1), lower limit of quantification (LLOQ = 27 ± 5 ng mL-1), recovery and matrix effect (matrix effect = 0.944 ± 0.026). Those parameters were obtained from the inter- and intra-day measurements for both calibration and the quality control standards. Later, samples extracted from a simulated landfill degradation of cotton fabrics applied with sliver docusate antimicrobial finishing were measured. It was observed that the concentration measured (51 ± 5 ng mL-1 or 252 ± 25 ng g-1) fell into the ranges defined by the method development with good precision (% CV = 4 ± 1%). Results from this study could further the understanding of textile landfill degradation and facilitate further study regarding docusate contamination in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Sui
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry, and Science, College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| | - Chengcheng Feng
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry, and Science, College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| | - Mary Ankeny
- Cotton Incorporated, Cary, North Carolina, 27513, USA
| | - Nelson R Vinueza
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry, and Science, College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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Zhao J, Luan Y, Chen Y, Cheng L, Qin Q. Toxicological and transcriptomic-based analysis of monensin and sulfamethazine co-exposure on male SD rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 245:114110. [PMID: 36155339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic residue has become an emerging environmental contaminant, while the toxicological effects and underlying mechanisms caused by the co-exposure to multiple veterinary antibiotics were rarely studied. In this study, male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to monensin (M) (1, 2, 10 mg/(kg·body weight (BW)) combined with sulfamethazine (S) (60, 120, 600 mg/(kg·BW)) or single drugs for 28 consecutive days. The body weight, hematological and blood biochemical parameters, organ coefficients, and histopathology were analyzed to discover their combined toxicity effect. Transcriptomic analysis was used to reveal the possible mechanisms of their joint toxicity. Compared with the control group, the weight gain rate was significantly reduced in the H-M+S and H-S, and alkaline phosphatase in H-M+S was significantly increased. Furthermore, relative liver and kidneys weight was significantly increased, and the liver of H-M+S showed more severe lesions in histopathological analysis. For H-M+S, H-M and H-S, transcriptomic results showed that 344, 246, and 99 genes were differentially expressed, respectively. The Gene Ontology terms mainly differ in sterol biosynthetic process and steroid hydroxylase activity. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathways showed abnormal retinol metabolism, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, and drug metabolism-cytochrome 450; the common 30 genes were screened from the network of protein-protein interaction. The results showed that mixed contamination of M and S produces hepatotoxicity by interfering with linoleic acid metabolism, retinol metabolism and CYP450 enzyme-dominated drug metabolism. Further analysis showed that Cyp1a2, Cyp2c61, Ugt1a3, and Ugt1a5 might be the key genes. These findings could provide more evidence for investigating the toxic effects and metabolism of mixed antibiotics contamination in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Yehui Luan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Yanan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Linli Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093, China; National Reference Laboratory on Residue of Veterinary Medicine, Beijing 100093, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Source Food Safety Testing Technology, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Qianxi Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100093, China.
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Shi X, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Geng Y, Wang L, Peng Y, He Z. Novel and simple analytical method for simultaneous determination of sulfonamide, quinolone, tetracycline, macrolide, and chloramphenicol antibiotics in soil. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:6497-6506. [PMID: 35829769 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04206-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The multiclass determination of antibiotic residues in the soil is challenging because of its complex physicochemical properties. In this study, a simple analytical method was developed to simultaneously extract and determine 58 antibiotics from the soil. A novel acidity-regulated extraction-partition-concentration protocol was established for the simultaneous extraction of five classes (23 sulfonamides, 18 quinolones, five tetracyclines, eight macrolides, and four chloramphenicols) of antibiotics from the soil. Compared to traditional methods, the sample preparation efficiency was significantly improved by four times (45 min vs. 230 min) by optimizing the extraction method and omitting the time-consuming solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure. The ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was optimized to determine the 58 antibiotics in a single run by applying positive/negative switching acquisition mode in less than 10 min with the baseline separation of sulfameter and sulfamethoxypyridazine. Suitable recoveries, ranging between 60 and 120%, were obtained for most antibiotics, with RSD <20%. The limits of quantification (LOQ) of the method were 2 μg/kg and 5 μg/kg. Thus, this study provides a simple, reliable, and economical method for accurately and rapidly determining a multiclass of antibiotics in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Shi
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Geng
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Peng
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeying He
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, People's Republic of China.
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do Amaral B, Peralta-Zamora P, Nagata N. Simultaneous multi-residue pesticide analysis in southern Brazilian soil based on chemometric tools and QuEChERS-LC-DAD/FLD method. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:39102-39115. [PMID: 35098463 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A simple and straightforward QuEChERS extraction method was proposed for the simultaneous determination of atrazine (ATZ), desethylatrazine (DEA), desisopropylatrazine (DIA), carbaryl (CBL), carbendazim (CBD), and diuron (DIU) in soil with high agricultural activity from southeastern Brazil, using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection/fluorescence detection. Screening studies carried out by 24 factorial design indicate better recoveries when less sample (1.0 g) and the volume of solvent (2.0 mL of ACN) were applied, compared to the original QuEChERS method. Furthermore, interactions between factors were not negligible in the experimental set, except for ATZ and DIU, in which only water volume influenced their recovery. The influence of the type (primary secondary amine (PSA), C18, and Florisil) and the sorbent amount ratio to the compounds' concentration were also considered. PSA (25 mg) was selected as the best sorbent without losing analytical response. The limits of quantification (LOQ) were estimated to be 5.0 to 15 µg kg-1 in the soil matrix. Analytical performances were consistent with linearity (R2 ≥ 0.998), recovery from 74.7 to 108%, and relative standard deviations (RSD) between 2.6 and 20.2%. Robustness was assessed by fractional factorial Plackett-Burman design. The method is recommended for chemicals that are soluble in water, and it was successfully applied in the analysis of real soil samples containing the analytes in the range of μg kg-1, proving to be suitable for the study of soils strongly impacted by agricultural activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca do Amaral
- Itaipu Technological Park Foundation, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, 85867-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Noemi Nagata
- Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
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9
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Perruchon C, Katsivelou E, Karas PA, Vassilakis S, Lithourgidis AA, Kotsopoulos TA, Sotiraki S, Vasileiadis S, Karpouzas DG. Following the route of veterinary antibiotics tiamulin and tilmicosin from livestock farms to agricultural soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:128293. [PMID: 35066227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Veterinary antibiotics (VAs) are not completely metabolized in the animal body. Hence, when animal excretes are used as soil manures, VA residues are dispersed with potential implications for environmental quality and human health. We studied the persistence of tiamulin (TIA) and tilmicosin (TLM) along their route from pig administration to fecal excretion and to agricultural soils. TLM was detected in feces at levels folds higher (4.27-749.6 μg g-1) than TIA (0.55-5.99 μg g-1). Different administration regimes (feed or water) showed different excretion patterns and residual levels for TIA and TLM, respectively. TIA and TLM (0.5, 5 and 50 μg g-1) dissipated gradually from feces when stored at ambient conditions (DT50 5.85-35.9 and 23.5-49.8 days respectively), while they persisted longer during anaerobic digestion (DT90 >365 days) with biomethanation being adversely affected at VA levels > 5 μg g-1. When applied directly in soils, TLM was more persistent than TIA with soil fumigation extending their persistence suggesting microbial degradation, while soil application through feces increased their persistence, probably due to increased sorption to the fecal organic matter. The use of TIA- and TLM-contaminated feces as manures is expected to lead to VAs dispersal with unexplored consequences for the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Perruchon
- Laboratory of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - E Katsivelou
- Laboratory of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - P A Karas
- Laboratory of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - S Vassilakis
- Laboratory of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; University of Patras, Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Patras, Greece
| | - A A Lithourgidis
- Department of Hydraulics, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - T A Kotsopoulos
- Department of Hydraulics, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - S Sotiraki
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization - Demeter, Veterinary Research Institute, Group of Parasitology, Thermi, 57100 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - S Vasileiadis
- Laboratory of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - D G Karpouzas
- Laboratory of Plant and Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece.
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Huidobro-López B, López-Heras I, Alonso-Alonso C, Martínez-Hernández V, Nozal L, de Bustamante I. Analytical method to monitor contaminants of emerging concern in water and soil samples from a non-conventional wastewater treatment system. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1671:463006. [PMID: 35395450 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nonconventional wastewater treatments, such as vegetation filters (VFs), are propitious systems to attenuate contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in small municipalities. The development of standardised multiresidue and multimatrix methods suitable for measuring a reliable number of CEC in environmental samples is crucial for monitoring infiltrating concentrations and for ensuring these systems' treatment capacity. The objective of this study is to develop and validate an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of CECs, including transformation products (TPs), with diverse physico-chemical properties, in environmental samples. The optimised method is based on sample clean-up and preconcentration by solid-phase extraction (SPE), followed by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The method is able to detect and quantify 40 target CECs, including pharmaceuticals of different classes (analgesics, antibiotics, antihypertensives, lipid regulators, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antiarrhythmics, beta-blockers, amongst others), hormones and lifestyle products with good reproducibility (variations below 23%), in different water matrices, and 28 CECs, in soil samples. Acceptable recoveries (65-120%) were obtained for most of the CECs in all the matrices. However in the soil samples, as complexity required a prior extraction treatment, the recovery of some analytes was affected, which reduced the number of target CECs. The achieved methodological quantification limits (0.05-5 ng/L and 0.04-1.1 ng/g levels for the water and the soil matrices, respectively) were reasonably low for most CECs. The proposed method was successfully applied to monitor CECs in a VF. The CECs detected at higher concentrations are some of the world's most widely used products (e.g. acetaminophen or caffeine and its main TP, paraxanthine). The results showed an almost 70% reduction in CEC concentrations during infiltration. The groundwater data indicated that the VF treatment operation did not affect the underlying aquifer (Cmax found in GW <1 µg/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Huidobro-López
- IMDEA Water, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Geology, Geography and Environment Department, University of Alcala, A-II km 33.0, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel López-Heras
- IMDEA Water, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Leonor Nozal
- IMDEA Water, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Center of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology (CQAB), University of Alcala and General Foundation of Alcala University (FGUA), A-II km 33.0, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene de Bustamante
- IMDEA Water, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Geology, Geography and Environment Department, University of Alcala, A-II km 33.0, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Zhao H, Hu J. Total residue levels and risk assessment of flufenacet and its four metabolites in corn. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Liu X, Sun Y. Determination of multiple antibiotics in agricultural soil using a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:602-613. [PMID: 34750965 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we combined ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry to establish a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method of detecting 21 target antibiotics in agricultural soil samples. Antibiotics were extracted with mixed solvents consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate and phosphoric acid citric acid buffer and acetonitrile which were purified with octadecylsilyl as an adsorbent and anhydrous sodium sulfate as a desiccant. This method was able to effectively extract all of the target antibiotics from agricultural soils, with recovery efficiencies ranging from 55 to 108% and limits of detection between 0.09-0.68 μg/kg. We also validated this new method for selectivity, sensitivity, and reliability of detecting multiple antibiotics in 12 samples. Considering the potential environmental and public health effects of antibiotics in agricultural soils, our new method can help analyze the degree of antibiotic contamination and provide valuable information for soil quality and risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine (CAIQ)TEST Co., Ltd, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Beijing Station of Agro-Environmental Monitoring, Test and Supervision Center of Agro-Environmental Quality, MOA, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
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13
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García Valverde M, Martínez Bueno MJ, Gómez-Ramos MM, Aguilera A, Gil García MD, Fernández-Alba AR. Determination study of contaminants of emerging concern at trace levels in agricultural soil. A pilot study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 782:146759. [PMID: 33838369 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to develop and validate a quick, easy, and robust extraction method for the simultaneous determination of 30 organic contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) including some transformation products in soil samples. Three different extraction methods based on an ultrasonic cylindrical probe (UAE), a pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), and a QuEChERS method were compared. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for identification and quantification of the target analytes. A modified QuEChERS method showed the best results in terms of extractability and accuracy. The extraction procedure developed provided adequate extraction performances (70% of the target analytes were recovered within a 70-99% range), with good repeatability and reproducibility (variations below 20%) and great sensitivity (LOQ < 0.1 ng/g in most cases). No matrix effects were observed for 70% of the compounds. Finally, the analytical methodology was applied in a pilot study where agricultural soil was irrigated with reclaimed water spiked with the contaminants under study. Of the 25 CECs added in irrigation water, a total of 13 pesticides and 5 pharmaceutical products were detected at concentration ranges from 0.1 to 1.2 ng/g (d.w) and from 0.1 to 2.0 ng/g (d.w), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M García Valverde
- University of Almería, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M J Martínez Bueno
- University of Almería, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M M Gómez-Ramos
- University of Almería, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A Aguilera
- University of Almería, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - M D Gil García
- University of Almería, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - A R Fernández-Alba
- University of Almería, Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Ctra. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120 Almería, Spain.
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Hang L, Zhao Y, Liu C, Yu Y, He Y, Xu J, Lu Z. Determine Multiple Classes of Veterinary Antibiotics in Soil: Comparing Dispersive and Solid-Phase Extraction for Sample Cleanup. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04064-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Acosta-Dacal A, Rial-Berriel C, Díaz-Díaz R, Bernal-Suárez MDM, Zumbado M, Henríquez-Hernández LA, Luzardo OP. An Easy Procedure to Quantify Anticoagulant Rodenticides and Pharmaceutical Active Compounds in Soils. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9040083. [PMID: 33920262 PMCID: PMC8068861 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9040083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) extraction was validated for the extraction of seven coumarin anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) and 36 pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) residues in soil samples using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The aim of this work was to develop a method for the monitoring of these compounds in agricultural lands as well as in forensic applications for the determination of ARs poisoning. As far as is known, this is the first time that a QuEChERS-based method is used for the extraction of ARs in soil, as well as on such a quantity of PhACs. A matrix effect study was carried out on samples of soil devoted to agriculture in the midland area of the Canary Islands (clay loam type). It was in house validated (accuracy, precision, and linearity) at seven spiked levels between 0.5 and 50 ng g−1. The limits of quantification (LOQ) ranged between 0.5 and 50.0 ng g−1 and the limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.024 to 6.25 ng g−1. The method was then successfully used for both the determination of the target analytes in the soils from the agricultural plots that had been irrigated with regenerated water, and in the soil collected from underneath wild bird carcasses (which had been the subject of forensic investigation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Acosta-Dacal
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.A.-D.); (C.R.-B.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.)
| | - Cristian Rial-Berriel
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.A.-D.); (C.R.-B.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.)
| | - Ricardo Díaz-Díaz
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Technological Institute of the Canary Islands, C/Los Cactus No 68, Polígono Industrial de Arinaga, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas, Spain; (R.D.-D.); (M.d.M.B.-S.)
| | - María del Mar Bernal-Suárez
- Department of Environmental Analysis, Technological Institute of the Canary Islands, C/Los Cactus No 68, Polígono Industrial de Arinaga, Agüimes, 35118 Las Palmas, Spain; (R.D.-D.); (M.d.M.B.-S.)
| | - Manuel Zumbado
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.A.-D.); (C.R.-B.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.A.-D.); (C.R.-B.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Octavio P. Luzardo
- Toxicology Unit, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.A.-D.); (C.R.-B.); (M.Z.); (L.A.H.-H.)
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-928-451-424; Fax: +34-928-451-416
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Sefiloglu FO, Tezel U, Balcıoğlu IA. Validation of an Analytical Workflow for the Analysis of Pesticide and Emerging Organic Contaminant Residues in Paddy Soil and Rice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:3298-3306. [PMID: 33427464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of agricultural soil with organic contaminants is a global problem due to the risks associated with food security and ecological sustainability. Besides the use of agrochemicals, hundreds of emerging contaminants enter arable lands through polluted irrigation water. In this study, an analytical workflow based on QuEChERS extraction coupled with LC-MS/MS quantification was applied to measure 65 emerging contaminants (42 pesticides and 23 multiclass industrial chemicals) in soil and rice for the first time. The method was validated on paddy and yard soil and rice plants. A recovery efficiency ranging between 70 and 120% (RSD <20%) was achieved for more than 70% of the analytes. Then, the validated method was used to quantify target contaminants in 22 soil and 9 rice samples collected mainly from paddy fields close to the Ergene River (Turkey), which is a highly polluted river used for irrigation in the region. Pesticide residues were present in all soil samples up to 2.4 mg/kg. However, their concentrations were below their maximum residual limits in rice. Azoxystrobin, prochloraz, propiconazole, imidacloprid, and epoxiconazole were the most frequently detected pesticides. In addition, industrial pollutants such as benzyldimethyldodecylammonium and tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate were detected in paddy soil samples at concentrations between 0.1 and 691 μg/kg. Benzyldimethyldodecylammonium and 5-methyl-1H benzotriazole were also measured in rice at concentrations up to 0.26 and 2.13 μg/kg, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feride Oyku Sefiloglu
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Boğaziçi University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
| | - Ulas Tezel
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Boğaziçi University, Bebek, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
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Hu H, Lee-Fong Y, Peng J, Hu B, Li J, Li Y, Huang H. Comparative Research of Chemical Profiling in Different Parts of Fissistigma oldhamii by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2021; 26:960. [PMID: 33670350 PMCID: PMC7918369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The roots of Fissistigma oldhamii (FO) are widely used as medicine with the effect of dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation and relieving pains, and its fruits are considered delicious. However, Hakka people always utilize its above-ground parts as a famous folk medicine, Xiangteng, with significant differences from literatures. Studies of chemical composition showed there were multiple aristolactams that possessed high nephrotoxicity, pending evaluation research about their distribution in FO. In this study, a sensitive, selective, rapid and reliable method was established to comparatively perform qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of the constituents in roots, stems, leaves, fruits and insect galls, using an Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Hybrid Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS, or Q-Exactive for short). To make more accurate identification and comparison of FO chemicals, all MS data were aligned and screened by XCMS, then their structures were elucidated according to MSn ion fragments between the detected and standards, published ones or these generated by MS fragmenter. A total of 79 compounds were identified, including 33 alkaloids, 29 flavonoids, 11 phenylpropanoids, etc. There were 54 common components in all five parts, while another 25 components were just detected in some parts. Six toxic aristolactams were detected in this experiment, including aristolactam AII, AIIIa, BII, BIII, FI and FII, of which the relative contents in above-ground stems were much higher than roots. Meanwhile, multivariate statistical analysis was performed and showed significant differences both in type and content of the ingredients within all FO parts. The results implied that above-ground FO parts should be carefully valued for oral administration and eating fruits. This study demonstrated that the high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with multivariate statistical methods was a powerful tool in compound analysis of complicated herbal extracts, and the results provide the basis for its further application, scientific development of quality standard and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2465, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yau Lee-Fong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Macao University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Jinnian Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Bin Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Jialin Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Yaoli Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Macao University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China;
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Ajibola AS, Amoniyan OA, Ekoja FO, Ajibola FO. QuEChERS Approach for the Analysis of Three Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics in Wastewater: Concentration Profiles and Ecological Risk in Two Nigerian Hospital Wastewater Treatment Plants. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 80:389-401. [PMID: 33247335 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00789-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Hospital wastewater is regarded as a primary and very important source of antibiotics in the aquatic environment. Studies on the analysis, occurrence, and ecological risk assessment of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in wastewater are still limited in Africa. A quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method was optimized and applied for determination of three fluoroquinolone antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin) in wastewater from two Nigerian hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and effluent receiving water. Separation, detection, and quantification of target fluoroquinolone antibiotics were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ecological risk of the three fluoroquinolone antibiotics was evaluated for three trophic levels: fish, daphnid, and algae. The method LODs were 4.1 µg L-1, 7.0 µg L-1, and 18.5 µg L-1 for ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin, respectively. Satisfactory recoveries and precisions were achieved, in addition to the correlation coefficients of greater than 0.993. Target fluoroquinolones were quantified in influents up to 228 µg L-1 (UCH influent) for ciprofloxacin, 561 µg L-1 (Ijaiye influent) for norfloxacin, and 198 µg L-1 (UCH influent) for ofloxacin. Norfloxacin had the highest concentration (386 µg L-1) in effluent receiving water. All three fluoroquinolones posed low risk to fish, whereas ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin presented moderate risk to daphnid and algae. To the best of our knowledge, this work presents the first data on the occurrence and risk assessment of the target fluoroquinolones in wastewater from Nigerian hospital WWTPs. The findings revealed the importance of developing local and nationwide surveys of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in the Nigerian aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinranti S Ajibola
- Analytical/Environmental Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Oluwasegun A Amoniyan
- Analytical/Environmental Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Faith O Ekoja
- Analytical/Environmental Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Florence O Ajibola
- Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology (Ecotoxicology), University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Levent S, Özcan S, Geven A, Can NÖ. A Novel and Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for the Quantitation of Ceftiofur in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Milk Samples. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 24:386-399. [PMID: 33176637 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323999201110192558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the present study, a sensitive and selective liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was described for the determination of ceftiofur (CEF) in cow milk and pharmaceutical preparations. CEF is an antibiotic compound, which is commonly used in the treatment of animal diseases such as respiratory system, soft tissue, and foot infections, as well as postpartum acute puerperal metritis. One of the critical features of CEF is its prescription while breastfeeding cows; in accordance, its quantitative estimation is essential to assess its residual amounts. METHODS In the method reported herein, after simple protein precipitation using acetonitrile, the pre-treated samples were introduced into an LC-MS/MS instrument equipped with a Chromolith® High-Resolution RP-18 series HPLC column (100 mm × 4.6 mm from Merck KGaA, Germany). Electrospray ionization was employed as the ionization source in the triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer. RESULTS For the calibration method using solvent-based standards, LOQ was 3.038 ng/mL, 12.15 ng/mL, and LOD was 1.215 ng/mL and 6.076 ng/mL for ESI+ and ESI- modes, respectively. On the other hand, for the method of matrix-matched standards, LOQ was 1.701 ng/mL, 10.13 ng/mL, and LOD was 0.486 ng/mL and 5.929 ng/mL for ESI+ and ESI- modes, respectively as obtained from signal to noise ratio. CONCLUSION Applicability of both positive and negative ion modes was tested, and the analyte was detected via multiple reaction monitoring. The distorting effects of the milk matrix on the MS ionization and quantitation of CEF were overcome by using matrix-matched calibration for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Levent
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Saniye Özcan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Aysun Geven
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Nafiz Öncü Can
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Zhang C, Deng Y, Zheng J, Zhang Y, Yang L, Liao C, Su L, Zhou Y, Gong D, Chen L, Luo A. The application of the QuEChERS methodology in the determination of antibiotics in food: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Perestrelo R, Silva P, Porto-Figueira P, Pereira JAM, Silva C, Medina S, Câmara JS. QuEChERS - Fundamentals, relevant improvements, applications and future trends. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1070:1-28. [PMID: 31103162 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) method is a simple and straightforward extraction technique involving an initial partitioning followed by an extract clean-up using dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE). Originally, the QuEChERS approach was developed for recovering pesticide residues from fruits and vegetables, but rapidly gained popularity in the comprehensive isolation of analytes from different matrices. According to PubMed, since its development in 2003 up to November 2018, about 1360 papers have been published reporting QuEChERS as extraction method. Several papers have reported different improvements and modifications to the original QuEChERS protocol to ensure more efficient extractions of pH-dependent analytes and to minimize the degradation of labile analytes. This analytical approach shows several advantages over traditional extraction techniques, requiring low sample and solvent volumes, as well as less time for sample preparation. Furthermore, most of the published studies show that the QuEChERS protocol provides higher recovery rate and a better analytical performance than conventional extraction procedures. This review proposes an updated overview of the most recent developments and applications of QuEChERS beyond its original application to pesticides, mycotoxins, veterinary drugs and pharmaceuticals, forensic analysis, drugs of abuse and environmental contaminants. Their pros and cons will be discussed, considering the factors influencing the extraction efficiency. Whenever possible, the performance of the QuEChERS is compared to other extraction approaches. In addition to the evolution of this technique, changes and improvements to the original method are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Perestrelo
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Silva
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Priscilla Porto-Figueira
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Jorge A M Pereira
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Catarina Silva
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Sonia Medina
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
| | - José S Câmara
- CQM - Centro de Química da Madeira, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal; Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Engenharia, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
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22
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Determination of organic microcontaminants in agricultural soils irrigated with reclaimed wastewater: Target and suspect approaches. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1030:115-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Rudnicki K, Landová P, Wrońska M, Domagała S, Čáslavský J, Vávrová M, Skrzypek S. Quantitative determination of the veterinary drug monensin in horse feed samples by square wave voltammetry (SWV) and direct infusion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (DI–ESI–MS/MS). Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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24
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Chung HS, Lee YJ, Rahman MM, Abd El-Aty AM, Lee HS, Kabir MH, Kim SW, Park BJ, Kim JE, Hacımüftüoğlu F, Nahar N, Shin HC, Shim JH. Uptake of the veterinary antibiotics chlortetracycline, enrofloxacin, and sulphathiazole from soil by radish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 605-606:322-331. [PMID: 28668743 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Veterinary antibiotics are available for uptake by the plants through sources such as manure, irrigation, and atmospheric interaction. The present study was conducted to estimate the half-lives of three veterinary antibiotics, chlortetracycline (CTC), enrofloxacin (ENR), and sulphathiazole (STZ), in soil and experimentally explore their uptake from contaminated soil to radish roots and leaves. Samples were extracted using a modified citrate-buffered version of the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe "QuEChERS" method followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometric analysis (LC-MS/MS) in the positive ion mode. Good linearity was observed for the three tested antibiotics in soil and plants (roots and leaves) with high coefficients of determination (R2≥0.9922). The average recovery rates at two spiking levels with three replicates per level ranged between 77.1 and 114.8%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD)≤19.9% for all tested drugs. In a batch incubation experiment (in vitro study), the half-lives of CTC, ENR, and STZ ranged from 2.0-6.1, 2.2-4.5, and 1.1-2.2days, respectively. Under greenhouse conditions, the half-lives of the three target antibiotics in soil with and without radishes were 2.5-6.9 and 2.7-7.4; 4.7-16.7 and 10.3-14.6; and 4.4-4.9 and 2.5-2.8days, respectively. Trace amounts of the target antibiotics (CTC, ENR, and STZ) were taken up from soil via roots and entered the leaves of radishes. The concentration of CTC was lower than 2.73%, ENR was 0.08-3.90%, and <1.64% STZ was uptaken. In conclusion, the concentrations of the tested antibiotics decreased with time and consequently lower residues were observed in the radishes. The rapid degradation of the tested antibiotics in the present study might have only little impact on soil microorganisms, fauna, and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Suk Chung
- Natural Products Chemistry Lab., College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Lee
- Kyung Nong Co., Ltd., Central Research Institute, Summeori-gil, Gyeongju-si, Gyeong Buk 38175, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Musfiqur Rahman
- Natural Products Chemistry Lab., College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Han Sol Lee
- Natural Products Chemistry Lab., College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Humayun Kabir
- Natural Products Chemistry Lab., College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Kim
- Natural Products Chemistry Lab., College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Jun Park
- Chemical Safety Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Eok Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazil Hacımüftüoğlu
- Department of Soil Sciences and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nilufar Nahar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Lab., College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Papastavros E, Remmers RA, Snow DD, Cassada DA, Hage DS. Affinity extraction of emerging contaminants from water based on bovine serum albumin as a binding agent. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:1074-1082. [PMID: 29232050 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Affinity sorbents using bovine serum albumin as a binding agent were developed and tested for the extraction of environmental contaminants from water. Computer simulations based on a countercurrent distribution model were also used to study the behavior of these sorbents. Several model drugs, pesticides, and hormones of interest as emerging contaminants were considered in this work, with carbamazepine being used as a representative analyte when coupling the albumin column on-line with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The albumin column was found to be capable of extracting carbamazepine from aqueous solutions that contained trace levels of this analyte. Further studies of the bovine serum albumin sorbent indicated that it had higher retention under aqueous conditions than a traditional C18 support for most of the tested emerging contaminants. Potential advantages of using these protein-based sorbents included the low cost of bovine serum albumin and its ability to bind to a relatively wide range of drugs and related compounds. It was also shown how simulations could be used to describe the elution behavior of the model compounds on the bovine serum albumin sorbents as an aid in optimizing the retention and selectivity of these supports for use with liquid chromatography or methods such as liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel D Snow
- Water Sciences Laboratory, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - David A Cassada
- Water Sciences Laboratory, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - David S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
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26
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Yu X, Liu H, Pu C, Chen J, Sun Y, Hu L. Determination of multiple antibiotics in leafy vegetables using QuEChERS-UHPLC-MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:713-722. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation; College of Resources and Environmental Science; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation; College of Resources and Environmental Science; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Chengjun Pu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation; College of Resources and Environmental Science; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Junhao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation; College of Resources and Environmental Science; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation; College of Resources and Environmental Science; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Lin Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation; College of Resources and Environmental Science; China Agricultural University; Beijing P. R. China
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