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Fan X, Zhang K, Wang S, Qi Y, Dai G, Lu T, Mao C. Discrimination between raw and ginger juice processed Fructus Gardeniae based on UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024. [PMID: 38806285 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fructus Gardeniae (ZZ), a traditional Chinese herb, has been used in treating patients with jaundice, inflammation, etc. When mixed with ginger juice and stir-baked, ginger juice-processed Fructus Gardeniae (JZZ) is produced, and the chemical compositions in ZZ would be changed by adding the ginger juice. OBJECTIVE To illuminate the differential components between ZZ and JZZ. METHODS HPLC, UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS, and Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose were applied to identify the differential components between ZZ and JZZ. RESULTS HPLC fingerprints of ZZ and JZZ were established, and 24 common peaks were found. The content determination results showed that the contents of shanzhiside, geniposidic acid, genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside and geniposide increased, while the contents of crocin I and crocin II decreased in JZZ. By UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS, twenty-six possible common components were inferred, among which 11 components were different. In further investigation, eight components were identified as the possible distinctive non-volatile compounds between ZZ and JZZ. By Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose, four substances were inferred as the possible distinctive volatile compounds in JZZ. CONCLUSION Shanzhiside, caffeic acid, genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside, geniposide, rutin, crocin I, crocin II, and 4-Sinapoyl-5-caffeoylquinic acid were identified as the possible differential non-volatile components between ZZ and JZZ. Aniline, 3-methyl-3-sulfanylbutanol-1-ol, E-3-octen-2-one, and decyl propaonate were inferred as the possible distinctive volatile compounds in JZZ. This experiment explored a simple approach with objective and stable results, which would provide new ideas for studying decoction pieces with similar morphological appearance, especially those with different odors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sichen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufang Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guiyu Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tulin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunqin Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Zhu SC, Shi Y, Jin HF, Cao J, Ye LH. Nanographite-assisted matrix solid phase dispersion microextraction of active and toxic compounds from complex food matrices using cyclodextrin aqueous solution as elution solvent. Food Chem 2023; 417:135894. [PMID: 36917908 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a cyclodextrin aqueous solution was used as an environmentally friendly eluent to simultaneously extract active and toxic compounds from food matrices with the aid of nanographite-assisted matrix solid phase dispersion microextraction (NG-MSPDM). The NG-MSPDM procedure was optimized by single-factor experiments and response surface methodology to obtain optimum conditions. The proposed method achieved excellent linearity at 0.10-20 μg/mL for all target analytes with a coefficient of correction (R2) ≥ 0.9909, limits of detection < 52.01 ng/mL, satisfactory reproducibility below 3.21 %, and acceptable recoveries of 82.0-112 %. To accurately determine the target components in the complex matrix, collision cross-section values of the analytes were obtained using ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (IM-Q-TOF/MS). Results indicated that the NG-MSPDM method successfully achieved the simultaneous extraction of flavonoids and phenoxyacetic herbicides from Alpinia officinarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Chen Zhu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China
| | - Ying Shi
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China
| | - Huang-Fei Jin
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China
| | - Jun Cao
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China.
| | - Li-Hong Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, PR China.
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3
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Goyal A, Verma A, Agrawal A, Dubey N, Kumar A, Behl T. Therapeutic implications of crocin in Parkinson's disease: A review of preclinical research. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:1229-1240. [PMID: 36752710 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is among the most common forms of neurodegenerative illness, with present treatment being primarily symptomatic and frequently coming with substantial adverse effects. Neuronal degeneration may arise due to a variety of pathological events, like inflammatory responses, neurotransmitter dysregulation, oxidative damage, mitochondrial malfunction, apoptosis, and genetic factors. The health issue and financial burden brought on by Parkinson's disease can worsen as the population ages. In the search for new and secure therapeutic agents for Parkinson's disease, several natural compounds have been shown to exert considerable neuroprotective benefits. Crocin, a naturally occurring carotenoid molecule, was found to have neuroprotective potential in the therapy of this disorder. Taking into account, the outcomes of various studies and the restorative actions of crocin, the present study emphasized the protective ability of crocin in this disease. Given the strong evidence supporting the neuroprotective ability of crocin, it is inferred that crocin inhibits inflammatory, apoptotic, and antioxidant processes through multiple mechanisms. Therefore, this compound is considered a safe and effective therapeutic choice for neurodegenerative illnesses like Parkinson's disease. However, more research on its efficacy as a treatment of Parkinson's disease is needed, specifically examining its mechanisms and the results obtained in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aanchal Verma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anant Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nandini Dubey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhay Kumar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidohli, Uttarakhand, India
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4
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Jiao P, Li B, Zhang F, Tang C. Chitosan-based matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction assisted cell membrane magnetic bead ligand-affinity assay for screening active compounds from Fructus Cnidii. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3725-3734. [PMID: 35906749 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cell membrane ligand-affinity assay is a useful tool for screening the active compounds from natural products. However, in traditional cell membrane ligand-affinity assays, natural products need to be refluxed, before being analyzed. This process consumes considerable time and energy and cannot be used for screening natural products that contain thermally unstable compounds. Therefore, an efficient analytical method is required. In this study, chitosan-based matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction was combined with cell membrane magnetic bead ligand-affinity assay to form a novel method for identifying the active compounds in Fructus Cnidii such as osthole and imperatorin. When compared with traditional cell membrane ligand-affinity assays, this assay requires less energy, extraction time (7 min), solvent volume (1.2 mL) and fewer natural products (40 mg). This indicates that the chitosan-based matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction assisted cell membrane magnetic beads ligand-affinity assay is an alternative analytical method for studying natural products. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Jiao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Bing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
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5
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Shi MZ, Yu YL, Zhu SC, Yang J, Cao J. Latest Development of Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion Extraction and Microextraction for Natural Products from 2015-2021. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2022.2094274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Zhen Shi
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ya-Ling Yu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si-Chen Zhu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juan Yang
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Cao
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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6
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Zhang H, Sun Y, Yau SY, Zhou Y, Song X, Zhang HT, Zhu B, Wu H, Chen G. Synergistic effects of two natural compounds of iridoids on rapid antidepressant action by up-regulating hippocampal PACAP signaling. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4078-4091. [PMID: 35362097 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Current mainstream antidepressants have limited efficacy and a delayed onset of action. Yueju is a traditional herbal medicine conferring rapid antidepressant activity. Here we attempted to identify the effective compounds from Yueju and the underlying mechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH A transcriptomic analysis was employed to discover key candidate molecules for rapid antidepressant response. The enriched compounds in Yueju were identified with HPLC. Antidepressant effects were evaluated periodically using various behavioral paradigms. The mechanistic signaling was assessed using site-directed pharmacological intervention or optogenetic manipulation. KEY RESULTS A transcriptomic analysis revealed that Yueju up-regulated pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) expression in the hippocampus. Two iridoids geniposide (GP) and shanzhiside methyl-ester (SM) were enriched in Yueju. Co-treatment of GP and SM each at an equivalent dose in Yueju synergistically increased PACAP expression and elicited rapid antidepressant effects, which were prevented by intra-hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) infusions of a PACAP antagonist or optogenetic inactivation of PACAP-expressing neurons. GP-SM co-treatment rapidly reduced CaMKII phosphorylation and enhanced mTOR/4EBP1/P70S6k/BDNF signaling, while intra-DG infusions of a CaMKII activator blunted rapid antidepressant effects and BDNF expression up-regulation induced by GP-SM co-treatment. A single administration of GP-SM rapidly improved depression-like behaviors and up-regulated hippocampal PACAP signaling in the repeated corticosterone-induced depression model, further confirming its rapid antidepressant action and the involvement of PACAP. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS GP-SM co-treatment elicited a synergistic effect on rapid antidepressant effects via triggering hippocampal PACAP activity and associated CaMKII-BDNF signaling, shedding lights on the development of novel targeted antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailou Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders & School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neurogeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders & School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Suk-Yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanmeng Zhou
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China
| | - Xinxin Song
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, China
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry, the Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Boran Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoxin Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Personalized Medicine in Brain Disorders & School of Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Departments of Psychiatry & Clinical and Translational Institute of Psychiatric Disorders, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neurogeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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7
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Tang J, Cao Y, Wang X, Yan W, Yao S. A targeted extraction with solvent-free pressurized method based on analyte-like oxonium salts: An example for simultaneous determination of bamboo-leaf flavonoids by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detection. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1658:462595. [PMID: 34662825 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
By using novel oxonium salts in "Sandwich" mode, an improved approach of targeted enrichment through a pressurized solvent-free extraction coupled with ultra-performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detection (UPLC-UV) analysis was developed for main bioactive flavonoids in bamboo leaves. As solid extractants, these salts have the same structural nucleus with analytes. By comparison, the yield of this new method was higher than that of reported ways, and the highest enrichment factor reached 394.22. The whole process was more consistent with pseudo-second order model (R2=0.9994) with the rate constant of 0.0537 (g/mg·min). Moreover, ideal selectivity, linearity, repeatability, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and recovery were all achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Yu Cao
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Wentao Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Shun Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
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8
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Chen X, Cao YG, Ren YJ, Wang MN, Liu YL, He C, Zheng XK, Feng WS. A new quinic acid derivative with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:2836-2842. [PMID: 34100675 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1933973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new quinic acid derivative (1) along with seven known compounds (2-8) were isolated from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis. All the structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of the analysis of multiple spectroscopic data. The α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds were investigated. The results showed that compounds 1-3, 6, and 8 have moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan-Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying-Jie Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng-Na Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan-Ling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chen He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province China, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Chen Y, Zhen XT, Yu YL, Shi MZ, Cao J, Zheng H, Ye LH. Cucurbituril and zwitterionic surfactant-based matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction to simultaneously determine terpenoids from Radix Curcumae. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:1361-1370. [PMID: 33432733 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202001067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A rapid, efficient, and environmentally friendly matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction was established to determine and quantify terpenoids in Radix Curcumae using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. Various parameters affecting the extraction were investigated in detail, such as the grinding time, amount of adsorbent, type and concentration of elution solvent, and pH. The optimization of single-factor and response surface methodology was performed to confirm the best conditions in this procedure. The final optimized conditions were obtained by applying 70 mg of cucurbituril as adsorbent, 149 s as the optimum grinding time, and 228 mM of 3-(N,N-dimethylpalmitylammonio)propanesulfonate aqueous solution (pH 6.5) as the optimal elution solvent. The validated method showed a satisfactory linear range of 0.10-10 µg/mL for curdione and furanodiene, 0.01-10 µg/mL for isocurcumenol and germacrone, and 0.05-10 µg/mL for furanodienone, while the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9945 to 0.9970. The recoveries of the investigated analytes at two spiked concentration levels (0.1 and 1.0 µg/mL) ranged from 96.53 to 104.60%. In addition, this method displayed acceptable reproducibility (relative standard deviation ≤ 3.66%). The results showed that the newly proposed matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction method was successfully applied to analyze curdione, isocurcumenol, furanodienone, germacrone and furanodiene in Radix Curcumae samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ting Zhen
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Ling Yu
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Min-Zhen Shi
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jun Cao
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zheng
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Li-Hong Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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10
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Du KZ, Sun AL, Yan C, Liang C, Qi L, Wang C, Yang R, Cui Y, Shang Y, Li J, Chang YX. Recent advances of green pretreatment techniques for quality control of natural products. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1469-1481. [PMID: 32524626 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A few advancing technologies for natural product analysis have been widely proposed, which focus on decreasing energy consumption and developing an environmentally sustainable manner. These green sample pretreatment and analysis methods following the green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) criteria have the advantage of improving the strategy of chemical analyses, promoting sustainable development to analytical laboratories, and reducing the negative effects of analysis experiments on the environment. A few minimized extraction methodologies have been proposed for replacing the traditional methods in the quality evaluation of natural products, mainly including solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid phase microextraction (LPME). These procedures not only have no need for large numbers of samples and toxic reagent, but also spend a small amount of extraction and analytical time. This overview aims to list out the main green strategies on the application of quality evaluation and control for natural products in the past 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ze Du
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - A-Li Sun
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Chaozhuo Yan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Chunxiao Liang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Lina Qi
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Chenhong Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cui
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Ye Shang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Xu Chang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
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11
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Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Geniposidic Acid, Genipin-1- β-Gentiobioside, Geniposide, Genipin, and Crocetin in Rats after Oral Administration of Crude Gardeniae Fructus and Its Three Processed Products Using LC-MS/MS. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1642761. [PMID: 32454847 PMCID: PMC7229567 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1642761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The extract of Gardeniae Fructus (GF) with different processing methods processed the different medicinal properties and efficacy. Crude GF (CGF) could be processed into stir-frying GF (SGF), gancao mix-frying GF (GCGF), and ginger mix-frying GF (GIGF) in practice. An LC-MS/MS method was established for simultaneous quantification of geniposidic acid, geniposide, genipin-1-β-gentiobioside, genipin, and crocetin in the rat plasma. The LLOQs for determination of all five components were 10 ng/mL. The accuracies of intraday and interday were in the range of 91%-105%. The recoveries of 5 analytes ranged from 81.0% to 114% with RSD less than 14%. The results showed that the AUCs (area under the plasma concentration-time curve) and C max (maximum plasma concentration) of geniposidic acid, genipin-1-β-gentiobioside, and geniposide after oral administration of the CGF extract were apparently higher than those after oral administration of other processed extracts. C max of geniposide in plasma after administration of GIGF significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Genipin was not detected in rat plasma after administration of the GIGF extract, but it can be detected in plasma after administration of CGF, SGF, and GCGF extract. Furthermore, crocin I and crocin II were not detected in plasma samples. Crocetin had higher concentration in rat plasma versus lower contents in extract. It was demonstrated that the different processing methods might influence the pharmacokinetics of geniposidic acid, genipin-1-β-gentiobioside, geniposide, genipin, and crocetin.
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12
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Ma T, Sun J, Li X, Ma Y, Liu L, Guo L, Liu Q, Sun Y. Optimization of extraction for Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. using silica gel-based vortex-homogenized matrix solid-phase dispersion and rapid identification of antioxidant substances. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:2180-2192. [PMID: 32133730 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel and simple method was established for the extraction and determination of seven compounds in Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. using silica gel-based vortex-homogenized matrix solid-phase dispersion and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time of-flight mass spectrometer. The conditions for the extraction were optimized. Silica gel was used as the dispersant, 50% methanol-water was selected as an elution solvent and the grinding time was 3 min. Compared with the traditional ultrasonic-assisted extraction, the developed method was rapid and efficient. In order to screen potential antioxidants, extract dealing with the optimized method was applied to a polyamide chromatography column and a D-101 macroporous resin column. Fr.2.2 showed the highest antioxidant activities with the most content of flavonoid. A total of 25 peaks were identified from the active fraction. A 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry approach was adopted for the rapid and exact screening and identification of antioxidant compounds. It indicated that flavonoids exhibited potential antioxidant activities. The antioxidant activities of nine monomeric compounds in vivo were tested. Structure-activity relationships were discussed. Five flavonoids with the concentration of 500 µg/mL would reduce the oxidative stress of PC12 cells that were induced with 2,2'-azobis[2-methylpropionamidine] dihydrochloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Ma
- Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, P. R. China.,School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Jia Sun
- Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiangkun Li
- Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yukun Ma
- Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Lina Guo
- Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Research Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
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Chen C, Fu Z, Zhou W, Chen Q, Wang C, Xu L, Wang Z, Zhang H. Ionic liquid-immobilized NaY zeolite-based matrix solid phase dispersion for the extraction of active constituents in Rheum palmatum L. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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