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Li H, Xie W, Zeng L, Li W, Shi B, Lei F. Development and evaluation of a hydrogenated rosin (β-acryloxyl ethyl) ester-bonded silica stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography separation of paclitaxel from yew bark. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1665:462815. [PMID: 35038614 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a complex diterpenoid anticancer drug whose separation from yew biomass poses a significant challenge. In this study, a new stationary phase comprising hydrogenated rosin (β-acryloxyl ethyl) ester (HRE)-bonded silica (HRE@SiO2) is developed to separate and purify PTX from crude yew-bark extract using high-performance liquid chromatography. In HRE@SiO2, HRE molecules, which are functional ligands, are bonded to the surface of a silica gel matrix using a coupling agent, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane. The proposed HRE@SiO2 stationary phase was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, laser diffraction granulometry, and nitrogen gas adsorption. The HRE@SiO2 column exhibited excellent chromatographic performance, satisfactory performance reproducibility, and typical reversed-phase chromatographic behavior. An HRE@SiO2 column was used to separate PTX and its analogs, achieving resolutions exceeding 7.43 for consecutively eluted species. Stoichiometric displacement theory for retention (SDT-R), the van Deemter equation, and van 't Hoff plots were used to analyze the separation mechanism and properties of the HRE@SiO2 column. The results showed that hydrophobic interactions determine the analyte retention and the separation of PTX and its analogs on an HRE@SiO2 column is an exothermic process driven by enthalpy. Furthermore, an HRE@SiO2 column was employed to separate and purify PTX from crude yew-bark extract, increasing PTX purity from 6% to 82%. The findings of this study provide insights for developing rosin-based stationary phases for the separation of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Wenbo Xie
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Boan Shi
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Fuhou Lei
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China.
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Saleh B, Ding T, Wang Y, Zheng X, Liu R, He L. Analytical Separation of Closantel Enantiomers by HPLC. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237288. [PMID: 34885866 PMCID: PMC8659055 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Closantel is an antiparasitic drug marketed in a racemic form with one chiral center. It is meaningful to develop a method for separating and analyzing the closantel enantiomers. In this work, two enantiomeric separation methods of closantel were explored by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The influences of the chiral stationary phase (CSP) structure, the mobile phase composition, the nature and proportion of different mobile phase modifiers (alcohols and acids), and the column temperature on the enantiomeric separation of closantel were investigated in detail. The two enantiomers were successfully separated on the novel CSP of isopropyl derivatives of cyclofructan 6 and n-hexane-isopropanol-trifluoroacetic acid (97:3:0.1, v/v/v) as a mobile phase with a resolution (Rs) of about 2.48. The enantiomers were also well separated on the CSP of tris-carbamates of amylose with a higher Rs (about 3.79) when a mixture of n-hexane-isopropanol-trifluoroacetic acid (55:45:0.1, v/v/v) was used as mobile phase. Thus, the proposed separation methods can facilitate molecular pharmacological and biological research on closantel and its enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Saleh
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.S.); (T.D.); (X.Z.)
- Directorate of Veterinary Medicine, General Organization of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Port Said 42511, Egypt
| | - Tongyan Ding
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.S.); (T.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products Guangzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (R.L.)
| | - Xiantong Zheng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.S.); (T.D.); (X.Z.)
| | - Rong Liu
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products Guangzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (R.L.)
| | - Limin He
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.S.); (T.D.); (X.Z.)
- Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center for Domestic Animal Products Guangzhou, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.W.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-85280237; Fax: +86-20-85284896
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Varfaj I, Protti M, Cirrincione M, Carotti A, Mercolini L, Sardella R. Original enantioseparation of illicit fentanyls with cellulose-based chiral stationary phases under polar-ionic conditions. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1643:462088. [PMID: 33784502 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fentanyl analogues used in therapy and a range of highly potent non-pharmaceutical fentanyl derivatives are subject to international control, as the latter are increasingly being synthesized illicitly and sold as 'synthetic heroin', or mixed with heroin. A significant number of hospitalizations and deaths have been reported in the EU and USA following the use of illicitly synthesized fentanyl derivatives. It has been unequivocally demonstrated that the enantiomers of fentanyl derivatives exhibit different pharmaco-toxicological profiles, which makes crucial to avail of suitable analytical methods enabling investigations at a "stereochemical level". Chromatographic methods useful to discriminate the enantioseparation of fentanyls and their derivatives are still missing in the literature. This is the first study in which the enantioseparation of four fentanyl derivatives, that is, (±)-trans-3-methyl norfentanyl, (±)-cis-3-methyl norfentanyl, β-hydroxyfentanyl, and β-hydroxythiofentanyl, has been obtained under polar-ionic conditions. Indeed, the use of ACN-based mobile phases with minor amounts of either 2-propanol or ethanol (plus diethylamine and formic acid as ionic additives) allowed obtaining enantioseparation and enantioresolution factors up to 1.83 and 7.02, respectively. For the study, the two chiral stationary phases cellulose tris(3-chloro-4-methylphenylcarbamate) and cellulose tris(4-chloro-3-methylphenylcarbamate) were used, displaying a remarkably different performance towards the enantioseparation of (±)-cis-3-methyl norfentanyl. Chiral LC analyses with a high-resolution mass spectrometry detector were also carried out in order to confirm the obtained data and demonstrate the suitability and compatibility of the optimized mobile phases with mass spectrometric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Varfaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Protti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna
| | - Marco Cirrincione
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna
| | - Andrea Carotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Mercolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna.
| | - Roccaldo Sardella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy; Center for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
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Li H, Song X, Li P, Li W, Wang T, Qin L, Zhou J, Lei F. Separation of alkaloids and their analogs in HPLC using rosin-based polymer microspheres as stationary phases. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06304e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rosin-based polymer microspheres (RPMs) as stationary phases in HPLC, and an RPM chromatographic column show good performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Xiaomei Song
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Wen Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Liting Qin
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Juying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Fuhou Lei
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
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Tang S, Wang F, Yan Z, Huang L. Enantiomer separation on novel cellulose derivatives bearing regioselective phenylcarbamate groups. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:489-496. [PMID: 33135309 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Four novel regioselectively carbamoylated cellulose derivatives with two types of substituents, one being a 3-chloro-4-methylphenylcarbamate group and the other being a phenylcarbamate, a 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate or a 4-methylphenylcarbamate group, at the 2-, 3-positions and 6-position were synthesized and utilized as chiral stationary phases in high-performance liquid chromatography. The obtained derivatives exhibited characteristic chiral recognition abilities which were significantly affected by the nature and arrangement of the groups at the 2-, 3-positions and 6-position. Compared with cellulose tris(3-chloro-4-methylphenylcarbamate) and Chiralcel OD columns, several racemates were better resolved on these new phases. With all six racemates resolved on cellulose 2,3-bis(4-methylphenylcarbamate)-6-(3-chloro-4-methylphenylcarbamate), it appears to be a potential useful chiral stationary phase in the future. Also, the influence of mobile phase on chiral recognition was investigated. Better resolutions were generally obtained with decreased amount of 2-propanol with a mixture of hexane/2-propanol as the mobile phase. Moreover, when ethanol was used instead of 2-propanol as the mobile phase modifier, poorer enantioseparations were often achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouwan Tang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Tauzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Tauzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhong Yan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Tauzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Tauzhou, P. R. China
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