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Zhang Y, He B, Sun Y, Huang B, Wang Z, Zhou Y. Theoretical investigations on mechanisms and pathways of CH 2ClO 2/CHCl 2O 2 with ClO reactions in the atmosphere. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20457-20468. [PMID: 32242320 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A global and systematic theoretical research on the singlet and triplet potential energy surfaces (PESs) of the CH2ClO2/CHCl2O2 with ClO reactions are done at the CCSD(T)//B3LYP level and accompanied with RRKM computations to forecast the mechanism and distribution of products. The simulation results revealed that, on the singlet PES, products P1 (CHClO + HO2 + Cl)/P1 (CCl2O + HO2 + Cl) from IM1 (CH2ClOOOCl)/IM1 (CHCl2OOOCl) are forecasted to the primary products of the CH2ClO2/CHCl2O2 + ClO reactions, which are initiated by the oxygen atom of ClO radical addition to the terminal-O atom of CH2ClO2/CHCl2O2 barrierlessly, while other product channels contribute less to the whole reactions owing to higher barriers. Two other isomers, including IM2 (CH2ClOOClO) and IM3 (CH2ClOClO2) for the CH2ClO2 + ClO reaction, and three other isomers, including IM2 (CHCl2OOClO), IM3 (CHCl2OClO2), and IM4 (CHCl2ClO3) for the CHCl2O2 + ClO reaction, could be produced as less significant products. RRKM calculations presented that the initial adducts IM1 (CH2ClOOOCl)/IM1 (CHCl2OOOCl) are the primary products at T < 400 K and T < 600 K, respectively, and products P1 (CHClO + HO2 + Cl)/P1 (CCl2O + HO2 + Cl) are dominant the reactions at T ≥ 400 K and T ≥ 600 K, respectively. The atmospheric lifetime of CH2ClO2 and CHCl2O2 in ClO is around 4.61 and 3.24 h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photoinduced Functional Materials, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bing He
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of functional molecules, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Photoinduced Functional Materials, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, People's Republic of China
| | - Baomei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Photoinduced Functional Materials, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photoinduced Functional Materials, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photoinduced Functional Materials, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, People's Republic of China
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Horný Ľ, Quack M, Schaefer HF, Willeke M. Chlorine peroxide (Cl2O2) and its isomers: structures, spectroscopy, formation and thermochemistry. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1143984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ľuboš Horný
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Quack
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Martin Willeke
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Margitan JJ. Chlorine nitrate: The sole product of the ClO + NO2+ M recombination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/jc088ic09p05416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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4
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Zhu R, Lin M. Ab initio chemical kinetics for ClO reactions with HOx, ClOx and NOx (x=1,2): A review. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ferracci V, Rowley DM. Kinetic and thermochemical studies of the ClO + ClO + M <=> Cl(2)O(2) + M reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:11596-608. [PMID: 20676457 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00308e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent work by von Hobe et al. [Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2007, 7, 3055] has highlighted significant inconsistencies between laboratory results, theoretical calculations and field observations concerning the ClO dimer ozone destruction cycle. This work investigates the temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant of one of the key reactions in this cycle, ClO + ClO + M <=> Cl(2)O(2) + M (1, -1), by means of laser flash photolysis and time-resolved UV absorption spectroscopy. ClO radicals were generated via laser flash photolysis of Cl(2)/Cl(2)O mixtures in synthetic air. Radicals were monitored via UV absorption spectroscopy: the use of a charge coupled device (CCD) detector allowed time resolution over a broad range of wavelengths giving unequivocal concentrations of radicals. The equilibrium constant K(eq) was determined as the ratio of the rate constants of the forward and reverse over the temperature range T = 256.55-312.65 K. Second Law and Third Law thermodynamic methods were employed to determine the standard enthalpy and entropy changes of , Δ(r)H° and Δ(r)S°, from the measured equilibrium constants. The values obtained from Second Law analysis were Δ(r)H° = - 80.7 ± 2.2 kJ mol(-1) and Δ(r)S° = -168.1 ± 7.8 J K(-1) mol(-1). Third Law analysis gave Δ(r)H° = -74.65 ± 0.4 kJ mol(-1) and Δ(r)S° = -148.0 ± 0.4 J K(-1) mol(-1). These values are in good agreement with previous work by Nickolaisen et al. [J. Phys. Chem., 1994, 98, 155] but greater in (negative) magnitude than current JPL-NASA recommendations [Sander et al., Chemical Kinetics and Photochemical Data for Use in Atmospheric Studies, JPL Publication 06-2, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, 2006 (interim update to this reference, 2009)]. The discrepancy between the Second and Third Law analyses also agrees with Nickolaisen et al., possibly indicating an aspect of the ClO recombination reaction not yet fully elucidated. The atmospheric implications of the results and their impact on the current understanding on polar ozone depletion are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Ferracci
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
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Dasch W, Sternberg KH, Schindler RN. Laser-Blitzlichtphotolytische Untersuchungen zur Druckabhängigkeit der Reaktion ClO + NO2 + N2 → ClONO2 + N2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19810850717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Zabel F. Chlorine Perchlorate Formation in the Gas Phase Photolysis of Chlorine Dioxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19910950809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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8
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Wilmouth DM, Hanisco TF, Stimpfle RM, Anderson JG. Chlorine-catalyzed ozone destruction: Cl atom production from ClOOCl photolysis. J Phys Chem A 2010; 113:14099-108. [PMID: 19852447 DOI: 10.1021/jp9053204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent laboratory measurements of the absorption cross sections of the ClO dimer, ClOOCl, have called into question the validity of the mechanism that describes the catalytic removal of ozone by chlorine. Here we describe direct measurements of the rate-determining step of that mechanism, the production of Cl atoms from the photolysis of ClOOCl, under laboratory conditions similar to those in the stratosphere. ClOOCl is formed in a cold-temperature flowing system, with production initiated by a microwave discharge of Cl(2) or photolysis of CF(2)Cl(2). Excimer lasers operating at 248, 308, and 352 nm photodissociate ClOOCl, and the Cl atoms produced are detected with time-resolved atomic resonance fluorescence. Cl(2), the primary contaminant, is measured directly for the first time in a ClOOCl cross section experiment. We find the product of the quantum yield of the Cl atom production channel of ClOOCl photolysis and the ClOOCl absorption cross section, (phisigma)(ClOOCl) = 660 +/- 100 at 248 nm, 39.3 +/- 4.9 at 308 nm, and 8.6 +/- 1.2 at 352 nm (units of 10(-20) cm(2) molecule(-1)). The data set includes 468 total cross section measurements over a wide range of experimental conditions, significantly reducing the possibility of a systematic error impacting the results. These new measurements demonstrate that long-wavelength photons (lambda = 352 nm) are absorbed by ClOOCl directly, producing Cl atoms with a probability commensurate with the observed rate of ozone destruction in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Wilmouth
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
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Papanastasiou DK, Papadimitriou VC, Fahey DW, Burkholder JB. UV absorption spectrum of the ClO dimer (Cl2O2) between 200 and 420 nm. J Phys Chem A 2010; 113:13711-26. [PMID: 19954253 DOI: 10.1021/jp9065345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The UV photolysis of Cl(2)O(2) (dichlorine peroxide) is a key step in the catalytic destruction of polar stratospheric ozone. In this study, the gas-phase UV absorption spectrum of Cl(2)O(2) was measured using diode array spectroscopy and absolute cross sections, sigma, are reported for the wavelength range 200-420 nm. Pulsed laser photolysis of Cl(2)O at 248 nm or Cl(2)/Cl(2)O mixtures at 351 nm at low temperature (200-228 K) and high pressure (approximately 700 Torr, He) was used to produce ClO radicals and subsequently Cl(2)O(2) via the termolecular ClO self-reaction. The Cl(2)O(2) spectrum was obtained from spectra recorded following the completion of the gas-phase ClO radical chemistry. The spectral analysis used observed isosbestic points at 271, 312.9, and 408.5 nm combined with reaction stoichiometry and chlorine mass balance to determine the Cl(2)O(2) spectrum. The Cl(2)O(2) UV absorption spectrum peaks at 244.5 nm with a cross section of 7.6(-0.5)(+0.8) x 10(-18) cm(2) molecule(-1) where the quoted error limits are 2sigma and include estimated systematic errors. The Cl(2)O(2) absorption cross sections obtained for wavelengths in the range 300-420 nm are in good agreement with the Cl(2)O(2) spectrum reported previously by Burkholder et al. (J. Phys. Chem. A 1990, 94, 687) and significantly higher than the values reported by Pope et al. (J. Phys. Chem. A 2007, 111, 4322). A possible explanation for the discrepancy in the Cl(2)O(2) cross section values with the Pope et al. study is discussed. Representative, atmospheric photolysis rate coefficients are calculated and a range of uncertainty estimated based on the determination of sigma(Cl(2)O(2))(lambda) in this work. Although improvements in our fundamental understanding of the photochemistry of Cl(2)O(2) are still desired, this work indicates that major revisions in current atmospheric chemical mechanisms are not required to simulate observed polar ozone depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios K Papanastasiou
- Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305-3328, USA
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Karton A, Parthiban S, Martin JML. Post-CCSD(T) ab Initio Thermochemistry of Halogen Oxides and Related Hydrides XOX, XOOX, HOX, XOn, and HXOn (X = F, Cl), and Evaluation of DFT Methods for These Systems. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:4802-16. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8087435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Karton
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Srinivasan Parthiban
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jan M. L. Martin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel
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Plenge J, Kühl S, Vogel B, Müller R, Stroh F, von Hobe M, Flesch R, Rühl E. Bond strength of chlorine peroxide. J Phys Chem A 2007; 109:6730-4. [PMID: 16834026 DOI: 10.1021/jp044142h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The bond strength of chlorine peroxide (ClOOCl) is studied by photoionization mass spectrometry. The experimental results are obtained from the fragmentation threshold yielding ClO+, which is observed at 11.52 +/- 0.025 eV. The O-O bond strength D(o) is derived from this value in comparison to the first ionization energy of ClO, yielding D(o)298 = 72.39 +/- 2.8 kJ mol(-1). The present work provides a new and independent method to examine the equilibrium constant K(eq) for chlorine peroxide formation via dimerization of ClO in the stratosphere. This yields an approximation for the equilibrium constant in the stratospheric temperature regime between 190 and 230 K of the form K(eq) = 1.92 x 10(-27) cm3 molecules(-1) x exp(8430 K/T). This value of K(eq) is lower than current reference data and agrees well with high altitude aircraft measurements within their scattering range. Considering the error limits of the present experimental results and the resulting equilibrium constant, there is agreement with previous works, but the upper limit of current reference values appears to be too high. This result is discussed along with possible atmospheric implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Plenge
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, USA
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12
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Abstract
ClOOCl was prepared in situ in a temperature controlled photoreactor (v = 420 L) by photolyzing OClO/N2 mixtures in the wavelength range 300-500 nm at temperatures between 242 and 261 K and total pressures between 2 and 480 mbar. After switching off the lights, excess NO2 was added, and IR and UV spectra were monitored simultaneously as a function of time. By spectral stripping of all other known UV absorbers (in particular, other chlorine oxides and chlorine nitrate), we determined rate constants k-1 of the reaction ClOOCl (+M) --> ClO + ClO (+M) from the first-order decay of the residual UV absorption of ClOOCl at 246 and 255 nm. k-1,0 = [N2] x 7.6 x 10(-9) exp[(-53.6 +/- 6.0) kJ mol(-1)/RT] cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1) (2sigma) was derived for the low-pressure limiting rate constant. Application of Troe's expression for the limiting low-pressure rate constants of unimolecular decomposition reactions leads to E0 = Delta(r)H0(0)(ClOOCl-->ClO+ClO) = 66.4 +/- 3.0 kJ mol(-1). k-1,0 started to fall off from the pressure proportional low pressure behavior at p approximately 30 mbar; however, reliable extrapolation to the high pressure limit was not possible. The decomposition rate constants of ClOOCl were directly measured for the first time, and they are higher, depending on temperature and pressure, by factors between 1.5 and 4.2 as compared to experimental data on k-1 by Nickolaisen et al. [J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 155] which were derived from the approach of ClO to thermal equilibrium with its dimer ClOOCl. Combination of the present dissociation rate constants with recommended temperature and pressure dependent data on the reverse reaction (k1) demonstrate inconsistencies between the dissociation and recombination rate constants. Summarizing laboratory data on k1 and k-1 above 250 K and field measurements on the ClO + ClO <= => ClOOCl equilibrium in the nighttime polar stratosphere close to 200 K, the expression Kc = k1/k-1 = 3.0 x 10(-27) exp(8433 K/T) cm3 molecule(-1) is derived for the temperature range 200-300 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bröske
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Physikalische Chemie/FB C, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
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Boakes G, Hindy Mok WH, Rowley DM. Kinetic studies of the ClO + ClO association reaction as a function of temperature and pressure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:4102-13. [PMID: 16474875 DOI: 10.1039/b510308h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of the association reaction of ClO radicals: ClO + ClO + M --> Cl2O2+ M (1), have been investigated as a function of temperature T between 206.0-298.0 K and pressure p between 25-760 Torr using flash photolysis with time-resolved UV absorption spectroscopy. ClO radicals were generated following the photolysis of Br2/Cl2O mixtures in nitrogen diluent gas. Charge coupled device (CCD) detection of time resolved absorptions was used to monitor ClO radicals over a broad wavelength window covering the ClO (A 2Pi<-- X 2Pi) vibronic absorption bands. The high pass filtered ClO absorption cross sections were calibrated as a function of temperature between T = 206.0-320 K, and exhibit a negative temperature dependence. The ClO association kinetics were found to be more rapid than those reported in previous studies, with limiting low and high pressure rate coefficients, in nitrogen bath gas, k0 = (2.78 +/- 0.82) x 10(-32) x (T/300)(-3.99 +/- 0.94) molecule(-2) cm6 s(-1) and k(infinity) = (3.37 +/- 1.67) x 10(-12) x (T/300)(-1.49 +/- 1.81) molecule(-1) cm3 s(-1), respectively, (obtained with the broadening factor F(c) fixed at 0.6). Errors are 2sigma. The pressure dependent ClO association rate coefficients (falloff curves) exhibited some discrepancies at low pressures, with higher than expected rate coefficients on the basis of extrapolation from high pressures (p > 100 Torr). Reanalysis of data excluding kinetic data recorded below p = 100 Torr gave k0 = (2.79 +/- 0.85) x 10(-32) x (T/300)(-3.78 +/- 0.98) molecule(-2) cm6 s(-1) and k(infinity) = (3.44 +/- 1.83)x 10(-12) x (T/300)(-1.73 +/- 1.91) molecule(-1) cm3 s(-1). Potential sources of the low pressure discrepancies are discussed. The expression for k(0) in air bath gas is k0 = (2.62 +/- 0.80) x 10(-32) x (T/300)(-3.78 +/- 0.98) molecule(-2) cm6 s(-1). These results support upward revision of the ClO association rate coefficient recommended for use in stratospheric models, and the stratospheric implications of the results reported here are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Boakes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
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Inglese S, Granucci G, Laino T, Persico M. Photodissociation Dynamics of Chlorine Peroxide Adsorbed on Ice. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:7941-7. [PMID: 16851927 DOI: 10.1021/jp044368k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chlorine peroxide plays an important role in the chlorine-ozone chemistry in the antarctic stratosphere. Adsorption by ice crystals may alter its photochemistry in different ways. We have simulated the photodissociation of a ClOOCl molecule adsorbed on ice by means of a semiclassical representation of the excited state dynamics. Electronic energies and wave functions of ClOOCl are computed by an ad hoc reparametrized semiempirical method, and the interaction with ice is taken into account by a QM/MM strategy. The reaction mechanism is similar to what was previously found for the isolated molecule: sequential or almost simultaneous breaking of both Cl-O bonds leads to the 2Cl + O2 reaction products in most cases. The Cl atoms remain temporarily adsorbed on the ice surface, whereas O2 is ejected. The main effect for the overall chlorine chemistry is probably an increase of the photodissociation rates at long wavelengths, due to the change of adsorption cross sections induced by the interaction with ice.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Inglese
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, via Risorgimento 35, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Zhu RS, Lin MC. Ab initiostudies of ClOx reactions. IV. Kinetics and mechanism for the self-reaction of ClO radicals. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1540623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Kumar A, Homann T, Jug K. Reaction Mechanism of Chlorosiloxane Ring Formation from SiCl4 and O2. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp014235o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thorsten Homann
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Karl Jug
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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Bloss WJ, Nickolaisen SL, Salawitch RJ, Friedl RR, Sander SP. Kinetics of the ClO Self-Reaction and 210 nm Absorption Cross Section of the ClO Dimer. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012429y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William J. Bloss
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - Scott L. Nickolaisen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - Ross J. Salawitch
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - Randall R. Friedl
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109
| | - Stanley P. Sander
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109
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18
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De Haan DO, Birks JW. Heterogeneous Reactions of Chlorine Peroxide with Halide Ions. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp970948o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. O. De Haan
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0216
| | - J. W. Birks
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0216
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Simon F, Schneider W, Moortgat G, Burrows J. A study of the ClO absorption cross-section between 240 and 310 nm and the kinetics of the self-reaction at 300 K. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(90)80014-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Birk M, Friedl RR, Cohen EA, Pickett HM, Sander SP. The rotational spectrum and structure of chlorine peroxide. J Chem Phys 1989. [DOI: 10.1063/1.457377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Hayman G, Cox R. UV absorption spectrum and thermochemistry of Cl2O3 formed in the photolysis of OClO-containing mixtures at low temperatures. Chem Phys Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(89)87350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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The stability and photochemistry of dimers of the ClO radical and implications for Antarctic ozone depletion. Nature 1988. [DOI: 10.1038/332796a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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The photo-oxidation of 1,3-dichlorotetrafluoroacetone: mechanism of the reaction of CF2Cl with oxygen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0047-2670(82)80032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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